Daily Current Affairs May 19

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May 19 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs May 19

1. What is the theme of World Telecommunication and Information Society Day (WTISD) 2025?
A) Digital Access for All
B) Bridging the Digital Divide
C) Smart Technology for Tomorrow
D) Digital Innovation for Sustainable Development
E) Technology and Humanity
Answer: D) Digital Innovation for Sustainable Development

Event and Location:

• Event: World Telecommunication and Information Society Day 2025 was observed globally to highlight the role of digital innovation in fostering inclusive, sustainable development.
• Location: Worldwide observance under the coordination of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
• Date: May 17, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Commemorating ITU’s Foundation: WTISD marks the founding of the International Telecommunication Union in 1865 and raises awareness about the importance of telecom and digital systems.
• Promoting Digital Equality: The event urges global stakeholders to ensure equitable access to information and communication technologies (ICTs), especially in underserved regions.
• Supporting Sustainable Goals: The 2025 theme aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by emphasizing the transformative power of digital innovation across education, healthcare, economy, and climate action.

Important Terms Explained:

• World Telecommunication and Information Society Day (WTISD): An annual global observance on May 17 to promote awareness about the role of ICTs in fostering inclusive growth and innovation, commemorating the foundation of ITU.
• International Telecommunication Union (ITU): A specialized UN agency responsible for global ICT standards, spectrum management, and facilitating worldwide connectivity.
• Digital Divide: The gap between populations with access to modern information and communication technology and those without, often influenced by geography, income, or education.
• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): A set of 17 global objectives adopted by the UN to achieve peace, prosperity, and environmental protection by 2030.

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2. What is the theme of International Museum Day 2025?
A) Museums for Peace and Cultural Dialogue
B) The Role of Museums in Sustainable Development
C) The Future of Museums in Rapidly Changing Communities
D) Museums as Agents of Social Change
E) Museums and Digital Innovation
Answer: C) The Future of Museums in Rapidly Changing Communities

Event and Location:

• Event: International Museum Day 2025 was celebrated to highlight the evolving role of museums in education, culture, innovation, and community engagement.
• Location: Celebrated globally across more than 158 countries by over 37,000 museums
• Date: May 18, 2025 (Sunday)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Educational and Cultural Impact: The day promotes awareness about the essential role museums play in preserving heritage and educating future generations.
• Adaptation to Change: The 2025 theme emphasizes how museums are transforming to meet the needs of dynamic societies shaped by social, technological, and environmental change.
• Fostering Global Dialogue: Museums are seen as inclusive spaces fostering intercultural understanding and community engagement to promote sustainable development and peace.

Important Terms Explained:

• International Museum Day (IMD): An annual observance initiated by the International Council of Museums (ICOM) to emphasize the social, educational, and cultural role of museums. First officially celebrated on May 18, 1978.
• ICOM (International Council of Museums): A global organization of museums and professionals committed to the research, preservation, and communication of cultural heritage.
• Intangible Heritage: Non-physical elements of cultural heritage such as folklore, traditions, language, rituals, and knowledge systems that museums are increasingly aiming to protect.

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs May 19

3. Which country did India defeat in the final to win the SAFF U-19 Championship 2025?
A) Pakistan
B) Nepal
C) Sri Lanka
D) Bangladesh
E) Maldives
Answer: D) Bangladesh

Event and Location:

• Event: India’s U-19 football team won the SAFF U-19 Championship 2025 by defeating Bangladesh in a penalty shootout.
• Location: Golden Jubilee Stadium, Yupia, Arunachal Pradesh
• Date: May 18, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Regional Youth Development: The SAFF U-19 Championship aims to promote football at the grassroots level across South Asia and identify promising young talent.
• International Exposure for Youth: The tournament provides valuable match experience and competitive exposure to U-19 national teams.
• Strengthening National Pipeline: The championship helps in building a feeder system for the senior national team by nurturing young footballers for future international duties.

Important Terms Explained:

• SAFF U-19 Championship: An international youth football tournament organized by the South Asian Football Federation (SAFF) for under-19 men’s national teams from South Asia.
• Penalty Shootout: A method used to determine the winner in knockout football matches when scores are tied after regular time. Each team takes alternate penalty kicks, and the team scoring more goals wins.
• Golden Jubilee Stadium: A prominent sports venue in Yupia, Arunachal Pradesh, known for hosting regional and national football events.

