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October 19 & 20 | Daily Current Affairs 2024

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs October 19 & 20

1. When was the first celebration of World Statistics Day?
A) 2005
B) 2010
C) 2015
D) 2020
E) 2024
Answer: B) 2010

Event and Location:

• World Statistics Day: Celebrated on October 20 every five years to recognize the contributions of statistics to society.
• First Celebration: October 20, 2010.
• Establishing Body: Initiated by the United Nations Statistical Commission.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of World Statistics Day:
  • Raise awareness about the significance of statistics in informed decision-making and societal development.
  • Highlight the contributions of statisticians and promote best practices in data collection and analysis.
• Significance of Celebrations:
  • Various countries observe their own National Statistics Day based on local historical or statistical significance.
  • For instance, India celebrates Statistics Day on June 29, marking the birth anniversary of statistician Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis.
  • Royal Statistical Society in the UK began the Get Stats Campaign on the same day in 2010 to promote statistical literacy.
• World Statistics Pocketbook 2024 Edition:
  • Released by the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) as part of the World Statistics Day activities.
  • It is the forty-eighth annual compilation, summarizing over 50 indicators from 20+ international statistical sources for 30 world regions and 200+ countries.

Important Terms Explained:

• UNSD (United Nations Statistics Division):
  • Role: Collects and disseminates global statistical data, develops standards for statistical practices, and provides technical support to countries.
  • Functions: Publishes reports like the Statistical Yearbook, manages the UNdata platform, and supports global initiatives for statistics.

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2. Where was the 2nd National Lighthouse Festival held in October 2024?
A) Mumbai
B) Chennai
C) Kochi
D) Puri
E) Visakhapatnam
Answer: D) Puri

Event and Location:

• Event: 2nd National Lighthouse Festival
• Conclave: Lighthouse Tourism Conclave 2024
• Date and Location: October 19, 2024, Puri, Odisha

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Conclave:
  • Hosted by the Ministry of Ports, Shipping, and Waterways (MoPSW), the conclave aims to explore the vast potential of lighthouse tourism and strategies for preservation and heritage conservation.
  • The focus is on revitalizing 75 iconic lighthouses across 9 coastal states and 1 union territory to promote tourism, culture, and learning.
• Key Highlights:
  • Odisha’s Key Lighthouses: Gopalpur, Puri, Chandrabhaga, Paradip, and False Point are developed as part of the initiative, attracting over 10 lakh visitors so far in the fiscal year 2024-25.
  • Development Investment: ₹60 crore has been allocated for these developments, which include the construction of museums, amphitheaters, children’s parks, and more.
  • Job Creation: Created 150 direct and 500 indirect jobs in nearby hotels, restaurants, tour services, and local shops.
• Key Dignitaries Present:
  • Shri Shantanu Thakur: Hon’ble Minister of State for Ports, Shipping & Waterways
  • Shri Sambit Patra: MP from Puri
  • Shri Suresh Gopi: Minister of State for Petroleum, Natural Gas & Tourism
  • Smt. Pravati Parida: Deputy Chief Minister of Odisha
• Panel Sessions and Discussions:
  • Two engaging panel discussions focused on “Lighthouse Tourism and Heritage” and “Preservation and Conservation of Lighthouses” moderated by Gaurav Nagar.
  • Experts discussed the economic, cultural, and preservation aspects of these maritime structures.

Important Terms Explained:

• Lighthouse Tourism:
  • The development and promotion of historic lighthouses as tourist destinations to preserve their maritime heritage while fostering economic growth through cultural tourism.

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs October 19 & 20

3. Who won the 2024 WR Chess Masters Cup?
A) Vidit Gujrathi
B) Nodirbek Abdusattorov
C) Alireza Firouzja
D) Maxime Vachier-Lagrave
E) Arjun Erigaisi
Answer: E) Arjun Erigaisi

Event and Location:

• Event: 2024 WR Chess Masters Cup
• Date: October 14-18, 2024
• Location: Langham Hotel, London

Mandates and Objectives:

