Daily Current Affairs February 23
Table of Contents
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February 23 | Daily Current Affairs 2025
Important Days – Daily Current Affairs February 23
1. World Peace and Understanding Day is observed every year on 23 February to commemorate which historic event?
A) Formation of the United Nations
B) First Rotary meeting in Chicago
C) Adoption of Universal Declaration of Human Rights
D) Establishment of League of Nations
E) Launch of Rotary Peace Fellowship
Answer: B) First Rotary meeting in Chicago
Event and Location:
- Event: Celebration of World Peace and Understanding Day 2026 marking the founding of Rotary
- Location: Global observance; first meeting held in Chicago, USA
- Date: 23 February 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Observance of the day to commemorate the 1905 founding of Rotary International, promote peacebuilding activities, encourage ethical leadership, and strengthen international cooperation through dialogue and humanitarian service.
- Objectives: To foster global harmony through justice, empathy, and cross-cultural understanding, address root causes of conflict such as poverty and inequality, and reinforce Rotary’s principle of “Service Above Self.”
Important Terms Explained:
- Rotary International: A global humanitarian service organization founded in 1905 by Paul P. Harris in Chicago that works across more than 200 countries and regions focusing on peacebuilding, health, education, and community development.
- World Understanding Month: Observed in February each year by Rotary to promote international understanding and goodwill, culminating in World Peace and Understanding Day on 23 February.
- Rotary Peace and Conflict Resolution Programme: A graduate-level fellowship initiative under Rotary that selects around 75 scholars annually to study peacebuilding and conflict resolution at leading universities worldwide.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | World Peace and Understanding Day 2026 |
| Announcement date | 23 February 2026 |
| Location | Global; commemorates event in Chicago, USA |
| Issuing authority | Rotary International |
| Policy/series name | World Understanding Month |
| Key figures | Paul P. Harris |
| Purpose/reason | To promote global peace, ethical leadership and international cooperation |
| Feature details | Observance of Rotary’s founding and emphasis on peacebuilding initiatives |
| Validity or status | Observed annually on 23 February |
| Strategic/significant value | Strengthens dialogue, justice and sustainable global harmony |
Obituary – Daily Current Affairs February 23
2. Mukul Roy, who passed away in February 2026, had briefly served as which Union Minister?
A) Union Home Minister
B) Union Defence Minister
C) Union Railway Minister
D) Union Finance Minister
E) Union External Affairs Minister
Answer: C) Union Railway Minister
Event and Location:
- Event: Demise of senior West Bengal politician Mukul Roy
- Location: Kolkata, West Bengal
- Date: 23 February 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Public confirmation of the demise of Mukul Roy, senior leader of the All India Trinamool Congress (TMC) and former Union Railway Minister, following a massive cardiac arrest.
- Objectives: To acknowledge his political contributions in West Bengal politics, his role in the 2011 Assembly election victory ending 34 years of Left Front rule, and his tenure in national politics including service in the Union Cabinet.
Important Terms Explained:
- All India Trinamool Congress (TMC): A regional political party founded in 1998 by Mamata Banerjee, primarily active in West Bengal politics.
- Union Railway Minister: Cabinet Minister in the Government of India responsible for the Ministry of Railways and Indian Railways operations.
- Left Front: A coalition of left-wing parties led by the Communist Party of India (Marxist) that ruled West Bengal for 34 years from 1977 to 2011.
- Narada Sting Controversy: A political sting operation case involving allegations of corruption against several West Bengal politicians.
- Rajya Sabha: The Upper House of the Parliament of India representing the states and union territories.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | Demise of Mukul Roy |
| Announcement date | 23 February 2026 |
| Location | Kolkata, West Bengal |
| Issuing authority | Family confirmation; reported by hospital authorities |
| Policy/series name | — |
| Key figures | Mukul Roy, Mamata Banerjee, PM Manmohan Singh |
| Purpose/reason | Death due to massive cardiac arrest |
| Feature details | Former Union Railway Minister; key strategist in 2011 WB election |
| Validity or status | Senior TMC leader; largely inactive since 2022 due to health |
| Strategic/significant value | Played decisive role in ending 34 years of Left Front rule in West Bengal |
Ranking – Daily Current Affairs February 23
3. Which company ranked first in the Hurun India Impact 50–2026 list of Top 10 Sustainable Companies in India?
A) HCL Technologies
B) Tata Motors
C) Hindustan Unilever
D) ITC
E) Tata Steel
Answer: C) Hindustan Unilever
Event and Location:
- Event: Release of Hurun India Impact 50–2026 ranking Top 10 Sustainable Companies in India
- Location: India
- Date: February 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Evaluation of 50 leading Indian companies under the Hurun India Impact 50–2026 report based on their alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and ESG performance indicators.
- Objectives: To benchmark corporate sustainability performance, assess integration of environmental and social goals into business strategy, promote climate action and gender equality, and encourage ESG-driven long-term value creation.
