Daily Current Affairs March 06

Dear Champions, as you all know that a lot of competitive exams have been notified consequently. Candidates have to prepare themselves according to the level of competition and expectation of the Recruitment board. Regarding that one of the most important topic is Daily Current Affairs March 06. Current Affairs in the form of contemporary events of national & international play a crucial role in almost every competitive exams like Banking, Insurance, SSC, UPSC, TNPSC, Railway etc.

Current affairs are the most dynamic yet scoring among all sections and need to be prepared from the right source. Here, we cafunsta team, providing Daily GK Updates, Current Affairs Questions, and Monthly current affairs pdf.

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March 06 | Daily Current Affairs 2024

Sports – Daily Current Affairs March 06

1. Where will the Khelo India Para Games (KIPG) 2025 be held?
A) Mumbai
B) Chennai
C) New Delhi
D) Hyderabad
E) Bengaluru
Answer: C) New Delhi

Event and Location:

• Event: Khelo India Para Games (KIPG) 2025 is set to take place in New Delhi.
• Date: March 20-27, 2025.
• Location: New Delhi, India.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Event: KIPG 2025 aims to promote para sports in India and provide a competitive platform for para athletes.
• Government Initiative: The event is organized under the Khelo India initiative, highlighting the government’s commitment to developing sports infrastructure and athlete support programs.

Athlete Participation:

• Total Participants: Around 1,230 para athletes will compete in KIPG 2025.
• Top Competitors: The event will feature standout para athletes from the 2024 Paris Paralympics and 2022 Asian Para Games.

Sports Disciplines:

• Number of Sports: Competitions will be held across six sports disciplines:
  1. Para Archery
  2. Para Athletics
  3. Para Badminton
  4. Para Powerlifting
  5. Para Shooting
  6. Para Table Tennis

Event Venues:

• Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium: Hosts Para Athletics, Para Archery, and Para Powerlifting from March 21-26.
• Indira Gandhi Stadium Complex: Hosts Para Badminton and Para Table Tennis from March 20-27.
• Dr. Karni Singh Shooting Range: Hosts Para Shooting from March 21-25.

Star Athletes Participating:

• Harvinder Singh: Gold Medalist, Para Archery (Paris 2024).
• Dharambir: Gold Medalist, Club Throw (Paris 2024).
• Praveen Kumar: Gold Medalist, High Jump (Paris 2024).

India’s Performance at the Paris Paralympics 2024:

• Medal Tally: India won a record 29 medals, including 7 golds.
• Khelo India Representation: 25 Khelo India athletes were part of the 84-member Indian contingent.
• Khelo India Medalists: Five Khelo India athletes won medals at Paris 2024.

Government Support for Para Sports:

• Target Olympic Podium Scheme (TOPS): 52 para athletes are part of the TOPS core group for the 2028 Los Angeles Olympics.
• Focus on Para Sports: The government considers para sports a priority sector for national sports development.

Previous Edition of KIPG:

• First Edition: The first Khelo India Para Games was held in December 2023 in New Delhi.
• Sports & Venues: It featured seven disciplines across three venues.

Second Major SAI Event in 2025:

• KIPG 2025 follows:
  • Khelo India Winter Games in Ladakh (January 2025).
  • Khelo India Winter Games in Gulmarg, J&K (March 9-12, 2025).

Important Terms Explained:

• Khelo India Para Games (KIPG): A national-level sporting event promoting para athletics and ensuring equal opportunities for disabled athletes.
• Target Olympic Podium Scheme (TOPS): A scheme by the Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports to support elite athletes preparing for the Olympics and Paralympics.

