Daily Current Affairs December 22

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December 22 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs December 22

1. Why is National Mathematics Day celebrated on December 22 each year in India?
A) Birth anniversary of Aryabhatta
B) Launch of the decimal system
C) Birth anniversary of Srinivasa Ramanujan
D) Founding day of the Indian Mathematical Society
E) Discovery of the number zero
Answer: C) Birth anniversary of Srinivasa Ramanujan

Event and Location:

• Event: National Mathematics Day 2025 observed across India
• Location: Nationwide (India)
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: National Mathematics Day is observed every year on December 22 to commemorate the birth anniversary of Srinivasa Ramanujan, as formally instituted by the Government of India in 2011.
• Objectives: The day serves to honour Ramanujan’s mathematical legacy, promote mathematical education and research, and inspire students and researchers to view mathematics as a vital discipline for innovation, scientific development, and national progress.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Mathematics Day: An annual observance in India celebrated on December 22 to honour Srinivasa Ramanujan, aiming to promote awareness and interest in mathematics, especially among students.
• Srinivasa Ramanujan: A legendary Indian mathematician (1887–1920) known for his groundbreaking contributions to number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions, many of which have had a profound impact on global mathematics.
• National Mathematics Year (2012): The year following the institution of National Mathematics Day was declared as National Mathematics Year, to provide a nationwide push toward improving and celebrating mathematical learning.

Tabular Summary:

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2. What is the theme of National Consumer Day 2025 in India?
A) Empowering Consumers through AI
B) Digital Literacy for Safe Shopping
C) Efficient and Speedy Disposal through Digital Justice
D) Building Trust through Marketplace Regulation
E) Consumer Rights and Quality Standards
Answer: C) Efficient and Speedy Disposal through Digital Justice

Event and Location:

• Event: National Consumer Day 2025 Observance
• Location: India (Nationwide)
• Date: December 24, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: National Consumer Day is observed annually on 24 December to commemorate the assent of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986. The day highlights consumer rights and the mechanisms available for their protection and redressal.
• Objectives: In 2025, the day is marked with the theme “Efficient and Speedy Disposal through Digital Justice”, reflecting India’s focus on accessible, technology-driven, and time-bound consumer grievance redressal.

Important Terms Explained:

• Consumer Protection Act, 2019: Enacted on 20 July 2020, it replaces the 1986 Act and introduces a three-tier redressal mechanism (District Forum, State Commission, and National Commission), e-commerce regulations, and the establishment of the Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA).
• e-Jagriti: A digital platform launched on 1 January 2025 integrating earlier systems like OCMS, e-Daakhil, NCDRC CMS, and CONFONET. It enables online filing, payment, virtual hearings, and monitoring of cases across all forums.
• National Consumer Helpline 2.0 (NCH 2.0): An AI-enabled multilingual grievance support platform that facilitates quick complaint resolution, digital submissions, and refund processing. Now resolves over 12 lakh complaints annually.

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs December 22

3. Who won the IGU 124th Amateur Golf Championship of India held at Tollygunge Club in 2025?
A) Harman Sachdeva
B) Simarjeet Singh
C) Rashid Khan
D) Sukhman Singh
E) Ajeetesh Sandhu
Answer: D) Sukhman Singh

Event and Location:

• Event: Sukhman Singh wins IGU 124th Amateur Golf Championship of India
• Location: Tollygunge Club, Kolkata, West Bengal
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Indian Golf Union (IGU) organised the 124th edition of the Amateur Golf Championship of India, the world’s longest-running amateur matchplay golf tournament, dating back to 1892.
• Objectives: The event aims to promote amateur golf talent, preserve the legacy of one of the oldest golf tournaments, and provide a platform for rising Indian golfers to gain national and international recognition.

Important Terms Explained:

• Matchplay Format: A golf format where players compete hole-by-hole instead of total strokes. The player who wins the most holes wins the match.
• Indian Golf Union (IGU): The national governing body for golf in India, established in 1955, responsible for promoting and regulating the sport across the country.
• Tollygunge Club: One of India’s oldest and most prestigious golf clubs, located in Kolkata. It is a historic venue for numerous national-level tournaments, including the IGU Amateur Championship.