• Winner:
  • GM Arjun Erigaisi emerged as the winner, defeating Maxime Vachier-Lagrave in the final match decided by armageddon. He earned a top prize of €20,000 and accumulated 27.84 FIDE Circuit points.
  • The victory helped Arjun strengthen his chances for the 2026 FIDE Candidates Tournament but fell short of crossing the 2800 rating due to two draws in the classical games.
• Match Highlights:
  • Classical Games: Both games ended in draws, with Arjun’s strategy to win in classical chess foiled by Vachier-Lagrave’s resilient play.
  • Armageddon Game: Arjun chose a bid of 6 minutes and 58 seconds for playing Black, successfully deploying the Petroff Defense to secure the win after a critical blunder by his opponent.
• Notable Comments and Strategy:
  • Vidit Gujrathi’s Quip: Commented that Arjun, focused on rating points, declined dessert after his victory.
  • Arjun’s Reflections: He considered his match against Vidit Gujrathi the toughest, where a precise move 46…Rc8 saved him from a likely loss.

Key Takeaways:

• Tournament Format:
  • A 16-player knockout event with the shortest classical time controls (60 minutes for 30 moves, then 30 minutes for 20 moves, and 30 minutes to the end).
  • Tie-breakers were decided using bidding armageddon, with White given 10 minutes on the clock.
  • Prize fund: €58,000, with €20,000 for the champion.
• FIDE Circuit Points:
  • The 27.84 points earned by Arjun were the second-highest in 2024, after Alireza Firouzja’s 28.67 for winning the Sinquefield Cup.
  • Arjun is now leading the FIDE Circuit with 105.23 points, surpassing Nodirbek Abdusattorov (92.02 points). However, Firouzja and Caruana are close behind with fewer events played.

Important Terms Explained:

• Armageddon:
  • A chess tie-breaker format where White has more time on the clock but must win, while Black only needs a draw to secure victory.
• Petroff Defense:
  • A solid and highly effective chess opening strategy that focuses on neutralizing the opponent’s attacking chances.

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Ranking – Daily Current Affairs October 19 & 20

4. What does the 2024 Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) report primarily focus on?
A) Urban-Rural Divide
B) Educational Inequality
C) Conflict and Poverty
D) Wealth Distribution
E) Global Hunger
Answer: C) Conflict and Poverty

Event and Location:

• Report Title: 2024 Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)
• Focus: Poverty amid conflict
• Date of Publication: October 17, 2024

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Report:
  • To analyze the connection between violent conflict and multidimensional poverty across countries over time.
  • Data is primarily sourced from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP), with additional analyses using other key conflict datasets.
• Key Findings:
  • MPI values are significantly higher in conflict-affected regions.
  • In protracted conflict areas, poverty reduction tends to reverse, stagnate, or slow down.
  • The report highlights the critical need to focus on people living in violent conflict zones for effective poverty eradication efforts.
• New Data and Coverage:
  • 112 countries are included in this update, covering 1,359 subnational regions.
  • 20 new countries have been added, with the database showing that 1.1 billion people out of a global population of 6.3 billion live in acute multidimensional poverty, with more than half of them being children.
  • Common deprivations include inadequate housing, lack of sanitation, electricity, cooking fuel, poor nutrition, and school attendance.

Important Terms Explained:

• Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI):
  • A measurement that considers multiple deprivations in education, health, and living standards to assess poverty beyond income levels.
• Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP):
  • A leading resource on global conflict data, providing comprehensive information on armed conflicts and violence.

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5. When will India’s sovereign bonds be included in the FTSE Emerging Markets Government Bond Index (EMGBI)?
A) January 2024
B) September 2025
C) November 2025
D) March 2024
E) June 2024
Answer: B) September 2025

Event and Location:

• Event: FTSE Russell’s Index Inclusion Announcement
• Date of Announcement: October 8, 2024
• Location: London-based FTSE Russell

Mandates and Objectives:

• Inclusion Details:
  • India’s Sovereign Bonds:
    • To be included in FTSE’s Emerging Markets Government Bond Index (EMGBI) starting September 2025.
    • India’s bonds will represent 9.35% of the index on a market-value-weighted basis.
  • South Korean Government Bonds:
    • To be included in FTSE’s World Government Bond Index (WGBI) in November 2025.
    • South Korean bonds will hold a 2.22% weightage in the index.
• Significance:
  • FTSE EMGBI: With a market value of $4.7 trillion, this index inclusion is expected to attract substantial foreign inflows into Indian bonds.
  • According to Madhavi Arora, Chief Economist at Emkay Global Financial Services, this decision will strengthen demand for Indian bonds and bring long-term structural benefits.
  • Indian bonds have already seen inflows of nearly $18.5 billion since their inclusion in the JPMorgan Emerging Market index in September 2023.

