Daily Current Affairs June 04

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June 04 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs June 04

1. On which date is the International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression observed annually?
A) June 1
B) June 3
C) June 4
D) June 5
E) June 7
Answer: C) June 4

Event and Location:

• Event: Observation of International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression
• Location: Globally observed
• Date: June 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Observed each year on June 4, the day was established by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in 1982 to recognize and advocate for the protection of children affected by war, aggression, and violence.
• Objectives:
  • Draw attention to the physical, emotional, and psychological harm inflicted on children in conflict zones
  • Promote stronger international protections and accountability mechanisms
  • Reinforce UN commitments under the Convention on the Rights of the Child
  • Advance progress toward SDG Goal 16.2 to end abuse, exploitation, and all forms of violence against children

Important Terms Explained:

• Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC): The most ratified human rights treaty globally, committing nations to protect and promote the rights of children.
• UNGA Resolution 51/77: A 1997 resolution expanding UN efforts on children in armed conflict based on findings from the Graça Machel Report (1996).
• Goal 16.2 (SDG 2030): A sub-target of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals focused on ending all forms of violence against children globally.
• Grave Violations (UN Classification): Includes killing and maiming, child recruitment, sexual violence, attacks on schools, and denial of humanitarian aid.

Tabular Summary:

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs June 04

2. Who won the 2025 Spanish Grand Prix held at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya?
A) Lewis Hamilton
B) Max Verstappen
C) Charles Leclerc
D) Oscar Piastri
E) Lando Norris
Answer: D) Oscar Piastri

Event and Location:

• Event: Oscar Piastri wins the 2025 Spanish Grand Prix
• Location: Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya, Spain
• Date: June 2, 2025 (Race held prior to reporting on June 4)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Oscar Piastri, representing McLaren, won his fifth race of the 2025 Formula One season by claiming victory at the Spanish Grand Prix from pole position, extending his lead in the championship standings.
• Objectives:
  • Reassert dominance in the ongoing F1 Drivers’ Championship
  • Strengthen McLaren’s team standing in Constructors’ Championship
  • Break Lando Norris’s winning momentum from the past two races
  • Showcase Piastri’s consistency, adaptability, and race strategy on a technically demanding track

Important Terms Explained:

• Pole Position: The first starting spot on the grid, awarded to the driver with the fastest qualifying time.
• Constructors’ Championship: F1 title awarded to the team (constructor) with the most points accumulated by its drivers over the season.
• Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya: A premier racing circuit in Spain known for its complex layout and high tire degradation, often used for F1 pre-season testing.
• F1 Drivers’ Championship: The individual title awarded to the driver with the highest total points in a given Formula One season.

Tabular Summary:

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Ranking – Daily Current Affairs June 04

3. What is India’s rank in the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) 2025?
A) 5
B) 8
C) 10
D) 12
E) 14
Answer: C) 10

Event and Location:

• Event: Release of the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) 2025
• Location: Global coverage – includes 64 countries and the European Union
• Date: June 3, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) 2025 evaluates the climate action performance of 64 countries and the EU based on key indicators such as emissions, energy use, renewable energy, and climate policy.
• Objectives: To monitor progress in climate protection, encourage accountability, and highlight leaders and laggards in climate action, guiding international climate efforts and policy reforms.

India’s Category-wise Performance in CCPI 2025:

Top 10 Countries in CCPI 2025:

Bottom 10 Countries in CCPI 2025:

Important Terms Explained:

• Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI): An annual ranking by Germanwatch, NewClimate Institute, and CAN, assessing countries based on GHG emissions, renewable energy, energy use, and climate policy.
• GHG Emissions: Greenhouse gases like CO₂ and methane that contribute to global warming; CCPI evaluates national per capita emissions and trends.
• Renewable Energy: Energy generated from natural sources (solar, wind, hydro) that are replenished constantly; a key measure of sustainability in CCPI.
• Climate Policy: National and international commitments, laws, and enforcement mechanisms for achieving climate goals; includes policy transparency and ambition.
• Vikshit Bharat @2047: India’s strategic vision to become a fully developed nation by its 100th year of independence.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat: A national initiative promoting self-reliance in all sectors including energy, manufacturing, and climate action.