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4. Who won the Miss World 2025 Sports Challenge held in Hyderabad?
A) Emma Morrison
B) Eliise Randmaa
C) Aurélie Joachim
D) Anna-Lise Nanton
E) Nishka Agarwal
Answer: B) Eliise Randmaa

Event and Location:

• Event: Miss Estonia, Eliise Randmaa, won the Miss World 2025 Sports Challenge, securing Estonia’s first-ever quarter-final placement in over 20 years.
• Location: Gachibowli Indoor Stadium, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
• Date: May 17, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Empowering Women through Athletics: The Sports Challenge aimed to assess and celebrate the athleticism, teamwork, and mental resilience of Miss World participants.
• Promoting Global Cultural Exchange: The event combined physical contests with traditional Indian performances to foster international camaraderie and cultural pride.
• Fast-Track Qualification Purpose: As a designated fast-track event in the Miss World pageant, it provides the winner with automatic entry into the Top 40 quarter-finalists.

Important Terms Explained:

• Miss World Sports Challenge: A segment of the Miss World competition focused on testing participants’ physical fitness, endurance, sportsmanship, and competitive spirit.
• Fast-track Competition: A classification in the Miss World pageant where winning certain sub-events—like Sports, Talent, or Top Model—guarantees direct advancement to the later rounds.
• Mallakhamb: A traditional Indian sport that combines aerial yoga and gymnastics on a vertical pole, showcasing strength and agility, often featured in cultural exhibitions.

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs May 19

5. Which feature of the new ₹20 banknotes issued by RBI remains unchanged despite the updated signature?
A) Series name
B) Governor’s name
C) Colour of the note
D) Motif replaced with Taj Mahal
E) Design issued under Gandhi (Old) Series
Answer: C) Colour of the note

Event and Location:

• Event: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has announced the issuance of new ₹20 banknotes that will bear the signature of the newly appointed RBI Governor, Sanjay Malhotra.
• Location: The new banknotes will be circulated across India, following standard RBI procedures for nationwide implementation.
• Date: The announcement was made on May 19, 2025, as part of RBI’s routine currency update process after a change in leadership.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Reflecting Leadership Change: The primary mandate is to update the signature on the ₹20 denomination banknotes to reflect the recent appointment of Sanjay Malhotra as RBI Governor.
• Currency Standardization: A key objective is to maintain consistency and uniformity in the appearance and signature on all currency denominations issued by the central bank.
• Public Trust and Legal Validity: This update reinforces public trust in India’s currency system and affirms that previously issued ₹20 notes remain valid as legal tender.

Important Terms Explained:

• Mahatma Gandhi (New) Series: This series was launched in 2016 and includes redesigned currency notes with enhanced security features, fresh layouts, and themes showcasing India’s heritage.
• Legal Tender: This refers to currency that must be accepted for settling debts and official transactions. The RBI clarified that all older ₹20 notes continue to be valid legal tender.
• Ellora Caves: Featured on the reverse of the ₹20 note, the Ellora Caves are a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in Maharashtra, symbolizing India’s ancient rock-cut architecture.

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs May 19

6. Who were the recipients of the 58th Jnanpith Award conferred by President Murmu in May 2025?
A) Amrita Pritam and Girish Karnad
B) Gulzar and Pratibha Ray
C) Gulzar and Rambhadracharya
D) Mahadevi Verma and Gulzar
E) Ramdhari Singh Dinkar and Rambhadracharya
Answer: C) Gulzar and Rambhadracharya

Event and Location:

• Event: President Droupadi Murmu conferred the 58th Jnanpith Award, India’s highest literary honour, on Gulzar and Rambhadracharya for their outstanding contributions to Indian literature.
• Location: Vigyan Bhavan, New Delhi
• Date: 17 May 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Celebration of Literary Excellence: The award recognises the significant impact of Gulzar’s emotional poetry and storytelling and Rambhadracharya’s scholarly Sanskrit and Hindi literary contributions.
• Promotion of India’s Linguistic and Cultural Unity: The event highlighted India’s inclusive literary spectrum, bridging traditional devotional literature and modern creative expression.
• Support for Literature’s Role in Nation-Building: President Murmu emphasised literature’s role in fostering cultural identity, education, and spiritual consciousness in a diverse nation.

Important Terms Explained:

• Jnanpith Award: Instituted in 1961 by Bharatiya Jnanpith, it is India’s highest literary award given for outstanding contributions to Indian literature across all languages. It includes a citation, cash prize, and a bronze idol of Vagdevi (Saraswati).
• Rambhadracharya: Also known as Jagadguru Ramanandacharya Swami Rambhadracharya, he is a blind scholar-saint, author of four Sanskrit epics, and founder of the Jagadguru Rambhadracharya Divyang State University serving over 2,000 visually impaired students.
• Gulzar: The pen name of Sampooran Singh Kalra, he is a legendary poet, lyricist, and writer known for his deeply moving works in Hindi literature and cinema. He is a recipient of the Oscar, Grammy, and Dadasaheb Phalke Awards.

