Daily Current Affairs June 28 & 29

Dear Champions, as you all know that a lot of competitive exams have been notified consequently. Candidates have to prepare themselves according to the level of competition and expectation of the Recruitment board. Regarding that one of the most important topic is Daily Current Affairs June 28 & 29. Current Affairs in the form of contemporary events of national & international play a crucial role in almost every competitive exams like Banking, Insurance, SSC, UPSC, TNPSC, Railway etc.

Current affairs are the most dynamic yet scoring among all sections and need to be prepared from the right source. Here, we cafunsta team, providing Daily GK Updates, Current Affairs Questions, and Monthly current affairs pdf.

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June 28 & 29 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs June 28 & 29

1. When is the International Day of the Tropics observed annually?
A) June 5
B) July 15
C) June 29
D) August 20
E) May 30
Answer: C) June 29

Event and Location:

• Event: Observation of International Day of the Tropics 2025
• Location: Global (Tropical regions across continents)
• Date: 29 June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The United Nations observes this day annually to promote awareness through educational programs, workshops, and public engagement activities focused on the tropics.
• Objectives: To recognize the ecological, cultural, and developmental significance of tropical regions and to highlight the pressing challenges such as poverty, climate change, and health risks in these areas.

Important Terms Explained:

• International Day of the Tropics: An annual UN-recognized observance on June 29 aimed at raising global awareness about the challenges and opportunities faced by tropical regions.
• State of the Tropics Report: A comprehensive report released in 2014, initiated by Nobel Laureate Aung San Suu Kyi, that inspired the formal establishment of the International Day of the Tropics.
• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): A set of 17 global goals adopted by UN member states in 2015, with tropical regions playing a vital role in achieving targets related to climate, health, biodiversity, and inequality.

Tabular Summary:

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2. What is the theme of Statistics Day 2025 celebrated by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation?
A) Digital India and Statistical Systems
B) Role of Statistics in Planning
C) 75 Years of National Sample Survey
D) Statistical Tools for Sustainable Growth
E) Data for New India
Answer: C) 75 Years of National Sample Survey

Event and Location:

• Event: Celebration of Statistics Day 2025 and commemoration of 75 years of National Sample Survey
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: 29 June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation is organizing the 19th Statistics Day to honor Professor P.C. Mahalanobis and to celebrate 75 years of the National Sample Survey.
• Objectives: To raise awareness about the role of statistics in socio-economic planning, highlight the legacy of the National Sample Survey, and promote data-driven governance.

Important Terms Explained:

• Statistics Day: Celebrated annually on June 29 to honor Professor Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, known as the father of Indian statistics. The day promotes awareness of the importance of statistics in national development.
• National Sample Survey (NSS): Launched in 1950 by the Government of India, the NSS provides large-scale survey data on various socio-economic issues, enabling evidence-based policy-making.
• GoIStat mobile application: A mobile app launched by MoSPI to give users easier access to official Indian statistical data through a user-friendly interface.

Tabular Summary:

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3. What was the theme of NSSTA’s 17th Foundation Day celebrated in February 2025?
A) Revolutionizing Statistics with AI
B) Data for Development and Good Governance
C) Empowering Governance Through Statistical Excellence
D) Digital India Through Data
E) 75 Years of NSS – A Statistical Legacy
Answer: C) Empowering Governance Through Statistical Excellence

Event and Location:

• Event: 17th Foundation Day of National Statistical Systems Training Academy (NSSTA)
• Location: Mahalanobis Auditorium, NSSTA, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh
• Date: 13 February 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: NSSTA organized its 17th Foundation Day to celebrate its journey in statistical capacity development and institutional collaborations, with events including expert addresses, technical sessions, a cultural program, and the release of a Statistical Training Needs Assessment report.
• Objectives: To promote statistical excellence, highlight the Academy’s contributions to data-driven governance and capacity-building, and align India’s statistical ecosystem with global standards for realizing the Viksit Bharat 2047 vision.