Tabular Summary:

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2. At which event will Achanta Sharath Kamal play his farewell tournament before retirement?
A) Asian Games 2025
B) Paris Olympics 2024
C) WTT Star Contender Chennai 2025
D) ITTF World Championships 2025
E) Commonwealth Games 2026
Answer: C) WTT Star Contender Chennai 2025

Event and Location:

• Event: Achanta Sharath Kamal, India’s legendary table tennis player, has announced his retirement from professional table tennis.
• Final Tournament: WTT Star Contender Chennai at Nehru Indoor Stadium, Chennai, from March 25 to 30, 2025.
• Age at Retirement: 42 years.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Career Highlights & Achievements:
  • Five-time Olympian and India’s highest-ranked table tennis player (World Rank 42 as of 2025).
  • 10-time National Champion, making him one of India’s most successful TT players.
  • 13-time Commonwealth Games medallist across five editions (2006-2022).
  • Asian Games Double Medallist.
  • First Indian to win gold in Men’s Singles and Team Event at 2006 Commonwealth Games (Melbourne).
  • Won four medals at the 2022 Birmingham Commonwealth Games (3 gold, 1 silver).
  • Achieved a career-high world ranking of 30.

Challenges & Comebacks:

• Hip injury in 2015 at the World Championships in Suzhou, China, nearly ended his career.
• Faced criticism for extending his career but proved resilience by making a strong comeback.
• TTFI suspension in 2022 caused administrative instability in Indian table tennis.
• Struggled with form before Paris 2024, but recovered at the Singapore Smash tournament, reaching the quarterfinals.

Paris Olympics & Future Role:

• Instrumental in India’s men’s and women’s teams qualifying for the Paris Olympics 2024—a historic achievement.
• Mentored young Indian players during his final competitive phase.
• Currently serves as Co-Chair of the International Table Tennis Federation’s (ITTF) Athletes Commission.
• Plans to establish a Table Tennis Academy in collaboration with the Tamil Nadu Sports Development Authority.

Legacy & Future Contributions:

• One of India’s greatest table tennis players, an inspiration to young athletes.
• Ambassador for table tennis, working towards its global representation.
• Committed to coaching, administration, and athlete development post-retirement.

Important Terms Explained:

• WTT Star Contender Chennai: A prestigious international table tennis event, featuring top global players.
• International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF): The governing body for table tennis worldwide, overseeing international competitions.

Tabular Summary:

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs March 06

3. Which new feature has Paytm UPI introduced to simplify equity trading transactions?
A) UPI AutoPay for Subscriptions
B) UPI Trading Blocks
C) Instant Fund Transfer Mode
D) Paytm Trading Wallet
E) Digital Stock Pledge System
Answer: B) UPI Trading Blocks

Event and Location:

• Event: Paytm, operated by One 97 Communications, announced the launch of UPI Trading Blocks, a feature enabling automatic payment deductions for equity trading transactions.
• Date: March 2025.
• Location: India.

Mandates and Objectives:

1. Simplifying Trading Transactions
   • Users can now block funds directly in their bank accounts instead of transferring money to brokerage accounts.
   • Automatic payment deduction happens only when required for a trade.
   • Money continues to earn interest in the user’s bank account while remaining accessible for trading.
2. Built on NPCI’s Infrastructure
   • Paytm UPI’s new feature operates on the framework of the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI).
   • Payments are deducted automatically without requiring a UPI PIN at the time of trade execution.
3. User Benefits
   • Instant trade execution without pre-funding brokerage accounts.
   • Better capital management, as funds remain in the user’s bank account until needed.
   • Seamless tracking of trading transactions via the Paytm app.

Regulatory & Financial Developments:

• Paytm received a show cause notice from the Directorate of Enforcement (ED) over alleged Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA) violations involving ₹611 crore.
• The company is seeking legal counsel to resolve the issue.
• Paytm stock fell 3% to ₹704.30 on the BSE following the announcement.

Important Terms Explained:

• UPI Trading Blocks: A system that allows brokerage applications to block funds directly in user bank accounts, eliminating the need for manual fund transfers.
• National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI): The umbrella organization for UPI, RuPay, and other digital payment solutions in India.

Tabular Summary:

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4. By which date must Indian banks migrate to SWIFT’s ISO 20022 instant settlement system?
A) March 31, 2025
B) June 30, 2025
C) September 15, 2025
D) November 25, 2025
E) December 31, 2025
Answer: D) November 25, 2025

Event and Location:

• Event: Indian banks are in talks with SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) regarding the migration to ISO 20022, a new global standard for financial messaging.
• Deadline for Migration: November 25, 2025.