Tabular Summary:

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4. Which Indian city ranked 10th globally in the StartupBlink Global Startup Ecosystem Index 2025?
A) Mumbai
B) New Delhi
C) Bangalore
D) Hyderabad
E) Pune
Answer: C) Bangalore

Event and Location:

• Event: India’s Bangalore ranks 10th in StartupBlink Global Startup Ecosystem Index 2025
• Location: Global (focus on India, USA, UK, China)
• Date: June 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Release of StartupBlink’s Global Startup Ecosystem Index 2025, ranking cities globally by innovation, startup output, and growth potential.
• Objectives: To identify leading startup ecosystems, analyze growth patterns, and guide policymakers, investors, and entrepreneurs toward thriving startup destinations.

Top 10 Startup Cities in the World – 2025:

Top Indian Startup Cities – 2025:

Important Terms Explained:

• StartupBlink Global Startup Ecosystem Index: A comprehensive global ranking of cities and countries based on startup activity, support infrastructure, and innovation.
• Startup Ecosystem: A network of startups, investors, incubators, government bodies, and educational institutions that support innovation and entrepreneurship.
• Startup Density: The concentration of startups in a particular location, used as a metric to assess ecosystem vibrancy.
• Fintech, Health Tech, Climate Tech: Technology-driven sectors focused on financial services, healthcare innovation, and environmental solutions, respectively.

Tabular Summary:

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5. According to the IMF, which country did India surpass in 2025 to become the fourth-largest global economy by GDP?
A) Germany
B) United Kingdom
C) France
D) Japan
E) Brazil
Answer: D) Japan

Event and Location:

• Event: India becomes the fourth-largest economy in the world by GDP
• Location: Global (based on IMF projections)
• Date: June 3, 2025 (based on IMF update referenced)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: IMF estimates place India’s GDP at $4,187.03 billion in 2025, surpassing Japan to become the fourth-largest economy globally.
• Objectives: Provide updated global economic rankings, assess comparative economic performance, and forecast India’s long-term growth trajectory in global standings.

Important Terms Explained:

• Gross Domestic Product (GDP): The total monetary value of all goods and services produced within a country’s borders during a specific period; a key measure of economic performance.
• Purchasing Power Parity (PPP): A method of comparing economic productivity and standards of living between countries by adjusting for differences in cost of living and inflation.
• Per Capita GDP: The GDP divided by the total population; a better indicator of average income and living standards than overall GDP.

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs June 04

6. What was the total penalty amount imposed by RBI on regulated entities in FY 2024–25?
A) ₹48.57 crore
B) ₹60.21 crore
C) ₹54.78 crore
D) ₹42.35 crore
E) ₹39.80 crore
Answer: C) ₹54.78 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI imposed penalties on 353 regulated entities for non-compliance in FY 2024–25
• Location: India (Nationwide jurisdiction)
• Date: May 30, 2025 (as per RBI Annual Report FY25)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) levied ₹54.78 crore in penalties on 353 regulated entities (REs) including banks, NBFCs, HFCs, and others for non-compliance with RBI directives on areas such as cybersecurity, KYC, IRAC norms, and reporting systems.
• Objectives:
  • Reinforce regulatory discipline and compliance
  • Promote transparency and accountability
  • Improve systemic risk governance and cyber resilience
  • Ensure timely and accurate fraud and credit information reporting

Important Terms Explained:

• IRAC Norms: Income Recognition and Asset Classification norms set by RBI to classify bank assets and recognize income from advances.
• KYC (Know Your Customer): Regulatory process of verifying a customer’s identity and financial profile to prevent money laundering, fraud, and financial crimes.
• CRILC: Central Repository of Information on Large Credits, an RBI platform for monitoring large-value exposures across banks.
• CICs (Credit Information Companies): Entities like CIBIL and Experian that collect and provide credit histories of borrowers to lenders.
• Cybersecurity Framework: RBI-mandated digital infrastructure protection guidelines for regulated financial institutions.