Important Terms Explained:

• NSSTA (National Statistical Systems Training Academy): A premier training institution under MoSPI, established in 2009 to build statistical capacity among government officials in India and abroad through technical training and collaborative programs.
• Viksit Bharat 2047: A visionary development goal set by the Indian government to transform India into a fully developed nation by 2047, where data and statistics play a foundational role in policymaking.
• Statistical Training Needs Assessment (STA) Survey Report: A collaborative report by NSSTA and CBC evaluating skill gaps and training priorities for Indian Statistical Service (ISS) officers, guiding future capacity development strategies.

Tabular Summary:

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Ranking – Daily Current Affairs June 28 & 29

4. Who became India’s new No. 1 ranked classical chess player after winning the UzChess Cup Masters in 2025?
A) Arjun Erigaisi
B) Magnus Carlsen
C) Viswanathan Anand
D) R. Praggnanandhaa
E) D. Gukesh
Answer: D) R. Praggnanandhaa

Event and Location:

• Event: R. Praggnanandhaa becomes India’s No. 1 ranked classical chess player after winning UzChess Cup
• Location: Tashkent, Uzbekistan
• Date: 28 June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Rameshbabu Praggnanandhaa defeated Nodirbek Abdusattorov in the final round of the UzChess Cup Masters and clinched the title.
• Objectives: To highlight the achievement of Praggnanandhaa in surpassing fellow Indian Grandmasters and establishing himself as India’s highest-rated player, while climbing to No. 4 in live world rankings.

Important Terms Explained:

• Elo Rating: A standard chess rating system used to calculate the relative skill levels of players. Praggnanandhaa reached a rating of 2778.3 after the UzChess Cup win.
• UzChess Cup Masters: A premier international chess tournament held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Winning this tournament boosted Praggnanandhaa’s global ranking significantly.
• FIDE Live World Rankings: A dynamic global ranking system maintained by the International Chess Federation (FIDE), updated after each rated game or tournament.

Tabular Summary:

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs June 28 & 29

5. Which payment system is on the verge of becoming the world’s largest retail interbank transaction platform by daily volume?
A) Mastercard
B) Alipay
C) Visa
D) UPI
E) PIX
Answer: D) UPI

Event and Location:

• Event: UPI approaching Visa’s global lead in daily retail payment transactions
• Location: India (with global implications)
• Date: June 4, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Unified Payments Interface (UPI), developed by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), is witnessing rapid growth in transaction volume and is on track to surpass Visa’s global daily transaction figures.
• Objectives: To establish UPI as the largest real-time retail interbank payment settlement system globally, while supporting India’s vision of a cashless, digitally empowered economy with seamless payment access.

Important Terms Explained:

• Unified Payments Interface (UPI): A real-time interbank payment system in India that enables seamless, instant money transfers between banks via mobile platforms. Launched in 2016 by NPCI.
• Deferred Settlement Model: A payment system model where transactions are settled in batches at the end of the day, used by card networks like Visa and Mastercard.
• NPCI (National Payments Corporation of India): An umbrella organization under RBI and IBA that develops and manages retail payments infrastructure in India, including UPI, RuPay, and IMPS.
• Merchant Transactions: Payments made by customers to businesses via digital platforms like UPI, now accounting for over 62% of UPI’s total volume, up from 40% in January 2022.

Tabular Summary:

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6. Which of the following banks is discontinuing complimentary air accident insurance on select credit cards from July 15, 2025?
A) ICICI Bank
B) HDFC Bank
C) Axis Bank
D) SBI Card
E) Kotak Mahindra Bank
Answer: D) SBI Card

Event and Location:

• Event: Credit card policy and benefit revisions by major Indian banks
• Location: Pan India
• Date: Effective from 1 July 2025 (HDFC), 10 July 2025 (Kotak), and 15 July 2025 (SBI)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Banks like SBI Card, HDFC Bank, and Kotak Mahindra Bank are introducing key changes to credit card rewards, fees, and benefits from July 2025.
• Objectives: To streamline card operations, reduce liabilities on certain high-cost benefits, and align rewards with evolving customer spending patterns while enhancing fee transparency.

Important Terms Explained:

• Complimentary Air Accident Insurance: A free benefit offered by credit card issuers, covering accidental death during air travel. SBI is withdrawing this benefit from July 15, 2025, for multiple card variants.
• Wallet Loading Charges: HDFC Bank will impose a 1% fee (capped at ₹4,999/month) for wallet reloads and online gaming spends. These transactions will no longer earn reward points.
• Credit Card Migration: Kotak Mahindra Bank is discontinuing the Myntra Kotak Credit Card and migrating users to the Kotak League Credit Card, effective July 10, 2025.