Top 10 Sustainable Companies in India 2026 – (Hurun India Impact 50–2026)
| Rank | Company | Score | Rating | Industry | Headquarters |
| 1 | Hindustan Unilever | 53.9 | AAA | Consumer Goods | Mumbai |
| 2 | HCL Technologies | 53.8 | AAA | Software & Services | Noida |
| 3 | Grasim Industries | 52.6 | AAA | Construction Materials | Mumbai |
| 4 | Tata Motors | 51.8 | AAA | Automobile & Auto Components | Mumbai |
| 5 | Dabur India | 50.3 | AAA | Consumer Goods | Ghaziabad |
| 6 | Lupin | 50.2 | AAA | Healthcare | Mumbai |
| 7 | Hindustan Zinc | 47.9 | AAA | Metals & Mining | Udaipur |
| 8 | ITC | 47.7 | AAA | Consumer Goods | Kolkata |
| 9 | LTIMindtree | 47.6 | AAA | Software & Services | Mumbai |
| 10 | Tata Steel | 47.4 | AAA | Metals & Mining | Mumbai |
Important Terms Explained:
- Hurun India Impact 50–2026: A sustainability ranking report published by Hurun Research Institute in collaboration with Perpetual Capital, evaluating Indian companies based on ESG metrics and SDG alignment.
- United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): A set of 17 global goals adopted by the United Nations in 2015 to address global challenges including climate change, poverty, education, and sustainable development by 2030.
- ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance): A framework used to measure a company’s sustainability performance based on environmental impact, social responsibility, and governance standards.
- Climate Action (SDG 13): A UN SDG focused on combating climate change through emission reduction, renewable energy adoption, and sustainable practices.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | Hurun India Impact 50–2026 Ranking |
| Announcement date | February 2026 |
| Location | India |
| Issuing authority | Hurun Research Institute & Perpetual Capital |
| Policy/series name | Impact 50–2026 |
| Key figures | Top ranked company – Hindustan Unilever (53.9 score) |
| Purpose/reason | To evaluate corporate alignment with SDGs and ESG standards |
| Feature details | Assessment based on climate action, clean energy, education, water conservation and gender equality |
| Validity or status | Annual sustainability ranking |
| Strategic/significant value | Enhances investor confidence and promotes ESG-driven corporate growth |
4. According to the Federation of American Scientists (October 2025 report), which country has the largest nuclear stockpile in 2025–26?
A) United States
B) China
C) Russia
D) France
E) India
Answer: C) Russia
Event and Location:
- Event: Release of updated global nuclear stockpile data for 2025–26
- Location: Global
- Date: October 2025 report (data valid for early 2026)
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Publication of global nuclear weapons data by the Federation of American Scientists (FAS) assessing military stockpiles and total nuclear inventories of nuclear-armed countries.
- Objectives: To provide transparent data on nuclear arsenals, assess global security trends, monitor stockpile changes, and inform international discussions on arms control and non-proliferation.
Top 9 Countries with the Largest Nuclear Stockpiles (2025–26)
| Rank | Country | Military Stockpile | Total Inventory |
| 1 | Russia | 4,309 | 5,459 |
| 2 | United States | 3,700 | 5,177 |
| 3 | China | 600 | 600 |
| 4 | France | 290 | 370 |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 225 | 225 |
| 6 | India | 180 | 180 |
| 7 | Pakistan | 170 | 170 |
| 8 | Israel | 90 | 90 |
| 9 | North Korea | 50 | 50 |
Important Terms Explained:
- Federation of American Scientists (FAS): A U.S.-based non-profit organization that provides research and analysis on global security, including nuclear weapons data and arms control monitoring.
- Military Stockpile: The number of nuclear warheads assigned for potential military use, including deployed and reserve weapons.
- Total Inventory: The complete count of nuclear warheads owned by a country, including retired and awaiting dismantlement weapons.
- Strategic Nuclear Weapons: Long-range nuclear weapons designed for large-scale targets, often delivered by intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), submarines, or strategic bombers.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | Global Nuclear Stockpile Report 2025–26 |
| Announcement date | October 2025 (FAS Report) |
| Location | Global |
| Issuing authority | Federation of American Scientists |
| Policy/series name | Global Nuclear Inventory Assessment |
| Key figures | Russia (5,459 total), USA (5,177 total) |
| Purpose/reason | To assess and publish nuclear weapons data worldwide |
| Feature details | 12,321 total global warheads; Russia and USA hold 86% combined |
| Validity or status | Data valid for early 2026 |
| Strategic/significant value | Highlights global nuclear balance and security concerns |
Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs February 23
5. PhonePe’s AI-powered natural language search feature has been built using which platform?
A) Google Vertex AI
B) Amazon Web Services SageMaker
C) Microsoft Foundry
D) IBM Watson
E) OpenAI Azure Studio
Answer: C) Microsoft Foundry
Event and Location:
- Event: Launch of AI-powered natural language search feature by PhonePe
- Location: India
- Date: 23 February 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Introduction of an AI-driven natural language search feature within the PhonePe app to enable voice and text-based payment navigation built on Microsoft Foundry infrastructure.