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4. Which cricketer became the first Asian woman to score 4,000 runs in Women’s T20 Internationals?
A) Jemimah Rodrigues
B) Shafali Verma
C) Harmanpreet Kaur
D) Smriti Mandhana
E) Suzie Bates
Answer: D) Smriti Mandhana

Event and Location:

• Event: Smriti Mandhana becomes first Asian woman to reach 4,000 T20I runs
• Location: Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
• Date: December 21, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Indian vice-captain Smriti Mandhana became the first Indian and Asian woman to cross 4,000 runs in Women’s T20 Internationals, achieving the feat in the first T20I against Sri Lanka.
• Objectives: The achievement aims to mark India’s rising dominance in women’s cricket and showcases Mandhana’s consistent performance and leadership in the T20I format on a global scale.

Important Terms Explained:

• Women’s T20I (Twenty20 International): A short-format cricket match between two international women’s teams, consisting of 20 overs per side. It is officially recognised by the ICC.
• 4,000 T20I Runs Milestone: A rare achievement indicating long-term consistency and scoring ability in international T20 cricket. Mandhana is only the second player globally to reach this milestone.
• Suzie Bates: A New Zealand cricketer and currently the leading run-scorer in Women’s T20Is, with 4,716 runs as of December 2025.

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs December 22

5. What is the new starting interest rate on home loans announced by LIC Housing Finance effective December 22, 2025?
A) 6.90%
B) 7.00%
C) 7.15%
D) 7.25%
E) 7.50%
Answer: C) 7.15%

Event and Location:

• Event: LIC Housing Finance reduced its interest rate on new home loans
• Location: Applicable across India
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: LIC Housing Finance Ltd announced a reduction in its home loan interest rate to 7.15% on new home loan sanctions starting December 22, 2025.
• Objectives: The move aims to boost homebuyer sentiment, enhance affordability, and respond to the RBI’s repo rate cut, making home ownership more accessible to a broader segment of the population.

Important Terms Explained:

• LIC Housing Finance Ltd (LIC HFL): A leading housing finance company in India and a subsidiary of Life Insurance Corporation of India, offering home loans and other mortgage-related products.
• Repo Rate: The rate at which the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) lends short-term funds to commercial banks. A 25 basis point (bps) cut makes borrowing cheaper, prompting housing finance companies to reduce lending rates.
• Monetary Policy Committee (MPC): A statutory body of the RBI responsible for setting the repo rate and other key monetary policy decisions to maintain inflation and economic stability.

Tabular Summary:

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6. Which corporation inaugurated a 30 kV fast charging unit for electric vehicles in Mysuru on December 22, 2025?
A) BESCOM
B) CESC
C) GESCOM
D) KSEB
E) TNEB
Answer: B) CESC

Event and Location:

• Event: Inauguration of a 30 kV fast charging unit for electric vehicles
• Location: Mysuru, Karnataka
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Chamundeshwari Electricity Supply Corporation (CESC) inaugurated a new 30 kV fast charging unit for electric vehicles at its office premises in Mysuru, allowing two EVs to be charged simultaneously in around 40–45 minutes.
• Objectives: The initiative aims to promote green energy, reduce air pollution, cut dependence on imported fuel, and encourage the use of electric vehicles through reliable, fast-charging infrastructure.

Important Terms Explained:

• Chamundeshwari Electricity Supply Corporation (CESC): A regional electricity distribution company in Karnataka responsible for power supply and infrastructure development in the Mysuru region.
• EV Fast Charging (30 kV): A high-voltage electric vehicle charging technology that allows rapid energy transfer, reducing full charging time to under an hour, enhancing convenience and adoption of EVs.
• Zhiyan Electric: A technology partner in the EV charging initiative; their app enables access to the charging unit for efficiency testing and monitoring of user experience.

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Acquisitions and Mergers – Daily Current Affairs December 22

7. What is the strategic goal behind the merger of Ambuja Cements, ACC, and Orient Cement under the Adani Group?
A) Expansion into international cement trade
B) Creation of a unified cement platform with operational synergies
C) Entry into infrastructure and steel sector
D) Diversification into real estate business
E) Setting up a new cement brand in South India
Answer: B) Creation of a unified cement platform with operational synergies

Event and Location:

• Event: Approval of merger of ACC and Orient Cement with Ambuja Cements
• Location: India
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The board of Ambuja Cements, a part of the Adani Group, approved a merger scheme to amalgamate ACC Ltd and Orient Cement into itself through a share swap agreement without cash payout.
• Objectives: The merger aims to create a pan-India cement powerhouse by simplifying operations, enhancing operational efficiency, reducing administrative costs, improving capital deployment, and aligning strategic direction under a single unified platform.