Tabular Summary:

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7. What is UBS’s revised GDP growth forecast for India in FY26?
A) 6.0%
B) 6.1%
C) 6.3%
D) 6.4%
E) 6.2%
Answer: D) 6.4%

Event and Location:

• Event: Diverging FY26 GDP growth forecasts for India by OECD and UBS
• Location: India (economic focus with global inputs)
• Date: June 3, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • On June 3, 2025, OECD revised India’s FY26 growth forecast down to 6.3%, while UBS raised its projection to 6.4%, showing two contrasting economic outlooks based on global vs. domestic considerations.
• Objectives:
  • Help policymakers and investors understand short-term economic risks and opportunities
  • Highlight how external trade risks and domestic consumption trends shape GDP growth
  • Guide future monetary and fiscal policies in response to inflation, trade dynamics, and capital investment

Important Terms Explained:

• OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development): An intergovernmental economic organization of 38 countries, mainly developed nations, focused on policy analysis, economic forecasting, and global cooperation.
• UBS Securities: A global financial services firm offering investment research and analysis; in India, it provides forecasts on GDP, inflation, and policy outlooks.
• GDP Growth Forecast: An estimate of how much the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) will grow in a specific fiscal year, used as a measure of economic health.
• Basis Points (bps): A unit equal to 1/100th of a percent; commonly used in interest rate and economic changes (e.g., 75 bps = 0.75%).
• Trade Tensions: Economic conflicts between countries that result in tariffs or other trade barriers, often affecting exports and growth projections.

Tabular Summary:

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs June 04

8. Who was elected as the new President of South Korea in June 2025?
A) Yoon Suk Yeol
B) Moon Jae-in
C) Kim Moon Soo
D) Lee Jae-myung
E) Park Geun-hye
Answer: D) Lee Jae-myung

Event and Location:

• Event: Election of Lee Jae-myung as President of South Korea
• Location: Republic of Korea (South Korea)
• Date: June 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Lee Jae-myung, the liberal opposition leader from the Democratic Party, was elected President of South Korea, defeating conservative rival Kim Moon Soo amid widespread public dissatisfaction and political upheaval.
• Objectives: To restore democratic governance post-martial law, pursue economic revitalization, reduce inequality, and promote balanced diplomacy with the U.S., Japan, China, and North Korea.

Important Terms Explained:

• Martial Law: Temporary military control over civilian functions during emergencies; controversially imposed by outgoing president Yoon Suk Yeol, leading to his ouster.
• Democratic Party (South Korea): A major liberal political party advocating for reformist governance, social justice, and diplomacy-first foreign policy.
• Trilateral Cooperation: Strategic collaboration among South Korea, the United States, and Japan, especially for regional security and economic partnerships.
• Anti-establishment Image: A political stance challenging traditional power structures, often appealing to public sentiment for reform and transparency.

Tabular Summary:

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9. Who was appointed as the new Director General of Defence Estates in June 2025?
A) Rakesh Kumar Verma
B) S.K. Mishra
C) Shailendra Nath Gupta
D) Rajesh Bhushan
E) Dinesh Tripathi
Answer: C) Shailendra Nath Gupta

Event and Location:

• Event: Appointment of Shailendra Nath Gupta as Director General of Defence Estates
• Location: India
• Date: June 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Veteran IDES officer Shailendra Nath Gupta (1990 batch) has been appointed as the Director General of Defence Estates (DGDE), taking over the management of defence land and cantonments across India.
• Objectives:
  • Strengthen the administration of 18 lakh acres of defence land
  • Promote digitization of land records and land audit reforms
  • Improve urban governance in cantonments
  • Ensure efficient, transparent land use and management
  • Facilitate better coordination between the Ministry of Defence, armed forces, and civil authorities

Important Terms Explained:

• IDES (Indian Defence Estates Service): A Group ‘A’ civil service under the Ministry of Defence, responsible for administration of defence lands and cantonments.
• DGDE (Director General of Defence Estates): The top administrative authority for managing defence land records, cantonment governance, and coordination with defence and civil bodies.
• Cantonment Boards: Civic bodies functioning in defence areas, governed under the Cantonments Act, 2006, providing municipal services to civilians and defence personnel.
• Encroachment Prevention: A key function of DGDE involving safeguarding defence land from unauthorized occupation or misuse.