Tabular Summary:

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7. What is the new extended timing for the Call Money market as per RBI’s decision effective July 1, 2025?
A) 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM
B) 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM
C) 9:00 AM to 7:00 PM
D) 10:00 AM to 6:30 PM
E) 9:30 AM to 7:00 PM
Answer: C) 9:00 AM to 7:00 PM

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI announces revised market trading and settlement timings
• Location: India (applicable nationwide)
• Date: Effective July 1 and August 1, 2025 (for different instruments)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: RBI decided to extend the trading hours of the call money market and repo/TREP markets following recommendations of a Working Group chaired by Shri Radha Shyam Ratho.
• Objectives: To support better market development, price discovery, and liquidity optimization in the financial markets regulated by the RBI.

Important Terms Explained:

• Call Money Market: A short-term interbank borrowing market where funds are borrowed or lent for one day. The extended hours now run from 9:00 AM to 7:00 PM.
• Market Repo and Tri-Party Repo (TREP): Instruments that allow banks and financial entities to meet short-term liquidity needs by selling securities with an agreement to repurchase them. Timings now extended to 4:00 PM from August 1, 2025.
• Working Group on Market Timings: A special committee established by RBI, chaired by Shri Radha Shyam Ratho, to review and suggest optimal timings for trading and settlement across various financial markets.

Tabular Summary:

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8. Why did the Reserve Bank of India impose a penalty of ₹29.60 lakh on Fino Payments Bank in June 2025?
A) For not maintaining CRR
B) For delay in KYC compliance
C) For breaching end-of-day balance ceiling limits
D) For not submitting audit reports
E) For overcharging service fees
Answer: C) For breaching end-of-day balance ceiling limits

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI imposes monetary penalty on Fino Payments Bank
• Location: India (Applicable across RBI’s jurisdiction)
• Date: June 6, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: RBI imposed a penalty of ₹29.60 lakh on Fino Payments Bank for violating RBI’s Licensing of Payments Banks guidelines by breaching regulatory balance limits.
• Objectives: To enforce regulatory discipline among payment banks and ensure adherence to operational limits defined by RBI to safeguard systemic stability and customer funds.

Important Terms Explained:

• Payments Bank: A type of bank in India allowed to accept a restricted deposit (currently up to ₹2 lakh per customer), issue debit cards, and offer remittance services, but not allowed to issue loans or credit cards.
• Section 47A(1)(c) of Banking Regulation Act, 1949: Provides RBI authority to impose penalties on banks for non-compliance with any regulations or directions.
• Statutory Inspection for Supervisory Evaluation (ISE): RBI’s periodic evaluation of a bank’s financial and operational compliance status, covering its risk profile and adherence to regulatory frameworks.

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs June 28 & 29

9. Which regulatory body granted JioBlackRock Broking approval to start its brokerage business in June 2025?
A) RBI
B) IRDAI
C) SEBI
D) NITI Aayog
E) AMFI
Answer: C) SEBI

Event and Location:

• Event: JioBlackRock Broking receives SEBI approval to begin brokerage operations
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: 27 June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: JioBlackRock Broking Pvt. Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of JioBlackRock Investment Advisers Pvt. Ltd., has received regulatory approval from SEBI to function as a brokerage firm.
• Objectives: To offer affordable, transparent, and technology-driven investment execution capabilities to Indian investors as part of a broader strategy to democratize investment access through digital-first solutions.

Important Terms Explained:

• SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India): India’s capital markets regulator that oversees securities trading, protects investor interests, and ensures orderly development of financial markets.
• Brokerage Firm: A financial institution licensed to buy and sell securities on behalf of clients. The approval allows JioBlackRock to offer trading and execution services to investors.
• JioBlackRock Joint Venture: A 50:50 partnership between Jio Financial Services Ltd. (JFSL) and BlackRock Inc., created to provide holistic investment services including advisory, asset management, and now brokerage.