Important Terms Explained:

• Amalgamation: The legal process of combining two or more entities into a single entity to achieve strategic, operational, or financial synergy.
• Share Swap: A method of merger where shareholders of a merging company receive shares in the parent or merged company instead of cash consideration. In this case, ACC shareholders will receive 328 Ambuja shares per 100 ACC shares, while Orient shareholders will receive 33 Ambuja shares per 100 Orient shares.
• Operational Synergies: Advantages gained from merging businesses that allow better utilization of resources, optimized logistics, streamlined decision-making, and cost savings.

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs December 22

8. Who has been appointed as the non-executive chairman of IIFL Finance in December 2025?
A) Viral Acharya
B) Shaktikanta Das
C) B P Kanungo
D) N S Vishwanathan
E) T V Somanathan
Answer: C) B P Kanungo

Event and Location:

• Event: Appointment of B P Kanungo as Non-Executive Chairman of IIFL Finance
• Location: Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: IIFL Finance has appointed B P Kanungo, former Deputy Governor of RBI, as its non-executive chairman, with immediate effect.
• Objectives: The appointment aims to strengthen corporate governance, improve regulatory compliance, and support the NBFC’s long-term growth through experienced leadership and strategic oversight.

Important Terms Explained:

• Non-Executive Chairman: A board leader who does not participate in daily operations but provides independent oversight, sets strategic direction, and ensures governance.
• NBFC (Non-Banking Financial Company): Financial institutions that provide banking-like services such as loans, asset financing, and investments, but do not hold a banking license.
• Monetary Policy Committee (MPC): A six-member committee formed under the RBI Act, 1934, responsible for setting the repo rate and managing India’s monetary policy.

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs December 22

9. For which key contributions was Jay Shah awarded the ‘Transformational Leader of the Year’ title at NDTV Indian of the Year 2025?
A) Leading India’s World Cup 2023 campaign
B) Reforming ICC ranking systems
C) Pay parity, WPL launch, and IPL media rights deals
D) Introducing new cricket stadium policies
E) Expanding India’s bilateral cricket calendar
Answer: C) Pay parity, WPL launch, and IPL media rights deals

Event and Location:

• Event: Jay Shah receives ‘Transformational Leader of the Year’ Award
• Location: NDTV Indian of the Year 2025 Awards Ceremony
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Jay Shah, the ICC Chairman and former BCCI Secretary, was honoured with the ‘Transformational Leader of the Year’ award for impactful leadership and reforms in Indian cricket.
• Objectives: The recognition highlights Shah’s contributions to achieving gender pay parity, launching the Women’s Premier League (WPL), and commercially expanding the IPL through record-breaking media rights deals.

Important Terms Explained:

• Pay Parity Reform: A policy under which women cricketers in India now receive the same match fees as their male counterparts: ₹15 lakh (Test), ₹6 lakh (ODI), ₹3 lakh (T20I).
• WPL (Women’s Premier League): A professional T20 league for women cricketers in India, launched under BCCI in 2023, modeled after the IPL.
• IPL Media Rights Deal: Under Jay Shah’s leadership, IPL’s media rights for 2023–2027 were sold for a record ₹48,390 crore, with separate deals for digital and broadcast rights—maximizing BCCI revenue and global viewership.

Tabular Summary:

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10. Which university won the CII “Excellence for Women in STEM 2025” award for the second consecutive year?
A) IIT Madras
B) JSS Science and Technology University
C) IISc Bengaluru
D) Anna University
E) NIT Trichy
Answer: B) JSS Science and Technology University

Event and Location:

• Event: JSS STU received the CII “Excellence for Women in STEM 2025” Award
• Location: New Delhi (Award Ceremony); Mysuru, Karnataka (Awardee Institution)
• Date: December 17, 2025 (Award Presentation)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) awarded JSS Science and Technology University (JSS STU) with the Excellence for Women in STEM 2025 recognition for promoting gender equity and inclusion in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM).
• Objectives: The award aims to strengthen women’s participation and leadership in STEM through recognition of institutions that implement gender-equitable hiring, capacity-building programs, leadership initiatives, and inclusive workplace practices.

