Daily Current Affairs June 30

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June 30 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs June 30

1. What significant astronomical event does World Asteroid Day on June 30 commemorate?
A) Discovery of Pluto
B) Launch of James Webb Telescope
C) Tunguska meteor explosion
D) First asteroid landing
E) Solar eclipse of 2017
Answer: C) Tunguska meteor explosion

Event and Location:

• Event: 10th anniversary of World Asteroid Day with live views of near-Earth asteroids
• Location: Global (online and astronomical observatories)
• Date: June 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • World Asteroid Day 2025 is observed with a livestream hosted by the Virtual Telescope Project showcasing real-time views of near-Earth asteroids and discussions on planetary defense.
• Objectives:
  • To raise global awareness about asteroids, their impact risks, and scientific importance, while promoting ongoing global efforts to detect, track, and deflect hazardous near-Earth objects.

Important Terms Explained:

• World Asteroid Day:
  • An annual United Nations-endorsed observance on June 30 to educate the public on asteroids and planetary defense strategies. It marks the anniversary of the 1908 Tunguska event, the largest recorded asteroid-related explosion.
• DART Mission (Double Asteroid Redirection Test):
  • A 2022 NASA planetary defense mission that demonstrated the successful deflection of asteroid Dimorphos by impacting it with a spacecraft to change its orbit.
• Vera Rubin Observatory:
  • A next-generation observatory in Chile designed for the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), capable of identifying millions of new near-Earth objects using its powerful wide-field telescope.

Tabular Summary:

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs June 30

2. Where is the inaugural season of the World Super Kabaddi League (WSKL) scheduled to be held?
A) Mumbai
B) Bangkok
C) Dubai
D) New Delhi
E) Kuala Lumpur
Answer: C) Dubai

Event and Location:

• Event: Announcement of the inaugural season of the World Super Kabaddi League (WSKL)
• Location: Global (Hosted in Dubai)
• Date: June 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The World Super Kabaddi League (WSKL) was launched with the support of the International Kabaddi Federation (IKF) and SJ Uplift Kabaddi Pvt Ltd, featuring a franchise-based format with 8 teams and a total player purse of ₹48 crore.
• Objectives: The initiative aims to globalise Kabaddi, attract international talent, expand the sport’s footprint across 30+ countries, and push for its inclusion in the Olympic Games.

Important Terms Explained:

• World Super Kabaddi League (WSKL): A newly launched international Kabaddi league set to begin in early 2026, designed to make Kabaddi a global sport with players from around the world.
• International Kabaddi Federation (IKF): The global governing body for Kabaddi, supporting the WSKL initiative and working towards Olympic recognition of the sport.
• SJ Uplift Kabaddi Pvt Ltd: The company that owns and operates WSKL, founded by Sambhav Jain, aiming to modernise and globalise Kabaddi through strategic planning and year-round engagement.

Tabular Summary:

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Obituary – Daily Current Affairs June 30

3. What is the name of KM Salimkumar’s upcoming autobiography?
A) Negritude
B) Raktha Pathaka
C) Kadutha
D) Vamsamedhavithvathinte Sookshmathalangal
E) Dalit Aikya Shabdam
Answer: C) Kadutha

Event and Location:

• Event: Death of Dalit thinker and writer KM Salimkumar
• Location: Indira Gandhi Cooperative Hospital, Kadavanthra, Ernakulam, Kerala
• Date: June 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: KM Salimkumar, a prominent Dalit thinker, writer, and activist, passed away at the age of 76. He was actively involved in Dalit literature and social movements for over five decades.
• Objectives: His life and work focused on advocating Dalit rights, promoting anti-caste ideology, and using literature and activism as tools for social change and political resistance.

Important Terms Explained:

• Dalit Activism: A socio-political movement that fights against caste-based discrimination and works for the upliftment of Dalit communities in India.
• Manusmriti Burning (1989): A symbolic act by Salimkumar in Vaikom that marked his shift from leftist revolutionary politics to focused Dalit activism.
• CPI (ML) & CRC: Leftist political organizations with which Salimkumar was associated during his early revolutionary period before transitioning to Dalit-centric movements.

