Daily Current Affairs July 23

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July 23 | Daily Current Affairs 2026

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs July 23

1. On which date was India’s first official radio broadcast made by the Indian Broadcasting Company in Bombay?
A) 23 July 1923
B) 23 July 1927
C) 1 April 1930
D) 8 June 1936
E) 23 July 1977
Answer: B) 23 July 1927.

Event and Location:

• Event: National Broadcasting Day 2026 commemorated India’s broadcasting journey from its first official radio transmission to modern digital audio platforms.
• Location: The observance covered India, while the first official radio broadcast took place in Bombay, now Mumbai.
• Date: National Broadcasting Day was observed on 23 July 2026, marking the anniversary of the first official broadcast on 23 July 1927.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The observance highlighted major milestones in Indian broadcasting, including the establishment of All India Radio, the introduction of FM radio and the expansion of digital audio services.
• Objectives: It aimed to recognise the contribution of broadcasters and communication professionals while emphasising the role of audio media in news, education, culture, disaster communication and public awareness.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Broadcasting Day: It is observed annually on 23 July to commemorate India’s first official radio broadcast made by the Indian Broadcasting Company in Bombay in 1927.
• All India Radio: It is India’s public service radio broadcaster, established under its present name on 8 June 1936 and popularly known as Akashvani since 1957.
• FM Broadcasting: Frequency Modulation broadcasting provides clearer sound quality and supports music-based, entertainment-oriented and city-specific radio programmes.
• Digital Audio Broadcasting: It refers to the delivery of audio content through internet radio, podcasts, streaming platforms, mobile applications, smart speakers and on-demand services.

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2. Which organisation did Bal Gangadhar Tilak establish with Annie Besant in 1916?
A) Servants of India Society
B) Indian National Army
C) All India Home Rule League
D) Swaraj Party
E) Ghadar Party
Answer: C) All India Home Rule League.

Event and Location:

• Event: Lokmanya Tilak Jayanti 2026 commemorated the 170th birth anniversary of freedom fighter Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
• Location: The birth anniversary was observed across India, with Tilak’s major educational, journalistic and political activities centred in Pune, Maharashtra.
• Date: Lokmanya Tilak Jayanti was observed on 23 July 2026.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The observance highlighted Tilak’s role in the freedom movement, national education, journalism, the Home Rule Movement, Swadeshi and public cultural celebrations.
• Objectives: It aimed to honour Tilak’s contribution to popularising the demand for Swaraj and mobilising Indians against British colonial rule.

Important Terms Explained:

• Lokmanya: It is a title meaning “respected by the people” and was conferred on Bal Gangadhar Tilak by the public.
• Swaraj: It means self-rule and became a central political demand of the Indian freedom movement through Tilak’s declaration that Swaraj was his birthright.
• All India Home Rule League: It was established in 1916 by Tilak in association with Annie Besant to demand self-government for India within the British Empire.
• Swadeshi: It was a nationalist principle promoting Indian-made goods and encouraging the boycott of foreign products.
• Lal-Bal-Pal: It referred to the nationalist trio of Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal, who represented the assertive wing of the Indian National Congress.

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Ranking – Daily Current Affairs July 23

3. What percentage of India’s broad-gauge railway network has been electrified?
A) 96.1%
B) 97.9%
C) 98.7%
D) 99.6%
E) 100%
Answer: D) 99.6%.

Event and Location:

• Event: India achieved 99.6% electrification of its broad-gauge railway network, becoming the world’s second most electrified rail network after Switzerland.
• Location: The achievement covers the broad-gauge railway network operated by Indian Railways across India.
• Date: The Ministry of Railways reported the milestone on 22 July 2026.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Indian Railways accelerated route electrification, adopted electrification for new railway lines and multi-tracking projects, reduced diesel use and expanded renewable-energy capacity.
• Objectives: The programme aims to modernise railway infrastructure, lower greenhouse-gas emissions, reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels and support India’s clean-energy transition.

Important Terms Explained:

• Railway Electrification: It is the conversion of railway routes from diesel-based traction to electric traction through overhead or other electrical power systems.
• Broad Gauge: It is a railway track gauge measuring 1,676 millimetres between the inner sides of the rails and forms the principal rail network in India.
• Greenhouse-Gas Emissions: These are emissions, including carbon dioxide, that trap heat in the atmosphere and contribute to climate change.
• Renewable Energy: It is energy generated from naturally replenishing sources such as solar and wind power.
• Net Zero: It refers to balancing greenhouse-gas emissions released into the atmosphere with emissions removed or avoided.