Important Terms Explained:

• FTSE Russell:
  • A leading global index provider known for creating and managing a variety of market indices to assess financial market performance.
• Emerging Markets Government Bond Index (EMGBI):
  • A prominent index by FTSE Russell that tracks government bonds from emerging markets.
• World Government Bond Index (WGBI):
  • A benchmark index tracking the performance of global government bonds from developed markets.

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs October 19 & 20

6. Which bank launched the ‘Mahila Shaksham’ scheme to empower women entrepreneurs?
A) Punjab National Bank
B) State Bank of India
C) Bank of Baroda
D) Indian Overseas Bank
E) Canara Bank
Answer: D) Indian Overseas Bank

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Mahila Shaksham Scheme
• Date: 19 October 2024
• Location: Chennai, Tamil Nadu
• Launched By: Indian Overseas Bank (IOB)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of Mahila Shaksham Scheme:
  • To empower women entrepreneurs by providing financial assistance and entrepreneurial support.
  • In line with the Ministry of Rural Development’s Lakhpati Didi Yojana under the Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM).
  • Aims to help women achieve a sustainable annual income of at least ₹1 lakh per household.
• Key Features of the Scheme:
  • Financial support: Provides credit support up to ₹10 lakh to individual members of self-help groups (SHGs) under the DAY-NRLM.
  • Promotes financial independence: Focuses on fostering entrepreneurship and improving the financial standing of women.
  • Expands credit outreach to individual SHG members to promote self-reliance and economic stability.
• Goal of the Scheme:
  • To create sustainable income opportunities for women by encouraging entrepreneurship and supporting self-help group members.

Important Terms Explained:

• Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM):
  • A government initiative aimed at creating sustainable livelihoods for rural poor by enhancing self-employment opportunities through SHGs.
• Lakhpati Didi Yojana:
  • A scheme under the Ministry of Rural Development designed to uplift women’s income to at least ₹1 lakh per year by promoting self-employment and financial stability.

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs October 19 & 20

7. Which organization granted Jio Payments Bank the mutual funds distribution licence?
A) SEBI
B) RBI
C) Amfi
D) IRDAI
E) BSE
Answer: C) Amfi

Event and Location:

• Event: Jio Payments Bank received a mutual funds distribution licence.
• Issuing Authority: Association of Mutual Funds in India (Amfi)
• Licence Type: Category 1 Execution-only Platform (EOP)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Licence:
  • Allows Jio Payments Bank to distribute direct plans of mutual fund (MF) schemes.
  • Category 1 EOPs receive transaction charges from fund houses, with fees capped at ₹2 per transaction.
  • Aimed at expanding the financial services offering under Jio Financial Services, including asset and wealth management.
• Business Strategy and Expansion:
  • Jio Financial increased its stake in Jio Payments Bank from 78.95% to 82.17% with an investment of ₹68 crore.
  • Wealth Management Joint Venture: Formed with BlackRock to establish a wealth management and broking business. This venture, named Jio BlackRock Investment Advisers, focuses on investment advisory services.
  • The joint venture received in-principle approval from SEBI to enter the mutual fund business.
• Current Landscape:
  • The direct plan distribution market is led by stock brokers like Groww and Zerodha.
  • There are currently 15 Category 1 EOPs registered with Amfi.

Important Terms Explained:

• Amfi (Association of Mutual Funds in India):
  • A regulatory body for the mutual fund industry in India, responsible for maintaining standards and enhancing transparency in mutual fund distribution.

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs October 19 & 20

8. Who has been appointed as the CEO of Acko Life in 2024?
A) Piyush Shukla
B) Sanjay Kumar
C) Amit Goel
D) Sandip Goenka
E) Rajesh Singh
Answer: D) Sandip Goenka

Event and Location:

• Event: Appointment of Sandip Goenka as CEO of Acko Life
• Company: Acko, an insurtech firm based in Bengaluru
• Date of Announcement: October 19, 2024

Mandates and Objectives:

• Role of Sandip Goenka:
  • Appointed as CEO of Acko Life, the newly launched life insurance division of Acko.
  • As a founding member of Acko Life, Goenka is entrusted with developing product offerings, ensuring operational efficiency, and achieving long-term growth.
• Professional Background:
  • Goenka brings over two decades of experience in life, health, and general insurance, with leadership roles in firms such as Exide Life, TATA AIA, and EY.
  • Holds expertise in actuarial sciences, M&A, cross-cultural business management, and has an educational background from Columbia Business School.
• Key Focus Areas for Acko Life:
  • Product Strategy: Develop innovative, customer-centric products using a Direct-to-Consumer (D2C) model.
  • Operational Efficiency: Focus on financial performance, corporate governance, and investor relations to solidify the company’s growth strategy.

