Daily Current Affairs June 20

Dear Champions, as you all know that a lot of competitive exams have been notified consequently. Candidates have to prepare themselves according to the level of competition and expectation of the Recruitment board. Regarding that one of the most important topic is Daily Current Affairs June 20. Current Affairs in the form of contemporary events of national & international play a crucial role in almost every competitive exams like Banking, Insurance, SSC, UPSC, TNPSC, Railway etc.

Current affairs are the most dynamic yet scoring among all sections and need to be prepared from the right source. Here, we cafunsta team, providing Daily GK Updates, Current Affairs Questions, and Monthly current affairs pdf.

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June 20 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs June 20

1. What is the theme of World Refugee Day 2025?
A) Stand with the Displaced
B) Inclusion and Dignity
C) Solidarity with Refugees
D) Hope Away from Home
E) Shelter, Safety, and Rights
Answer: C) Solidarity with Refugees

Event and Location:

• Event: World Refugee Day 2025 Observance
• Location: Globally (including events in India, Yemen, Europe)
• Date: June 20, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: World Refugee Day is observed annually on June 20 to honour the resilience and contributions of refugees worldwide and promote policies of inclusion and protection.
• Objectives:
  • To raise awareness about the plight and rights of refugees.
  • To promote inclusion, employment, and fair treatment for displaced persons.
  • To reinforce solidarity through policy advocacy, educational efforts, and cultural events.
  • To combat discrimination and exploitation in host societies.

Important Terms Explained:

• World Refugee Day: An internationally recognized day observed on June 20 each year, designated by the United Nations to honour the courage and contributions of refugees.
• 1951 Refugee Convention: A key international legal document defining who is a refugee, their rights, and the legal obligations of states.
• UNHCR (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees): A UN agency mandated to aid and protect refugees, forcibly displaced communities, and stateless people.
• Solidarity with Refugees: The 2025 theme focuses on inclusion, labour rights, and empowerment, positioning refugees as contributors to society rather than victims.

Tabular Summary:

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2. What is the official theme of the 11th International Day of Yoga (IDY) 2025?
A) Yoga for Wellness and Peace
B) Yoga for Humanity
C) Yoga for One Earth, One Health
D) Yoga for Global Harmony
E) Yoga for Climate and Consciousness
Answer: C) Yoga for One Earth, One Health

Event and Location:

• Event: 11th International Day of Yoga (IDY) 2025 Celebrations
• Location: Lead event from Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh (India-wide and global observances)
• Date: June 21, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Ayush, under the Government of India, is organizing the 11th IDY with Prime Minister Narendra Modi leading the Common Yoga Protocol (CYP) from Visakhapatnam.
• Objectives:
  • Promote the practice and philosophy of Yoga globally.
  • Highlight health, sustainability, and wellness through mass participation.
  • Encourage public engagement across grassroots to international levels through signature initiatives.
  • Integrate environmental and health consciousness with yoga practice.

Important Terms Explained:

• Common Yoga Protocol (CYP): A standard 45-minute yoga routine prescribed by the Ministry of Ayush for mass yoga events globally.
• Yoga Sangam: A mass participation event where over 11 lakh groups have registered to practice yoga simultaneously across India.
• IDY (International Day of Yoga): Declared by the United Nations in 2014, celebrated annually on June 21 to promote global awareness of yoga’s benefits.
• Surya Namaskar: A traditional yoga sequence, performed symbolically by 25,000 tribal children in Visakhapatnam as part of IDY celebrations.
• Yoga for One Earth, One Health: The 2025 theme, emphasizing the interconnectedness of personal and planetary well-being.

Tabular Summary:

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Ranking – Daily Current Affairs June 20

3. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) report, what is India’s global rank in power generation growth between 2019 and 2024?
A) 1st
B) 2nd
C) 3rd
D) 4th
E) 5th
Answer: C) 3rd

Event and Location:

• Event: India becomes the third-largest power generator globally
• Location: India (Globally relevant via IEA)
• Date: June 20, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India has recorded the third-highest growth in power generation capacity worldwide between 2019 and 2024, driven by increased energy demand and a clean energy push.
• Objectives: The goal is to meet growing electricity demands, attract investment in renewable energy, and position India as a global leader in sustainable power generation while progressing toward its Net Zero target by 2070.

Global Ranking – Power Generation Growth (2019–2024):

Important Terms Explained:

• International Energy Agency (IEA): A Paris-based intergovernmental organization providing authoritative global energy data, forecasts, and policy recommendations.
• Solar PV: A renewable technology that converts sunlight into electricity using photovoltaic cells, which formed over 50% of India’s non-fossil energy investments.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Cross-border investment where a foreign entity acquires ownership or control in domestic businesses; India allows 100% FDI in most power sector areas.
• Development Finance Institution (DFI): Specialized financial entities that provide long-term financing for infrastructure and development projects, especially in renewable energy.
• National Solar Mission: An initiative under the National Action Plan on Climate Change aiming to promote solar energy deployment and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
• PLI Scheme: The Production Linked Incentive scheme introduced by the Indian government to boost domestic manufacturing capacity, including renewable energy components.