Important Terms Explained:

• CII (Confederation of Indian Industry): A non-government, industry-led organisation working to create and sustain an environment conducive to the growth of industry in India through policy advocacy and initiatives such as the Women in STEM programme.
• Women in STEM: A global and national movement aimed at increasing female representation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, particularly in leadership and research roles.
• Global Summit on Technology, R&D and IP: An annual platform hosted by CII to foster innovation, IP awareness, and global collaboration in research and technology development.

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs December 22

11. What is the primary benefit of Cipla’s newly launched Afrezza insulin product?
A) Oral tablet for curing diabetes permanently
B) AI-enabled glucose monitoring system
C) Needle-free, inhalable insulin alternative for diabetics
D) Long-acting once-a-month insulin injection
E) Vaccine for preventing Type-1 diabetes
Answer: C) Needle-free, inhalable insulin alternative for diabetics

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Afrezza inhaled insulin by Cipla
• Location: India
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Cipla launched Afrezza, a needle-free inhaled insulin developed by MannKind Corporation (USA), after receiving regulatory approval in India. Cipla holds exclusive distribution and marketing rights for the product.
• Objectives: The aim is to offer a rapid-acting, needle-free insulin solution to improve patient compliance, support quicker glycemic control, and address physical and emotional barriers associated with injectable insulin.

Important Terms Explained:

• Afrezza: A rapid-acting inhaled insulin in powder form, delivered through a breath-activated inhaler, used before meals for adults with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. It mimics the body’s natural insulin response by acting within 12 minutes of inhalation.
• Needle-free Insulin: A form of insulin delivery that does not require injections, designed for patients who fear needles or wish to avoid the inconvenience of frequent insulin shots.
• COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease): A group of progressive lung diseases, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis, for which inhaled insulin like Afrezza is not recommended due to respiratory risks.

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs December 22

12. Which company recently received DRDO approval for technology transfer of Directed Energy Weapon systems?
A) Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd
B) Bharat Electronics Ltd
C) Apollo Micro Systems
D) Larsen & Toubro
E) DRDO Labs
Answer: C) Apollo Micro Systems

Event and Location:

• Event: Apollo Micro Systems received DRDO approval for technology transfer of Directed Energy Weapon (DEW) systems
• Location: Hyderabad, Telangana
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Apollo Micro Systems Ltd (AMS) has been granted technology transfer approvals by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) for two advanced Directed Energy Weapon-related technologies—Laser-based DEW system and Electro-Optical (EO) Tracking System.
• Objectives: The aim is to enable private sector participation in the indigenisation of advanced defence technologies, reduce dependency on imports, and accelerate the development of next-generation weapon systems within India’s defence ecosystem.

Important Terms Explained:

• Apollo Micro Systems (AMS): A Hyderabad-based aerospace and defence electronics company that works on advanced technologies for the Indian military, with over four decades of expertise.
• Directed Energy Weapon (DEW): A class of weapons that deliver energy in focused beams, such as lasers, to damage or disable enemy targets like drones and missiles, offering speed and precision.
• Electro-Optical (EO) Tracking System: A sensor-based surveillance and targeting system that uses optics and electronics to track high-speed or stealth targets, often integrated into laser weapon systems.
• Technology Transfer (ToT): A formal agreement under which DRDO transfers its developed defence technologies to private/public companies for production and deployment under specified guidelines.
• DRDO: India’s principal defence R&D organisation responsible for developing strategic and tactical weapons and systems to strengthen national defence capabilities.

Tabular Summary:

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13. What is the primary operational role of the newly delivered ASW craft ‘Anjadip’?
A) Strategic air defence
B) Offshore oil rig protection
C) Coastal anti-submarine warfare and surveillance
D) Oceanic cargo escort
E) Long-range missile deployment
Answer: C) Coastal anti-submarine warfare and surveillance

Event and Location:

• Event: Indian Navy receives third ASW Shallow Water Craft ‘Anjadip’
• Location: Chennai, Tamil Nadu
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Indian Navy received ‘Anjadip’, the third Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW SWC) built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) under a Public-Private Partnership with L&T Shipyard.
• Objectives: The vessel aims to enhance India’s coastal surveillance, anti-submarine warfare, and mine-laying capabilities, while also promoting Aatmanirbhar Bharat through indigenous defence production.