Important Terms Explained:

• D2C Model (Direct-to-Consumer):
  • A business model where companies sell products directly to customers, eliminating intermediaries. This model allows companies like Acko Life to offer personalized insurance solutions at competitive rates.

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9. Who has been appointed as the 9th Chairperson of the National Commission for Women (NCW)?
A) Smt. Maneka Gandhi
B) Smt. Rekha Sharma
C) Dr. Archana Majumdar
D) Smt. Vijaya Kishore Rahatkar
E) Smt. Smriti Irani
Answer: D) Smt. Vijaya Kishore Rahatkar

Event and Location:

• Event: Appointment of Smt. Vijaya Kishore Rahatkar as the 9th Chairperson of the National Commission for Women (NCW)
• Date of Announcement: 19 October 2024
• Location: Delhi, India

Mandates and Objectives:

• Smt. Vijaya Kishore Rahatkar’s Experience:
  • Former Chairperson of the Maharashtra State Commission for Women (2016-2021)
  • Launched initiatives like:
    • Sakshama: Support for acid attack survivors
    • Prajwala: Linking self-help groups to central government schemes
    • Suhita: 24×7 helpline for women
  • Focused on legal reforms, including measures against POCSO violations, triple talaq, and human trafficking.
• Notable Achievements and Roles:
  • Former Mayor of Chatrapati Sambhajinagar (2007-2010), where she led developmental projects in healthcare and infrastructure.
  • Published notable works such as ‘Vidhilikhit’ (on women’s legal issues) and ‘Aurangabad: Leading to Wide Roads’.
  • Recipient of National Law Award and Savitribai Phule Award.
• Dr. Archana Majumdar’s Appointment:
  • Appointed as a Member of the NCW, bringing additional expertise to the commission.

Important Terms Explained:

• POCSO (Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act):
  • A law enacted to protect children from sexual abuse and exploitation, setting stringent penalties for offenders.

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs October 19 & 20

10. Who was recently honored with the National Kishore Kumar Award 2023?
A) Amitabh Bachchan
B) Manoj Kumar
C) Rajkumar Hirani
D) Shatrughan Sinha
E) Vijay Shah
Answer: C) Rajkumar Hirani

Event and Location:

• Award Ceremony: National Kishore Kumar Award 2023
• Honored Personality: Director Rajkumar Hirani
• Awarded by: Madhya Pradesh Government
• Date and Location: October 13, 2023, at Khandwa, the birthplace of Kishore Kumar
• Occasion: Held on the 37th death anniversary of Kishore Kumar

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Award:
  • To honor significant contributions to the Hindi film industry.
• Honoree’s Contribution:
  • Rajkumar Hirani is recognized for his notable films such as Munna Bhai MBBS, 3 Idiots, PK, and more.
  • The award was presented for his excellence in scriptwriting by Tribal Affairs Minister Vijay Shah.
• Key Highlights:
  • Kishore Night: A musical tribute by singer Neeraj Shridhar and his team was held in memory of Kishore Kumar.
  • Hirani reminisced about his days as a young fan in Mumbai and offered a tribute at Kishore Kumar’s memorial by serving milk and jalebi, inspired by Kishore Kumar’s famous lyrics about his hometown Khandwa.
• Notable Recipients: Hirani became the 27th recipient of the award, joining the ranks of legends like Amitabh Bachchan, Manoj Kumar, Dilip Kumar, Dharmendra, and Shatrughan Sinha.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Kishore Kumar Award:
  • A prestigious award given annually by the Government of Madhya Pradesh to honor individuals for their contributions to cinema.
  • Established in the memory of the legendary artist Kishore Kumar, focusing on film direction, music, and overall contributions to the film industry.