Tabular Summary:

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4. Who topped the ‘360 ONE Wealth Creators List 2025’ as India’s top under-40 wealth icons?
A) Bhavish Aggarwal
B) Nikhil Kamath
C) Devansh Jain
D) Ambani siblings – Aakash, Anant, and Isha
E) Siddharth Jain
Answer: D) Ambani siblings – Aakash, Anant, and Isha

Event and Location:

• Event: Release of the ‘360 ONE Wealth Creators List 2025’ highlighting under-40 Indian wealth icons
• Location: India (National Coverage)
• Date: June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The report, developed by 360 ONE Wealth (formerly IIFL Wealth) in partnership with CRISIL, lists the top 143 wealth creators under 40, based on verified data from listed companies and private valuations.
• Objectives: To celebrate young Indian entrepreneurs and inheritors, promote wealth transparency, encourage innovation, and reflect India’s growing digital and startup economy.

Important Terms Explained:

• 360 ONE Wealth: A leading Indian wealth management firm (formerly known as IIFL Wealth), specializing in financial services and investment advisory for high-net-worth individuals.
• CRISIL: A globally recognized Indian credit rating and research agency providing data analytics and economic research.
• Wealth Creator: An individual who has significantly contributed to net asset growth, typically via entrepreneurship, inheritance, or investment in scalable businesses.
• Digital-first Enterprise: A company founded on technology-driven models, disrupting traditional sectors — examples include Zerodha and Ola Electric.

Tabular Summary:

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs June 20

5. Which organization provided a partial guarantee for Pakistan’s $1 billion syndicated financing facility in June 2025?
A) IMF
B) World Bank
C) Islamic Development Bank
D) Asian Development Bank
E) Gulf Cooperation Council
Answer: D) Asian Development Bank

Event and Location:

• Event: Pakistan secures $1 billion syndicated financing with ADB backing
• Location: Pakistan – Financing arranged via Middle Eastern financial institutions
• Date: June 18, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Pakistan signed a $1 billion syndicated finance facility, structured with Islamic and conventional tranches, and partially backed by an ADB policy guarantee.
• Objectives: To enhance fiscal stability, re-enter global capital markets, and demonstrate commitment to structural reforms through policy-linked guarantees under ADB’s “Improved Resource Mobilisation and Utilisation Reform” programme.

Important Terms Explained:

• Syndicated Financing: A loan provided by a group of lenders (syndicate) to a single borrower, typically used for large-scale funding involving multiple institutions.
• Islamic Finance (AAOIFI-compliant): Financial products structured to comply with Islamic law, avoiding interest and speculation; ~89% of this facility adheres to AAOIFI (Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions) standards.
• ADB (Asian Development Bank): A regional development bank that provides loans and technical assistance to promote economic development in Asia-Pacific; in this case, ADB offered partial guarantees tied to fiscal reform.
• Improved Resource Mobilisation and Utilisation Reform Programme: An ADB-supported initiative promoting public financial management, domestic revenue mobilisation, and governance reforms in Pakistan.

Tabular Summary:

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6. Which country recently signed an MoU with India to implement UPI-based cross-border payments?
A) Greece
B) France
C) Cyprus
D) Italy
E) UAE
Answer: C) Cyprus

Event and Location:

• Event: India and Cyprus sign MoU to launch UPI for cross-border payments
• Location: Limassol, Cyprus (during PM Modi’s visit)
• Date: June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), through its international arm NIPL, signed an MoU with Eurobank Cyprus to enable UPI-based cross-border digital payments.
• Objectives: To enhance ease of payments for Indian tourists and businesses in Cyprus, promote fintech cooperation, and support digital diplomacy in Europe and the Mediterranean.

Important Terms Explained:

• UPI (Unified Payments Interface): A real-time digital payment system developed by NPCI, allowing instant money transfers between bank accounts via mobile.
• NPCI International Payments Ltd. (NIPL): The global arm of NPCI responsible for expanding UPI and RuPay infrastructure across international markets.
• Eurobank Cyprus: A major financial institution in Cyprus collaborating with NPCI to integrate India’s UPI system for cross-border transactions.
• FDI (Foreign Direct Investment): Investment from foreign entities into domestic assets; Cyprus is among India’s top 10 FDI contributors.
• GIFT City: Gujarat International Finance Tec-City – India’s first operational smart city and international financial services hub.

Tabular Summary:

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7. From which date will the RBI’s revised provisioning norms for project finance become effective?
A) July 1, 2025
B) August 1, 2025
C) October 1, 2025
D) January 1, 2026
E) December 1, 2025
Answer: C) October 1, 2025

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI eases project finance norms and lowers provisioning requirements
• Location: India (Nationwide banking sector)
• Date: Effective from October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has finalized guidelines that reduce provisioning for under-construction project loans from 5% (as proposed in 2024) to 1%, effective October 1, 2025.
• Objectives: To facilitate credit flow to infrastructure and commercial real estate projects, support timely execution, and maintain financial stability while easing the burden on banks and NBFCs.