- Objectives: To enhance user convenience through intent-based conversational search, improve personalization, strengthen privacy protection, and make digital payments more intuitive and secure across India.
Important Terms Explained:
- Natural Language Search: An AI-enabled feature that allows users to interact with applications using everyday language instead of menu-based navigation.
- Microsoft Foundry: A cloud-based AI development and deployment platform that supports scalable and secure artificial intelligence solutions.
- Hybrid AI Model: A system that combines on-device processing and cloud inferencing to optimize speed, privacy, and efficiency.
- FASTag: An electronic toll collection system in India using RFID technology for automatic toll payments directly from linked bank accounts or wallets.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | Launch of PhonePe AI Natural Language Search |
| Announcement date | 23 February 2026 |
| Location | India |
| Issuing authority | PhonePe |
| Policy/series name | AI-powered Natural Language Search |
| Key figures | Rahul Chari; Sameer Nigam |
| Purpose/reason | To simplify digital payments through conversational AI |
| Feature details | Voice/text commands for payments, FASTag recharge, transaction tracking |
| Validity or status | Phased rollout across India |
| Strategic/significant value | Strengthens AI-driven digital payment ecosystem with privacy-first architecture |
Books and Authors – Daily Current Affairs February 23
6. Who released the book “Atal Bihari Vajpayee: The Eternal Statesman” in New Delhi in February 2026?
A) President Droupadi Murmu
B) Prime Minister Narendra Modi
C) Vice-President C. P. Radhakrishnan
D) Home Minister Amit Shah
E) Defence Minister Rajnath Singh
Answer: C) Vice-President C. P. Radhakrishnan
Event and Location:
- Event: Release of the book Atal Bihari Vajpayee: The Eternal Statesman
- Location: New Delhi, India
- Date: February 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Formal release of the coffee table book Atal Bihari Vajpayee: The Eternal Statesman by the Vice-President of India highlighting the life, leadership, and legacy of Bharat Ratna Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
- Objectives: To commemorate Vajpayee’s contributions to Indian democracy, national security, infrastructure development, and consensus-driven politics, and to preserve his legacy for future generations.
Important Terms Explained:
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee: The Eternal Statesman: A coffee table book that documents the personal and political journey of former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, highlighting his leadership milestones and democratic values.
- Bharat Ratna: India’s highest civilian award conferred in recognition of exceptional service toward the advancement of art, literature, science, and public service.
- Pokhran Nuclear Tests (1998): A series of underground nuclear tests conducted by India in May 1998 under Prime Minister Vajpayee, strengthening India’s strategic and defence capabilities.
- Delhi Metro Project: A major urban mass transit initiative launched during Vajpayee’s tenure that transformed public transportation infrastructure in the National Capital Region.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | Release of Atal Bihari Vajpayee: The Eternal Statesman |
| Announcement date | February 2026 |
| Location | New Delhi |
| Issuing authority | Office of the Vice-President of India |
| Policy/series name | — |
| Key figures | Vice-President C. P. Radhakrishnan; Atal Bihari Vajpayee |
| Purpose/reason | To honour and document Vajpayee’s leadership and democratic legacy |
| Feature details | Highlights Pokhran tests, Delhi Metro vision, dialogue-based politics |
| Validity or status | Commemorative publication |
| Strategic/significant value | Reinforces Vajpayee’s contributions to national security and infrastructure development |
7. On which occasion were the Tamil and Gujarati editions of the Constitution of India released by the Vice-President in 2026?
A) Constitution Day
B) Republic Day
C) Independence Day
D) International Mother Language Day
E) National Law Day
Answer: D) International Mother Language Day
Event and Location:
- Event: Release of updated Tamil and Gujarati editions of the Constitution of India and 8th Edition of Legal Glossary (English–Hindi)
- Location: Uprashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi
- Date: 21 February 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Launch of regional language editions of the Constitution of India in Tamil and Gujarati along with the 8th Edition of the Legal Glossary (English–Hindi) by the Vice-President of India.
- Objectives: To promote linguistic diversity, enhance accessibility of constitutional knowledge in regional languages, strengthen democratic participation, and encourage multilingual governance across India.
Important Terms Explained:
- Constitution of India: The supreme law of India adopted on 26 November 1949 and effective from 26 January 1950, defining the structure, powers, and duties of the government and fundamental rights of citizens.
- International Mother Language Day: Observed annually on 21 February to promote linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism worldwide.
- Legal Glossary (English–Hindi): An official publication that simplifies and standardizes complex legal terminology to assist lawmakers, judicial officers, students, and researchers.