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11. Who received a special Humanitarian Award at the Conscious Companies Awards Event in 2024?
A) Nelson Mandela
B) Mohanji
C) Desmond Tutu
D) Malala Yousafzai
E) Kofi Annan
Answer: B) Mohanji

Event and Location:

• Award Event: Conscious Companies Awards
• Date: 19th September 2024
• Location: Johannesburg, South Africa
• Awardee: Mohanji

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Award:
  • To honor visionary and ethical leaders committed to creating conscious leadership and ethical practices in their organizations.
• Mohanji’s Contributions:
  • Recognized for global humanitarian work focusing on spreading compassion, kindness, and non-violence.
  • His teachings, such as the core message of “Be You”, have inspired thousands in 90+ countries to adopt a conscious lifestyle that respects all beings and the environment.
• Organizer’s Remarks:
  • Brenda Kali, founder of Conscious Companies, introduced Mohanji as a genuine spiritual and humanitarian guide whom she had sought for years.
  • A short video presentation highlighted Mohanji’s life milestones and the impact of his various organizations and movements.
• Mohanji’s Speech Highlights:
  • Emphasized the importance of utilizing one’s “effective years” to make a positive impact.
  • Stressed the value of contentment as a lifetime achievement, which stems from clarity of purpose.

Important Terms Explained:

• Conscious Companies Awards:
  • A prestigious annual event that recognizes leaders and organizations dedicated to conscious and ethical leadership. These leaders focus on aligning people, profit, and purpose to benefit all stakeholders.

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12. Who received the India Lifetime Achievement Award at the Chiratae Ventures Patrick J. McGovern Awards 2024?
A) Ratan Tata
B) Abhinav Asthana
C) Narayana Murthy
D) N. Chandrasekaran
E) Sundar Pichai
Answer: C) Narayana Murthy

Event and Location:

• Award Event: Chiratae Ventures Patrick J. McGovern Awards 2024
• Founded: 2016 to commemorate Patrick J. McGovern, anchor investor in Chiratae’s first fund and founder of International Data Group (IDG).
• Recognitions: Celebrates achievements in technology and entrepreneurship.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Awards:
  • To honor outstanding contributions in entrepreneurship and technology.
• Awardees of 2024:
  • Narayana Murthy: Founder of Infosys Limited received the India Lifetime Achievement Award for his significant contributions to the Indian IT industry.
  • Shantanu Narayen: Chair and CEO of Adobe received the Global Lifetime Achievement Award for his impact on the global tech landscape.
  • Abhinav Asthana: CEO and Founder of Postman, awarded the Exceptional Entrepreneurial Achievement Award for his innovation in software development tools.

Important Terms Explained:

• Chiratae Ventures:
  • An 18-year-old global technology venture capital fund focused on investing in early-stage companies in technology, healthcare, and consumer media.

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs October 19 & 20

13. What was the name of the coastal security exercise conducted by the Indian Coast Guard in October 2024?
A) Operation Sea Shield
B) Exercise Varuna
C) Sagar Kavach
D) Exercise Trident
E) Coastal Sentinels
Answer: C) Sagar Kavach

Event and Location:

• Exercise Name: Sagar Kavach
• Dates: October 16-17, 2024
• Location: Gujarat and Union Territory of Daman & Diu
• Coordinator: Indian Coast Guard Regional Headquarters, Gandhinagar

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of Exercise:
  • To enhance maritime and coastal security preparedness by simulating various scenarios.
  • To validate and improve the existing Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for coastal security.
• Key Participants:
  • Indian Navy, State Police, Marine Police, Border Security Force (BSF), National Security Guard (NSG), Gujarat Maritime Board (GMB), Intelligence Bureau (IB), and port authorities.
• Assets Used:
  • Ships and boats from the Indian Coast Guard, Indian Navy, and Marine Police.
  • Aerial surveillance using Coast Guard aircraft and drones to monitor coastal security.
• Key Features:
  • The second edition of Sagar Kavach for the year.
  • Multiple operational scenarios simulated to test coordination and effectiveness among various participating agencies.

Important Terms Explained:

• SOPs (Standard Operating Procedures):
  • A set of guidelines and protocols followed by agencies to ensure consistency and efficiency in operations. Validating these procedures is crucial to maintain security preparedness.