Mandates and Objectives:

1. ISO 20022 Migration and Compliance
   • ISO 20022 is a global standard for financial messaging, improving efficiency and security.
   • SWIFT has mandated all banks to fully transition by November 25, 2025.
   • Only four Indian banks have partially adopted ISO 20022, prompting industry-wide discussions on faster migration.
2. SWIFT’s Position on Migration
   • SWIFT urges expedited adoption to meet the deadline.
   • Penalties may be imposed on banks failing to comply after November 25, 2025.
   • Traditional MT (Message Type) payment instructions will no longer be supported after the deadline.
   • SWIFT is offering chargeable contingency measures for banks struggling to migrate on time.
3. Indian Banks’ Challenges & Possible Government Intervention
   • A bankers’ panel is assessing scaling up India’s Structured Financial Messaging System (SFMS) as an alternative.
   • SFMS, developed by RBI, is similar to SWIFT and may help ensure compliance.
   • Banks may seek government intervention if the transition proves difficult.
4. SWIFT’s CBPR+ Timeline & Impact
   • The Cross-Border Payments and Reporting Plus (CBPR+) initiative enforces the ISO 20022 transition.
   • It affects all financial institutions involved in cross-border payments.

Important Terms Explained:

• ISO 20022: A global standard for financial messaging that improves interoperability, data richness, and security in transactions.
• SWIFT: The Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication, an international network facilitating secure financial messaging and transactions.
• MT (Message Type) Payments: Traditional SWIFT messages used in interbank communication, set to be phased out after November 25, 2025.
• Structured Financial Messaging System (SFMS): A domestic financial messaging platform developed by RBI, providing secure banking transactions similar to SWIFT.

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs March 06

5. According to the IMF, which sector’s increasing exposure by NBFCs could pose systemic risks to India’s financial stability?
A) Agriculture and MSMEs
B) Power and Infrastructure
C) Healthcare and Pharmaceuticals
D) Real Estate and Housing Finance
E) IT and Technology
Answer: B) Power and Infrastructure

Event and Location:

• Event: The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has cautioned that Indian NBFCs’ rising exposure to power and infrastructure sectors could create systemic financial risks.
• Report: Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) Report.
• Date: March 2025.
• Location: India.

Mandates and Objectives:

1. Systemic Risks from NBFC Exposure
   • NBFCs have significantly increased their lending to power & infra sectors, while banks have reduced direct exposure.
   • If major NBFCs face financial distress, it could spread instability to:
     • Banks (which fund NBFCs).
     • Corporate bond markets.
     • Mutual funds investing in NBFCs.
   • IMF warns this could create a crisis similar to the 2016 banking sector NPA crisis.
2. Financial Stability Risks from Climate Change
   • Climate change-related risks in agriculture and power sectors could impact financial stability.
   • Short-term risks appear manageable, but long-term effects could intensify by 2040s and beyond.
3. Recommendations for Strengthening NBFC Regulations
   • Stronger systemic risk analysis and improved data sharing among regulators.
   • Introducing countercyclical capital buffers to help NBFCs withstand economic downturns.
   • Removing prudential exemptions for state-owned NBFCs to ensure compliance with liquidity norms.
4. RBI’s Efforts & IMF’s Recommendations
   • RBI has expanded oversight to cooperative banks and tightened prudential norms.
   • However, the IMF suggests:
     • Further strengthening regulatory authority over NBFCs.
     • Bolstering financial resolution frameworks, including better deposit insurance payouts.
     • Providing emergency liquidity support for NBFCs, given their increasing role in financing.
5. Strengthening Financial Resilience
   • Developing legal and tax frameworks for asset-based and digital lending.
   • Enhancing insolvency and bankruptcy laws to manage credit risks more effectively.
   • Encouraging private sector participation in financial markets to improve credit access.

