Daily Current Affairs September 04

Dear Champions, as you all know that a lot of competitive exams have been notified consequently. Candidates have to prepare themselves according to the level of competition and expectation of the Recruitment board. Regarding that one of the most important topic is Daily Current Affairs September 04. Current Affairs in the form of contemporary events of national & international play a crucial role in almost every competitive exams like Banking, Insurance, SSC, UPSC, TNPSC, Railway etc.

Current affairs are the most dynamic yet scoring among all sections and need to be prepared from the right source. Here, we cafunsta team, providing Daily GK Updates, Current Affairs Questions, and Monthly current affairs pdf.

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September 04 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Sports – Daily Current Affairs September 04

1. Where is the 2025 edition of the World Boxing Championships being held?
A) Tokyo
B) New Delhi
C) Liverpool
D) Tashkent
E) Paris
Answer: C) Liverpool

Event and Location:

• Event: World Boxing Championships 2025 begin under new governing body
• Location: Liverpool, United Kingdom
• Date: September 5, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The 2025 World Boxing Championships kicked off in Liverpool under the newly formed World Boxing governing body, bringing together men’s and women’s competitions in a combined format for the first time.
• Objectives: To promote gender parity, provide international exposure to rising athletes, and showcase elite boxing talent from around the world under a restructured global federation.

Important Terms Explained:

• World Boxing: A newly formed international governing body for amateur boxing, replacing previous global oversight after administrative reforms and controversies with the earlier association (IBA).
• Nikhat Zareen: A two-time world champion and India’s most consistent women’s boxing performer in recent years, competing in the 51kg weight category.
• Lovlina Borgohain: Olympic bronze medallist and a three-time World Championship medallist, defending her 75kg title at the Championships.

Tabular Summary:

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Ranking – Daily Current Affairs September 04

2. What is the rank of JIPMER in the NIRF Medical Colleges Ranking 2025?
A) 1st
B) 2nd
C) 3rd
D) 4th
E) 5th
Answer: D) 4th

Event and Location:

• Event: Release of NIRF Rankings 2025
• Location: New Delhi (National), JIPMER (Puducherry)
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Ministry of Education released the NIRF India Rankings 2025 evaluating institutions across various domains including medical colleges.
• Objectives:
  • To assess and rank Indian higher education institutions on standardized performance metrics, promoting transparency, accountability, and academic excellence.

Important Terms Explained:

• NIRF (National Institutional Ranking Framework):
  • A methodology adopted by the Ministry of Education to rank institutions of higher education in India across parameters such as teaching, research, graduation outcomes, inclusivity, and perception.
• JIPMER (Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research):
  • A premier medical institution under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, known for its excellence in education, clinical care, and research.
• Medical Colleges Category:
  • A specific stream under NIRF rankings focusing on institutions offering undergraduate and postgraduate medical education, evaluated on both academic and clinical parameters.

Tabular Summary:

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs September 04

3. What major change did the GST Council implement effective from September 22, 2025?
A) GST slab increased to 40 percent for all goods
B) GST reduced to a single slab of 5 percent
C) GST slabs revised to only 5 percent and 18 percent
D) GST removed from sin goods and luxury items
E) GST increased on food and essential products
Answer: C) GST slabs revised to only 5 percent and 18 percent

Event and Location:

• Event: GST Council announces reduction of GST slabs to two-tier structure
• Location: Nationwide (India)
• Date: September 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The GST Council abolished the 12% and 28% tax slabs, retaining only 5% and 18%, and introduced a new 40% slab for sin and luxury goods.
• Objectives: To simplify the tax system, reduce the financial burden on the middle class, increase consumption, and ensure fiscal balance by maintaining high tax on harmful and luxury goods.

Important Terms Explained:

• GST (Goods and Services Tax): A comprehensive indirect tax introduced in 2017, replacing multiple central and state taxes, and is applicable on the supply of goods and services across India.
• GST Council: A constitutional body formed under Article 279A of the Indian Constitution responsible for making recommendations on issues related to GST.
• Sin Goods: Products considered harmful to society or individual health, such as tobacco and pan masala, taxed at higher rates including cess to discourage their usage.