Important Terms Explained:

• Provisioning: An accounting practice where banks set aside a portion of their capital to cover potential loan defaults. Lower provisioning improves bank liquidity and willingness to lend.
• Project Finance: Long-term financing of infrastructure or industrial projects based on the projected cash flows rather than the balance sheets of sponsors.
• CRE (Commercial Real Estate): Property used exclusively for business-related purposes. Provisioning differs depending on whether the project is under construction or operational.
• CRE-RH (Commercial Real Estate – Residential Housing): A sub-class of CRE involving residential development; treated separately for risk evaluation and provisioning.
• Expected Credit Loss (ECL) Model: A forward-looking provisioning method commonly used by NBFCs that estimates potential losses based on risk models.

Tabular Summary:

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8. Which card network recently launched a 25% cashback offer for in-store purchases across eight Asian countries?
A) Visa India
B) MasterCard
C) RuPay JCB
D) SBI Cards
E) BharatPay
Answer: C) RuPay JCB

Event and Location:

• Event: RuPay JCB launches international cashback offer for cardholders
• Location: Valid in Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand, and Hong Kong
• Date: June 15 to August 31, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: RuPay, in collaboration with JCB International, has introduced a 25% cashback offer for RuPay JCB debit and credit cardholders on in-store purchases across eight major Asian travel destinations.
• Objectives:
  • To enhance the global appeal of RuPay through cross-border benefits.
  • To support outbound Indian tourism with value-added payment solutions.
  • To promote smart spending via cashless and internationally accepted platforms.

Important Terms Explained:

• RuPay: A domestic card payment network launched by NPCI, aiming to reduce dependency on foreign card networks.
• JCB International: The global operations wing of JCB Co. Ltd., Japan, a leading card issuer and acquirer with a global merchant network.
• In-store Purchase: A face-to-face Point of Sale (POS) transaction made at a physical merchant location, not online.
• NPCI (National Payments Corporation of India): The apex body for retail payment systems in India, managing platforms like UPI, IMPS, RuPay, and AePS.
• NIPL (NPCI International Payments Ltd.): NPCI’s subsidiary for globalizing Indian payment solutions such as UPI and RuPay.

Tabular Summary:

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9. What is the key objective of the TRAI–RBI pilot project launched in June 2025?
A) Implement 5G services across India
B) Digitise legacy user consents for financial communications
C) Regulate telecom tariff hikes
D) Launch AI-powered chatbots in banks
E) Merge banking and telecom regulatory bodies
Answer: B) Digitise legacy user consents for financial communications

Event and Location:

• Event: TRAI–RBI pilot project to digitise paper-based user consents
• Location: India (initial rollout with selected banks nationwide)
• Date: Pilot order issued on June 13, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI), in collaboration with the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and selected banks, has launched a pilot project to convert offline consents given by users for receiving financial communications into a digital consent registry.
• Objectives:
  • Prevent misuse of consumer data in banking-related spam calls and messages
  • Create an interoperable, secure consent verification system
  • Allow users to withdraw past consents and regain control over commercial communication
  • Strengthen consumer protection and reduce financial fraud risk

Important Terms Explained:

• Digital Consent Registry: A secure digital platform maintained by Telecom Service Providers (TSPs) to record and verify user consents for receiving commercial communications.
• TCCCPR, 2018 (Telecom Commercial Communications Customer Preference Regulations): Regulatory framework allowing commercial entities to contact users who have explicitly consented, even if the number is registered on DND.
• Regulatory Sandbox: A live testing environment for new regulatory models and technologies, used by TRAI to validate the Consent Registration Function (CRF) before national rollout.
• CRF (Consent Registration Function): A framework enabling digital capture, storage, verification, and withdrawal of consumer consents.

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs June 20

10. Which organization has partnered with DPIIT to empower 1 million entrepreneurs across non-metro India?
A) Startup India Hub
B) NASSCOM
C) YourStory Media Pvt. Ltd.
D) Invest India
E) CII
Answer: C) YourStory Media Pvt. Ltd.

Event and Location:

• Event: DPIIT signs MoU with YourStory to empower 1 million grassroots entrepreneurs
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) has signed a Memorandum of Understanding with YourStory Media Pvt. Ltd. to launch The Bharat Project, aimed at empowering 1 million entrepreneurs from Tier II, Tier III, and rural India.
• Objectives: To democratize access to startup tools, AI-based platforms, and regional storytelling to promote inclusive entrepreneurship, innovation, and digital upskilling beyond metro cities.

Important Terms Explained:

• DPIIT: A central government department under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, responsible for formulating and implementing promotional policies for industrial growth and startups.
• YourStory Media Pvt. Ltd.: India’s leading digital media platform for startup and innovation content, focusing on entrepreneurial success stories and founder journeys.
• The Bharat Project: A DPIIT–YourStory collaboration targeting regional entrepreneurship using AI-powered support, venture launchpads, and local-language digital content.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat: India’s vision of self-reliance, promoting local manufacturing, innovation, and entrepreneurship as drivers of national development.