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs July 23

4. Which committee approved the appointment of Anurag Jain as CEO of NITI Aayog?
A) Economic Affairs Committee
B) Appointments Committee of the Cabinet
C) Public Accounts Committee
D) Finance Commission
E) Union Public Service Commission
Answer: B) Appointments Committee of the Cabinet.

Event and Location:

• Event: The Central Government appointed IAS officer Anurag Jain as the new Chief Executive Officer of NITI Aayog.
• Location: The appointment applies to NITI Aayog, the Government of India’s policy think tank based in New Delhi.
• Date: The appointment was reported on 23 July 2026 and will take effect from the date Anurag Jain assumes office.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet approved the appointment, while the Department of Personnel and Training issued the formal order for a tenure of two years, subject to the approved extension of service or further orders.
• Objectives: The appointment aims to strengthen policy formulation, reform implementation and institutional coordination in support of India’s Viksit Bharat@2047 vision.

Important Terms Explained:

• Appointments Committee of the Cabinet: It is a high-level Union Government committee that approves appointments to important positions in the Central Government and public institutions.
• Department of Personnel and Training: It is the Central Government department responsible for personnel policy, administrative reforms and service-related matters concerning government employees.
• Viksit Bharat@2047: It is India’s national vision of becoming a developed country by 2047, the centenary year of independence.
• Investment Friendliness Index 2026: It is an index released by NITI Aayog to assess Indian states according to the quality of their investment ecosystems across multiple indicators and policy pillars.

Tabular Summary:

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5. Who assumed the additional charge of Chairman and Managing Director of IRCTC in July 2026?
A) Sanjay Kumar Jain
B) Rahul Himalian
C) Ashwini Vaishnaw
D) Satish Kumar
E) Jaya Varma Sinha
Answer: B) Rahul Himalian.

Event and Location:

• Event: Rahul Himalian assumed the additional charge of Chairman and Managing Director of the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation following the resignation of Sanjay Kumar Jain.
• Location: The appointment applies to IRCTC, a public sector enterprise functioning under the Ministry of Railways in India.
• Date: Rahul Himalian assumed the additional charge on 20 July 2026.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Rahul Himalian will perform the responsibilities of Chairman and Managing Director while continuing to serve as Director of Tourism and Marketing at IRCTC.
• Objectives: The appointment aims to ensure continuity in leadership and maintain effective oversight of IRCTC’s tourism, catering, ticketing, marketing and administrative operations.

Important Terms Explained:

• Indian Railway Traffic Service: It is a Group A civil service responsible for managing railway operations, commercial activities, transportation and traffic administration.
• Additional Charge: It is a temporary administrative arrangement in which an official performs the duties of another position along with existing responsibilities.
• Miniratna Status: It is a status granted by the Government of India to eligible public sector enterprises, providing them with greater financial and operational autonomy.
• Rail Neer: It is the packaged drinking water brand manufactured and supplied by IRCTC for railway passengers and other consumers.

Tabular Summary:

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs July 23

6. Who was selected for the Lokmanya Tilak National Award 2026 for contributions to India’s national security?
A) Rajnath Singh
B) Ajit Doval
C) Amit Shah
D) Devendra Fadnavis
E) Eknath Shinde
Answer: B) Ajit Doval.

Event and Location:

• Event: National Security Advisor Ajit Doval was selected for the Lokmanya Tilak National Award 2026 for strengthening India’s national security framework.
• Location: The award ceremony will be held at Maharashtra Mandal Ground in Pune, Maharashtra.
• Date: The selection was announced on 21 July 2026, while the award ceremony is scheduled for 1 August 2026.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Tilak Smarak Trust will confer the award on Ajit Doval, with Union Home Minister Amit Shah scheduled to present it during the ceremony in Pune.
• Objectives: The award recognises Doval’s contributions to intelligence coordination, counter-terrorism, strategic security management and the protection of India’s national interests.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Security Advisor: The National Security Advisor is the senior official who advises the Prime Minister and the Government of India on national security, intelligence and strategic affairs.
• Tilak Smarak Trust: It is the organisation that presents the annual Lokmanya Tilak National Award in memory of freedom fighter Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
• Counter-terrorism: It refers to policies, intelligence operations and security measures undertaken to prevent and respond to terrorist threats.
• Strategic Security Management: It involves the planning and coordination of long-term measures to protect a country’s defence, intelligence and national interests.