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs May 19

7. What was the name of the rare liver disorder treated using CRISPR technology in the 9-month-old baby in the US?
A) Wilson’s disease
B) Hemochromatosis
C) CPS1 deficiency
D) Maple syrup urine disease
E) Gaucher disease
Answer: C) CPS1 deficiency

Event and Location:

• Event: A nine-month-old baby named KJ Muldoon became the first person to be treated for CPS1 deficiency using a personalized CRISPR-based gene-editing therapy.
• Location: United States (Treatment conducted at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine)
• Date: May 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Precision Treatment for Rare Disorder: The goal was to use gene-editing technology to address a rare and fatal liver condition through a one-time treatment tailored to a unique mutation.
• Introduction of Real-Time Gene Editing in Medicine: The therapy represents the implementation of CRISPR-base editing as a clinical solution for individual patients in urgent need.
• Global Impact and Framework Creation: The objective also includes setting a model for the treatment of other ultra-rare genetic diseases through customized genomic interventions.

Important Terms Explained:

• CRISPR: A revolutionary gene-editing tool that allows scientists to precisely modify specific parts of the DNA, offering potential cures for genetic disorders.
• Base Editing: A more refined version of CRISPR that changes a single letter in the DNA without breaking the DNA strand, reducing risks associated with traditional gene editing.
• CPS1 Deficiency: A rare genetic disorder of the urea cycle where the liver fails to convert toxic ammonia into urea, causing rapid health decline in newborns if untreated.

Tabular Summary:

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8. What is the total financial outlay of India’s Semiconductor Mission launched to build a domestic chip ecosystem?
A) ₹56,000 crore
B) ₹65,000 crore
C) ₹76,000 crore
D) ₹85,000 crore
E) ₹91,000 crore
Answer: C) ₹76,000 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: India launched the India Semiconductor Mission (ISM) to position itself as a global semiconductor manufacturing and innovation hub.
• Location: Nationwide initiative led by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), Government of India
• Date: December 2021 (mission launch), with major developments continuing into 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Strategic Technology Development: The mission aims to establish India’s self-reliance in semiconductors and reduce dependence on imports by promoting local chip manufacturing, design, and packaging infrastructure.
• Industrial and Economic Growth: Through its ₹76,000 crore incentive plan, the initiative seeks to boost the electronics manufacturing ecosystem and generate employment across technical and industrial sectors.
• Global Value Chain Integration: India aspires to become an integral part of the global semiconductor supply chain through international partnerships, technology transfer, and advanced manufacturing facilities.

Important Terms Explained:

• India Semiconductor Mission (ISM): A government initiative launched in 2021 under MeitY to create a sustainable semiconductor and display manufacturing ecosystem in India, backed by financial and infrastructural incentives.
• Design Linked Incentive (DLI) Scheme: A sub-program of ISM, it provides financial and infrastructural support to domestic companies involved in semiconductor design to encourage innovation and IP creation.
• ATMP Units: Refers to Assembly, Testing, Marking, and Packaging units that are essential in the final stages of chip manufacturing before chips are supplied to industries for integration.
• iCET (India-US Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies): A bilateral initiative between India and the United States to foster collaboration in emerging technologies including semiconductors, AI, and defense.

Tabular Summary:

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9. What key lunar mystery did NASA’s GRAIL mission help solve?
A) Presence of water on the Moon
B) Formation of lunar craters
C) Asymmetry between the Moon’s nearside and farside
D) Existence of alien structures
E) Discovery of new lunar minerals
Answer: C) Asymmetry between the Moon’s nearside and farside

Event and Location:

• Event: NASA’s GRAIL mission resolved the mystery of the Moon’s geological asymmetry by analyzing gravity and heat data from the nearside and farside.
• Location: Data collected via lunar orbit; research led by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
• Date: Findings published and highlighted in May 2025 (GRAIL mission launched in 2011)

Mandates and Objectives:

• High-Precision Gravity Mapping: The mission aimed to map the Moon’s gravitational field using dual satellites to infer its internal structure and crustal variations.
• Understanding Lunar Evolution: The objective was to explain the distinct geological features between the Moon’s two hemispheres, including differences in crust thickness and volcanic history.
• Support for Future Lunar Missions: The mission supports upcoming Moon missions by identifying areas with thinner crust and greater thermal activity, aiding in safe landing site selection.

Important Terms Explained:

• GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory): A NASA mission launched in 2011 with twin spacecraft named Ebb and Flow designed to measure the Moon’s gravitational field and interior composition.
• Nearside and Farside of the Moon: The nearside always faces Earth and contains vast basalt plains (mare), while the farside is rugged and heavily cratered due to less volcanic activity.
• Tidal Flexing: A phenomenon where a celestial body’s shape is altered due to the gravitational pull of another body; in this case, the Moon’s nearside experiences greater flexing due to Earth’s gravity.
• Radioactive Elements (Thorium & Titanium): These heat-producing elements were found in higher concentrations on the Moon’s nearside, contributing to the crustal and thermal differences.