Tabular Summary:

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10. What was the value of India’s current account surplus in the January–March quarter of FY25 as per RBI data?
A) $11.3 billion
B) $4.6 billion
C) $13.5 billion
D) $23.3 billion
E) $59.5 billion
Answer: C) $13.5 billion

Event and Location:

• Event: India reports a $13.5 billion current account surplus in Q4 FY25
• Location: India (data published by Reserve Bank of India)
• Date: 28 June 2025 (report release date)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) published India’s Balance of Payments data, highlighting a $13.5 billion current account surplus in Q4 FY25, marking a sharp reversal from previous deficits.
• Objectives: To update stakeholders on India’s external sector performance, identify strengths such as services exports and remittances, and assess vulnerabilities like trade deficits and weak investment inflows.

Important Terms Explained:

• Current Account Surplus: Occurs when a country’s total exports of goods, services, and transfers exceed its total imports, indicating a net inflow of foreign currency. India posted a 1.3% of GDP surplus in Q4 FY25.
• Remittances (Personal Transfers): Money sent by Indians working abroad to their families in India, which rose to $33.9 billion in Q4 FY25, supporting household income and foreign exchange reserves.
• External Commercial Borrowings (ECBs): Loans taken by Indian companies from foreign lenders. ECB inflows increased significantly to $7.4 billion in Q4 FY25, helping offset low FDI/FPI.
• Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI): Investments by non-residents in Indian financial markets. FPI recorded a net outflow of $5.9 billion in Q4 FY25, reflecting global investor caution.

Tabular Summary:

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11. Which organization released the “Statistical Report on Value of Output from Agriculture and Allied Sectors (2011–12 to 2023–24)” in June 2025?
A) NITI Aayog
B) Ministry of Agriculture
C) NABARD
D) National Statistical Office
E) ICAR
Answer: D) National Statistical Office

Event and Location:

• Event: Release of Statistical Report on Value of Output from Agriculture and Allied Sectors (2011–12 to 2023–24)
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: 27 June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The National Statistical Office (NSO) under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released a comprehensive report analyzing the Gross Value of Output (GVO) and Gross Value Added (GVA) across agriculture and allied sectors over a 13-year period.
• Objectives: To present data-driven insights into trends, sectoral contributions, state-wise dynamics, and structural shifts in India’s agriculture and allied sectors at both current and constant (2011-12) prices.

Important Terms Explained:

• Gross Value of Output (GVO): The total monetary value of goods and services produced in a sector. In agriculture, this includes outputs from crops, livestock, forestry, and fisheries.
• Gross Value Added (GVA): The value of output minus the value of intermediate consumption, indicating the sector’s actual contribution to GDP.
• Constant Prices (2011–12): A base year used to eliminate the effects of inflation and allow comparison of real growth across years.
• Kudumbashree – Ujjivanam Scheme: (From earlier CA) A Kerala-based initiative for livelihood promotion, often referenced in agriculture-linked welfare programs.
• Floriculture: Cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants for commercial use, which showed a sharp increase in output value as per the report.

Tabular Summary:

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12. Which digital platform recently joined the ONDC Network to offer electronics and appliances to its users alongside financial products?
A) Paytm
B) Amazon Pay
C) PhonePe
D) Bajaj Markets
E) BharatPe
Answer: D) Bajaj Markets

Event and Location:

• Event: Bajaj Markets integrates with ONDC Network as a buyer-side participant
• Location: Mumbai/Pune, India
• Date: 20 June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Bajaj Markets, a leading digital financial services marketplace under Bajaj Finserv Ltd., has integrated with the Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) to enable users to access a wide range of electronics and appliances directly via the ONDC network.
• Objectives: To enhance customer digital experience, expand marketplace offerings beyond finance, and leverage India’s Digital Public Infrastructure to promote decentralized e-commerce access.

Important Terms Explained:

• ONDC (Open Network for Digital Commerce): A Government of India-backed initiative aimed at democratizing digital commerce by enabling open, interoperable networks for all buyers and sellers, moving away from platform-centric models.
• Buyer Network Participant: An entity on the ONDC platform that allows its customers to browse and purchase from multiple sellers listed across the network. Bajaj Markets now plays this role.
• Bajaj Markets: A digital platform by Bajaj Finserv Direct Ltd. that provides access to over 140 financial products and now offers 1.5 lakh+ SKUs of electronics via ONDC integration.