Tabular Summary:

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs July 23

7. INS Malvan belongs to which class of Indian Navy vessels?
A) Nilgiri-class frigate
B) Kalvari-class submarine
C) Mahe-class ASW-SWC
D) Visakhapatnam-class destroyer
E) Saryu-class patrol vessel
Answer: C) Mahe-class ASW-SWC.

Event and Location:

• Event: The Indian Navy commissioned INS Malvan, the second Mahe-class Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft, with more than 80% indigenous content.
• Location: The commissioning ceremony was held at Karwar Naval Base in Karnataka.
• Date: INS Malvan joined the Indian Navy on 22 July 2026.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The vessel will conduct anti-submarine warfare, underwater surveillance, mine warfare, low-intensity maritime operations and coastal-security missions in shallow waters.
• Objectives: Its induction aims to strengthen India’s coastal defence, maritime domain awareness and indigenous naval shipbuilding capabilities under Aatmanirbhar Bharat.

Important Terms Explained:

• Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft: It is a specialised naval vessel designed to detect, track and counter submarines operating in coastal and shallow-water regions.
• Aatmanirbhar Bharat: It is the Government of India’s initiative to promote domestic manufacturing, technological capability and self-reliance in strategic sectors.
• Maritime Domain Awareness: It refers to the effective understanding and monitoring of activities, threats and developments within the maritime environment.
• Indigenous Content: It represents the proportion of a vessel’s systems, equipment and components that are designed or manufactured within India.

Tabular Summary:

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Schemes – Daily Current Affairs July 23

8. What is the maximum government subsidy available under the Mini Nandi Farmer Prosperity Scheme?
A) ₹5.90 lakh
B) ₹8.50 lakh
C) ₹10.00 lakh
D) ₹11.80 lakh
E) ₹23.60 lakh
Answer: D) ₹11.80 lakh.

Event and Location:

• Event: The Mini Nandi Farmer Prosperity Scheme provides financial assistance for establishing scientific dairy units with 10 high-yielding indigenous cows.
• Location: The scheme covers all districts of the implementing state, although the state’s name is not specified in the article.
• Date: The scheme details were reported on 23 July 2026.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Eligible beneficiaries can establish a dairy unit costing ₹23.60 lakh through a 50% government subsidy, a 15% beneficiary contribution and a 35% bank loan.
• Objectives: The scheme aims to increase farmers’ income, improve milk production, conserve indigenous cattle breeds, strengthen rural dairy infrastructure, generate self-employment and ensure that at least 50% of beneficiaries are women.

Important Terms Explained:

• Mini Nandi Farmer Prosperity Scheme: It is a dairy development initiative that supports farmers in establishing modern 10-cow dairy units using high-yielding indigenous breeds.
• Direct Benefit Transfer: It is a system under which government financial assistance is transferred directly into the beneficiary’s bank account.
• Indigenous Cattle Breeds: These are native Indian cattle breeds, such as Gir, Sahiwal and Tharparkar, known for adaptability, disease resistance and milk-production potential.
• Lactation Period: It is the period during which a cow produces milk after giving birth, and eligible cows under the scheme must be in their first or second lactation.
• Electronic Lottery: It is a digital selection process used when the number of eligible applicants exceeds the available beneficiary slots.

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs July 23

9. Which certification is mandatory before applying for a new CSC ID under the 2026 registration process?
A) Digital Literacy Certificate
B) Telecentre Entrepreneur Course
C) Banking Correspondent Certificate
D) Aadhaar Operator Certificate
E) Rural Development Course
Answer: B) Telecentre Entrepreneur Course.

Event and Location:

• Event: The Common Service Centre Registration 2026 process enables eligible applicants to establish digital service centres and operate them as Village Level Entrepreneurs.
• Location: The scheme covers rural and semi-urban areas across India.
• Date: The registration guidelines were reported on 23 July 2026.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Applicants must complete the Telecentre Entrepreneur Course, submit an online application through the official CSC portal, upload the required documents and undergo verification by the District Manager.
• Objectives: The scheme aims to promote self-employment, improve digital inclusion and provide government, banking, financial and public welfare services to citizens through local service centres.

Important Terms Explained:

• Common Service Centre: It is a digital service-delivery centre established under the Digital India programme to provide government and private services to citizens.
• Village Level Entrepreneur: A VLE is an authorised operator who manages a CSC and earns commissions by delivering approved digital services.
• CSC 4.0: It refers to the upgraded CSC framework that uses improved digital infrastructure and connectivity to expand service delivery in remote areas.
• BharatNet: It is a government-supported broadband connectivity initiative designed to provide high-speed internet access to rural areas.
• Telecentre Entrepreneur Course: It is a mandatory certification programme that applicants must complete before applying for a new CSC ID.