Tabular Summary:

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs June 30

4. For how many consecutive quarters have interest rates on small savings schemes remained unchanged as of July 1, 2025?
A) 4
B) 5
C) 6
D) 7
E) 8
Answer: D) 7

Event and Location:

• Event: Small savings scheme interest rates remain unchanged for the 7th straight quarter
• Location: New Delhi (National Policy)
• Date: June 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Finance announced that interest rates on all 12 small savings schemes, including the Public Provident Fund (PPF) and Sukanya Samriddhi Scheme (SSS), will remain unchanged for the July–September 2025 quarter—marking the 7th straight quarter of no change.
• Objectives: To maintain the attractiveness of low-risk, long-term savings instruments for households amid volatile markets and falling interest rates, and to stabilize household savings.

Important Terms Explained:

• Small Savings Schemes (SSS): Government-backed financial instruments meant for individual savers, offering fixed interest, tax benefits, and long tenures. Popular schemes include PPF, SSS, Senior Citizens Savings Scheme, and National Savings Certificate.
• Public Provident Fund (PPF): A long-term (15-year) small savings scheme with tax exemption under Section 80C and tax-free interest.
• Sukanya Samriddhi Scheme (SSS): A savings scheme for the girl child offering high interest (currently around 8.2%) with tax benefits and a lock-in until age 21.
• Monetary Policy Committee (MPC): A committee formed by the RBI responsible for setting the repo rate and managing inflation through monetary policy decisions.
• Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR): The share of a bank’s total deposits that must be held in reserve with the RBI, impacting liquidity and interest rates.

Tabular Summary:

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5. What was the total amount accepted by the RBI in its 7-day VRRR auction held on June 27, 2025?
A) ₹1 lakh crore
B) ₹1.25 lakh crore
C) ₹90,000 crore
D) ₹84,975 crore
E) ₹70,000 crore
Answer: D) ₹84,975 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI conducts 7-day Variable Rate Reverse Repo (VRRR) auction
• Location: Nationwide (RBI – headquartered in Mumbai)
• Date: June 27, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) held a 7-day VRRR auction to absorb surplus liquidity from the banking system. The notified amount was ₹1 lakh crore, but bids worth ₹84,975 crore were received and fully accepted.
• Objectives: To fine-tune short-term liquidity, manage surplus cash in the banking system, and ensure stability in short-term interest rates through a market-based absorption mechanism.

Important Terms Explained:

• Variable Rate Reverse Repo (VRRR): A liquidity absorption tool used by the RBI where banks voluntarily park funds with the central bank for a fixed duration at an interest rate determined via auction. It contrasts with the fixed-rate reverse repo, which has a predetermined rate.
• Cut-off Rate: The highest accepted bid rate in the VRRR auction—in this case, 5.49%.
  Weighted Average Rate (WAR): The average rate at which funds are absorbed across all successful bids—in this auction, it was 5.45%.
• Liquidity Absorption Operation: RBI’s intervention to withdraw excess funds from the banking system, typically to control inflation and ensure monetary stability.

Tabular Summary:

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6. What is the new auto-settlement limit for EPFO advance claims as per the June 2025 update?
A) Rs 1 lakh
B) Rs 2 lakh
C) Rs 3 lakh
D) Rs 5 lakh
E) Rs 10 lakh
Answer: D) Rs 5 lakh

Event and Location:

• Event: EPFO raises auto-settlement limit for advance claims
• Location: India (applicable nationwide)
• Date: June 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) increased the auto-settlement limit for advance claims from ₹1 lakh to ₹5 lakh.
• Objectives: To improve financial access for members, ensure faster disbursements, promote digital automation, and reduce processing delays and member grievances.

Important Terms Explained:

• EPFO (Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation): A statutory body under the Ministry of Labour and Employment that manages provident fund, pension, and insurance schemes for Indian employees.
• Auto-Settlement: A technology-driven process where certain types of claims are processed automatically without human intervention for faster disbursal.
• Advance Claims: Partial withdrawals allowed from a member’s provident fund account for specific purposes like illness, education, marriage, and housing.