- Eighth Schedule of the Constitution: A constitutional provision recognizing 22 official languages of India, promoting their development and preservation.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | Launch of Tamil & Gujarati Constitution Editions |
| Announcement date | 21 February 2026 |
| Location | Uprashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi |
| Issuing authority | Office of the Vice-President of India |
| Policy/series name | Multilingual Constitution Initiative |
| Key figures | VP C. P. Radhakrishnan; Arjun Ram Meghwal |
| Purpose/reason | To promote constitutional awareness in regional languages |
| Feature details | Release of Tamil & Gujarati editions and 8th Legal Glossary |
| Validity or status | Updated regional language editions |
| Strategic/significant value | Strengthens linguistic diversity and inclusive governance |
Awards – Daily Current Affairs February 23
8. Which film won the Best Film award at the 79th EE British Academy Film Awards (BAFTA) 2026?
A) Sinners
B) Hamnet
C) One Battle After Another
D) Frankenstein
E) I Swear
Answer: C) One Battle After Another
Event and Location:
- Event: 79th EE British Academy Film Awards (BAFTA) 2026 ceremony
- Location: Royal Festival Hall, London, United Kingdom
- Date: 22 February 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: The British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) organized the annual awards ceremony to recognize excellence in British and international cinema across categories including acting, direction, screenplay, and technical achievements.
- Objectives: To honour outstanding artistic and technical contributions in film, promote British cinema globally, and celebrate achievements in storytelling, direction, acting, and production.
Important Terms Explained:
- BAFTA (British Academy of Film and Television Arts): An independent arts charity established in 1947 that presents annual awards to honour excellence in film, television, and games in the United Kingdom and internationally.
- EE British Academy Film Awards: The official name of the BAFTA Film Awards since 2013 following sponsorship by EE, recognizing achievements in cinematic excellence.
- BAFTA Fellowship: The highest honour bestowed by BAFTA recognizing an individual’s outstanding contribution to film, television, or games.
- EE Rising Star Award: A public-voted BAFTA award that recognises emerging acting talent demonstrating exceptional potential in the film industry.
BAFTA Film Awards 2026 – Complete Winners List
| Category | Winner | Film/Work |
| Best Film | — | One Battle After Another |
| Outstanding British Film | — | Hamnet |
| Outstanding Debut by a British Writer, Director or Producer | — | My Father’s Shadow |
| Film Not in the English Language | — | Sentimental Value |
| Documentary | — | Mr. Nobody Against Putin |
| Animated Film | — | Zootropolis 2 (Zootopia 2) |
| Children’s & Family Film | — | Boong |
| Director | Paul Thomas Anderson | One Battle After Another |
| Original Screenplay | Ryan Coogler | Sinners |
| Adapted Screenplay | Paul Thomas Anderson | One Battle After Another |
| Leading Actress | Jessie Buckley | Hamnet |
| Leading Actor | Robert Aramayo | I Swear |
| Supporting Actress | Wunmi Mosaku | Sinners |
| Supporting Actor | Sean Penn | One Battle After Another |
| EE Rising Star Award | Robert Aramayo | — |
| Casting | Lauren Evans | I Swear |
| Cinematography | Michael Bauman | One Battle After Another |
| Editing | Andy Jurgensen | One Battle After Another |
| Costume Design | Kate Hawley | Frankenstein |
| Make Up & Hair | — | Frankenstein |
| Original Score | Ludwig Göransson | Sinners |
| Production Design | — | Frankenstein |
| Sound | — | F1 |
| Special Visual Effects | — | Avatar: Fire And Ash |
| British Short Animation | — | Two Black Boys In Paradise |
| British Short Film | — | This Is Endometriosis |
| BAFTA Fellowship | Donna Langley | — |
| Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema | Clare Binns | — |
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | 79th EE BAFTA Film Awards 2026 |
| Announcement date | 22 February 2026 |
| Location | Royal Festival Hall, London, UK |
| Issuing authority | British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) |
| Policy/series name | EE British Academy Film Awards |
| Key figures | Paul Thomas Anderson, Robert Aramayo, Jessie Buckley |
| Purpose/reason | To honour excellence in British and international cinema |
| Feature details | One Battle After Another won six awards including Best Film and Director |
| Validity or status | Annual award ceremony; 79th edition held in 2026 |
| Strategic/significant value | Promotes global recognition of British and international film achievements |
9. The 475-year-old Our Lady of Grace Cathedral in Vasai won which award in 2025?
A) UNESCO World Heritage Tag
B) UNESCO Asia-Pacific Award of Distinction
C) UNESCO Asia-Pacific Award of Merit
D) INTACH Heritage Excellence Award
E) UNESCO Cultural Landscape Award
Answer: C) UNESCO Asia-Pacific Award of Merit
Event and Location:
- Event: Our Lady of Grace Cathedral wins UNESCO Asia-Pacific Award of Merit 2025
- Location: Vasai (Papdy village), Maharashtra, India
- Date: Announcement in 2025 (Silver Jubilee Edition of Awards)
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Recognition of the restoration of the 475-year-old Our Lady of Grace Cathedral under the UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation 2025.