Important Terms Explained:

• NBFC (Non-Banking Financial Company): A financial institution that provides loans and financial services without holding a banking license.
• Systemic Risk: The risk that financial instability in one sector (e.g., NBFCs) spreads to the entire economy, affecting banks, markets, and mutual funds.
• Countercyclical Capital Buffer: A regulatory capital requirement that banks & NBFCs must accumulate in good times to absorb losses in downturns.

Tabular Summary:

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Acquisitions and Mergers – Daily Current Affairs March 06

6. Which company has Mintoak acquired to enhance its CBDC-related payment solutions?
A) Paytm Payments Bank
B) Razorpay
C) Digiledge
D) BharatPe
E) Cashfree Payments
Answer: C) Digiledge

Event and Location:

• Event: Mintoak, a PayPal-backed Indian fintech startup, has acquired Digiledge, India’s first e-rupee services firm, for $3.5 million.
• Date: March 2025.
• Location: Mumbai, India.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Strengthening CBDC Payment Solutions
  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) launched a pilot for Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), or e-rupee, in December 2022.
  • In April 2024, the pilot was expanded to include payment firms, beyond just banks.
  • Mintoak’s acquisition of Digiledge aims to provide comprehensive CBDC payment solutions.
• Enhancing Services for Partner Banks
  • Mintoak works with HDFC Bank, Axis Bank, and SBI.
  • The acquisition will allow these banks to offer advanced CBDC-related services to their clients.
• CEO’s Statement on the Deal
  • Raman Khanduja, CEO of Mintoak, stated that the acquisition will:
    • Help merchant acquirers expand their offerings.
    • Enable small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to access digital financial services.
• CBDC Adoption in India
  • January 2025: Cred and MobiKwik became the first fintech platforms to enable CBDC payments.
  • Other players seeking to join the CBDC pilot:
    • Google Pay (Alphabet Inc.)
    • PhonePe (Walmart-backed)
    • Amazon Pay

Important Terms Explained:

• Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC): A digital version of fiat currency, issued and regulated by a central bank (RBI in India).
• Mintoak: A fintech startup backed by PayPal that provides merchant payment services to banks.
• Digiledge: India’s first e-rupee services firm, specializing in CBDC and bill payment solutions.

Tabular Summary:

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7. After acquiring SBI’s stake, what will be the ownership status of Jio Payments Bank?
A) Joint venture between SBI and Jio Financial Services
B) Fully owned by State Bank of India
C) Fully owned subsidiary of Jio Financial Services
D) Public-private partnership with government involvement
E) Majority owned by foreign investors
Answer: C) Fully owned subsidiary of Jio Financial Services

Event and Location:

• Event: Jio Financial Services (JFS) announced the acquisition of State Bank of India (SBI)’s stake in Jio Payments Bank (JPBL) for ₹104.5 crore.
• Date: March 4, 2025.
• Location: India.

Mandates and Objectives:

1. Acquisition Details
   • JFS purchased 7,90,80,000 equity shares of Jio Payments Bank (JPBL) from SBI.
   • The price per share was ₹13.22, totaling ₹104.5 crore.
   • Before the acquisition, JFS held 82.17% of JPBL’s paid-up equity capital, with SBI holding the rest.
   • Post-acquisition, JPBL will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Jio Financial Services.
2. Regulatory Approvals & Completion Timeline
   • The transaction requires Reserve Bank of India (RBI) approval.
   • Expected to be completed within 45 days after receiving regulatory clearance.
3. SBI’s Official Statement
   • SBI’s Executive Committee approved the divestment of its entire stake in JPBL.
   • SBI confirmed the transaction in an exchange notification, stating the sale is subject to regulatory approvals.
4. No Related Party Involvement
   • JFS clarified that no promoters, promoter groups, or affiliated companies have a direct or indirect interest in the acquisition.

Impact of the Acquisition:

• Jio Payments Bank will become a fully owned subsidiary of Jio Financial Services, consolidating its control over the payments banking sector.
• Strengthens Jio Financial’s position in the digital banking and fintech space.
• SBI’s exit from JPBL aligns with its strategic focus on core banking operations.