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs June 30

7. What was India’s total gross GST collection in FY25 as per the latest data?
A) ₹18.65 lakh crore
B) ₹20.18 lakh crore
C) ₹22.08 lakh crore
D) ₹11.37 lakh crore
E) ₹2.37 lakh crore
Answer: C) ₹22.08 lakh crore

Event and Location:

• Event: Record gross GST collections reported for FY25
• Location: India (Nationwide)
• Date: June 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Government of India announced that gross GST (Goods and Services Tax) collections reached a record ₹22.08 lakh crore in FY25, showing a 9.4% year-on-year increase over FY24.
• Objectives: To strengthen India’s fiscal position by expanding the tax base, increasing transparency, and improving efficiency in the indirect tax regime since GST’s introduction in 2017.

Important Terms Explained:

• Goods and Services Tax (GST): A comprehensive indirect tax system introduced in July 2017 in India, replacing multiple state and central taxes with a unified five-rate structure.
• Indirect Tax: A type of tax collected by an intermediary (such as a retailer) from the person who bears the ultimate economic burden of the tax (e.g., consumer).
• Tax Base Expansion: Refers to the increase in the number of registered taxpayers under GST, which grew from 65 lakh in 2017 to over 1.51 crore by 2025.

Tabular Summary:

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8. As of July 2025, what is the revised APM gas price notified by the Government of India?
A) $6.41/mBTU
B) $6.75/mBTU
C) $6.89/mBTU
D) $7.25/mBTU
E) $5.91/mBTU
Answer: C) $6.89/mBTU

Event and Location:

• Event: Government raises natural gas price under the APM to $6.89/mBTU
• Location: New Delhi (National Policy)
• Date: June 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas, through the Petroleum Planning & Analysis Cell (PPAC), revised the Administered Price Mechanism (APM) gas price to $6.89 per mBTU for July 2025, citing crude oil price volatility due to Middle East tensions.
• Objectives: To align domestic gas prices with international oil price trends under the Kirit Parikh formula, while ensuring price predictability through a capped ceiling and maintaining supply assurance.

Important Terms Explained:

• Administered Price Mechanism (APM): A system under which the government fixes the price of natural gas produced by public sector companies like ONGC and Oil India to support affordability and energy security.
• Kirit Parikh Formula: A pricing mechanism introduced in April 2023 to revise APM gas rates based on a 10% linkage (slope) to average crude oil prices, subject to a floor and ceiling.
• Strait of Hormuz (SoH): A vital maritime chokepoint through which over 50% of India’s LNG imports flow, especially from Qatar and the UAE. Disruptions here affect global and Indian gas prices.

Tabular Summary:

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9. What is the minimum investment required under the SPMEPCI scheme for automakers to import EVs at a concessional duty?
A) ₹25 billion
B) ₹30 billion
C) ₹41.5 billion
D) ₹50 billion
E) ₹35 billion
Answer: C) ₹41.5 billion

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of SPMEPCI Scheme to promote EV manufacturing in India
• Location: Nationwide (India)
• Date: June 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Electric Passenger Cars in India (SPMEPCI) allows foreign automakers to import up to 8,000 EVs annually at a 15% import duty, significantly lower than the existing 70–100%.
  • To qualify, companies must invest a minimum of ₹41.5 billion in setting up local EV manufacturing facilities within a set time frame.
• Objectives:
  • To attract foreign direct investment (FDI) into the electric vehicle sector.
  • To scale up domestic production of electric passenger cars.
  • To encourage new global entrants into the Indian EV ecosystem and foster competition.

Important Terms Explained:

• SPMEPCI (Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Electric Passenger Cars in India):
  • A government initiative aimed at incentivizing new foreign EV manufacturers to enter the Indian market through concessional import duties tied to local investment commitments.
• Import Duty:
  • A tax imposed on goods brought into the country. Under SPMEPCI, this is reduced to 15% for eligible EVs, down from the typical 70–100%.
• EV (Electric Vehicle):
  • A vehicle powered by electric motors using energy stored in rechargeable batteries, increasingly promoted in India for reducing carbon emissions and oil dependency.
• Local Investment Requirement:
  • Automakers must invest a minimum of ₹41.5 billion in domestic manufacturing to qualify under the scheme, ensuring localization and industrial growth.