- Objectives: To promote sustainable heritage conservation, preserve Portuguese-era architecture, encourage community-led restoration, and highlight the importance of traditional craftsmanship in protecting cultural identity.
Important Terms Explained:
- UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation: An award established to recognize exemplary conservation efforts of built heritage structures across the Asia-Pacific region, promoting sustainability and community participation.
- Award of Merit: A category under the UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards recognizing noteworthy conservation projects demonstrating technical excellence and community impact.
- Portuguese-era Architecture: Architectural style introduced during Portuguese colonial rule in India, characterized by stone masonry, arches, bell towers, and tiled roofing.
- Mangalore Tiles: Traditional clay roofing tiles widely used in coastal India known for durability and suitability to tropical climates.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | UNESCO Asia-Pacific Award of Merit 2025 |
| Announcement date | 2025 |
| Location | Vasai, Maharashtra |
| Issuing authority | UNESCO |
| Policy/series name | UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation |
| Key figures | Architect Ainsley Lewis; Fr John Furgose; Archbishop Felix Machado |
| Purpose/reason | Recognition of community-led restoration of 16th-century cathedral |
| Feature details | ₹4.5 crore restoration using traditional craftsmanship and sustainable methods |
| Validity or status | Award of Merit under 25th edition of UNESCO Awards |
| Strategic/significant value | Boosts heritage conservation awareness and global cultural recognition for India |
10. Shashi Tharoor was conferred an honorary Doctor of Letters (D.Litt) degree by which institution in February 2026?
A) University of Calcutta
B) Jadavpur University
C) St Xavier’s University, Kolkata
D) Presidency University
E) Visva-Bharati University
Answer: C) St Xavier’s University, Kolkata
Event and Location:
- Event: Conferment of Honorary Doctor of Letters (D.Litt – Honoris Causa) to Shashi Tharoor
- Location: Biswa Bangla Convention Centre, New Town, Kolkata
- Date: 21 February 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Awarding of Doctor of Letters (D.Litt – Honoris Causa) to Shashi Tharoor during the 7th Convocation Ceremony of St Xavier’s University, Kolkata.
- Objectives: To recognise Shashi Tharoor’s contributions to public life, literature, diplomacy, and parliamentary service, and to inspire graduating students through his academic and civic achievements.
Important Terms Explained:
- Doctor of Letters (D.Litt – Honoris Causa): An honorary doctoral degree awarded in recognition of distinguished contributions to literature, public service, academia, or society.
- Convocation Ceremony: A formal academic event during which degrees are conferred upon graduating students.
- Honoris Causa: A Latin term meaning “for the sake of honour,” used to denote honorary degrees awarded without the usual academic requirements.
- Lok Sabha: The Lower House of the Parliament of India, directly elected by the people.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | Conferment of Honorary D.Litt to Shashi Tharoor |
| Announcement date | 21 February 2026 |
| Location | Biswa Bangla Convention Centre, Kolkata |
| Issuing authority | St Xavier’s University, Kolkata |
| Policy/series name | 7th Convocation Ceremony |
| Key figures | Shashi Tharoor |
| Purpose/reason | Recognition of contributions to literature and public service |
| Feature details | 1,052 students awarded degrees; 25 PhDs; 17 gold medallists |
| Validity or status | Honorary academic recognition |
| Strategic/significant value | Highlights role of academia in honouring public intellectuals |
Defence – Daily Current Affairs February 23
11. The 16th edition of Exercise Vajra Prahar 2026 between India and the United States is being conducted at which location?
A) Umroi, Meghalaya
B) Pokhran, Rajasthan
C) Bakloh, Himachal Pradesh
D) Jaisalmer, Rajasthan
E) Idaho, USA
Answer: C) Bakloh, Himachal Pradesh
Event and Location:
- Event: 16th edition of India–US Joint Special Forces Exercise Vajra Prahar 2026
- Location: Special Forces Training School, Bakloh, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Date: 23 February to 15 March 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Conduct of the 16th edition of Exercise Vajra Prahar, a bilateral Special Forces joint training exercise between the Indian Army and the United States Army.
- Objectives: To enhance interoperability, strengthen joint operational readiness, promote exchange of advanced special operations tactics, improve counter-terrorism capabilities, and deepen defence cooperation between India and the United States.
Important Terms Explained:
- Exercise Vajra Prahar: An annual India–US joint Special Forces military exercise conducted alternately in both countries focusing on counter-terrorism and high-intensity combat operations.
- Interoperability: The ability of military forces from different countries to operate together effectively through coordinated tactics, communication, and joint planning.
- US Army Green Berets: Elite Special Forces unit of the United States Army specializing in unconventional warfare, counter-terrorism, and foreign internal defense.