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs October 19 & 20

14. Which country recently signed an Audio-Visual Co-Production Agreement with India?
A) Italy
B) United Kingdom
C) Colombia
D) Canada
E) France
Answer: C) Colombia

Event and Location:

• Event: Signing of the Audio-Visual Co-Production Agreement between India and Colombia
• Date: 15 October 2024
• Location: PIB Delhi

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Agreement:
  • To provide a platform for collaboration between Indian and Colombian film producers in various aspects of film production.
  • Strengthen cultural and cooperative ties between both countries and promote art, culture, and economic relations.
  • Enhance India’s ‘Soft Power’ by showcasing Indian locations and talent to the world.
• Key Benefits of the Agreement:
  • Pooling of resources (creative, artistic, technical, financial, and marketing) between the two countries’ film industries.
  • Provides government financial aid, tax concessions, and domestic television broadcast quotas to film projects under this agreement.
  • Encourages foreign productions in India by offering incentives like a 30% cost reimbursement for official co-productions, with a maximum incentive of ₹300 million.
  • Additional bonuses of 5% can be availed for showcasing significant Indian content and employing Indian manpower.
• Significance:
  • Colombia becomes the 17th country to sign an Audio-Visual Co-Production Agreement with India, joining countries such as Italy, Germany, Brazil, UK, France, and Australia.
  • The agreement opens avenues for cross-cultural exchange and transparency in film funding.
• Upcoming Events:
  • International Film Festival of India (IFFI): To be hosted in Goa from 20th November 2024.
  • World Audio Visual & Entertainment Summit (WAVES): Scheduled for February 2025, to discuss the future of cinema, media, and entertainment.

Important Terms Explained:

• Soft Power:
  • Refers to a country’s ability to influence others through cultural or ideological appeal rather than military or economic pressure.

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15. Which country is set to sign a labour mobility and skill recognition pact with India in 2024?
A) Canada
B) United States
C) France
D) Germany
E) Japan
Answer: D) Germany

Event and Location:

• Event: Signing of a Labour Mobility and Skill Recognition Pact
• Countries Involved: India and Germany
• Date of Signing: Next Week (October 2024)
• Location: India, during the visit of German Chancellor Olaf Scholz

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Pact:
  • Facilitate movement of skilled workers from India to Germany, and recognize skills between the two countries.
  • Help Indian professionals enter non-traditional sectors like teaching, nursing, and manufacturing in Germany.
• Background and Framework:
  • This pact will be the first under the G20 “Skills-based migration pathways” framework, which aims to expand job opportunities for skilled professionals.
  • The framework was agreed upon by G20 members during the New Delhi meeting in 2023, recognizing the mutual benefits of integrated skill-based migration pathways.
• Significance for Both Nations:
  • India: Benefits from a demographic dividend and a skilled workforce.
  • Germany: Faces a falling working-age population and a relatively untrained workforce in new and emerging technologies.
  • The pact is expected to boost labour mobility, formalize the workforce, and enhance certification of skills.
  • A digital visa will be introduced by the end of 2024, with job fairs held in Indian institutions to facilitate smooth migration.

Key Highlights:

• Language and Safety Collaboration: Courses to bridge the language barrier and collaboration on occupational safety and social security.
• Growth of Indian Skilled Workers in Germany: Estimated 137,000 Indian skilled workers in Germany, with the number expected to grow.
• Strategic Importance: Comes amid diplomatic challenges with Canada and rising anti-migrant rhetoric in the United States.

Important Terms Explained:

• Skills-based Migration Pathways:
  • A G20 initiative to create frameworks for migration based on skill recognition and employment opportunities, expanding job avenues globally.

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs October 19 & 20

16. With which entity did MOIL sign a draft joint venture agreement in October 2024?
A) Tata Steel
B) SAIL
C) MP State Mining Corporation
D) Vedanta Limited
E) NMDC
Answer: C) MP State Mining Corporation

Event and Location:

• Event: Signing of a draft Joint Venture Agreement
• Date: 19 October 2024
• Location: MP Mining Conclave’24, Bhopal
• Entities Involved: MOIL and Madhya Pradesh State Mining Corporation Limited (MPSMCL)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Joint Venture:
  • To advance manganese ore mining and undertake value-addition projects in Madhya Pradesh.
  • MOIL’s Shareholding: 51%, and MPSMCL’s Shareholding: 49% in the JV Company.
  • This collaboration aims to harness the rich manganese ore reserves in the state, driving economic growth and creating employment opportunities in line with the Atma Nirbhar Bharat vision.
• Significance of the Collaboration:
  • Madhya Pradesh has rich manganese reserves, and this partnership will help in better exploitation and value addition of these resources.
  • It is expected to boost the state’s economy and contribute to self-reliance in mineral resources.
• Key Personalities Present at the Signing Ceremony:
  • Dr. Mohan Yadav, Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh
  • Mr. Sanjay Shukla, Principal Secretary, Government of Madhya Pradesh
  • Shri Ajit Kumar Saxena, CMD MOIL
  • Shri M. M. Abdulla, Director (Production and Planning) MOIL

Important Terms Explained:

• Manganese Ore:
  • A vital mineral used in the production of steel and various alloys. The enhancement of mining capabilities for this mineral is crucial for India’s industrial growth.