Tabular Summary:

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4. What major GST reform in 2025 led to reduced prices for essential, healthcare, and farming products?
A) Elimination of all GST on consumer goods
B) Implementation of GST Council’s 50th meeting decisions
C) Introduction of 5% flat GST for all industries
D) Major GST rate cuts bringing essentials into lower tax slabs
E) Increase of GST for luxury and sin goods to 50%
Answer: D) Major GST rate cuts bringing essentials into lower tax slabs

Event and Location:

• Event: GST rate cuts introduced on essential goods, services, and equipment
• Location: India (nationwide)
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The government implemented significant GST rate reductions across key categories like daily-use goods, healthcare products, agricultural inputs, educational items, automobiles, and electronics.
• Objectives: To reduce the financial burden on common citizens, support farmers and students, improve affordability of healthcare and education, and stimulate economic growth through higher consumption.

What’s Cheaper:

What’s Costlier (As per related reforms):

Important Terms Explained:

• Input Tax Credit (ITC): A mechanism under GST where a taxpayer can reduce the tax they have already paid on inputs from their final tax liability.
• Zero Rated Supplies: Exports and certain notified supplies where the GST rate is zero, but input credit is still available.
• Inverted Duty Structure: A situation where the tax rate on inputs is higher than that on the finished product, often causing refund and credit issues for businesses.

Tabular Summary:

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5. What is the main aim of the MoU signed between DPIIT and ICICI Bank?
A) Launching a credit scheme for farmers
B) Providing corporate loans to MSMEs
C) Supporting DPIIT-recognised startups with mentorship and pilot opportunities
D) Establishing a new public-private bank
E) Creating an export promotion council
Answer: C) Supporting DPIIT-recognised startups with mentorship and pilot opportunities

Event and Location:

• Event: Signing of MoU between DPIIT and ICICI Bank to support startups
• Location: Pan-India via Startup India platform (HQs in New Delhi and Mumbai)
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) and ICICI Bank signed an MoU to launch a Startup Engagement Programme for DPIIT-recognised startups.
• Objectives:
  • To provide accelerator access, mentorship, pilot opportunities, and ecosystem integration to early- and growth-stage startups across India, promoting innovation, product-market fit, and business development.

Important Terms Explained:

• DPIIT (Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade):
  • A department under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry responsible for formulating and implementing policies to promote industrial growth and ease of doing business.
• Startup India:
  • A flagship initiative launched in 2016 by the Government of India to support startups through incentives, regulatory support, and ecosystem development.
• Accelerator Programme:
  • A fixed-term, cohort-based programme that includes mentorship, education, and networking to help startups scale rapidly.
• ICICI Bank:
  • One of India’s largest private sector banks offering a wide range of financial services, now expanding into startup ecosystem partnerships.

Tabular Summary:

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6. What is the last date for eligible Central Government employees to opt for the Unified Pension Scheme (UPS)?
A) 1 October 2025
B) 30 August 2025
C) 31 December 2025
D) 30 September 2025
E) 1 January 2026
Answer: D) 30 September 2025

Event and Location:

• Event: One-time, one-way switch facility from UPS to NPS introduced for Central Government employees
• Location: Applicable to all eligible Central Government employees across India
• Date: August 25, 2025 (as per Office Memorandum issuance)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Eligible Central Government employees currently under the Unified Pension Scheme (UPS) are given a one-time, one-way option to switch to the National Pension System (NPS) before a fixed deadline under specific conditions.
• Objectives:
  • To empower employees with informed choice in planning their post-retirement security and to ensure flexibility in pension planning based on evolving preferences or needs.

Important Terms Explained:

• Unified Pension Scheme (UPS):
  • A government-notified pension scheme providing guaranteed benefits to Central Government employees, effective for those who opted in through Notification No. F. No. FX-1/3/2024-PR.
• National Pension System (NPS):
  • A market-linked defined contribution pension system, regulated by PFRDA, allowing individuals to save for retirement through systematic investments in various financial instruments.
• One-Time, One-Way Switch:
  • A policy provision allowing Central Government employees under UPS to switch to NPS only once, with no reversal back to UPS permitted after switching.

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs September 04

7. What was India’s Services PMI in August 2025, marking a 15-year high in growth?
A) 60.5
B) 58.7
C) 62.9
D) 63.2
E) 61.1
Answer: C) 62.9

Event and Location:

• Event: India’s Services PMI rises to 15-year high
• Location: India (nationwide economic data)
• Date: September 4, 2025 (data released)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The HSBC India Services PMI, compiled by S&P Global, rose to 62.9 in August 2025, indicating the strongest expansion in India’s services sector in 15 years.
• Objectives: To measure business activity momentum, assess market resilience, and track trends in demand, pricing, and employment within the services industry.