- Exercise Vayushakti-26: A major operational exercise conducted by the Indian Air Force (IAF) to demonstrate air combat capability, precision strikes, and humanitarian assistance operations.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | Exercise Vajra Prahar 2026 |
| Announcement date | 23 February 2026 |
| Location | Bakloh, Himachal Pradesh |
| Issuing authority | Indian Army and United States Army |
| Policy/series name | India–US Joint Special Forces Exercise |
| Key figures | Indian Special Forces and US Army Green Berets |
| Purpose/reason | To strengthen counter-terror and joint operational capabilities |
| Feature details | Close-quarter battle drills, urban warfare, high-altitude and semi-desert training |
| Validity or status | 16th edition; conducted alternately in India and the US |
| Strategic/significant value | Enhances India–US defence partnership and Indo-Pacific stability |
International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs February 23
12. India and Brazil have set a target to raise their bilateral trade to what amount within the next five years?
A) $10 billion
B) $15 billion
C) $20 billion
D) $25 billion
E) $30 billion
Answer: C) $20 billion
Event and Location:
- Event: Exchange of 10 agreements between India and Brazil to strengthen Strategic Partnership
- Location: New Delhi, India
- Date: February 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Signing of ten agreements between India and Brazil covering sectors such as critical minerals, defence, digital cooperation, health, MSMEs, traditional knowledge, and mass communication during President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva’s visit to India.
- Objectives: To deepen the India–Brazil Strategic Partnership, increase bilateral trade to $20 billion within five years, strengthen Global South cooperation, build resilient supply chains, promote digital public infrastructure, and enhance collaboration in defence and multilateral forums.
Important Terms Explained:
- India–Brazil Strategic Partnership: A bilateral framework elevated in 2006 to enhance cooperation in political, economic, defence, and multilateral domains between the two countries.
- Critical Minerals and Rare Earths: Strategically important minerals essential for high-technology industries, renewable energy systems, semiconductors, and defence manufacturing.
- Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI): Digital systems such as digital identity, payments, and data-sharing platforms that enable efficient governance and financial inclusion.
- Global South: A grouping of developing and emerging economies primarily in Asia, Africa, and Latin America advocating equitable global governance and development.
- BRICS: An intergovernmental grouping of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa aimed at strengthening economic and political cooperation among emerging economies.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | India–Brazil 10 Agreements Exchange 2026 |
| Announcement date | February 2026 |
| Location | Hyderabad House, New Delhi |
| Issuing authority | Governments of India and Brazil |
| Policy/series name | India–Brazil Strategic Partnership |
| Key figures | PM Narendra Modi and President Lula da Silva |
| Purpose/reason | To expand cooperation in trade, defence, technology and Global South initiatives |
| Feature details | Agreements on critical minerals, digital public infrastructure, health, MSMEs and defence |
| Validity or status | Ongoing bilateral cooperation framework |
| Strategic/significant value | Strengthens Global South leadership and promotes a multipolar world order |
13. Which city will host the AI Summit 2027 as announced during the AI Impact Summit in New Delhi?
A) Dubai
B) Geneva
C) Zurich
D) Abu Dhabi
E) Brussels
Answer: B) Geneva
Event and Location:
- Event: Announcement of host cities for AI Summit 2027 and 2028
- Location: Announcement made in New Delhi during AI Impact Summit; AI Summit 2027 to be held in Geneva, Switzerland
- Date: February 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Declaration by Swiss President Guy Parmelin that Switzerland will host the AI Summit 2027 in Geneva and the United Arab Emirates will host the AI Summit 2028.
- Objectives: To strengthen global AI governance, promote ethical and inclusive artificial intelligence frameworks, deepen Switzerland–India cooperation in AI and trade, and enhance multilateral collaboration on emerging technologies.
Important Terms Explained:
- AI Summit: A global multilateral platform focused on discussions related to artificial intelligence governance, ethics, innovation, and international cooperation.
- Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA): A trade agreement signed between India and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) aimed at boosting trade, investment flows, technology cooperation, and sustainable job creation.
- European Free Trade Association (EFTA): A regional trade organization comprising Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein that promotes free trade and economic integration.
- Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT): An agreement between two countries that establishes terms and protections for private investments by investors from each country.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | Announcement of AI Summit 2027 and 2028 Hosts |
| Announcement date | February 2026 |
| Location | New Delhi (announcement); Geneva (2027 host) |
| Issuing authority | Government of Switzerland |
| Policy/series name | Global AI Summit Series |
| Key figures | Guy Parmelin; Narendra Modi |
| Purpose/reason | To promote global AI governance and cooperation |
| Feature details | Geneva to host in 2027; UAE to host in 2028 |
| Validity or status | Confirmed future hosting sequence |
| Strategic/significant value | Strengthens Switzerland–India AI and trade ties and multilateral collaboration |
Schemes – Daily Current Affairs February 23
14. Under Punjab’s ‘Meri Rasoi’ scheme, how many families are targeted to receive free food kits?
A) 10 lakh
B) 20 lakh
C) 30 lakh
D) 40 lakh
E) 50 lakh
Answer: D) 40 lakh
Event and Location:
- Event: Launch of ‘Meri Rasoi’ Scheme providing free food kits to blue card holders
- Location: Punjab (Announcement in Chandigarh)
- Date: February 2026; First Phase from April to June 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Implementation of the ‘Meri Rasoi’ Scheme by the Punjab Government to distribute free nutritional food kits to approximately 40 lakh blue card holder families across the state.