Tabular Summary:

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11. Which Malaysian agency has entered a five-year agreement to supply palm oil seeds to Patanjali Group?
A) FGV Holdings Berhad
B) Sime Darby Plantation
C) Sawit Kinabalu Group
D) Malaysian Palm Oil Board
E) Genting Plantations
Answer: C) Sawit Kinabalu Group

Event and Location:

• Event: Patanjali signs five-year palm oil seed supply agreement with Malaysian state agency
• Location: India and Malaysia
• Date: Agreement in force as of June 17, 2025 (signed earlier, valid till 2027)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Indian FMCG major Patanjali Group has entered into a five-year agreement with Sawit Kinabalu Group, a Malaysian state agency, to procure 4 million palm oil seeds, of which 1.5 million seeds have already been delivered.
• Objectives:
  • Support India’s domestic palm oil cultivation efforts
  • Reduce import dependence on edible oils
  • Facilitate establishment of palm oil processing infrastructure in India, particularly in Northeast India

Important Terms Explained:

• Sawit Kinabalu Group: A state-owned plantation and agribusiness group in Malaysia, involved in palm oil cultivation, seed processing, and sustainable agriculture.
• Palm Oil Seeds: These are planting materials for oil palm trees, a major source of edible oil and biofuels.
• NMEO-OP (National Mission on Edible Oils – Oil Palm): A Central Government scheme launched in 2021–22 to promote oil palm cultivation, particularly in Northeast India and A&N Islands, aiming to expand cultivation to 1 million hectares by 2026.
• Fruiting Stage: The stage at which oil palm plants begin yielding oil-bearing fruit bunches, typically 3–4 years after planting.

Tabular Summary:

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs June 20

12. Who was recently appointed as the first Indian Managing Director of Nippon Koei India?
A) Ramesh Nair
B) G. Sampath Kumar
C) Anil Swaminathan
D) Katsuya Fukasaku
E) Rajiv Bajaj
Answer: B) G. Sampath Kumar

Event and Location:

• Event: G. Sampath Kumar appointed as the first Indian MD of Nippon Koei India
• Location: India (Headquarters of Nippon Koei India)
• Date: June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: G. Sampath Kumar has been appointed as the Managing Director of Nippon Koei India, becoming the first Indian to hold this top leadership role.
• Objectives: To localize leadership, drive strategic expansion in India, West Asia, and the Asia-Pacific, and strengthen the company’s position in infrastructure consulting and engineering services.

Important Terms Explained:

• Nippon Koei India (NKI): The Indian arm of ID&E Holdings, Japan, NKI offers consultancy and engineering services in sectors such as transport, power, water, and urban planning.
• ID&E Holdings: A Japanese multinational holding group specializing in integrated design and engineering services for infrastructure development.
• Managing Director (MD): The highest-ranking executive in a company responsible for strategic direction and management; in this case, the MD will spearhead regional growth and local operations.
• IIT-BHU: One of India’s premier engineering institutions; G. Sampath Kumar is an alumnus with over three decades of infrastructure and consultancy experience.

Tabular Summary:

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs June 20

13. Which media house was named Champion of the Digital Media Awards South Asia 2025?
A) Times of India
B) The Hindu
C) Hindustan Times
D) The Indian Express
E) Deccan Herald
Answer: B) The Hindu

Event and Location:

• Event: The Hindu wins Champion of Digital Media Awards South Asia 2025
• Location: Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
• Date: June 18, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The World Association of News Publishers (WAN-IFRA) awarded The Hindu the title of Champion of Digital Media Awards South Asia 2025 after it secured 10 awards across digital categories.
• Objectives: To recognize excellence in digital journalism, including storytelling, audience engagement, and the use of technology like AI, reflecting innovation in the South Asian media landscape.

Important Terms Explained:

• WAN-IFRA: World Association of News Publishers, a global organization representing the newspaper and online news publishing industry, hosting annual awards to promote innovation and excellence in digital journalism.
• Native Advertising: A form of paid media where ads match the look, feel, and function of the media format in which they appear—The Hindu won for its “Made of Chennai” campaign.
• Digital Subscription Strategy: A revenue model where readers pay for access to digital content—The Hindu was recognized for optimizing this model with AI and data.
• Data Visualisation: A technique for presenting data in graphical formats—The Hindu won awards for electoral data and a special report on the Kallakurichi hooch tragedy.
• Podcast Journalism: Audio storytelling format that adds depth to news reporting—The Hindu’s podcast “In Focus” won gold.