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs May 19

10. What is the proposed excise tax rate on international remittances sent by non-citizens as per the new US bill?
A) 3 percent
B) 4 percent
C) 5 percent
D) 6 percent
E) 7 percent
Answer: C) 5 percent

Event and Location:

• Event: The US Congress has introduced a bill proposing a 5% excise tax on international remittances made by non-citizens, potentially affecting millions of Indian immigrants.
• Location: United States
• Date: May 19, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Revenue Generation: The primary aim of the proposed bill is to create a new revenue stream for the US government by taxing cross-border financial flows initiated by non-citizens.
• Regulation of Remittances: The objective is to regulate and formalize remittance flows by imposing responsibility on service providers to collect and remit the tax.
• Immigration and Economic Influence: The move appears intended to influence foreign worker inflows and addresses political sentiments around non-citizen contributions to the US economy.

Important Terms Explained:

• Excise Tax: This is a type of indirect tax imposed on specific goods, services, or transactions. In this context, it refers to a 5% charge levied on outward remittances sent by non-citizens.
• H-1B Visa: A non-immigrant visa that allows US companies to employ foreign workers in specialty occupations, often used by Indian tech professionals.
• F-1 Visa: A visa category issued to international students for academic studies in the United States.
• Remittance Service Providers: These are financial entities or platforms like banks, Western Union, or online fintech firms that facilitate money transfers across borders and would be tasked with collecting this tax.

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs May 19

11. Which historical structure in Delhi was restored by the Archaeological Survey of India in 2025?
A) Agrasen Ki Baoli
B) Rajon Ki Baoli
C) Gandhak Ki Baoli
D) Red Fort Stepwell
E) Hauz Khas Tank
Answer: B) Rajon Ki Baoli

Event and Location:

• Event: The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) restored the 16th-century stepwell Rajon Ki Baoli, preserving a significant piece of India’s architectural and environmental heritage.
• Location: Mehrauli, Delhi
• Date: May 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Historical Preservation: The aim was to conserve Rajon Ki Baoli, a notable Lodi-era structure, and restore its architectural authenticity.
• Revival of Traditional Water Systems: The project promoted sustainable water conservation practices using historical techniques such as lime mortar and natural desilting.
• Community Involvement and Awareness: The restoration engaged local communities in learning about environmental stewardship and heritage upkeep.

Important Terms Explained:

• Rajon Ki Baoli: A four-tiered stepwell built around 1506 during the Lodi dynasty, known for its Indo-Islamic architecture, carved colonnades, and utility as a rest stop and water reservoir.
• Stepwell: Also known as ‘baoli’ or ‘vav’, it is a water storage structure that provides access to groundwater, especially used in arid regions of India for centuries.
• Lime Mortar: A traditional building material composed of lime and sand used in historical conservation for its durability, breathability, and compatibility with ancient structures.

Tabular Summary:

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12. Which observatory was featured on a commemorative stamp to mark 125 years of solar research in India?
A) Indian Astronomical Observatory
B) Vainu Bappu Observatory
C) Kodaikanal Solar Observatory
D) Mount Abu Infrared Observatory
E) Aryabhatta Research Institute
Answer: C) Kodaikanal Solar Observatory

Event and Location:

• Event: The Department of Posts released a commemorative stamp marking the 125th anniversary of the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory, celebrating India’s solar research legacy.
• Location: Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), Bengaluru
• Date: May 17, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Scientific Commemoration: The initiative aims to honour the legacy of solar observations initiated in 1899, which have significantly contributed to global solar astrophysics.
• Public Awareness through Philately: The stamp promotes awareness about India’s scientific achievements through a visually symbolic tribute available to collectors and science enthusiasts.
• Encouraging Scientific Heritage: The celebration reinforces the importance of preserving and promoting India’s contributions to astronomical research and space science education.

Important Terms Explained:

• Kodaikanal Solar Observatory: Established on April 1, 1899, in Tamil Nadu, this is one of the oldest solar observatories in the world, known for long-term observations of sunspots, solar cycles, and magnetic fields.
• H-alpha Image: A specific wavelength of light emitted by hydrogen atoms, used in solar imaging to study sunspots, flares, and prominences.
• Butterfly Diagram: A visual chart that maps sunspot latitudes over time, revealing solar cycle patterns—used globally in solar physics research.
• Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA): A premier institute under the Department of Science and Technology responsible for advanced research in astronomy, including management of historical observatories like Kodaikanal.

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Over All Review

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