Tabular Summary:

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10. Who was elected as the new President of Poland in the June 2025 election?
A) Andrzej Duda
B) Rafal Trzaskowski
C) Donald Tusk
D) Karol Nawrocki
E) Mateusz Morawiecki
Answer: D) Karol Nawrocki

Event and Location:

• Event: Election of Karol Nawrocki as President of Poland
• Location: Poland
• Date: June 4, 2025 (results announced)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Karol Nawrocki, a conservative historian and former head of the Institute of National Remembrance (INR), won the Polish presidential election with 50.89% of the vote, defeating liberal rival Rafal Trzaskowski.
• Objectives:
  • Continue a nationalist policy direction in Poland post-Andrzej Duda
  • Assert conservative values on national identity and cultural traditions
  • Influence foreign policy while maintaining strong U.S. ties
  • Serve as a counterweight to EU liberal norms on judiciary and minority rights

Important Terms Explained:

• Law and Justice Party (PiS): Poland’s right-wing, nationalist political party that ruled from 2015 to 2023 and backed Nawrocki’s candidacy.
• Institute of National Remembrance (INR): A Polish institution that investigates crimes against the nation, focusing on historical narratives from a conservative lens.
• Presidency in Poland: The President is the head of state with veto powers, key foreign policy influence, and symbolic authority—though the Prime Minister heads the government.
• Judicial Independence: A recurring source of conflict between Poland and the EU, particularly under PiS rule, due to alleged political interference in court appointments.

Tabular Summary:

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs June 04

11. Who received the USISPF Global Leadership Award 2025 for enhancing U.S.-India relations through sustained investment?
A) Ratan Tata
B) Sundar Pichai
C) Arvind Krishna
D) Kumar Mangalam Birla
E) Satya Nadella
Answer: D) Kumar Mangalam Birla

Event and Location:

• Event: Kumar Mangalam Birla honoured with Global Leadership Award 2025
• Location: Washington, D.C., United States
• Date: June 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • USISPF conferred the Global Leadership Award to Kumar Mangalam Birla at its 8th annual Leadership Summit.
  • Recognized contributions to U.S.-India economic cooperation, job creation, and long-term investment.
• Objectives:
  • To celebrate leadership that deepens commercial and strategic U.S.-India partnerships.
  • Acknowledge business leaders advancing mutual prosperity and sustainable growth.
  • Encourage continued collaboration between Indian multinationals and U.S. industry.

Important Terms Explained:

• USISPF (U.S.-India Strategic Partnership Forum):
  • A non-profit organization promoting economic and strategic collaboration between the U.S. and India.
  • Works across sectors including technology, energy, defense, and policy research.
• Global Leadership Award:
  • An annual recognition by USISPF.
  • Awarded to individuals showing exceptional commitment to fostering bilateral economic ties and social progress.
• Aditya Birla Group:
  • One of India’s largest multinational conglomerates.
  • Active in sectors such as metals, carbon black, textiles, financial services, and chemicals.
  • Operates in over 15 U.S. states with investments exceeding $15 billion.

Tabular Summary:

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs June 04

12. With which country did India sign an MoU to build its first-ever Polar Research Vessel (PRV)?
A) Germany
B) Sweden
C) Norway
D) Japan
E) France
Answer: C) Norway

Event and Location:

• Event: India to build its first-ever indigenous Polar Research Vessel (PRV)
• Location: India and Norway
• Date: June 3, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India’s Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd. (GRSE) signed an MoU with Kongsberg of Norway to design and construct India’s first Polar Research Vessel (PRV).
• Objectives: To enhance India’s polar and oceanic research capabilities, reduce reliance on foreign vessels, support the Make in India initiative, and strengthen India’s global scientific standing.

Important Terms Explained:

• Polar Research Vessel (PRV): A specialized ship designed to conduct scientific research in polar regions like the Arctic and Antarctic.
• Make in India: A flagship initiative launched in 2014 by the Government of India to encourage domestic manufacturing and reduce import dependency.
• MAHASAGAR Vision: An Indian maritime vision standing for Mutual and Holistic Advancement for Security Across the Regions, focused on regional cooperation and sustainability in ocean governance.