- Objectives: To bridge nutritional gaps among economically weaker households, reduce malnutrition, strengthen food security, support children’s health and growth, and enhance welfare delivery mechanisms.
Important Terms Explained:
- Meri Rasoi Scheme: A Punjab government welfare initiative providing free food kits to blue card holder families to ensure nutritional security.
- Blue Card Holders: Economically weaker families eligible for subsidized or free food grains under state welfare and public distribution schemes.
- Public Distribution System (PDS): Government-run food security system distributing essential commodities like wheat and rice at subsidized rates to eligible households.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | Launch of Meri Rasoi Scheme |
| Announcement date | February 2026 |
| Location | Punjab |
| Issuing authority | Government of Punjab |
| Policy/series name | Meri Rasoi |
| Key figures | CM Bhagwant Mann |
| Purpose/reason | Provide nutritional support to economically weaker families |
| Feature details | Free kits with chana dal, sugar, salt, turmeric, mustard oil |
| Validity or status | First phase April–June 2026 |
| Strategic/significant value | Strengthens food security and reduces malnutrition |
15. ‘Prahaar’, launched in February 2026, is India’s new national policy related to which area?
A) Cyber data protection
B) Counter-terrorism
C) Disaster management
D) Border trade facilitation
E) Urban policing reform
Answer: B) Counter-terrorism
Event and Location:
- Event: Launch of ‘Prahaar’ National Counter-Terrorism Policy
- Location: India
- Date: 23 February 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Introduction of ‘Prahaar’, a new national counter-terrorism framework by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) adopting a zero-tolerance stance against terrorism with intelligence-led and technology-driven mechanisms.
- Objectives: To prevent terror attacks, strengthen intelligence coordination, enhance inter-agency cooperation, counter radicalisation, modernise technological capabilities, ensure legal safeguards, and reinforce India’s commitment to human rights and democratic values.
Important Terms Explained:
- Prahaar: India’s national counter-terrorism policy launched in 2026 focusing on prevention, rapid response, intelligence sharing, de-radicalisation, and modern security technologies.
- Multi Agency Centre (MAC): A central intelligence-sharing platform that facilitates real-time exchange of security information among various agencies.
- Joint Task Force on Intelligence (JTFI): A coordinated mechanism to ensure inter-agency operational synergy in counter-terrorism efforts.
- National Investigation Agency (NIA): India’s premier federal anti-terror investigation agency responsible for probing terror-related offences.
- National Security Guard (NSG): An elite counter-terrorism force specializing in hostage rescue and anti-hijack operations.
- CBRNED Threats: Refers to Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, Explosive, and Digital threats that may be used in high-impact terror attacks.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | Launch of Prahaar National Counter-Terrorism Policy |
| Announcement date | 23 February 2026 |
| Location | India |
| Issuing authority | Ministry of Home Affairs |
| Policy/series name | Prahaar |
| Key figures | Government of India; MHA |
| Purpose/reason | Establish zero-tolerance framework against terrorism |
| Feature details | Focus on intelligence sharing, de-radicalisation, technology upgrades and legal safeguards |
| Validity or status | Newly launched national policy |
| Strategic/significant value | Strengthens internal security and global counter-terror cooperation |
National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs February 23
16. India’s first operational Namo Bharat Rapid Rail Transit System (RRTS) was inaugurated on which corridor?
A) Delhi–Agra Corridor
B) Delhi–Meerut Corridor
C) Mumbai–Pune Corridor
D) Lucknow–Kanpur Corridor
E) Ahmedabad–Vadodara Corridor
Answer: B) Delhi–Meerut Corridor
Event and Location:
- Event: Inauguration of India’s first Namo Bharat Rapid Rail Transit System (RRTS) and dedication of Delhi–Meerut Corridor
- Location: Meerut, Uttar Pradesh (Delhi–Meerut Corridor, NCR)
- Date: 22 February 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Launch of the Namo Bharat Rapid Rail Transit System (RRTS) and operationalization of the Delhi–Meerut corridor with integrated metro and rapid rail services running from the same station and track.
- Objectives: To enhance high-speed regional connectivity in the National Capital Region (NCR), promote seamless intra-city and inter-city travel, strengthen the Twin Cities vision of Delhi and Meerut, generate employment, and boost infrastructure-led economic growth.
Important Terms Explained:
- Namo Bharat Rapid Rail Transit System (RRTS): India’s first operational regional rapid rail system designed for high-speed, high-frequency intercity travel connecting major urban nodes in the NCR.
- Delhi–Meerut Namo Bharat Corridor: The first RRTS corridor in India connecting Delhi and Meerut with integrated metro services operating on the same platform and track.
- Regional Rapid Transit System (RRTS): A semi-high-speed rail-based transit system aimed at improving regional connectivity with dedicated tracks and modern infrastructure.