Important Terms Explained:

• ASW SWC (Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft): A class of naval vessels specifically designed for detecting and engaging underwater threats in shallow coastal waters. These ships carry sonar systems, torpedoes, and anti-submarine rockets.
• Aatmanirbhar Bharat: An Indian government initiative promoting self-reliance, particularly in strategic sectors like defence manufacturing, to reduce import dependency and boost domestic capability.
• Public-Private Partnership (PPP): A collaborative model where public and private sector entities partner for infrastructure or defence projects. In this case, GRSE and L&T jointly built the vessel under such a model.

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14. Which two key defence systems will be jointly manufactured in India under the India Optel-Safran agreement?
A) BrahMos and Astra
B) SIGMA 30N and CM3-MR
C) Arjun MBT and Akash
D) Pinaka and INSAS
E) Kalvari-class and LCA Tejas
Answer: B) SIGMA 30N and CM3-MR

Event and Location:

• Event: India Optel signs pact with France’s Safran to manufacture advanced defence systems
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India Optel Limited (IOL) and Safran Electronics & Defence (France) signed an agreement to jointly manufacture the SIGMA 30N Inertial Navigation System and CM3-MR Direct Firing Sight in India under the Make in India programme.
• Objectives: The agreement aims to strengthen indigenous defence manufacturing, reduce dependency on imports, and enhance the accuracy and combat-readiness of artillery, missile, radar, and anti-drone systems.

Important Terms Explained:

• SIGMA 30N: A Digital Ring Laser Gyro Inertial Navigation System used in artillery guns, air defence, missiles, and radars. It provides high-precision navigation and targeting capabilities without external signals.
• CM3-MR: A Direct Firing Sight System designed for artillery guns and anti-drone operations, helping soldiers with accurate target acquisition and engagement in combat scenarios.
• India Optel Limited (IOL): A Mini Ratna Category-I DPSU under the Ministry of Defence, engaged in manufacturing electro-optical and defence systems for the Indian Armed Forces.

Tabular Summary:

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15. What is unique about the Indian Navy’s INSV Kaundinya sailing vessel?
A) It is India’s first aircraft carrier built using recycled material
B) It is powered entirely by solar energy
C) It is constructed using ancient stitched-plank shipbuilding techniques
D) It is India’s fastest combat submarine
E) It is the first Indian vessel to sail to Antarctica
Answer: C) It is constructed using ancient stitched-plank shipbuilding techniques

Event and Location:

• Event: Maiden voyage of INSV Kaundinya using ancient stitched shipbuilding technique
• Location: Flag-off from Porbandar, Gujarat, to Muscat, Oman
• Date: Voyage begins on December 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Indian Navy will launch INSV Kaundinya, a fully seaworthy sailing vessel constructed using traditional stitched-plank techniques, to embark on its first overseas voyage retracing ancient maritime routes.
• Objectives: The project aims to revive India’s indigenous maritime traditions, honour historical shipbuilding methods, and symbolically reconnect with ancient Indian Ocean trade routes, while fostering maritime heritage and indigenous knowledge systems.

Important Terms Explained:

• INSV Kaundinya: A pioneering Indian Navy sailing vessel named after ancient mariner Kaundinya, constructed using traditional coconut coir stitching of wooden planks and natural resins—an ancient shipbuilding method once used by Indian seafarers.
• Stitched-Plank Technique: An ancient Indian shipbuilding method where wooden planks are stitched using coir ropes (instead of metal nails) and sealed with resins, making vessels capable of long-distance ocean voyages.
• Tripartite MoU: A three-party agreement between the Ministry of Culture, Indian Navy, and M/s Hodi Innovations, signed to reconstruct ancient maritime vessels as part of cultural and historical revival efforts.