Tabular Summary:

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13. Which two Indian conglomerates have partnered to jointly sell transportation fuels across select outlets?
A) Tata and Reliance
B) Reliance and Vedanta
C) Adani and Reliance
D) L&T and Adani
E) Tata and Adani
Answer: C) Adani and Reliance

Event and Location:

• Event: Strategic fuel retail partnership between Adani Total Gas and Reliance Jio-bp
• Location: India (pan-India retail outlets)
• Date: June 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Select ATGL outlets will retail Jio-bp’s petrol and diesel, while Jio-bp stations will integrate ATGL’s CNG units.
• Objectives: To enhance customer access to high-quality auto fuels and natural gas by leveraging each other’s physical fuel infrastructure and distribution networks.

Important Terms Explained:

• Jio-bp: A joint venture between Reliance Industries and bp (British Petroleum), offering mobility solutions, fuel retailing, and low-carbon energy products in India.
• Adani Total Gas Ltd (ATGL): A joint venture between Adani Group and TotalEnergies of France that focuses on natural gas distribution and allied energy infrastructure, including CNG, EV charging, and biogas.
• CNG (Compressed Natural Gas): A cleaner automotive fuel used in public and private transport, known for being cost-effective and eco-friendly.

Tabular Summary:

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs June 28 & 29

14. Which Canadian investment firm appointed former G20 Sherpa Amitabh Kant as its Senior Adviser in June 2025?
A) Brookfield
B) Blackstone
C) Premji Invest
D) Fairfax Financial Holdings
E) CPP Investments
Answer: D) Fairfax Financial Holdings

Event and Location:

• Event: Amitabh Kant appointed Senior Adviser to Fairfax Financial Holdings Ltd
• Location: Canada (firm’s HQ); India (focus of strategic engagement)
• Date: 27 June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Canada-based Fairfax Financial Holdings Ltd has appointed Amitabh Kant, India’s former G20 Sherpa and ex-CEO of NITI Aayog, as its Senior Adviser to enhance its India strategy.
• Objectives: To support Fairfax’s long-term investment goals in India, especially aligning with Viksit Bharat 2047, by leveraging Kant’s expertise in development policies, reform execution, and governance innovation.

Important Terms Explained:

• Fairfax Financial Holdings Ltd: A Canadian financial services holding company led by Prem Watsa, focused on insurance, reinsurance, and investments, with a growing footprint in India across sectors like infrastructure, finance, and logistics.
• G20 Sherpa: The official representative of a country responsible for preparing G20 summits; Amitabh Kant served in this role from 2022 to 2025 and led India’s successful presidency in 2023.
• Viksit Bharat 2047: India’s long-term national vision to become a developed economy by 2047, marking 100 years of independence, focused on inclusive growth, urbanization, digital infrastructure, and sustainability.

Tabular Summary:

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15. Which two Indian actors were chosen as Grand Marshals for the 43rd India Day Parade in New York City in August 2025?
A) Alia Bhatt and Ranbir Kapoor
B) Deepika Padukone and Shah Rukh Khan
C) Rashmika Mandanna and Vijay Deverakonda
D) Kriti Sanon and Ayushmann Khurrana
E) Tamannaah Bhatia and Vijay Varma
Answer: C) Rashmika Mandanna and Vijay Deverakonda

Event and Location:

• Event: Appointment of Grand Marshals for the 43rd India Day Parade
• Location: New York City, USA (Madison Avenue Parade Route)
• Date: Announced on 27 June 2025; Parade to be held on 17 August 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Federation of Indian Associations (FIA) announced that actors Rashmika Mandanna and Vijay Deverakonda will serve as Grand Marshals at the 43rd India Day Parade in New York.
• Objectives: To lead and represent India’s vibrant diaspora at the world’s largest celebration of Indian Independence outside India, commemorating India’s 78th Independence Day and promoting Indian culture globally.

Important Terms Explained:

• India Day Parade (New York): An annual event organized by the Federation of Indian Associations (FIA) to celebrate Indian Independence Day in the U.S., drawing thousands of participants along Madison Avenue, New York.
• Grand Marshal: A ceremonial title given to prominent personalities who lead the parade. The Grand Marshal typically walks at the head of the parade and symbolizes national pride and achievement.
• Federation of Indian Associations (FIA): A U.S.-based umbrella organization of Indian associations that coordinates the India Day Parade and other cultural events for the Indian diaspora.