Important Terms Explained:

• Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI): A survey-based economic indicator that measures the prevailing direction of business activity in manufacturing and services sectors. A value above 50 indicates expansion; below 50 signals contraction.
• Composite PMI: A combined measure of both manufacturing and services PMI to reflect overall private sector activity in the economy.
• Output Price Inflation: The rate at which companies increase prices charged to consumers, often influenced by rising input costs or higher demand.

Tabular Summary:

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8. Which country emerged as the largest source of FDI into India in Q1 FY26?
A) Singapore
B) Mauritius
C) United Arab Emirates
D) United States
E) Japan
Answer: D) United States

Event and Location:

• Event: India records 15% increase in FDI during Q1 FY26
• Location: India (nationwide investment data)
• Date: April–June FY26 (Data released September 4, 2025)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India’s Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows increased by 15% year-on-year in Q1 FY26, reaching USD 18.62 billion, led by a surge in U.S. investments and strong inflows into key sectors like software, services, and automobiles.
• Objectives: To attract foreign capital, strengthen strategic sectors, enhance ease of doing business, and position India as a global investment destination despite global trade tensions.

Important Terms Explained:

• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Investment made by a company or individual in one country into business interests located in another, typically through joint ventures, acquisitions, or setting up subsidiaries.
• Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA): The primary legal framework governing FDI and foreign exchange in India, administered by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
• Automatic Route (FDI): A channel through which foreign investors can invest in Indian businesses without prior government approval, allowed in most sectors with up to 100% ownership.

Tabular Summary:

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9. What is the primary focus of the NextGen GST reforms praised by PM Narendra Modi in September 2025?
A) Increasing GST rates on luxury goods
B) Expanding GST to cover agricultural income
C) Simplifying tax structure and promoting equity
D) Introducing new cess for online services
E) Replacing GST with VAT
Answer: C) Simplifying tax structure and promoting equity

Event and Location:

• Event: Prime Minister’s praise of NextGen GST reforms and their role in building Viksit Bharat
• Location: New Delhi, India (National coverage)
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Prime Minister highlighted the government’s long-standing commitment to economic reforms including corporate tax cuts, unified GST implementation, and personal income tax restructuring.
• Objectives:
  • To showcase the NextGen GST reforms as a means of simplifying the tax system, enhancing Ease of Living, promoting economic growth, and laying the foundation for a Viksit Bharat.

Important Terms Explained:

• NextGen GST Reforms: Refers to the latest phase of Goods and Services Tax reforms, focusing on rate rationalisation, simplification of tax slabs, and a fairer, growth-centric system.
• Ease of Living: A governance framework aimed at reducing bureaucratic and financial burdens on citizens through simplified systems, digital access, and tax reforms.
• Viksit Bharat: A vision to make India a fully developed nation by 2047 through economic, technological, and infrastructural advancements.
• Fiscal Discipline: The government’s strategy to maintain responsible public spending, reduce fiscal deficits, and ensure long-term economic sustainability, earning improved credit ratings.
• Unified Market: A nationwide economic environment where goods and services can move freely across states without tax barriers, enabled by GST.

Tabular Summary:

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10. What was the total number of Aadhaar authentication transactions recorded in August 2025?
A) 213 crore
B) 38.53 crore
C) 221 crore
D) 186 crore
E) 128 crore
Answer: C) 221 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: Aadhaar authentication crosses 221 crore transactions in a single month
• Location: India (nationwide)
• Date: August 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) recorded over 221 crore Aadhaar authentication transactions in August 2025, with growing adoption of face authentication and e-KYC services.
• Objectives:
  • To enhance the digital identity ecosystem, support efficient delivery of welfare services, and streamline customer onboarding through AI-powered authentication and secure e-KYC mechanisms.

Important Terms Explained:

• Aadhaar Authentication:
  • A process where an individual’s Aadhaar number and biometric or demographic information is verified through UIDAI to confirm identity.
• Face Authentication:
  • An AI-based modality that allows identity verification through a face scan; used in both Android and iOS environments to promote contactless, secure authentication.
• e-KYC (Electronic Know Your Customer):
  • A service that enables paperless verification of identity and address using Aadhaar credentials, widely used in financial services, telecom, and other sectors.