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17. Who inaugurated the 21st Divya Kala Mela in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh?
A) Shri Ashok Rohani
B) Dr. Virendra Kumar
C) Shri Narayan Das Kushwaha
D) Shri Rajeev Sharma
E) Shri Naveen Shah
Answer: B) Dr. Virendra Kumar

Event and Location:

• Event: 21st Divya Kala Mela
• Date: 17th to 27th October 2024
• Location: Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh
• Inaugurated By: Union Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment, Dr. Virendra Kumar

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of Divya Kala Mela:
  • A fair dedicated to the economic empowerment of persons with disabilities (PwDs).
  • Provides a platform for Divyang entrepreneurs to showcase and sell their products, supporting the ‘Vocal for Local’ initiative led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
  • Focuses on self-reliance, business opportunities, and showcasing talents through cultural programs.
• Success and Impact of Previous Editions:
  • Since its inception in 2022, 20 editions of the Mela have generated over ₹15 crore in income for participating Divyangjans.
  • Facilitated loans worth over ₹12 crore for differently-abled entrepreneurs, promoting a culture of entrepreneurship.
  • Special focus on distributing loans and essential aids like hearing aids and mobility devices.
• Special Initiatives and Announcements:
  • A special job fair for PwDs to be held on 25th October 2024, aimed at providing new employment avenues.
  • Loan distribution of ₹1.21 crore by Madhya Pradesh Gramin Bank, Union Bank, and IDBI Bank during this event to further support Divyangjan entrepreneurs.
  • ‘Divya Kala Shakti’ Cultural Programme: A showcase of talents of Divyang artists, adding a festive and celebratory atmosphere to the Mela.
• Key Dignitaries at the Event:
  • Dr. Virendra Kumar, Union Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment
  • Shri Narayan Das Kushwaha, Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment, Madhya Pradesh
  • Shri Ashok Rohani, MLA of Jabalpur
  • Shri Rajeev Sharma, Joint Secretary, DEPwD
  • Shri Naveen Shah, Managing Director, NDFDC

Important Terms Explained:

• Divya Kala Mela:
  • A national-level initiative to provide a platform for differently-abled individuals to showcase their products and talents, while encouraging self-reliance through entrepreneurship.

Static GK Information:

Tabular Summary:

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18. Who inaugurated the conference on “Latest Emerging Trends and Technologies in Road and Bridge Construction” in Bhopal?
A) Dr. Mohan Yadav
B) Shri Piyush Goyal
C) Shri Nitin Gadkari
D) Shri Sarbananda Sonowal
E) Shri Dharmendra Pradhan
Answer: C) Shri Nitin Gadkari

Event and Location:

• Event: Two-Day Conference on Latest Emerging Trends and Technologies in Road and Bridge Construction
• Location: Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
• Date: 19 October 2024

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Conference:
  • To discuss innovative technologies and materials in road and bridge construction, aiming to improve infrastructure quality.
  • The conference, organized by the Madhya Pradesh Public Works Department and Indian Road Congress, brings together experts to deliberate on emerging trends and challenges in the sector.
• Key Highlights of the Inaugural Session:
  • Union Minister for Road Transport and Highways, Shri Nitin Gadkari:
    • Highlighted the role of infrastructure as key to national development.
    • Stressed on the significance of an improved transport system in boosting economic growth and creating employment opportunities.
    • Emphasized the importance of quality control, road safety, environmental protection, and solving on-ground challenges through collective efforts.
    • Advocated for a “waste to wealth” policy in rural road construction to utilize waste materials, achieving financial and environmental benefits.
• Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister, Dr. Mohan Yadav’s Remarks:
  • Acknowledged that the conference would bring momentum to the state’s infrastructure development.
• Event Features:
  • Technical Sessions: Experts discussed innovative construction technologies, materials, and challenges in the EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) agreement process.
  • Exhibition: Showcased latest machinery and technologies used in road and bridge construction.