Tabular Summary:

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Books and Authors – Daily Current Affairs June 30

10. Who authored the newly released book on the POCSO Act in Tamil and Braille, launched in Madurai?
A) L. Victoria Gowri
B) G. Moorthy
C) K. Samidurai
D) R. Rajagopal
E) N. Krishnamurthy
Answer: C) K. Samidurai

Event and Location:

• Event: Release of awareness book on the POCSO Act in Tamil and Braille
• Location: Madurai, Tamil Nadu
• Date: June 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Justice L. Victoria Gowri of the Madras High Court released a book written by Advocate K. Samidurai to raise awareness about the POCSO Act.
• Objectives: To enhance public understanding of child protection laws by publishing the content in Tamil and Braille, promoting legal awareness among the visually impaired and Tamil-speaking populations.

Important Terms Explained:

• POCSO Act (Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act): Enacted in 2012, this law safeguards children under 18 from sexual abuse and exploitation, ensuring child-friendly procedures for reporting and trial.
• Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act (2013): A legislative framework designed to prevent and redress complaints of sexual harassment at workplaces, applicable to both public and private sectors.
• Braille: A tactile writing system used by visually impaired individuals; inclusion in legal education enhances accessibility and inclusiveness.

Tabular Summary:

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs June 30

11. Who has been appointed as the new Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of J&K Bank for a three-year term?
A) Fayaz Ahmad Ganai
B) Ketan Kumar Joshi
C) Rajnish Kumar
D) Sandeep Bakhshi
E) Rakesh Sharma
Answer: B) Ketan Kumar Joshi

Event and Location:

• Event: Appointment of new Chief Financial Officer at J&K Bank
• Location: Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir
• Date: June 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Jammu and Kashmir Bank announced the appointment of Ketan Kumar Joshi as its new Chief Financial Officer (CFO) for a term of three years, replacing Fayaz Ahmad Ganai, in compliance with SEBI regulations.
• Objectives: To strengthen the financial leadership of J&K Bank by leveraging Joshi’s 20+ years of banking experience to align capital growth with business and regulatory goals.

Important Terms Explained:

• Chief Financial Officer (CFO): A senior executive responsible for managing the financial actions of a company or institution, including financial planning, risk management, and reporting.
• SEBI Regulations: Rules and standards set by the Securities and Exchange Board of India to ensure transparency, accountability, and investor protection in financial disclosures and appointments.
• System Migration (FIS to BSG): Refers to the transition of a bank’s core banking system, improving efficiency, scalability, and compliance with regulatory standards.

Tabular Summary:

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs June 30

12. Where has India launched its first-ever hydrogen fuel cell-based commercial buses?
A) Manali
B) Shimla
C) Leh
D) Srinagar
E) Mussoorie
Answer: C) Leh

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of India’s first hydrogen fuel cell buses for commercial operations
• Location: Leh, Ladakh
• Date: June 20, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: NTPC launched five hydrogen fuel cell buses in Ladakh and handed them over to SIDCO for commercial operations in Leh.
• Objectives: To reduce carbon emissions, promote hydrogen mobility in high-altitude terrains, support India’s net-zero emission targets, and document operational learnings for future replication.

Important Terms Explained:

• Hydrogen Fuel Cell Bus: A clean energy vehicle that generates electricity through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, emitting only water vapor.
• NTPC Limited: India’s largest integrated power utility company responsible for initiating the hydrogen bus deployment and setting up the high-altitude hydrogen fuelling station.
• Net-Zero Emissions: A climate goal where greenhouse gas emissions are balanced by removing an equivalent amount from the atmosphere, aligning with India’s sustainability targets.

Tabular Summary:

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13. What is the name of the new High Performance Computing (HPC) cluster inaugurated by ICMR-NIV Pune for genomic research?
A) Shakti
B) Nakshatra
C) Vega
D) Vigyan
E) Prithvi
Answer: B) Nakshatra

Event and Location:

• Event: Inauguration of High Performance Computing (HPC) facility ‘Nakshatra’ for genomic and pandemic research
• Location: ICMR-National Institute of Virology (NIV), Pune
• Date: June 26, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: ICMR inaugurated its first High Performance Computing (HPC) facility named ‘Nakshatra’ to boost genomic surveillance, AI-driven vaccine discovery, and outbreak preparedness.
• Objectives: To enhance India’s capability for real-time genomic data analysis, pandemic preparedness, and support research under the Viksit Bharat 2047 vision.