Tabular Summary:

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs June 04

13. Which two European naval forces participated in the Indian Navy’s joint exercise with EUNAVFOR in June 2025?
A) France and Germany
B) Italy and Spain
C) Greece and Netherlands
D) Portugal and Denmark
E) Sweden and Belgium
Answer: B) Italy and Spain

Event and Location:

• Event: Joint naval exercise between Indian Navy and European Union Naval Force (EUNAVFOR)
• Location: Indian Ocean Region (IOR); port visit to Mumbai, India
• Date: June 3, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Conduct joint naval operations involving ships and aircraft from India and EUNAVFOR.
• Objectives: Enhance interoperability, improve tactical coordination, and combat non-traditional maritime threats such as piracy and smuggling in the Indian Ocean Region.

Important Terms Explained:

• EUNAVFOR (European Union Naval Force): A multinational maritime security operation deployed by the European Union to combat piracy and protect sea lanes, especially off the coast of Africa and in strategic oceanic zones.
• Non-Traditional Maritime Threats: Include piracy, arms smuggling, human trafficking, narcotics trade, illegal fishing, and maritime terrorism — unlike conventional state-based threats.
• SMEEs and TTX: Subject Matter Expert Exchanges (SMEEs) and Table Top Exercises (TTX) are preparatory engagements that improve understanding, communication, and coordination between joint naval teams before physical exercises.

Tabular Summary:

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs June 04

14. How much total investment has ADB committed for urban infrastructure transformation in India between 2025–2030?
A) $5 billion
B) $7.5 billion
C) $10 billion
D) $12 billion
E) $8.2 billion
Answer: C) $10 billion

Event and Location:

• Event: ADB launches a $10 billion urban transformation program for India
• Location: India (nationwide urban focus)
• Date: June 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has announced a five-year investment program of $10 billion for Indian cities, supporting urban transformation through transit, infrastructure, and capacity-building projects.
• Objectives:
  • Drive India’s Viksit Bharat @2047 mission by enhancing urban mobility and sustainability
  • Expand metro and RRTS networks in metro cities
  • Improve urban water, sanitation, and waste management systems
  • Boost private capital mobilization via the Urban Challenge Fund (UCF)
  • Support skills development through the National Industrial Training Institute Upgradation Program

Important Terms Explained:

• ADB (Asian Development Bank): A regional multilateral development bank established in 1966, focused on social and economic development in Asia and the Pacific.
• Urban Challenge Fund (UCF): A financing mechanism launched by ADB to leverage private investments for scalable and bankable urban infrastructure projects in India.
• RRTS (Regional Rapid Transit System): A high-speed rail transport system to connect urban and regional hubs, reducing congestion and boosting productivity.
• Transit-Oriented Development (TOD): A city-planning concept promoting mixed-use urban development near mass transit hubs for sustainable urban growth.
• Viksit Bharat @2047: A long-term national goal to make India a fully developed economy by 2047, the centenary of independence.

Tabular Summary:

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15. What major change was introduced in Bangladesh’s new currency notes in June 2025?
A) Adoption of digital-only currency
B) Introduction of plastic-based currency
C) Removal of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman’s image
D) Inclusion of QR codes for e-payments
E) Launch of a new cryptocurrency
Answer: C) Removal of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman’s image

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of new Bangladesh currency notes excluding Mujib’s portrait
• Location: Bangladesh
• Date: June 3, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Bangladesh introduced redesigned currency notes (Tk 1000, Tk 50, and Tk 20) that exclude the image of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the nation’s founding father.
  • The notes feature non-political, cultural, and archaeological themes such as temples and artwork.
• Objectives:
  • Reflect Bangladesh’s rich cultural heritage through currency design.
  • De-emphasize political iconography amid political unrest and ideological shifts.
  • Establish a neutral national narrative under the interim government.

Important Terms Explained:

• Sheikh Mujibur Rahman: The founding father of Bangladesh and the country’s first Prime Minister and President. Traditionally featured on all currency notes since 1971.
• Muhammad Yunus: Nobel Peace Laureate and head of Bangladesh’s interim government in 2025, steering reforms amid political instability.
• Zainul Abedin: Renowned Bangladeshi artist known for socially conscious art; his work is now featured on new currency notes.