- Twin Cities Concept: An urban development model where two nearby cities are integrated economically and socially through improved transport and infrastructure connectivity.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | Inauguration of Namo Bharat RRTS |
| Announcement date | 22 February 2026 |
| Location | Meerut, Uttar Pradesh |
| Issuing authority | Government of India |
| Policy/series name | Namo Bharat Rapid Rail Transit System |
| Key figures | PM Narendra Modi |
| Purpose/reason | To enhance NCR regional connectivity and infrastructure growth |
| Feature details | First time metro and rapid rail operate from same station and track |
| Validity or status | First operational RRTS corridor in India |
| Strategic/significant value | Boosts economic integration, employment and seamless multi-modal transport |
17. The New Delhi Declaration on AI Impact adopted at the AI Impact Summit 2026 was endorsed by how many countries and international organizations?
A) 45
B) 60
C) 75
D) 89
E) 102
Answer: D) 89
Event and Location:
- Event: Conclusion of AI Impact Summit 2026 with adoption of the New Delhi Declaration on AI Impact
- Location: New Delhi, India
- Date: 19 February 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Adoption of the voluntary and non-binding New Delhi Declaration on AI Impact endorsed by 89 countries and international organizations to establish a shared global framework for responsible, inclusive, secure, and resilient artificial intelligence governance.
- Objectives: To promote India’s vision of AI for All rooted in equity and accessibility, strengthen multilateral cooperation, ensure affordable access to AI infrastructure, enhance energy-efficient AI systems, and foster inclusive economic growth and social development through artificial intelligence.
Important Terms Explained:
- New Delhi Declaration on AI Impact: A voluntary global framework adopted at the AI Impact Summit 2026 outlining seven pillars of action to guide responsible, inclusive, and resilient AI governance worldwide.
- AI for All: India’s guiding vision for equitable and accessible artificial intelligence ensuring that AI benefits are widely shared across nations and communities.
- Global AI Impact Commons: A collaborative platform launched at the summit to share scalable AI use cases and promote cross-country replication of AI-driven solutions.
- Trusted AI Commons: A repository of AI tools, benchmarks, and best practices aimed at ensuring safety, transparency, and secure AI lifecycle management.
- Charter for the Democratic Diffusion of AI: An initiative promoting affordable access to foundational AI tools and strengthening local AI innovation ecosystems globally.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | AI Impact Summit 2026 |
| Announcement date | 19 February 2026 |
| Location | New Delhi, India |
| Issuing authority | Participating 89 countries and international organizations |
| Policy/series name | New Delhi Declaration on AI Impact |
| Key figures | Government of India and global participating nations |
| Purpose/reason | To create a global framework for inclusive and responsible AI governance |
| Feature details | Adoption of seven pillars and launch of global AI platforms such as Global AI Impact Commons |
| Validity or status | Voluntary and non-binding declaration |
| Strategic/significant value | Strengthens multilateral AI cooperation and promotes AI-driven economic and social development |
18. Union Home Minister Amit Shah laid the foundation stone of the 10th Assam Police Battalion headquarters in which district?
A) Dibrugarh
B) Tinsukia
C) Kamrup
D) Jorhat
E) Cachar
Answer: C) Kamrup
Event and Location:
- Event: Foundation stone laying of 10th Assam Police Battalion Headquarters
- Location: Kamrup, Assam
- Date: February 2026
Mandates and Objectives:
- Mandates: Laying of foundation stone for the 10th Battalion headquarters of the Assam Police Battalion (APB) and announcement of strict action against infiltration along with regional development initiatives.
- Objectives: To strengthen internal security, enhance law and order management, improve counter-insurgency preparedness, boost infrastructure development, generate employment, and transform Assam into an industrial hub of eastern and North-Eastern India.
Important Terms Explained:
- Assam Police Battalion (APB): A specialized armed wing of Assam Police that assists district police in maintaining law and order, protecting vital installations, and conducting counter-insurgency operations.
- Encroachment Clearance: Government action to remove illegal occupation of land for public infrastructure and development purposes.
- Semiconductor Plant: A high-technology manufacturing facility for producing semiconductor chips used in electronics, boosting industrial growth and employment.
- Border Out Posts (BOPs): Security posts established near state or international borders to monitor infiltration and maintain territorial security.
Tabular Summary:
| Parameter | Details |
| Event name | Foundation of 10th Assam Police Battalion HQ |
| Announcement date | February 2026 |
| Location | Kamrup, Assam |
| Issuing authority | Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |
| Policy/series name | Assam Police Infrastructure Expansion |
| Key figures | Amit Shah; Himanta Biswa Sarma |
| Purpose/reason | Strengthen internal security and counter infiltration |
| Feature details | 124 bighas campus with barracks, hospital, training centre and firing range |
| Validity or status | Foundation stone laid; construction to commence |
| Strategic/significant value | Enhances regional security and supports industrial development vision |
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