Tabular Summary:

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14. Who was recently honoured with the Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) for contributions to the retail and consumer sector?
A) Roshni Nadar
B) Indra Nooyi
C) Leena Nair
D) Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw
E) Anjali Sud
Answer: C) Leena Nair

Event and Location:

• Event: Indian-origin CEO Leena Nair awarded Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE)
• Location: United Kingdom
• Date: June 11, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Leena Nair, the global CEO of Chanel, received the CBE honour from Prince William at a royal ceremony in the UK.
• Objectives:
  • Recognize her outstanding contributions to the global retail and consumer sector
  • Honour leadership and transformation in fashion through inclusivity, innovation, and business impact
  • Celebrate diversity in global executive leadership

Important Terms Explained:

• CBE (Commander of the Order of the British Empire):
  • A prestigious British honour awarded to individuals for significant contributions in their fields, especially public service or international business.
• Chanel:
  • A globally renowned French luxury fashion house, known for haute couture, perfumes, and accessories. Founded by Coco Chanel in 1910, it is among the world’s top fashion brands.
• HUL (Hindustan Unilever Limited):
  • One of India’s largest FMCG companies. Leena Nair started her career here and eventually became Unilever’s first female CHRO.
• XLRI (Xavier School of Management):
  • One of India’s top private business schools, located in Jamshedpur, known for its HR program. Leena Nair completed her MBA here in 1992.

Tabular Summary:

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs June 20

15. Which company recently became the first outside the US and China to successfully test a reusable rocket?
A) Hyundai
B) Honda
C) Toyota
D) Airbus
E) Mitsubishi
Answer: B) Honda

Event and Location:

• Event: Honda successfully tests its first experimental reusable rocket
• Location: Taiki Town, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan
• Date: June 17, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Japanese automotive giant Honda has successfully conducted a launch and landing test of a reusable experimental rocket, marking a significant shift toward aerospace development.
• Objectives: To validate reusability technologies, demonstrate autonomous navigation and precision landing, and pave the way for suborbital satellite launches in the near future.

Important Terms Explained:

• Reusable Rocket: A rocket system capable of being launched, landed, and reused multiple times, significantly reducing the cost of space travel.
• Autonomous Navigation: Technology that allows the rocket to control its flight path without human intervention, ensuring a stable and accurate return to the landing site.
• Suborbital Flight: A flight path that reaches space (~100 km altitude) but does not complete an orbit around the Earth—ideal for testing launch systems and small satellite deployment.
• Taiki Town (“Space Town”): A dedicated aerospace test zone in Hokkaido, Japan, with facilities supporting private spaceflight development and research.

Tabular Summary:

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs June 20

16. Which organization is developing the new 300-km range variant of the Pinaka rocket system?
A) ISRO
B) HAL
C) DRDO
D) BEL
E) BDL
Answer: C) DRDO

Event and Location:

• Event: India to induct 300-km range Pinaka missile system
• Location: India
• Date: June 20, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) will begin manufacturing advanced variants of the Pinaka multi-barrel rocket launcher system, with 120 km and 300 km range capabilities.
• Objectives: The purpose is to strengthen India’s indigenous artillery systems, enhance strike precision and operational flexibility, and reduce dependence on foreign defence systems in line with Atmanirbhar Bharat.

Important Terms Explained:

• Pinaka: An indigenous Multi-Barrel Rocket Launcher (MBRL) system developed by DRDO, capable of launching multiple rockets in quick succession.
• DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation): India’s premier defence R&D agency, responsible for developing advanced military systems and technologies.
• Guided Pinaka: An upgraded version of the Pinaka system equipped with inertial navigation for enhanced targeting accuracy.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat: A national mission to boost India’s self-reliance, particularly in key sectors like defence, through local manufacturing and innovation.
• Shoot-and-scoot capability: A tactical feature that allows artillery systems to fire and quickly relocate to avoid counter-attacks.

Tabular Summary:

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs June 20

17. What is the significance of PM Modi’s June 2025 visit to Croatia?
A) Launch of FTA with EU
B) First Indian PM visit to Croatia
C) Signing of a defence deal
D) Establishment of new embassy
E) India joins Three Seas Initiative
Answer: B) First Indian PM visit to Croatia

Event and Location:

• Event: PM Modi becomes the first Indian Prime Minister to visit Croatia
• Location: Croatia (Europe)
• Date: June 18, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Croatia as part of India’s outreach to strengthen ties with Central and Eastern European countries.
• Objectives: The goal is to expand economic partnerships, cultural exchanges, and strategic connectivity, especially through corridors like the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) and to enhance India’s geopolitical presence in Europe.

Important Terms Explained:

• India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC): A strategic connectivity project launched at the G20 Summit 2023, aimed at enhancing trade and transport links between India, the Middle East, and Europe.
• Three Seas Initiative (3SI): A forum of 12 EU countries between the Adriatic, Baltic, and Black Seas focusing on regional infrastructure, digital, and energy development.
• Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T): An EU initiative to integrate and improve infrastructure for transport, ensuring smooth logistics and economic connectivity across member states.
• Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): China’s global infrastructure development strategy to boost trade and investment links; India has opted out of this project due to sovereignty concerns.