Important Terms Explained:

• EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction):
  • A contract model in construction projects where the contractor undertakes the engineering, procurement, and construction work, providing a complete solution.

Static GK Information:

Tabular Summary:

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19. Which company launched sustainable initiatives as part of Special Campaign 4.0 in October 2024?
A) NTPC Limited
B) Northern Coalfields Limited
C) Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
D) Oil and Natural Gas Corporation
E) Steel Authority of India Limited
Answer: B) Northern Coalfields Limited

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Sustainable Initiatives under Special Campaign 4.0
• Date: 19 October 2024
• Organized by: Northern Coalfields Limited (NCL), a subsidiary of Coal India Limited

Mandates and Objectives:

• Focus Areas of NCL’s Initiatives:
  • Renewable Energy Projects:
    • Installed a 480 kW rooftop solar plant at its Jayant project.
    • Expanding solar capacity with a 1.3 MW rooftop solar system in the IWSS Khadia, Bina, and Kakri areas.
  • Health and Hygiene Initiatives:
    • Installed Sanitary Napkin Vending and Disposal Machines in four schools, benefiting around 1,850 female students in the Singrauli region.
  • Waste Management:
    • Launched a “Waste to Wealth” initiative to create vermicompost beds using cow dung and organic waste in Birkunia and Khirwa villages.
    • Aims to promote sustainable agriculture and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers.
• Key Goals of the Campaign:
  • Focus on cleanliness, with 69 sites identified for cleaning and beautification, and 23 sites completed.
  • Scrap disposal: Successfully disposed of 1,661 MT of scrap materials.
  • Efficient Record Management: Transferred 400 old files to record rooms and reviewed 3,729 e-files and 207 physical files.
  • Public Grievance Redressal: Resolved 30 out of 37 grievances received during the campaign.
• Significance:
  • These initiatives align with NCL’s commitment to a cleaner and greener future, supporting environmental sustainability, and promoting community welfare.

Important Terms Explained:

• Vermicomposting:
  • An eco-friendly practice of converting organic waste into nutrient-rich compost using earthworms, helping improve soil quality and promoting sustainable agriculture.

Static GK Information:

Tabular Summary:

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20. Who launched the ‘Karmayogi Saptah’ – National Learning Week in October 2024?
A) Shri Amit Shah
B) Shri Rajnath Singh
C) Shri Nitin Gadkari
D) Shri Narendra Modi
E) Shri Dharmendra Pradhan
Answer: D) Shri Narendra Modi

Event and Location:

• Event: Karmayogi Saptah – National Learning Week
• Date: 19 October 2024
• Location: Dr. Ambedkar International Centre, New Delhi
• Launched By: Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of Karmayogi Saptah:
  • Part of Mission Karmayogi aimed at building a future-ready civil service.
  • Provides an opportunity for civil servants to enhance learning and innovation, with the goal of achieving Viksit Bharat (Developed India) by 2047.
• Key Highlights of the Prime Minister’s Address:
  • Human Resource Development: Focus on creating a driving force for the country’s progress through capacity building of civil servants.
  • Dual Role of AI: Emphasized on Artificial Intelligence and Aspirational India as two key aspects to be balanced. Successful use of AI to benefit Aspirational India can bring transformative change.
  • Information Equality: Due to the digital revolution, citizens have greater access to information and are more informed, leading to higher accountability for government activities.
  • Innovative Thinking and Citizen-Centric Approach: Urged departments to seek new ideas from startups, research agencies, and youngsters and implement feedback mechanisms.
• iGOT Platform’s Role:
  • Over 40 lakh government employees registered on iGOT with 1.5 crore certificates of course completion.
  • iGOT (Integrated Government Online Training) Platform: Provides more than 1400 courses for civil servants.
• Strengthening Training Institutions:
  • Highlighted the need for partnerships among Civil Services Training Institutions, encouraging them to establish communication channels, share best practices, and adopt a whole-of-government approach.

Important Terms Explained:

• Mission Karmayogi:
  • A national program launched in September 2020 for the capacity building of civil servants, envisioning a future-ready civil service rooted in Indian ethos with a global perspective.

Static GK Information:

Tabular Summary:

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Over All Review

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