Important Terms Explained:

• High Performance Computing (HPC): Advanced computing systems capable of processing massive volumes of data quickly, essential for modern genomic and bioinformatics analysis.
• Next Generation Sequencing (NGS): A method of sequencing DNA and RNA to identify genetic variations; critical for disease surveillance and research.
• Pandemic Preparedness: Strategic readiness for future outbreaks through data, technology, and rapid response infrastructure.
• Pradhan Mantri Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (PM ABHIM): A central scheme to strengthen health infrastructure, under which this HPC was developed.

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs June 30

14. Which state’s government implemented the Shakti Scheme to provide free bus travel for women, spending ₹12,000 crore in two years?
A) Tamil Nadu
B) Kerala
C) Karnataka
D) Maharashtra
E) Andhra Pradesh
Answer: C) Karnataka

Event and Location:

• Event: Completion of 2 years of the Shakti Scheme for free women’s bus travel
• Location: Karnataka
• Date: June 12, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Karnataka government implemented the Shakti Scheme, under which four RTCs—BMTC, KSRTC, NWKRTC, and KKRTC—offered free bus travel to women across the state without distance restrictions.
• Objectives: The scheme aims to empower women by enabling safe and free mobility, improve access to job opportunities, and increase public transport ridership across Karnataka.

Important Terms Explained:

• Shakti Scheme: A flagship initiative launched by the Karnataka government in June 2023, providing free bus travel to women on state-run RTC buses as part of the five guarantee schemes of the Congress government.
• RTC (Road Transport Corporation): State-owned public transport operators in Karnataka including BMTC, KSRTC, NWKRTC, and KKRTC that manage intercity and intracity bus services.
• Smart Cards: Proposed digital identity cards for scheme beneficiaries to streamline access, though currently Aadhaar verification is in use; rollout is still pending.

Tabular Summary:

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15. What is the amount sanctioned by the Kerala Tourism Department for the development of the Noottavan Para tourism project?
A) ₹1.5 crore
B) ₹2.2 crore
C) ₹3.5 crore
D) ₹2.8 crore
E) ₹5 crore
Answer: B) ₹2.2 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: Sanctioning of funds for the development of Noottavan Para tourism project
• Location: Puliyoor Grama Panchayat, Alappuzha, Kerala
• Date: June 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Kerala Tourism Department sanctioned ₹2.2 crore to develop Noottavan Para with facilities including a rest centre, rain shelters, ropeway, cantilever viewpoint, safety handrails, toilets, and CCTV surveillance.
• Objectives: The aim is to boost heritage and adventure tourism by creating a tourism circuit that highlights the cultural identity of the Chengannur region and integrates with other nearby tourist spots.

Important Terms Explained:

• Noottavan Para Project: A tourism infrastructure development initiative in Alappuzha district aimed at promoting cultural and adventure tourism under Kerala Tourism’s heritage circuit plan.
• Kerala Adventure Tourism Promotion Society: A technical body providing guidance to ensure quality and safety in tourism infrastructure related to adventure activities.
• Heritage Tourism Circuit: A government initiative to connect various culturally significant tourist destinations, enhancing visibility and visitor experience across heritage-rich regions.

Tabular Summary:

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16. Which location in Delhi is being used for the pilot Clean Air Zone trial using outdoor air purifiers?
A) Connaught Place
B) Khan Market
C) Nehru Park
D) India Gate
E) Lodhi Garden
Answer: C) Nehru Park

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of pilot trial for Clean Air Zone using outdoor air purifiers
• Location: Nehru Park, New Delhi
• Date: June 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Delhi Government, led by Environment Minister Manjinder Singh Sirsa and PWD Minister Parvesh Verma, has initiated a pilot project at Nehru Park to evaluate whether installing outdoor air purifiers can significantly reduce air pollution in public parks.
• Objectives: To explore science-driven, localized solutions for improving air quality during high AQI periods, create micro-climates of clean air, and potentially replicate the Clean Air Zone concept at other high-footfall locations like Connaught Place and Khan Market.