Tabular Summary:

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18. As of June 2025, how many countries have a woman serving as Head of State and/or Head of Government?
A) 12
B) 18
C) 27
D) 31
E) 20
Answer: C) 27

Event and Location:

• Event: UN Women releases updated global statistics on women’s leadership and political participation
• Location: Global (India included)
• Date: June 12, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: UN Women released key data reflecting women’s political participation at executive, legislative, and local government levels across the globe as of June 2025.
• Objectives:
  • Track gender parity progress in political and public leadership roles.
  • Support Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 5 on gender equality.
  • Encourage evidence-based policy measures like gender quotas.
  • Highlight impact and barriers to women’s representation globally.

Important Terms Explained:

• Head of State / Head of Government: A Head of State typically represents the country symbolically (e.g., President), while the Head of Government leads the executive branch (e.g., Prime Minister).
• Gender Quotas: Legislative or voluntary measures requiring a minimum percentage of women candidates or officeholders to promote gender balance.
• Deliberative Bodies: Elected councils or assemblies (e.g., parliaments, municipal councils) that make laws or policy decisions.
• Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action (1995): A landmark global policy framework promoting gender equality, including equal participation in decision-making.

Tabular Summary:

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19. What is the key feature of the newly launched “Trump Card” immigration scheme in the US?
A) Permanent residency through merit-based selection
B) Citizenship via lottery system
C) Work visa for tech professionals
D) Residency for a $5 million payment
E) Employment visa for startups only
Answer: D) Residency for a $5 million payment

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of the “Trump Card” US immigration initiative for wealthy foreigners
• Location: United States of America
• Date: Publicly unveiled April 2025; registration opened June 16, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Trump Card is a new golden visa scheme announced by US President Donald Trump, allowing wealthy foreigners to obtain permanent residency and work rights in the US for a $5 million donation to the US Treasury.
• Objectives:
  • Raise revenue to address the US federal budget deficit and national debt
  • Attract high-net-worth individuals (HNWIs) to live, spend, and invest in the US
  • Replace the older EB-5 investor visa system with a more direct and expedited model
  • Stimulate job creation and tax revenue through affluent immigration

Important Terms Explained:

• Trump Card:
  • A golden visa-style initiative offering US permanent residency and a path to citizenship for wealthy individuals contributing $5 million to the government. It includes a physical gold-coloured card and direct access to work and live in the US.
• EB-5 Visa:
  • A US immigration program that grants green cards to foreign investors who invest $800,000–$1 million in a US business that creates at least 10 American jobs.
• Golden Visa:
  • A type of residency-by-investment program where foreign nationals gain residency or citizenship in return for significant economic contributions to the host country.
• Budget Deficit & US National Debt:
  • The budget deficit is when the US government spends more than it earns in a fiscal year. The national debt (over $36 trillion) is the accumulation of such deficits over time.

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs June 20

20. Which new initiative was introduced for the first time by the Election Commission of India during the June 2025 bye-polls?
A) EVM-linked Aadhaar verification
B) AI-based voter prediction
C) Mobile deposit facility at polling stations
D) Biometric fingerprint voting
E) Overseas online voting
Answer: C) Mobile deposit facility at polling stations

Event and Location:

• Event: New ECI election reforms implemented during June 2025 bye-elections
• Location: Assembly Constituencies in Gujarat, Kerala, Punjab, and West Bengal
• Date: June 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Election Commission of India (ECI) piloted several innovative reforms, including a mobile phone deposit system, real-time voter turnout reporting, and 100% webcasting, across five Assembly Constituencies during June 2025 bye-polls.
• Objectives: The reforms aim to enhance transparency, voter convenience, and election management efficiency, while preparing for large-scale adoption in major elections like the upcoming Bihar Assembly polls.

Important Terms Explained:

• Mobile Deposit Facility: A system where voters can securely deposit their mobile phones at polling stations in jute bags or pigeonhole boxes, promoting a distraction-free environment and improving security.
• Voter Turnout Reporting (VTR): Enhanced system using the ECINET App for real-time entry of turnout data by Presiding Officers every 2 hours, including offline syncing functionality.
• Webcasting: Live video surveillance of poll-day activities from polling stations, enabling multi-level monitoring by RO, DEO, and CEO offices.
• Special Summary Revision (SSR): A targeted update and verification of electoral rolls before elections to ensure voter data is current and accurate — conducted this time ahead of bye-polls after nearly two decades.
• ECINET App: A digital tool used by poll officers for real-time voter turnout updates, helping improve accuracy, speed, and transparency in reporting.

Tabular Summary:

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21. What is the main objective of the JAIHIND scheme launched by Delhi University?
A) Promote online degree programmes
B) Provide scholarships to tribal athletes
C) Train ST students in digital skills and CUET preparation
D) Fund PhD research for tribal scholars
E) Establish tribal study centres in metros
Answer: C) Train ST students in digital skills and CUET preparation

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of the JAIHIND scheme for ST students’ digital and CUET training
• Location: University of Delhi; first batch from Ukhrul, Manipur
• Date: June 18, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Delhi University has launched JAIHIND (Janajati Immersive Holistic Intervention for Novel Development) to support Scheduled Tribe (ST) students from Classes 9 to 12 through digital education and CUET preparedness.
• Objectives: To improve digital literacy, bridge the digital divide, assist ST students with CUET orientation, and ensure equitable access to higher education opportunities for tribal youth from remote and underserved areas.