Tabular Summary:

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs September 04

11. As per the SC Collegium’s recommendation in September 2025, how many judges have been proposed for the Allahabad High Court?
A) 12
B) 20
C) 26
D) 16
E) 30
Answer: C) 26

Event and Location:

• Event: SC Collegium recommends 26 judges for Allahabad High Court
• Location: Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh (applicable to the Allahabad HC)
• Date: September 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Supreme Court Collegium recommended the appointment of 26 new judges—including judicial officers and advocates—to the Allahabad High Court, addressing long-standing vacancies.
• Objectives: To reduce the high backlog of cases, improve the pace of justice delivery, and enhance gender representation within the judiciary.

Important Terms Explained:

• Supreme Court Collegium: A group comprising the Chief Justice of India and senior Supreme Court judges responsible for recommending appointments and transfers of judges in higher judiciary.
• Article 217: The constitutional provision that governs the appointment of High Court judges by the President of India, in consultation with the Chief Justice of India, Governor of the State, and Chief Justice of the High Court (if not appointing a CJ).
• Allahabad High Court: The largest High Court in India by sanctioned strength, which is facing a significant judicial manpower shortfall.

Tabular Summary:

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12. Who has been appointed as the Air Officer-in-Charge Maintenance (AOM) at Indian Air Force Headquarters in 2025?
A) Air Marshal V R Chaudhari
B) Air Marshal Pankaj Mohan Sinha
C) Air Marshal Sanjiv Ghuratia
D) Air Marshal Harjit Singh Arora
E) Air Marshal Anil Khosla
Answer: C) Air Marshal Sanjiv Ghuratia

Event and Location:

• Event: Air Marshal Sanjiv Ghuratia appointed as Air Officer-in-Charge Maintenance, IAF
• Location: Indian Air Force Headquarters, New Delhi
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Air Marshal Sanjiv Ghuratia took charge as Air Officer-in-Charge Maintenance (AOM), responsible for overseeing the logistics, repair, and maintenance infrastructure of the Indian Air Force.
• Objectives: To ensure operational readiness and technical efficiency of IAF assets by leveraging Ghuratia’s vast experience in aeronautical engineering and defence logistics.

Important Terms Explained:

• Air Officer-in-Charge Maintenance (AOM): A top-level IAF post responsible for managing all maintenance operations, infrastructure upgrades, and technical logistics across Indian Air Force commands.
• AVSM (Ati Vishisht Seva Medal): A prestigious military award conferred for “distinguished service of an exceptional order” to personnel of the Indian Armed Forces.
• VSM (Vishisht Seva Medal): Awarded for distinguished service of a high order, recognizing contributions in military leadership and operations.

Tabular Summary:

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13. Who has been appointed as the new Secretary of the Ministry of Mines as of September 2025?
A) V.L. Kantha Rao
B) Pankaj Kumar
C) Piyush Goyal (IAS)
D) Amitabh Kant
E) Sanjay Malhotra
Answer: C) Piyush Goyal (IAS)

Event and Location:

• Event: Appointment of new Secretary to the Ministry of Mines
• Location: Ministry of Mines, New Delhi
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Shri Piyush Goyal, a 1994-batch IAS officer from the Nagaland cadre, took charge as the new Secretary of the Ministry of Mines, Government of India.
• Objectives:
  • To lead the strategic and administrative functions of the Ministry of Mines and continue advancing India’s mineral exploration, mining policy, and resource management for economic development.

Important Terms Explained:

• Secretary (Ministry of Mines):
  • The top bureaucratic position in the Ministry responsible for policy formulation, implementation, and coordination of mining and mineral development in India.
• NATGRID (National Intelligence Grid):
  • A counter-terrorism grid under the Ministry of Home Affairs that connects databases of core security agencies to improve access and analysis of information.
• Ministry of Mines:
  • A Union Ministry responsible for survey and exploration of all minerals (excluding petroleum and atomic minerals), regulation of mines, and development of mining activities.

Tabular Summary:

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs September 04

14. Which IIT has developed open-source AI tools under the Bhashini project for 13 Indian languages?
A) IIT Madras
B) IIT Bombay
C) IIT Jodhpur
D) IIT Delhi
E) IIT Kanpur
Answer: C) IIT Jodhpur

Event and Location:

• Event: IIT Jodhpur develops AI tools for Indian languages and cultural preservation
• Location: Jodhpur, Rajasthan (applicable nationwide)
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Vision, Language and Learning Group (VL2G) at IIT Jodhpur, led by Prof. Anand Mishra, developed open-source scene-text recognition APIs for 13 Indian languages and is deploying AI for manuscript restoration, video analytics, and indigenous technological advancement.
• Objectives: To build inclusive, open-source AI solutions that address India’s linguistic diversity, preserve cultural heritage, enable multilingual access, and improve societal outcomes like skill development and safety.