Important Terms Explained:

• Jio Payments Bank: A digital payments bank that provides small savings accounts, UPI payments, and digital banking solutions.
• Payments Bank: A type of bank licensed by RBI, allowing deposits up to ₹2 lakh, but cannot issue loans or credit cards.
• Jio Financial Services (JFS): The financial arm of Reliance Industries, focusing on fintech, digital banking, and NBFC services.

Tabular Summary:

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs March 06

8. Who has been appointed as the CEO of Government e Marketplace (GeM) effective March 3, 2025?
A) Sanjay Malhotra
B) Ajay Bhadoo
C) Rajesh Kumar Singh
D) Tapan Kumar Deka
E) Arvind Panagariya
Answer: B) Ajay Bhadoo

Event and Location:

• Event: Ajay Bhadoo appointed as CEO of Government e Marketplace (GeM).
• Date: March 3, 2025.
• Location: India.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Role of Ajay Bhadoo: He will oversee the transformation of GeM into a next-generation digital marketplace, improving accessibility for startups, small businesses, and government buyers.
• Government Procurement Efficiency: His leadership will focus on ensuring transparency, efficiency, and growth in government procurement through the GeM platform.

Professional Background:

• IAS Batch and Cadre: Ajay Bhadoo is a 1999-batch IAS officer from the Gujarat cadre with extensive experience in governance, urban infrastructure development, and policy implementation.
• Previous Key Roles: He has served as Deputy Election Commissioner at the Election Commission of India, Joint Secretary to former President Ram Nath Kovind, CEO of Gujarat Maritime Board, and Commissioner of Rajkot & Vadodara Municipal Corporations.

Educational Background:

• Academic Qualifications: He holds a degree in Civil Engineering and a Master’s in Business Law from the National Law School of India University, Bengaluru.

GeM Growth and Impact:

• Market Expansion: GeM has recorded a Gross Merchandise Value (GMV) of ₹4.58 lakh crore, reflecting a 28.65 percent year-on-year growth.
• Startup and Women Participation: Startups have fulfilled orders worth ₹35,950 crore, while women entrepreneurs make up 8 percent of the total seller base.

Strategic Transition of GeM:

• Digital Transformation: GeM is undergoing a major upgrade into a next-generation digital marketplace with Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), aiming to improve efficiency and ease of government procurement.

Important Terms Explained:

• Government e Marketplace (GeM): It is India’s largest digital platform for government procurement, ensuring transparency and efficiency in public procurement processes.
• Tata Consultancy Services (TCS): A leading Indian IT service provider responsible for upgrading GeM into an advanced digital marketplace.
• Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs): These small businesses benefit from government initiatives under GeM, helping them gain access to procurement opportunities.

Tabular Summary:

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9. Which departments will Dr. Ajit Ratnakar Joshi oversee as RBI’s Executive Director?
A) Banking Regulation and Financial Markets
B) Department of Economic and Policy Research & Monetary Policy Department
C) Department of Statistics and Information Management & Financial Stability Department
D) Foreign Exchange Department & Currency Management Department
E) Department of Payment and Settlement Systems & Risk Monitoring Department
Answer: C) Department of Statistics and Information Management & Financial Stability Department

Event and Location:

• Event: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) appointed Dr. Ajit Ratnakar Joshi as Executive Director (ED).
• Date: March 3, 2025.
• Location: Reserve Bank of India, Mumbai.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Appointment Details: Dr. Ajit Ratnakar Joshi took charge as Executive Director (ED) of
• RBI, overseeing:
  • Department of Statistics and Information Management (DSIM)
  • Financial Stability Department (FSD)

Significance of the Role:

• DSIM handles data analysis, economic indicators, and statistical research for monetary policy formulation.
• FSD focuses on risk assessment, financial stability reports, and systemic risk mitigation in the banking sector.