Important Terms Explained:

• Clean Air Zone: A defined area where air purification technology is installed to reduce airborne pollutants like PM 2.5, creating localized zones of cleaner air for public health and comfort.
• PM 2.5: Fine particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers, which poses serious health risks when inhaled. Reducing PM 2.5 is a critical component of air quality improvement.
• CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility): A mechanism through which private companies contribute to community development or environmental initiatives. In this case, CSR funds may be used to avoid burdening public finances for air purification projects.

Tabular Summary:

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17. Which joint venture will implement the 500 MW solar power project in Assam as per the recent agreement?
A) SECI and ONGC
B) APDCL and NTPC Green Energy
C) NARL and APDCL
D) NLCIL and NHPC
E) NIRL and PGCIL
Answer: C) NARL and APDCL

Event and Location:

• Event: Signing of agreement for 500 MW solar power plant development in Assam
• Location: Guwahati, Assam
• Date: June 27, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: A Deed of Agreement was signed between NARL (NIRL Assam Renewables Limited) and APDCL (Assam Power Distribution Company Limited) for the development of a 500 MW solar power generation plant at Lahorijan, Karbi Anglong, Assam.
• Objectives: To advance renewable energy infrastructure in Assam and the Northeast, support India’s Renewable Purchase Obligations (RPO), and contribute to the national goal of a Viksit Bharat by 2047.

Important Terms Explained:

• NARL (NIRL Assam Renewables Limited): A joint venture between NLC India Renewables Ltd (NIRL) and APDCL, tasked with implementing renewable energy projects in Assam.
• APDCL (Assam Power Distribution Company Ltd): A government-owned distribution utility responsible for power distribution in Assam; it will provide land and support for solar development.
• Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO): A regulatory mandate requiring electricity distribution companies and large consumers to purchase a specific share of power from renewable sources.
• Viksit Bharat: A vision for a developed India by the year 2047, focusing on sustainable growth, clean energy, and inclusive infrastructure.

Tabular Summary:

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18. What was the theme of the 19th Statistics Day celebrated by MoSPI in 2025?
A) Data for Sustainable Development
B) Power of Real-Time Statistics
C) 75 Years of National Sample Survey
D) Inclusive Growth through Data
E) Advancing India with Numbers
Answer: C) 75 Years of National Sample Survey

Event and Location:

• Event: Celebration of 19th Statistics Day and commemoration of Prof. P. C. Mahalanobis’s 132nd birth anniversary
• Location: Dr. Ambedkar International Centre, New Delhi
• Date: June 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) organized the 19th Statistics Day to honour the contributions of Prof. P. C. Mahalanobis, with focus on the 75th year of the National Sample Survey (NSS).
• Objectives: To raise awareness about the importance of statistics in national development and policymaking, celebrate the legacy of Prof. Mahalanobis, and promote technological transformation of the National Statistical Office (NSO) for real-time, transparent, and inclusive data systems.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Sample Survey (NSS): Launched in 1950, it is India’s largest ongoing socio-economic survey mechanism that provides essential data for policymaking across health, consumption, labour, etc.
• Prof. P. C. Mahalanobis: A pioneering Indian statistician, founder of the Indian Statistical Institute, and architect of India’s statistical system; June 29 is celebrated as Statistics Day in his honour.
• CAPI (Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing): A digital method of data collection replacing paper surveys, improving accuracy and reducing time-lag in publishing survey results.
• eSankhyiki Portal: MoSPI’s digital data dissemination platform offering public access to over 135 million records and visualizations for policy and research use.
• GoIStat App: A mobile application launched by MoSPI to enable real-time and mobile-friendly access to official statistical data, completing a web–portal–app ecosystem.

Tabular Summary:

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19. Who led the 29th edition of the Fit India Sundays on Cycle event in Palitana, Gujarat?
A) Narendra Modi
B) Babita Phogat
C) Mansukh Mandaviya
D) Anurag Thakur
E) Shikha Gupta
Answer: C) Mansukh Mandaviya

Event and Location:

• Event: 29th edition of Fit India Sundays on Cycle movement
• Location: Palitana, Gujarat (also conducted at 6,000 locations nationwide)
• Date: June 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports (MYAS) led by Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya conducted the 29th edition of the Fit India Sundays on Cycle initiative with Swachhata Senanis, sanitation workers, and citizens participating in mass cycling events across 6,000 locations.
• Objectives: To promote a healthy and active lifestyle, integrate fitness with cleanliness, and make cycling a national trend, especially among the youth, aligning with the vision of Viksit Bharat and the Fit India Movement launched in 2019.