Important Terms Explained:

• Bhashini Project: A flagship initiative by the Government of India to make digital services and information available in Indian languages using AI and language technology.
• Scene Text Recognition: An AI capability to detect and understand text present in natural scenes like road signs, boards, or shop names in multiple languages.
• OCR (Optical Character Recognition): A technology that converts scanned or photographed text documents into machine-readable text, used here for ancient manuscript digitization.

Tabular Summary:

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15. Where was the newly inaugurated TDK Advanced Lithium-ion Battery Plant located?
A) Noida, Uttar Pradesh
B) Bawal, Haryana
C) Sohna, Haryana
D) Gurugram, Haryana
E) Faridabad, Haryana
Answer: C) Sohna, Haryana

Event and Location:

• Event: Inauguration of TDK Advanced Li-ion Battery Plant
• Location: Sohna, Haryana
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • TDK Corporation inaugurated a state-of-the-art Lithium-ion battery manufacturing facility under the Electronics Manufacturing Cluster (EMC) Scheme in Sohna, Haryana, with Union Minister Shri Ashwini Vaishnaw officiating the launch.
• Objectives:
  • To manufacture 20 crore battery packs annually (40% of India’s requirement), support the Atmanirbhar Bharat vision, create 5,000 jobs, and reduce India’s dependence on imported electronic components.

Important Terms Explained:

• Electronics Manufacturing Cluster (EMC) Scheme:
  • A government initiative to create world-class infrastructure for electronics manufacturing and attract investments to develop a robust ESDM ecosystem.
• Lithium-ion Battery Packs:
  • Rechargeable batteries widely used in electronic devices like smartphones, laptops, and wearables, critical to India’s growing digital and mobility needs.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat:
  • A national vision launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi to make India self-reliant across sectors including manufacturing, energy, defence, and digital technologies.

Tabular Summary:

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16. Which RISC-V based chip design startup launched an automated SoC Generator Platform at Semicon India 2025?
A) Vervesemi
B) Aheesa Digital
C) InCore Semiconductors
D) MBit Wireless
E) MosChip Technologies
Answer: C) InCore Semiconductors

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of indigenous System-on-Chip (SoC) platforms and showcase under DLI Scheme at Semicon India 2025
• Location: Yashobhoomi, New Delhi
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Startups supported under the Design Linked Incentive (DLI) Scheme showcased chip design innovations including SoCs for networking, surveillance, energy meters, motor control, space, and telecom during Semicon India 2025.
• Objectives:
  • To advance India’s vision of becoming a full-stack semiconductor nation, boost Aatmanirbharta in chip design, support IP creation, and reduce import dependence through RISC-V based innovation and indigenous chip development.

Important Terms Explained:

• Design Linked Incentive (DLI) Scheme:
  • A flagship initiative of the Ministry of Electronics & IT to promote domestic semiconductor design companies by offering financial and infrastructural support for IP, design, and prototyping.
• RISC-V Architecture:
  • An open-source, royalty-free Reduced Instruction Set Computing architecture that allows companies to design custom processors without licensing costs. Developed at UC Berkeley, RISC-V is modular, scalable, and highly suited for next-gen innovation.
• System-on-Chip (SoC) Generator Platform:
  • An automated chip design environment that reduces frontend SoC design time from months to minutes, integrating IP cores and tools efficiently to streamline chip production and reduce design risks.

Tabular Summary:

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs September 04

17. Which of the following technologies was transferred by DRDO to BHEL under the LAToT agreement?
A) Naval-grade titanium plates
B) DMR-1700 steel sheets
C) Radome manufacturing technology
D) DMR 249A steel for aviation
E) Carbon-fiber composite beams
Answer: C) Radome manufacturing technology

Event and Location:

• Event: Transfer of three advanced materials technologies by DRDO
• Location: DMRL, Hyderabad, Telangana
• Date: August 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • DRDO’s Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL) transferred three indigenously developed materials technologies to private and public sector industries.
• Objectives:
  • To promote self-reliance in high-performance defence materials and accelerate the commercial and strategic deployment of indigenous technologies through industry collaboration.