Tabular Summary:

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs June 28 & 29

16. How many indigenous weapon systems has DRDO offered for emergency procurement by the Indian Armed Forces in June 2025?
A) 12
B) 18
C) 28
D) 22
E) 35
Answer: C) 28

Event and Location:

• Event: DRDO offers 28 indigenously developed weapon systems for emergency procurement by Indian Armed Forces
• Location: India (nationwide applicability across Army, Navy, and Air Force)
• Date: 24 June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has proposed 28 indigenous weapon systems for emergency procurement under the Government of India’s fast-track defence acquisition policy.
• Objectives: To enhance operational preparedness in the wake of Operation Sindoor, reduce reliance on foreign weapons, and accelerate the deployment of proven indigenous defence technologies across the Army, Navy, and Air Force.

Important Terms Explained:

• Emergency Procurement Clause: A provision that allows the Indian armed forces to acquire critical defence systems rapidly during times of heightened threat, bypassing lengthy acquisition procedures.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat in Defence: An initiative aimed at achieving self-reliance in defence manufacturing through indigenisation and reducing dependence on imports.
• Operation Sindoor: A recent military operation where Indian forces used DRDO-developed systems effectively in response to cross-border hostilities and terror activities.
• MRSAM (Medium-Range Surface-to-Air Missile): A missile system jointly developed by DRDO and Israel Aerospace Industries, used for intercepting aerial threats.
• Akash Missile System: An indigenously developed air defence missile system used for defending vulnerable areas against enemy aircraft and UAVs.

Tabular Summary:

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17. What is the name of the latest Indian Navy stealth frigate set to be commissioned in Kaliningrad, Russia, on July 1, 2025?
A) INS Teg
B) INS Vikrant
C) INS Triput
D) INS Tamal
E) INS Talwar
Answer: D) INS Tamal

Event and Location:

• Event: Commissioning of Indian Navy’s stealth frigate INS Tamal
• Location: Kaliningrad, Russia
• Date: July 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Indian Navy will formally induct INS Tamal, the second ship of the Tushil-class, built by Yantar Shipyard, into its fleet during a ceremony in Russia.
• Objectives: To bolster India’s maritime combat capabilities with a technologically advanced, stealth-enabled, and indigenously upgraded multi-role frigate, strengthening the Make in India and Aatmanirbhar Bharat goals.

Important Terms Explained:

• INS Tamal: A stealth multi-role frigate, the 8th in the Krivak-class series and 2nd of the Tushil-class, integrating Indian and Russian naval technologies.
• Tushil-Class Frigates: Upgraded variants of the Talwar and Teg-class warships, jointly developed under Indo-Russian cooperation for enhanced combat and stealth capabilities.
• BrahMos Missile: A long-range, supersonic cruise missile developed by India and Russia, capable of both land-attack and anti-ship missions, central to India’s naval arsenal.
• Aatmanirbhar Bharat: Government of India initiative to promote self-reliance in manufacturing, including defence production, reducing dependence on foreign military imports.

Tabular Summary:

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs June 28 & 29

18. At the Bonn Climate Conference 2025, which issue became a major point of contention in the Just Transition Work Programme (JTWP) discussions?
A) Renewable energy subsidies
B) Inclusion of Unilateral Trade Measures (UTMs)
C) Carbon pricing models
D) Methane emission caps
E) Deforestation targets
Answer: B) Inclusion of Unilateral Trade Measures (UTMs)

Event and Location:

• Event: Discussions on the UAE Just Transition Work Programme (JTWP) at the Bonn Climate Conference 2025
• Location: Bonn, Germany (62nd Session of Subsidiary Bodies – SB62, UNFCCC)
• Date: 16–26 June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) convened the Bonn Climate Conference to operationalise the Just Transition Work Programme (JTWP) established at COP28 in UAE, with a draft decision expected at COP30 in Brazil.
• Objectives: To define a globally inclusive framework for climate transition that incorporates development needs, ensures equity, and supports financial and technological cooperation—while also addressing divergent views on trade measures and climate responsibility.