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs June 04

16. Which city will host the first regional campus of the Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs (IICA)?
A) Imphal
B) Guwahati
C) Shillong
D) Aizawl
E) Kohima
Answer: C) Shillong

Event and Location:

• Event: IICA to establish its first regional campus in the North East
• Location: New Shillong Township, Meghalaya
• Date: June 3, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs (IICA) has acquired land to establish its first regional campus in Shillong, supported by the PM-DevINE scheme with ₹100.95 crore.
• Objectives: To expand corporate training and advisory services in the North East; to strengthen corporate governance, CSR, ESG, and insolvency frameworks; and to align with national goals such as Ease of Doing Business, Vikshit Bharat @2047, and Atmanirbhar Bharat.

Important Terms Explained:

• Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs (IICA): An autonomous institute under the Ministry of Corporate Affairs serving as a think tank and training center on corporate laws, governance, and policy.
• PM-DevINE: Prime Minister’s Development Initiative for North East Region, a centrally funded scheme focused on infrastructure, livelihood, and inclusive growth in the North East.
• Ease of Doing Business: A reform-based initiative by the Government of India to improve regulatory and business environments for domestic and global investors.
• Vikshit Bharat @2047: A national vision to transform India into a developed nation by 2047, marking 100 years of independence.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat: A policy initiative aimed at promoting self-reliance in all sectors through reforms and local capacity building.

Tabular Summary:

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17. What is the name of the upgraded digital platform launched by the Coal Minister to enhance PF and pension services for coal workers?
A) MineSecure 2.0
B) CoalConnect
C) C CARES 2.0
D) CMPFO Pro
E) DigiMine Portal
Answer: C) C CARES 2.0

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of C CARES 2.0 for coal workers’ Provident Fund and pension services
• Location: Nationwide (initial rollout in 5 regional offices)
• Date: June 3, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Launch of C CARES Version 2.0, an upgraded digital platform developed by C-DAC for the Coal Mines Provident Fund Organization (CMPFO), supported by SBI, and introduced by Union Coal Minister G. Kishan Reddy.
• Objectives: To streamline Provident Fund and pension disbursement, offer real-time tracking, ensure faster settlements, and promote transparency and digital access in line with Digital India and Minimum Government, Maximum Governance.

Important Terms Explained:

• C CARES 2.0: An upgraded digital portal developed by C-DAC for CMPFO to offer real-time claim tracking, DBT, mobile-based access, and analytics for Provident Fund and pension services of coal workers.
• CMPFO: The Coal Mines Provident Fund Organization, a statutory body under the Ministry of Coal, established in 1948 to manage PF and pension for coal sector employees.
• Digital India: A flagship initiative of the Government of India to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy.
• Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT): Government scheme to transfer subsidies and benefits directly to citizens’ bank accounts to ensure transparency and efficiency.
• Minimum Government, Maximum Governance: A policy vision promoting simplification, automation, and reduced bureaucracy in public service delivery.

Tabular Summary:

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18. Where was the 3rd Lavender Festival 2025 held under the CSIR-Aroma Mission?
A) Dehradun
B) Shimla
C) Bhaderwah
D) Manali
E) Leh
Answer: C) Bhaderwah

Event and Location:

• Event: Conclusion of the 3rd Lavender Festival 2025
• Location: Bhaderwah, Jammu and Kashmir
• Date: June 2, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Lavender Festival 2025 was organized under the CSIR-Aroma Mission by CSIR-IIIM to showcase the success of lavender cultivation and its impact on the rural economy in the Himalayan region.
• Objectives:
  • Promote sustainable lavender farming in remote areas
  • Provide training, planting material, and marketing support to farmers
  • Empower women entrepreneurs and rural communities
  • Strengthen India’s aroma-based economy through innovation and value addition
  • Support the Purple Revolution as part of India’s self-reliance goals

Important Terms Explained:

• CSIR-Aroma Mission: A Council of Scientific and Industrial Research initiative to boost cultivation and processing of aromatic crops like lavender for rural employment and entrepreneurship.
• CSIR-IIIM: Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, a CSIR laboratory based in Jammu, leading India’s aromatic plant research and industrial application.
• Purple Revolution: A movement to promote lavender farming in the Himalayan region as a means to empower farmers and reduce dependence on imported aromatic oils.
• Distillation Units: Small processing facilities that extract essential oils like lavender oil from plant materials using steam distillation.