Important Terms Explained:

• LAToT (Licensing Agreement for Transfer of Technology):
  • A formal agreement that enables industry partners to receive, produce, and commercialize DRDO-developed technologies.
• Radome:
  • A structural, weatherproof enclosure that protects radar or sensor systems on missiles and aircraft without interfering with signal transmission.
• DMR 1700 Steel:
  • An ultra-high strength steel with excellent fracture toughness, suitable for demanding defence structural applications.
• DMR 249A HSLA Steel:
  • A high-strength, low-alloy (HSLA) steel meeting stringent naval standards, ideal for shipbuilding and naval platform construction.

Tabular Summary:

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs September 04

18. Under which article of the Paris Agreement was the India–Japan Joint Credit Mechanism (JCM) signed?
A) Article 4.2
B) Article 3.1
C) Article 6.2
D) Article 2.5
E) Article 7.3
Answer: C) Article 6.2

Event and Location:

• Event: India and Japan sign Joint Credit Mechanism (JCM) for climate action and carbon trading
• Location: Bilateral agreement between India and Japan
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (India) and the Government of Japan signed a Joint Credit Mechanism (JCM) under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement to enable bilateral carbon trading, green investment, and technology transfer.
• Objectives: To reduce greenhouse gas emissions through bilateral carbon markets, strengthen sustainable manufacturing, ensure access to green finance, and build a resilient rare earth and clean energy ecosystem.

Important Terms Explained:

• Joint Credit Mechanism (JCM): A bilateral framework that enables two countries to collaborate on emission reduction projects and trade carbon credits (ITMOs) to meet their respective Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).
• Article 6.2 (Paris Agreement): Provides legal space for countries to enter into voluntary, cooperative approaches like carbon trading and technology sharing to meet climate goals.
• Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes (ITMOs): Carbon credits generated by one country that can be transferred to another under Article 6 mechanisms, supporting global mitigation and finance flow.
• Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (India): Launched in 2023, this national market allows Indian entities to trade emissions permits and offsets under government oversight.

Tabular Summary:

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19. When will the India-EFTA Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) officially come into force?
A) March 10, 2024
B) January 1, 2025
C) October 1, 2025
D) August 15, 2025
E) December 31, 2025
Answer: C) October 1, 2025

Event and Location:

• Event: India-EFTA Free Trade Agreement (TEPA) to take effect
• Location: India and EFTA countries (Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein)
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The India-EFTA Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) comes into effect from October 1, 2025, with a legal commitment of USD 100 billion investment over 15 years and sustainability-linked trade provisions.
• Objectives: To boost foreign investment, create employment, improve market access, enhance global value chain integration, and promote environmentally and socially responsible trade.

Important Terms Explained:

• EFTA (European Free Trade Association): A regional trade bloc formed in 1960 under the Stockholm Convention, currently comprising Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein, aimed at promoting free trade and economic cooperation.
• Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA): A bilateral trade agreement between India and EFTA countries signed in March 2024 that includes investment, tariff reduction, and sustainable development goals.
• Sustainability Clause: Legally binding provisions in the TEPA that uphold labour rights, environmental protection, and human rights as part of the trade agreement — a first in India’s trade history.

Tabular Summary:

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20. Which of the following is not one of the eight core areas identified under the India-Singapore Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Roadmap?
A) Space and Nuclear Arms Control
B) Economic Cooperation
C) Digitalisation
D) Healthcare and Medicine
E) Defence and Security
Answer: A) Space and Nuclear Arms Control

Event and Location:

• Event: Adoption of roadmap for Comprehensive Strategic Partnership between India and Singapore
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Prime Ministers Narendra Modi and Lawrence Wong held high-level talks and adopted a forward-looking roadmap under the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (CSP) framework to deepen bilateral ties across eight key domains.
• Objectives:
  • To strengthen cooperation in economic, strategic, technological, and cultural areas, while enhancing connectivity, security, sustainability, and healthcare—marking 60 years of India-Singapore diplomatic ties.

Important Terms Explained:

• Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (CSP):
  • An elevated bilateral framework outlining priority areas for long-term cooperation between India and Singapore.
• CECA (Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement):
  • A trade pact between India and Singapore aimed at reducing tariffs, increasing investments, and enhancing economic ties.
• GIFT Connect (NSE-IFSC-SGX):
  • A strategic initiative that links Singapore Exchange (SGX) and India’s International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) to deepen capital market access.
• UPI-PayNow Linkage:
  • A cross-border real-time payment system enabling instant fund transfers between India’s UPI and Singapore’s PayNow users.
• Green and Digital Shipping Corridor (GDSC):
  • A proposed maritime partnership between India and Singapore to promote eco-friendly shipping and digital trade logistics.