Important Terms Explained:

• JAIHIND Scheme: A Delhi University initiative offering holistic digital and academic training to ST students, particularly for CUET preparation and higher education readiness.
• CUET (Common University Entrance Test): A mandatory computer-based entrance exam for undergraduate admissions to Central Universities in India since 2022.
• Scheduled Tribes (ST): Constitutionally recognized disadvantaged communities in India, many of whom live in remote or rural areas with limited access to digital resources.
• Digital Divide: The gap between those with and without access to digital technology — a major barrier to education for many tribal and rural students.

Tabular Summary:

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22. Which programme, supported by SBI Foundation, aims to enhance hands-on science learning in rural Karnataka?
A) DISHA
B) Kriya
C) Shiksha Setu
D) Vidya Vikas
E) Gyanoday
Answer: B) Kriya

Event and Location:

• Event: SBI Foundation supports expansion of Prayoga’s Kriya science education programme
• Location: Raichur district, Karnataka
• Date: June 17, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Kriya programme, led by Prayoga Institute of Education Research and supported by SBI Foundation and SBI Funds Management, was launched in 12 government schools in Raichur, Karnataka.
• Objectives: To promote inquiry-based, hands-on science learning, encourage critical thinking, and provide rural students from Classes 6 to 10 with equitable access to STEM education, aligned with NEP 2020.

Important Terms Explained:

• Kriya Programme: A flagship initiative promoting experiential science education through experiments and applications, designed to improve scientific understanding among rural students.
• SBI Foundation: The CSR arm of the State Bank of India, supporting inclusive development through initiatives in education, healthcare, sustainability, and empowerment.
• NEP 2020 (National Education Policy): India’s education reform policy focusing on holistic, skill-based, and inquiry-driven learning across all levels of education.
• Experiential Learning: A hands-on, student-centric method of learning through real-world applications and experiments rather than rote memorization.

Tabular Summary:

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23. To which country is India exporting its first indigenously manufactured locomotive, flagged off by PM Modi in June 2025?
A) Ghana
B) Kenya
C) Guinea
D) South Africa
E) Nigeria
Answer: C) Guinea

Event and Location:

• Event: PM Modi flags off India’s first locomotive export to Guinea
• Location: Marhowrah Rail Factory, Bihar
• Date: June 20, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India is exporting its first batch of 150 indigenously manufactured locomotives to Guinea, with the first flagged off by PM Modi from Bihar’s Marhowrah rail factory under a ₹3,000 crore agreement.
• Objectives: To support Guinea’s SimFer Simandou iron ore project, promote India’s Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative globally, strengthen India-Africa ties, and position India as a global railway manufacturing hub.

Important Terms Explained:

• Atmanirbhar Bharat: A mission launched by the Indian government to promote self-reliance in production and innovation, especially through indigenous manufacturing and global competitiveness.
• DPWCS (Distributed Power Wireless Control System): An advanced wireless control system enabling locomotives to haul large freight loads (up to 100 wagons) efficiently in tandem.
• SimFer Simandou Project: A large-scale iron ore mining and infrastructure development project in Guinea, one of the most significant in Africa.
• Marhowrah Rail Factory: A state-of-the-art locomotive manufacturing plant in Bihar, capable of producing broad gauge, standard gauge, and cape gauge locomotives for international use.

Tabular Summary:

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24. Which Indian city is set to conduct its first cloud-seeding trial by the end of June 2025?
A) Bengaluru
B) Mumbai
C) Lucknow
D) Delhi
E) Hyderabad
Answer: D) Delhi

Event and Location:

• Event: Delhi to conduct its first cloud-seeding trial for artificial rain
• Location: Outer areas of Delhi, flight base at Hindon Air Base, Ghaziabad
• Date: Expected by June-end, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Delhi Government, with support from IMD, IIT Kanpur, and the Ministry of Defence, is set to conduct a cloud-seeding trial to explore artificial rainfall as a potential pollution and water scarcity mitigation tool.
• Objectives: To test the feasibility of artificial rain through cloud seeding during high pollution periods, gather data on effectiveness, and evaluate the environmental safety of using silver iodide-based mixtures in the air.

Important Terms Explained:

• Cloud Seeding: A weather modification technique involving the dispersal of substances like silver iodide into the atmosphere to induce precipitation in moisture-laden clouds.
• Silver Iodide (AgI): A chemical compound used as a glaciogenic seeding agent in cloud seeding to promote ice crystal formation and initiate rainfall.
• Hygroscopic Agent: Substances like powdered rock salt that attract moisture and encourage droplet growth, used in seeding warm clouds.
• Nimbostratus Clouds: Low to mid-level, thick, and moisture-rich cloud formations ideal for cloud seeding due to their ability to produce steady precipitation.
• IIT Kanpur: Premier Indian institute responsible for developing the chemical seeding mixture and monitoring environmental impacts.
• IMD (India Meteorological Department): Provides 6-hour forecasts on cloud conditions, crucial for planning cloud-seeding flight operations.