Tabular Summary:

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19. Which state has announced 20% horizontal reservation in police recruitment for former Agniveers starting 2026?
A) Haryana
B) Maharashtra
C) Gujarat
D) Uttar Pradesh
E) Rajasthan
Answer: D) Uttar Pradesh

Event and Location:

• Event: 20% horizontal police reservation approved for ex-Agniveers
• Location: Uttar Pradesh
• Date: June 3, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Uttar Pradesh Cabinet approved 20% horizontal reservation in direct police recruitment for ex-Agniveers.
  • Age relaxation of 3 years will also be provided.
• Objectives:
  • To provide post-service government employment opportunities to youth completing the Agneepath Scheme.
  • To leverage the training and discipline of ex-Agniveers for state policing roles.
  • To set a precedent for other states in integrating trained defence personnel into civil services.

Important Terms Explained:

• Agneepath Scheme:
  • A short-term service scheme launched by the Union Government in 2022.
  • Allows youth aged 17.5 to 21 years to serve in the Army, Navy, or Air Force for four years as Agniveers.
  • After 4 years, 25% may be retained; others receive a Seva Nidhi financial package.
• Horizontal Reservation:
  • Reservation applied across all categories (General, OBC, SC, ST).
  • For instance, an OBC Agniveer competes within the OBC quota with additional reserved benefit.
• PAC (Provincial Armed Constabulary):
  • A paramilitary police force under the Uttar Pradesh Police.
  • Primarily responsible for maintaining law and order, disaster response, and riot control.

Tabular Summary:

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20. Which river will be harnessed for the joint Assam-Meghalaya 55 MW hydropower and irrigation project announced in June 2025?
A) Subansiri
B) Kulsi
C) Manas
D) Teesta
E) Barak
Answer: B) Kulsi

Event and Location:

• Event: Joint hydropower and irrigation project launched by Assam and Meghalaya
• Location: Kulsi River basin, Assam-Meghalaya region
• Date: June 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Launch of a 55-MW hydropower and irrigation project on the Kulsi River
  • Agreement to consult local communities during project planning
  • Collaboration on satellite-based flood mapping and boundary dispute resolution
• Objectives:
  • Mitigate urban flooding in Guwahati
  • Resolve a 52-year-old boundary dispute between the two states
  • Promote cooperative federalism and regional economic development
  • Enhance irrigation and electricity generation capacity

Important Terms Explained:

• Kulsi River:
  • A tributary of the Brahmaputra River, flowing through Assam and Meghalaya
  • Known for its ecological importance, including being a habitat for the Gangetic river dolphin
• Urban Flooding:
  • Refers to the inundation of cities due to poor drainage, encroachment, and excessive rainfall
  • Guwahati has been a major hotspot for such issues, especially during monsoon
• North Eastern Space Application Centre (NESAC):
  • A joint initiative of ISRO and Department of Space
  • Supports northeastern states with remote sensing and satellite imagery for development planning

Tabular Summary:

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21. What is the key objective of the Jan Aushadhi Kendra Experiential Learning Program 2025?
A) Train pharmacists for AI-enabled diagnostics
B) Promote youth entrepreneurship in telemedicine
C) Develop youth skills through experiential service at medicine outlets
D) Launch new Jan Aushadhi stores in all districts
E) Create a pharmaceutical export promotion council
Answer: C) Develop youth skills through experiential service at medicine outlets

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Jan Aushadhi Kendra Experiential Learning Program 2025
• Location: Nationwide (All States and Union Territories of India)
• Date: June 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Implementation of a 15-day experiential learning internship program in Jan Aushadhi Kendras by placing youth volunteers to assist in public health outreach and medicine management.
• Objectives: To develop youth skills in inventory handling, customer interaction, and health literacy promotion, while increasing public awareness about generic medicines and functioning of Jan Aushadhi Kendras.

Important Terms Explained:

• Jan Aushadhi Kendra (JAK): Retail pharmacies established under the Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP) to provide quality generic medicines at affordable prices to the public.
• Seva Se Seekhen – Learn by Doing: A national campaign under the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports that aims to impart hands-on skills to youth through service-based internships and experiential roles.
• MY Bharat (Mera Yuva Bharat): A government platform to engage Indian youth in civic engagement and nation-building activities, including public health and awareness campaigns.

Tabular Summary:

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Over All Review

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