Tabular Summary:

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10. Which village has become Tamil Nadu’s first Climate-Resilient Village?
A) Killai
B) Mahabalipuram
C) Rameswaram
D) Nagapattinam
E) Kanyakumari
Answer: A) Killai.

Event and Location:

• Event: Killai was recognised as Tamil Nadu’s first Climate-Resilient Village for adopting community-based climate adaptation and disaster-preparedness measures.
• Location: Killai is located in Cuddalore district near the Pichavaram Mangrove Forest in Tamil Nadu.
• Date: The recognition was reported on 23 July 2026.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The village model integrates scientific planning, ecosystem conservation, resilient infrastructure, sustainable water management, livelihood diversification and community participation.
• Objectives: The initiative aims to reduce vulnerability to cyclones, floods, coastal erosion, rising sea levels and saltwater intrusion while protecting livelihoods and promoting sustainable development.

Important Terms Explained:

• Climate Resilience: It is the capacity of a community to prepare for, adapt to, recover from and reduce the adverse effects of climate change.
• Nature-Based Solutions: These are measures that protect, restore or sustainably manage natural ecosystems to address environmental and climate-related challenges.
• Climate-Smart Livelihoods: These are income-generating activities designed to remain sustainable and less vulnerable to climate-related risks.
• Saltwater Intrusion: It is the movement of seawater into freshwater sources, particularly groundwater, making the water saline and unsuitable for many uses.

Tabular Summary:

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11. What was the name of India’s first tri-service all-women circumnavigation sailing expedition?
A) Sagar Parikrama
B) Samudra Shakti
C) Samudra Pradakshina
D) Nari Sagar Yatra
E) Triveni Abhiyan
Answer: C) Samudra Pradakshina.

Event and Location:

• Event: Samudra Pradakshina, India’s first tri-service all-women circumnavigation sailing expedition, was successfully completed by nine women officers aboard IASV Triveni.
• Location: Defence Minister Rajnath Singh welcomed the expedition team in Mumbai after its global voyage across four oceans.
• Date: The expedition began on 11 September 2025 and concluded on 22 July 2026 after 314 days.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Nine women officers from the Indian Army, Indian Navy and Indian Air Force sailed approximately 25,500 nautical miles aboard the 50-foot IASV Triveni.
• Objectives: The mission aimed to demonstrate India’s maritime capability, promote tri-service cooperation, highlight women’s leadership in the Armed Forces and showcase indigenous maritime technology.

Important Terms Explained:

• Circumnavigation: It is a complete journey around the Earth involving the crossing of all meridians of longitude and major geographic reference lines.
• IASV Triveni: It is the 50-foot Indian Army Sailing Vessel used by the nine-member women officers’ team for the global expedition.
• Aatmanirbhar Bharat: It is India’s vision of strengthening domestic capabilities, technological self-reliance and indigenous production across strategic sectors.
• Nari Shakti: It refers to women’s empowerment, leadership and participation in national development and traditionally male-dominated fields.
• Drake Passage: It is the turbulent maritime route between South America’s Cape Horn and Antarctica, known for severe weather and difficult sailing conditions.

Tabular Summary:

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12. Where did President Droupadi Murmu unveil a bust of Mahatma Gandhi on 22 July 2026?
A) National Museum of Serbia
B) Museum of the City of Skopje
C) Museum of European History
D) National Gallery of Slovenia
E) Museum of the Republic of Croatia
Answer: B) Museum of the City of Skopje.

Event and Location:

• Event: President Droupadi Murmu unveiled a bust of Mahatma Gandhi to promote his ideals of peace, truth and non-violence.
• Location: The bust was unveiled at the Museum of the City of Skopje in North Macedonia.
• Date: The unveiling ceremony was held on 22 July 2026.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The ceremony was conducted during President Murmu’s three-nation European tour in the presence of North Macedonian President Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova and dignitaries from both countries.
• Objectives: The initiative aimed to honour Gandhi’s universal philosophy and strengthen cultural, diplomatic and people-to-people relations between India and North Macedonia.

Important Terms Explained:

• Satya: It means truth and represents Mahatma Gandhi’s principle of pursuing justice through honesty and moral courage.
• Ahimsa: It means non-violence and refers to resolving conflict without physical force, hatred or aggression.
• Cultural Diplomacy: It is the use of culture, heritage and shared values to strengthen understanding and relations between countries.
• Peaceful Coexistence: It refers to communities and nations living together through dialogue, tolerance, empathy and mutual respect.

Tabular Summary:

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