Tabular Summary:

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25. On the occasion of World Sickle Cell Day 2025, which institution organized an awareness rally in Andhra Pradesh?
A) NIMS Hyderabad
B) AIIMS Mangalagiri
C) JIPMER Puducherry
D) AIIMS Bhopal
E) KMC Manipal
Answer: B) AIIMS Mangalagiri

Event and Location:

• Event: World Sickle Cell Day Awareness Rally
• Location: AIIMS Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh
• Date: June 19, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: AIIMS Mangalagiri, in collaboration with the Departments of Health and Tribal Welfare, organized an awareness rally to mark World Sickle Cell Day 2025.
• Objectives: To raise public awareness about Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), encourage community engagement, and support India’s mission to eliminate SCD by 2047, particularly among tribal populations most affected by the disorder.

Important Terms Explained:

• Sickle Cell Disease (SCD): A genetic blood disorder where red blood cells become misshapen and break down, causing anemia, chronic pain, infections, and severe complications like stroke.
• World Sickle Cell Day: Observed annually on June 19, designated by the United Nations to raise global awareness of SCD.
• National Sickle Cell Elimination Mission: A health initiative launched by the Government of India with a target to eradicate SCD by 2047, focusing on tribal and high-burden regions.
• AIIMS (All India Institute of Medical Sciences) Mangalagiri: A premier medical institution in Andhra Pradesh actively engaged in healthcare outreach and public health education.

Tabular Summary:

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26. Which Indian state became the first to integrate all its Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) into a single digital platform through E-Nagarpalika 2.0?
A) Maharashtra
B) Gujarat
C) Karnataka
D) Madhya Pradesh
E) Tamil Nadu
Answer: D) Madhya Pradesh

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of E-Nagarpalika 2.0 digital governance platform
• Location: Madhya Pradesh, India
• Date: June 11, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Madhya Pradesh’s Urban Development and Housing Department launched E-Nagarpalika 2.0, becoming the first Indian state to bring all 413 Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) under a single digital portal.
• Objectives:
  • Provide centralized, transparent, and accessible urban governance
  • Enhance citizen service delivery through digital tools
  • Integrate urban municipal operations with state-level platforms such as UMANG
  • Enable real-time data access, workflow transparency, and efficient resource allocation

Important Terms Explained:

• E-Nagarpalika 2.0:
  • An upgraded digital platform for municipal governance launched by Madhya Pradesh to unify all Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) under one system.
• UMANG (Unified Mobile Application for New-age Governance):
  • A Government of India mobile platform offering access to central and state e-governance services in one place.
• GIS Integration:
  • Integration of Geographic Information Systems for mapping urban infrastructure, aiding planning, tracking, and service delivery.
• Open-Source Technology:
  • Software whose source code is freely available, helping reduce costs and avoid vendor dependency.
• ULBs (Urban Local Bodies):
  • Constitutionally recognized municipal bodies responsible for governance and service delivery in urban areas.

Tabular Summary:

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27. Which mobile application, showcased by Indian Customs at IPTS 2025, allows international passengers to pre-file customs declarations?
A) DigiSeva
B) BharatTravel
C) ATITHI
D) SurakshaApp
E) NiryatSetu
Answer: C) ATITHI

Event and Location:

• Event: DGTS and Indian Customs showcase digital innovations at Inter Terminal Passenger Show (IPTS) 2025
• Location: Mumbai, Maharashtra (Mumbai Airport)
• Date: June 12–13, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Directorate General of Taxpayer Services (DGTS), Mumbai Zonal Unit, and Indian Customs participated in IPTS 2025 to present digital solutions aimed at enhancing airport operations and passenger services.
• Objectives:
  • Improve airport efficiency and traveller experience through digital platforms
  • Enhance trade facilitation via automation of customs processes
  • Promote seamless, contactless processing through cutting-edge technologies
  • Engage with stakeholders to clarify customs processes and documentation

Important Terms Explained:

• ATITHI App: A mobile application developed by Indian Customs for international travellers to pre-file baggage customs declarations before arrival in India.
• DRISTI (Digital Receipt and Invoice Tracking Initiative): A tool for efficient invoice management and tracking within customs processes.
• e-BRC (Electronic Bank Realisation Certificate): A digitally generated certificate used for validating export transactions and foreign exchange realization.
• X-MAS (e-Examination and e-Manifest Automated System): A digital system for processing cargo examination and manifests for improved logistics.
• EKAL ANUBANDH: An online platform for filing E-Bonds and E-Bank Guarantees, enabling paperless customs documentation.
• DigiYatra: An initiative by the Government of India promoting contactless and paperless air travel through biometric boarding and digital identity.

Tabular Summary:

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Over All Review

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