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs September 04

21. Under which national mission has the government launched a ₹1,500 crore incentive scheme for critical mineral recycling?
A) National Rare Earth Strategy
B) Digital India Mission
C) Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan
D) National Critical Mineral Mission
E) National Battery Development Plan
Answer: D) National Critical Mineral Mission

Event and Location:

• Event: Union Cabinet approves ₹1,500 crore incentive scheme for mineral recycling
• Location: India (nationwide implementation)
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved a ₹1,500 crore incentive scheme under the National Critical Mineral Mission to promote recycling of critical minerals from battery and electronic waste.
• Objectives: To reduce import dependence, build domestic mineral recycling capacity, strengthen supply chain resilience, and support industrial ecosystems for clean energy technologies and electronics.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM): A government initiative aimed at ensuring a sustainable supply of critical minerals vital for clean energy, electric mobility, and high-tech industries.
• Critical Minerals: Elements like lithium, cobalt, and rare earths essential for national security and modern technologies, often facing supply chain vulnerabilities.
• Black Mass: A semi-processed mixture obtained from recycling batteries, containing valuable metals but not yet refined into extractable form. Only facilities performing final extraction will qualify for incentives.

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22. What is the main purpose of the Centre of Excellence being established by UPSC in 2025?
A) Conduct recruitment exams for IITs
B) Offer coaching to UPSC aspirants
C) Act as a repository of best recruitment practices
D) Replace State Public Service Commissions
E) Conduct only interviews for civil services
Answer: C) Act as a repository of best recruitment practices

Event and Location:

• Event: UPSC announces Centre of Excellence to promote best practices in recruitment
• Location: Nationwide (virtual meeting with 27 State PSCs)
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) has announced the setting up of a Centre of Excellence (CoE) to document and disseminate best practices followed in recruitment by both UPSC and State PSCs.
• Objectives: To enhance transparency, efficiency, and innovation in recruitment, ensure uniform standards, and promote collaborative governance between UPSC and State PSCs.

Important Terms Explained:

• Centre of Excellence (CoE): A dedicated institutional platform to compile, preserve, and share best practices, Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), and successful models across recruitment agencies.
• Pratibha Setu Portal: A UPSC initiative that connects candidates who reached the interview stage but did not qualify in the final list with alternative job opportunities.
• Articles 315–323: Constitutional provisions that govern the Union Public Service Commission and State Public Service Commissions, including their powers, appointments, and functions.

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23. What is the new installed power generation capacity of Chhattisgarh as of 2025?
A) 14,000 MW
B) 60,000 MW
C) 45,000 MW
D) 30,000 MW
E) 25,000 MW
Answer: D) 30,000 MW

Event and Location:

• Event: Chhattisgarh’s installed power capacity increases to 30,000 MW
• Location: Chhattisgarh, India
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Chhattisgarh has expanded its electricity generation capacity from 1,400 MW in 2000 to 30,000 MW in 2025, with a ₹3 lakh crore investment plan to further double capacity and promote renewable energy.
• Objectives: To transform the state into a national power hub, attract global and domestic investments, ensure energy security, and accelerate sustainable energy transition.

Important Terms Explained:

• PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana: A central government scheme aimed at providing free electricity through rooftop solar installations in rural and low-income households.
• MoUs (Memoranda of Understanding): Non-binding agreements signed with investors to facilitate industrial projects, in this case focused on power sector expansion.
• Renewable Energy: Energy from natural sources such as sunlight, wind, and water. Chhattisgarh is integrating solar projects to diversify its energy mix and promote sustainability.

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24. Which state launched the Autumn Calendar 2025 to promote tourism, culture, and local economy?
A) Assam
B) Himachal Pradesh
C) Meghalaya
D) Sikkim
E) Nagaland
Answer: C) Meghalaya

Event and Location:

• Event: Meghalaya launches Autumn Calendar 2025 to boost culture and tourism
• Location: Meghalaya, India
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Department of Tourism, Meghalaya launched the Autumn Calendar 2025 featuring a series of events including music festivals, international sports, and cultural showcases.
• Objectives: To promote sustainable tourism, boost the local economy, showcase Meghalaya’s cultural heritage, and provide global exposure to local artists and communities.