Important Terms Explained:

• Fit India Sundays on Cycle: A weekly cycling movement started in December 2024 under the Fit India Movement, encouraging mass participation in cycling every Sunday to promote physical fitness and environmental awareness.
• Swachhata Senanis: Sanitation workers and cleanliness volunteers who are recognized as frontline warriors in maintaining public hygiene and now promoting health through fitness campaigns.
• MY Bharat (Mera Yuva Bharat): A government platform under the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports aimed at youth engagement in nation-building activities including sports, cleanliness drives, and volunteering.

Tabular Summary:

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20. Where has Ericsson inaugurated its first India-made export-ready antenna manufacturing facility?
A) Hyderabad
B) Pune
C) Bengaluru
D) Manesar
E) Noida
Answer: D) Manesar

Event and Location:

• Event: Inauguration of Ericsson’s first India-made antenna manufacturing facility
• Location: VVDN Innovation Park, Manesar, Haryana
• Date: June 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Union Minister Jyotiraditya M. Scindia inaugurated Ericsson’s antenna manufacturing facility developed in collaboration with VVDN Technologies, aimed at producing passive antennas for both domestic and global telecom markets.
• Objectives: To promote India’s manufacturing and digital infrastructure capacity under Make in India and Make for the World campaigns, strengthen telecom self-reliance, and position India as a global antenna ecosystem hub through exports and localized innovation.

Important Terms Explained:

• Passive Antennas: Hardware components used in wireless communication networks that do not require external power to operate, essential in mobile and broadband signal transmission.
• PLI Scheme (Production Linked Incentive): A flagship scheme of the Government of India offering incentives on incremental sales of goods manufactured in India to boost domestic manufacturing and attract global investments.
• VVDN Technologies: An Indian product engineering and electronics manufacturing company that collaborated with Ericsson to set up the antenna production facility.
• Make for the World: An extension of the Make in India initiative focused on producing globally competitive products in India for export markets.
• 5G Use Case Labs: Labs established by the Department of Telecommunications in 100 academic institutes to foster innovation, training, and development in 5G applications.

Tabular Summary:

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21. Which scheme was discussed during the 8th National Level Steering Committee meeting chaired by Ms. Debashree Mukherjee in June 2025?
A) Jal Jeevan Mission
B) Atal Bhujal Yojana
C) Namami Gange Mission
D) PM Krishi Sinchayee Yojana
E) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
Answer: B) Atal Bhujal Yojana

Event and Location:

• Event: 8th National Level Steering Committee (NLSC) meeting of Atal Bhujal Yojana
• Location: New Delhi
• Date: June 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation (DoWR, RD & GR) under the Ministry of Jal Shakti held the 8th NLSC meeting chaired by Ms. Debashree Mukherjee, to assess and review the implementation of the Atal Bhujal Yojana.
• Objectives: To review progress, promote knowledge sharing, scale up successful pilots, and integrate community-led groundwater management with sustainable practices across states. Emphasis was also placed on mandatory water budgeting at the Gram Panchayat level and long-term sustainability of created infrastructure.

Important Terms Explained:

• Atal Bhujal Yojana (Atal Jal): A Central Sector Scheme launched in 2020, supported by the World Bank, aimed at improving groundwater management through community participation, demand-side management, and decentralized governance.
• Water Budgeting: A local planning tool that quantifies available groundwater and estimates usage patterns to ensure efficient and sustainable water use.
• National Level Steering Committee (NLSC): Apex body guiding and monitoring the implementation of Atal Bhujal Yojana across participating states.
• Quality Council of India (QCI): A government-affiliated body that conducted third-party impact assessment of the scheme, highlighting positive outcomes such as women’s participation, inclusivity, and behavioral change.