Tabular Summary:

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs December 22

16. How much investment is India expected to receive from New Zealand under the newly signed FTA?
A) $10 billion
B) $15 billion
C) $20 billion
D) $25 billion
E) $30 billion
Answer: C) $20 billion

Event and Location:

• Event: India and New Zealand finalised a Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
• Location: Bilateral (India and New Zealand); announced via telephonic conversation
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India and New Zealand concluded negotiations and signed a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) within a record nine months, enhancing bilateral cooperation across trade, services, healthcare, tariffs, and mobility.
• Objectives: The FTA aims to double bilateral trade within five years, promote $20 billion investment from New Zealand, and expand access for Indian businesses in New Zealand, especially in services, mobility, and traditional healthcare sectors.

Important Terms Explained:

• Free Trade Agreement (FTA): A pact between two or more nations to reduce or eliminate trade barriers such as tariffs and import quotas to facilitate smoother and more cost-effective exchange of goods and services.
• Most Favoured Nation (MFN) Treatment: A trade status ensuring a country receives equal trade advantages (like lowest tariffs or highest import quotas) as the most favoured trading partner of the nation providing the treatment.
• Tariff Reduction: A key aspect of FTAs that involves cutting duties on traded goods to boost exports and market access. Under this FTA, 95% of New Zealand’s exports to India will have reduced or eliminated tariffs.
• Healthcare Annex: A dedicated section within the FTA that facilitates trade in health and traditional medicine services, marking the first such annex signed by New Zealand with any country.

Tabular Summary:

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Schemes – Daily Current Affairs December 22

17. What is the main objective of the newly launched TiNAI portal by the Tamil Nadu government?
A) Monitoring rainfall data in real time
B) Tracking industrial development in coastal areas
C) Providing integrated land use and environmental information
D) Offering real estate market prices across the state
E) Managing agricultural subsidies
Answer: C) Providing integrated land use and environmental information

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Tamil Nadu CSR and TiNAI Portals
• Location: Tamil Nadu
• Date: December 23, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Tamil Nadu government launched two digital platforms—Tamil Nadu Corporate Social Responsibility (TNCSR) portal and Tamil Nadu Land Use Information System (TiNAI) portal—to promote coordination and data-driven planning.
• Objectives: The portals aim to streamline CSR implementation across the state and provide a unified geographic information system for better land use management, environmental monitoring, and visual analysis using AI.

Important Terms Explained:

• TNCSR (Tamil Nadu Corporate Social Responsibility): A dedicated portal to facilitate planning, implementation, and monitoring of CSR initiatives while encouraging collaboration among government departments, corporates, and the public.
• TiNAI (Tamil Nadu Land Use Information System): A Geographic Information Portal that aggregates over 50 years of spatial data using AI and GIS technologies to provide insights into land use, water levels, thermal stress, and urban development.
• Tamil Nadu Innovative Initiatives Project: A state-funded initiative under which ₹1.50 crore has been sanctioned for developing advanced digital systems like TiNAI, aimed at innovation and e-governance.

Tabular Summary:

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18. What was the main focus of the HRDP initiative supported by HDFC Bank Parivartan in Madhya Pradesh?
A) Promoting IT skills among youth
B) Boosting microfinance and SHG banking
C) Supporting women-led agriculture and crop diversification
D) Encouraging solar panel installation
E) Expanding rural road connectivity
Answer: C) Supporting women-led agriculture and crop diversification

Event and Location:

• Event: HDFC Bank Parivartan’s HRDP initiative boosts income of women farmers
• Location: Sehore district, Madhya Pradesh
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Holistic Rural Development Programme (HRDP), supported by HDFC Bank Parivartan and implemented by Arpan Seva Sansthan, was carried out from January 2022 to December 2024 in 20 villages of Sehore and Nasrullah Ganj tehsils.
• Objectives: The programme aimed to promote sustainable agriculture, crop diversification, and women-led livelihood enhancement, while improving water conservation and technical training in rural farming practices.

Important Terms Explained:

• HDFC Bank Parivartan: The flagship CSR initiative of HDFC Bank, focusing on rural development, sustainable livelihoods, education, and skill-building across India.
• HRDP (Holistic Rural Development Programme): A community-driven development model focusing on integrated rural growth, particularly in agriculture, water, education, and health.
• Multi-Tier Cropping System: A scientific farming technique that involves growing multiple crops of varying heights and root depths on the same land to optimize yield and resource use.