Important Terms Explained:

• Meghalaya Grassroots Music Project: A daily live music initiative under the Chief Minister’s leadership to promote emerging local talent across the state.
• Cherry Blossom Festival: A globally recognized cultural event featuring musical performances, art, and tourism activities centered around Meghalaya’s blooming cherry blossoms.
• Sustainable Tourism: A model of tourism that focuses on preserving local ecosystems and cultures while providing economic benefits to native communities.

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25. Which of the following was not one of the six thematic areas discussed during the Ayush Summit 2025?
A) Financial Management and Project Monitoring
B) Globalization of Ayush Export Policies
C) Integration of Ayush with Public Health Programs
D) Human Resource Strengthening and Capacity Building
E) IT-enabled Digital Services for Ayush
Answer: B) Globalization of Ayush Export Policies

Event and Location:

• Event: Two-Day Summit on National Ayush Mission and Capacity Building
• Location: All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA), Sarita Vihar, New Delhi
• Date: September 3–4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Ministry of Ayush organized a summit to discuss strengthening the Ayush sector at both national and sub-national levels, with active participation from state health officials, experts, and stakeholders.
• Objectives:
  • To promote integration of Ayush in mainstream healthcare, build capacity, improve infrastructure, and adopt digital innovation for holistic and inclusive healthcare delivery.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Ayush Mission (NAM):
  • A centrally sponsored scheme aimed at expanding Ayush healthcare services and integrating traditional systems with modern healthcare.
• Har Ghar AyurYog:
  • A behavioral change campaign to promote adoption of Ayurveda-based lifestyle practices at the household level.
• AIIA (All India Institute of Ayurveda):
  • A premier institution for postgraduate education, research, and patient care in Ayurveda under the Ministry of Ayush.

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26. Where was the India MedTech Expo 2025 held, showcasing India’s MedTech manufacturing capabilities?
A) India International Convention Centre, Dwarka
B) Bharat Mandapam, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi
C) Yashobhoomi Convention Centre, Delhi NCR
D) India Expo Mart, Greater Noida
E) Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi
Answer: B) Bharat Mandapam, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi

Event and Location:

• Event: Inauguration of India MedTech Expo 2025
• Location: Bharat Mandapam, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Union Minister Shri Piyush Goyal inaugurated the second edition of the India MedTech Expo 2025 to showcase India’s capabilities in medical technology manufacturing and innovation.
• Objectives:
  • To position India as a global hub for MedTech manufacturing, foster international partnerships, encourage industry-academia collaboration, and align regulatory reforms for ease of doing business under the vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat and Viksit Bharat 2047.

Important Terms Explained:

• India MedTech Expo:
  • An annual event showcasing India’s medical technology sector, innovations, and global trade opportunities in medical devices.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat:
  • A vision for a self-reliant India that promotes indigenous manufacturing, innovation, and reduced dependency on imports.
• Viksit Bharat 2047:
  • A long-term national goal to transform India into a developed country by its 100th year of independence.
• CDSCO (Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation):
  • India’s national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
• ICMR (Indian Council of Medical Research):
  • India’s apex body for biomedical research, playing a key role in MedTech innovation through initiatives like MedTech Mitra.

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27. Which portal was launched by Union Minister Shri Manohar Lal at the 5th Central Advisory Council meeting under RERA?
A) RealEstateIndia.gov.in
B) RERAIndia.in
C) HousingReform.gov.in
D) RERAUnifiedPortal.gov.in
E) rera.mohua.gov.in
Answer: E) rera.mohua.gov.in

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Unified RERA Portal and 5th Meeting of Central Advisory Council (CAC) under RERA
• Location: Sankalp Bhawan, K.G. Marg, New Delhi
• Date: September 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs launched the Unified RERA Portal to integrate state-level RERA systems and reviewed real estate regulatory progress during the 5th Central Advisory Council meeting.
• Objectives:
  • To strengthen transparency, accountability, and data-driven policymaking in the real estate sector; resolve homebuyers’ grievances; complete stalled projects; and ensure consistent RERA implementation nationwide.

Important Terms Explained:

• RERA (Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016):
  • A Central Act aimed at regulating the real estate sector, enhancing transparency, protecting homebuyers, and promoting sectoral discipline.
• Unified RERA Portal:
  • A new centralized digital platform (rera.mohua.gov.in) launched to integrate all State/UT RERA websites, enabling a national database of real estate projects, AI-driven analytics, and informed decision-making for homebuyers.
• Central Advisory Council (CAC):
  • A statutory body under RERA to advise the government on implementation, reforms, and stakeholder interests in real estate regulation.

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Over All Review

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