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22. Under what specific conditions can Central Government employees under the Unified Pension Scheme (UPS) avail Old Pension Scheme (OPS) benefits?
A) On voluntary retirement after 10 years
B) On promotion to Group A posts
C) In case of death or disablement while in service
D) On completing 20 years of service
E) After transferring to a state government department
Answer: C) In case of death or disablement while in service

Event and Location:

• Event: Extension of OPS benefits to UPS-covered Central Government employees under specific conditions
• Location: Nationwide (issued by Ministry of Personnel, Government of India)
• Date: June 18, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Department of Pension and Pensioners’ Welfare (DoPPW) under the Ministry of Personnel issued an Office Memorandum stating that Central Government employees covered under Unified Pension Scheme (UPS) will now be entitled to Old Pension Scheme (OPS) benefits in case of death during service or discharge due to invalidation or disablement.
• Objectives: To ensure financial security and family welfare of employees affected by unforeseen service-ending conditions and offer a supportive pension fallback under OPS in critical cases, even if the employee opted for UPS or NPS.

Important Terms Explained:

• Unified Pension Scheme (UPS): A pension scheme introduced under NPS by the Central Government from April 1, 2025, offering assured pay-outs under prescribed conditions; available to both existing and newly recruited central government employees.
• Old Pension Scheme (OPS): A defined benefit pension plan governed by the CCS (Pension) Rules, where retirees receive fixed pensions based on last drawn salary and service length.
• CCS (Extraordinary Pension) Rules, 2023: Rules that govern pension benefits in special circumstances such as death, injury, or disablement caused in service.
• Rule 10 of CCS (Implementation of NPS) Rules, 2021: Allows central government employees under NPS to choose OPS benefits in the event of death or invalidation, subject to formal opting.
• Department of Pension and Pensioners’ Welfare (DoPPW): The nodal agency for implementing pension policies for Central Government employees.

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23. Which institution is partnering with the Ministry of Panchayati Raj to train Panchayats in generating their Own Source Revenue (OSR)?
A) IIM Bangalore
B) IIPA Delhi
C) NIRDPR Hyderabad
D) IIM Ahmedabad
E) LBSNAA Mussoorie
Answer: D) IIM Ahmedabad

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of ToT programme to train Panchayats in generating Own Source Revenue (OSR)
• Location: Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA), New Delhi
• Date: June 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Panchayati Raj (MoPR), in partnership with IIM Ahmedabad, launched a Training of Trainers (ToT) programme to build capacity among Panchayats for Own Source Revenue (OSR) generation under the Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (RGSA).
• Objectives: To promote financial autonomy of Panchayats, develop model revenue frameworks, strengthen local governance through innovation and behavioural change, and create Atmanirbhar Panchayats.

Important Terms Explained:

• Own Source Revenue (OSR): Funds that Panchayats raise through their own efforts—such as taxes, fees, fines, and other local charges—distinct from grants or centrally allocated funds.
• Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (RGSA): A flagship scheme by MoPR aimed at strengthening Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) through capacity building, training, and digital enablement.
• Training of Trainers (ToT): A structured programme to prepare Master Trainers who will further train others at the grassroots level, enabling large-scale implementation and knowledge dissemination.
• Digital Tax Collection Portal: A proposed digital platform being developed by MoPR to improve local tax collection and financial transparency across Panchayats.

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24. What visionary initiative did the Prime Minister propose during the 47th AGM of PMML Society in 2025?
A) Digital History Archive
B) National Heritage Festival
C) Museum Map of India
D) Bharat Culture Project
E) Smart Museum Policy
Answer: C) Museum Map of India

Event and Location:

• Event: 47th Annual General Meeting of Prime Ministers Museum and Library (PMML) Society
• Location: Teen Murti Bhawan, New Delhi
• Date: June 23, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Prime Minister chaired the 47th AGM of PMML Society, proposed the development of a Museum Map of India, and emphasized digital transformation and documentation of historical records.
• Objectives: To enhance public engagement with museums, preserve historical records including those of the Emergency, and modernize museum governance through digital databases and capacity-building initiatives.

Important Terms Explained:

• Prime Ministers Museum and Library (PMML): An institution that documents the lives, contributions, and legacies of India’s Prime Ministers, located at Teen Murti Bhawan, New Delhi.
• Museum Map of India: A proposed unified national-level database and mapping initiative to list all museums across India, showcasing their themes, visitor data, and cultural significance.
• Emergency Period (1975-1977): A 21-month period in India marked by suspended constitutional rights, censorship, and mass arrests; the PM called for compiling all legal cases related to it for future reference.

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