Tabular Summary:

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19. What is the main objective of the PMFME scheme implemented in Maharashtra?
A) Supporting agriculture insurance coverage
B) Boosting exports of perishable goods
C) Formalising and strengthening micro food processing units
D) Providing ration subsidies through SHGs
E) Regulating food pricing mechanisms
Answer: C) Formalising and strengthening micro food processing units

Event and Location:

• Event: PMFME scheme supports over 26,000 micro food units in Maharashtra
• Location: Maharashtra, India
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Under the Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises (PMFME) scheme, the Central Government released ₹646.24 crore to support micro food processing units in Maharashtra.
• Objectives: The scheme aims to formalise unorganised food processing units, provide credit-linked subsidies, enable SHG support, improve branding and marketing, and enhance entrepreneurial capacity through training and incubation.

Important Terms Explained:

• PMFME (Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises): A central scheme launched under the Aatmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan in 2020 to formalise the unorganised food processing sector and provide financial, technical, and capacity-building support.
• Seed Capital Assistance: Financial support provided to Self Help Group (SHG) members for working capital and small equipment purchases to promote grassroots food processing entrepreneurship.
• Credit-Linked Subsidy: A scheme component where loans sanctioned to micro units are subsidised by the government, reducing repayment burden and encouraging unit establishment or upgradation.

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs December 22

20. Which two organisations have jointly launched the International Rural Development Innovation Challenge 2026 in India?
A) NABARD and NIRDPR
B) UNDP and WHO
C) CIRDAP and REEDS
D) ICRISAT and FAO
E) Ministry of Rural Development and ISRO
Answer: C) CIRDAP and REEDS

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of the India Regional Edition of the International Rural Development Innovation Challenge 2026
• Location: Hyderabad, India
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Centre on Integrated Rural Development for Asia and the Pacific (CIRDAP) and the Rural Economic and Educational Development Society (REEDS) launched the Indian edition of the CIRDAP–REEDS International Rural Development Innovation Challenge 2026.
• Objectives: The initiative aims to identify, recognise, and promote rural innovations that have demonstrated measurable grassroots impact, with the potential for scaling and replication across the Asia-Pacific region.

Important Terms Explained:

• CIRDAP (Centre on Integrated Rural Development for Asia and the Pacific): An intergovernmental organisation established to facilitate rural development and poverty alleviation in Asia-Pacific countries through integrated approaches and collaboration.
• REEDS (Rural Economic and Educational Development Society): A non-profit organisation based in India that promotes economic and educational empowerment in rural communities.
• Innovation Challenge: A structured competition format that invites individuals, groups, or organisations to submit innovative solutions to existing social or developmental challenges, often with a focus on scalability and real-world impact.

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21. Which of the following was not part of the ₹2,015 crore worth projects cleared by CRDA for Amaravati in December 2025?
A) Quantum Computing Research Centre
B) Flood Pumping Station
C) All India Services Officers’ Quarters
D) Bullet Train Terminal
E) LPS-8 Layout Development
Answer: D) Bullet Train Terminal

Event and Location:

• Event: CRDA sanctioned ₹2,015 crore for development projects in Amaravati
• Location: Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh
• Date: December 22, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: In the 56th meeting of the Capital Region Development Authority (CRDA) chaired by Chief Minister N. Chandrababu Naidu, projects worth ₹2,015 crore were approved for various infrastructure and development works in Amaravati.
• Objectives: The funding aims to boost urban infrastructure in Amaravati, support scientific innovation, improve flood control systems, and provide better facilities for administrative services and public use under planned capital region development.

Important Terms Explained:

• CRDA (Capital Region Development Authority): A statutory authority responsible for the planning, coordination, execution, and regulation of the development of the capital region of Andhra Pradesh.
• Land Pooling Scheme (LPS): A government initiative where farmers voluntarily contribute land towards the development of infrastructure and receive a portion of developed land in return.
• Quantum Computing Research Centre: A high-tech research facility focusing on quantum computing technologies, aimed at positioning Amaravati as a hub for advanced scientific innovation.
• Jareebu and Metta Lands: Jareebu refers to fertile or irrigated land, while Metta refers to dry or non-irrigated land; classification helps in appropriate urban planning and compensation.

Tabular Summary:

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Over All Review

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