Important Terms Explained:

• Just Transition Work Programme (JTWP): A framework initiated at COP28 (UAE) to support fair and inclusive transitions to low-carbon economies, focusing on equity, employment, and developmental justice. Its operationalisation is under negotiation at SB62.
• Unilateral Trade Measures (UTMs): Climate-linked trade restrictions imposed by some countries (usually developed) on others; a contentious topic as developing nations argue it undermines their economic growth and violates equity principles.
• CBDR-RC (Common But Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities): A guiding principle under the UNFCCC and Paris Agreement that recognises different responsibilities and capacities of countries based on their development status.
• Article 9.1 (Paris Agreement): Mandates developed countries to provide financial resources to assist developing countries in climate mitigation and adaptation efforts.

Tabular Summary:

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19. Who has been selected as a youth delegate to represent India at the 2025 Taiwan International Ocean Forum, and what will be his focus?
A) Rajeev Singh – Coastal defence policies
B) Bhavesh Jain – Youth leadership and sustainability
C) Ritesh Kumar – Blue economy financing
D) Ankit Sharma – Ocean plastic recycling
E) Arjun Deshmukh – Maritime trade strategy
Answer: B) Bhavesh Jain – Youth leadership and sustainability

Event and Location:

• Event: 2025 Taiwan International Ocean Forum
• Location: Taipei City, Taiwan
• Dates: 2 to 3 July 2025
• Session Highlight: Session VI – “The Youth Generation: Key to a Harmonious and Sustainable Future”

Mandates and Objectives:

• To engage youth leaders from across Asia in advancing sustainability, ocean governance, and climate resilience.
• Strengthen cross-border cooperation through dialogue on key maritime issues, especially in the Indo-Pacific region.
• Promote youth-driven action toward sustainable marine industry development, ESG integration, and responsible ocean use.

Important Terms Explained:

• ESG Integration: Incorporating Environmental, Social, and Governance principles into business and policy decisions to promote sustainability and ethical impact.
• Indo-Pacific Security: A strategic and diplomatic concern involving regional cooperation among countries bordering the Indian and Pacific Oceans to maintain peace and ensure safe maritime trade routes.
• Blue Economy: Sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth, improved livelihoods, and ocean ecosystem health.
• Youth Delegate: A young individual selected to represent a nation or group at international forums to voice perspectives on key issues and promote engagement in global policymaking.

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs June 28 & 29

20. Which ministry launched the ‘Adi Karmyogi’ initiative in June 2025 to train officials for better tribal scheme execution?
A) Ministry of Home Affairs
B) Ministry of Rural Development
C) Ministry of Tribal Affairs
D) Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
E) NITI Aayog
Answer: C) Ministry of Tribal Affairs

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Adi Karmyogi Programme for strengthening tribal welfare scheme implementation
• Location: Vanijya Bhavan, New Delhi (Adi Anveshan National Conference)
• Date: 28 June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Union Ministry of Tribal Affairs launched the Adi Karmyogi programme to build a purpose-driven and citizen-centric cadre of officials for effective implementation of tribal welfare schemes.
• Objectives: To bridge the implementation gap in tribal areas by training and motivating over 20 lakh grassroots-level stakeholders, including bureaucrats and field workers, and to shift from routine bureaucracy to proactive service delivery.

Important Terms Explained:

• Adi Karmyogi: A new training initiative by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs to empower and motivate officials involved in tribal scheme implementation, targeting over 20 lakh stakeholders.
• Adi Anveshan: A national conference on tribal development held in New Delhi, where field-level challenges and governance gaps were discussed, culminating in the launch of the Adi Karmyogi programme.
• Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MoTA): The central government body responsible for tribal policy and welfare programs across India, currently led by Union Minister Jual Oram.

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21. Which district has been declared as India’s first district free of extreme poverty as of June 2025?
A) Thrissur
B) Kottayam
C) Mysuru
D) Bhopal
E) Kozhikode
Answer: B) Kottayam

Event and Location:

• Event: Declaration of Kottayam as India’s first district free of extreme poverty
• Location: Kottayam, Kerala
• Date: 28 June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Government of Kerala declared Kottayam district free of extreme poverty following a comprehensive identification, rehabilitation, and support process.
• Objectives: To eliminate extreme poverty by ensuring access to food, healthcare, income, housing, and basic identity services through a participatory, data-driven approach with a focus on long-term livelihood and welfare solutions.

Important Terms Explained:

• Extreme Poverty: Defined using multiple deprivation indicators such as lack of access to food, income, healthcare, and housing, including homelessness and absence of land ownership.
• Micro-Plans: Customized livelihood and rehabilitation strategies prepared for each identified family to ensure sustained exit from poverty.
• Kudumbashree – Ujjivanam Scheme: A livelihood support initiative under the Kudumbashree Mission in Kerala aimed at empowering poor households, especially women, through income-generating activities.
• LIFE Mission (Livelihood Inclusion and Financial Empowerment): Kerala government’s housing initiative to provide safe housing for the homeless and landless, often integrated with PMAY (Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana).

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22. How many global records were set by Andhra Pradesh during the 11th International Yoga Day celebrations in 2025?
A) 15
B) 21
C) 23
D) 25
E) 19
Answer: C) 23

Event and Location:

• Event: 23 Global Records Set on International Yoga Day 2025
• Location: Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
• Date: June 21, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Andhra Pradesh government organized large-scale yoga events across the state including a mass session in Visakhapatnam where 3.03 lakh people participated, setting 23 global records including 2 Guinness World Records.
• Objectives: To promote yoga as a daily practice for well-being, elevate Andhra Pradesh’s image globally, and create awareness about the health benefits of yoga through large-scale public participation and record-setting initiatives.

Important Terms Explained:

• Guinness World Records: An internationally recognized authority for record-breaking achievements, validating and certifying records in various categories.
• World Book of Records: An organization that certifies world records and achievements based on criteria including uniqueness, social value, and public engagement.
• Visakhapatnam Declaration: A formal statement to be issued by the Andhra Pradesh government on Yoga Day encouraging citizens to integrate yoga into their daily lives.
• Yoga Adhyayan Parishad: A proposed council by the Andhra Pradesh government aimed at promoting yoga education, training, and awareness throughout the state.

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23. Which city will host India’s first Quantum Valley Centre by January 2026?
A) Bengaluru
B) Hyderabad
C) Pune
D) Amaravati
E) Chennai
Answer: D) Amaravati

Event and Location:

• Event: Announcement of India’s first Quantum Valley Centre
• Location: Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh
• Date: June 26, 2025 (announcement), Centre to be launched by January 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Andhra Pradesh government, along with leading tech companies, announced the establishment of a Quantum Valley Centre in Amaravati by early 2026.
• Objectives: To advance quantum computing research, foster industry-academia collaboration, promote innovation in sectors like healthcare and finance, and align with the National Quantum Mission.

Important Terms Explained:

• Quantum Computing: A next-generation computing paradigm that uses quantum bits (qubits) to perform complex calculations significantly faster than traditional computers.
• Quantum Valley Centre: A dedicated hub for quantum research, education, and industrial collaboration aimed at making Amaravati a leader in quantum technology.
• National Quantum Mission: A government initiative to promote quantum technologies in India, targeting applications in computing, communication, and precision measurement.

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24. What is the name of Kerala’s digital land management initiative highlighted at the 2025 Bhoomi Conclave?
A) Jan Bhoomi
B) Smart Bhoomi
C) Bhoomi Portal
D) Ente Bhoomi
E) Digital Kshetra
Answer: D) Ente Bhoomi

Event and Location:

• Event: Inauguration of ‘Bhoomi’ National Conclave on digital land survey
• Location: Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
• Date: June 25–28, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Kerala government inaugurated a four-day national-level ‘Bhoomi’ conclave to showcase and discuss innovations in digital land survey and governance.
• Objectives: To demonstrate the state’s progress in IT-based land management, encourage integration among land-related departments, and position Kerala as a global model in digital governance and land administration.

Important Terms Explained:

• Ente Bhoomi: Kerala’s Integrated Land Management System (ILMS) offering real-time, citizen-centric land services by integrating registration, revenue, and survey departments.
• Bhoomi Conclave: A four-day event organized to highlight innovations and best practices in digital land governance, with participation from 22 states and union territories.
• Template-based Land Registration: A simplified system reducing complex land documents to a maximum of 3–4 pages with integrated mutation and digital pre-sketches.

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Over All Review

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