Professional Background of Dr. Ajit Ratnakar Joshi:

1. Previous Role:
   • Served as Principal Adviser in the Department of Statistics and Information Management.
   • Contributed to macroeconomic statistics, risk management, and data governance.
2. Expertise & Experience:
   • Over 30 years of experience in statistics, IT, and cyber risk management.
   • Actively participated in working groups on macroeconomic policy and financial stability.
   • Served as a faculty member at the Institute of Development and Research in Banking Technology (IDRBT), Hyderabad.
3. Academic Qualifications:
   • Master’s degree in Statistics from Nagpur University.
   • Ph.D. in Monetary Economics from IIT Madras.
   • Diploma in Development Policy and Planning from Institute of Economic Growth, Delhi.
   • Certified Associate of the Indian Institute of Banking and Finance (CAIIB).

Important Terms Explained:

• Department of Statistics and Information Management (DSIM):
  • The primary statistical research unit of RBI.
  • Supports monetary policy formulation and economic data analysis.
• Financial Stability Department (FSD):
  • Assesses risks to financial stability and systemic vulnerabilities in the banking sector.
  • Publishes the Financial Stability Report (FSR).
• Certified Associate of the Indian Institute of Banking and Finance (CAIIB):
  • A professional certification for banking and finance professionals, enhancing expertise in risk management and monetary policy.

Tabular Summary:

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs March 06

10. At which event was Dr. Suborno Bose honored with the ‘Lifetime Achievement in Hospitality and Education Through Technology’ award?
A) Global Hospitality Summit 2025
B) Vibrant Bharat Global Summit 2025
C) World Tourism Congress 2025
D) International AI in Hospitality Forum 2025
E) India Tourism Excellence Awards 2025
Answer: B) Vibrant Bharat Global Summit 2025

Event and Location:

• Event: Dr. Suborno Bose, Chairman of the International Institute of Hotel Management (IIHM), was honored for integrating AI and technology into hospitality education.
• Date: March 2025.
• Location: Vibrant Bharat Global Summit 2025.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Award:
  • Recognizes Dr. Suborno Bose’s contributions to advancing hospitality education through AI and digital technology.
  • Acknowledges IIHM’s leadership in AI-driven learning for the hospitality industry.

Key Highlights of Dr. Bose’s Achievements:

1. Award & Contributions:
   • Received the ‘Lifetime Achievement in Hospitality and Education Through Technology’ award.
   • Award presented by Union Tourism Minister Gajendra Shekhawat.
   • Recognized for his pioneering work in AI adoption for hospitality education.
2. Launch of Dr. Bose’s Book:
   • Title: Harmonizing Human Touch and AI in Tourism & Hospitality.
   • Focus:
     • AI’s impact on guest satisfaction, sustainability, and operational efficiency.
     • Topics include predictive maintenance, sentiment analysis, and zero-waste initiatives.
   • Union Minister Gajendra Shekhawat praised the book as a valuable research document.
3. IIHM’s AI Initiatives in Hospitality Education:
   • Global Knowledge Sharing Declaration: 
     • Signed by 50+ countries.
     • Promotes AI integration in hospitality education worldwide.
     • Focuses on inclusivity, human values, and sustainability.
   • Dr. Bose’s Perspective on AI: 
     • “AI is not artificial—it is Advanced Intelligence.”
4. Launch of ‘NamAIste IIHM HospitalityGPT’:
   • First AI-powered knowledge engine for the hospitality industry.
   • Built for students, faculty, and professionals.
   • Uses a customized Large Language Model (LLM) for hospitality-focused learning.
   • Chef Sanjeev Kapoor praised it as a specialized tool for hospitality professionals.

IIHM’s Role in Shaping the Future of Hospitality:

• Leading the integration of AI-driven education in hospitality.
• Bridging technology and human-centric hospitality services.
• Positioning India as a global leader in AI-integrated hospitality education.

Important Terms Explained:

• International Institute of Hotel Management (IIHM): A leading hospitality education institute specializing in AI-driven learning and global hospitality innovations.
• NamAIste IIHM HospitalityGPT: A generative AI-powered learning platform designed for hospitality students and professionals.

Tabular Summary:

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs March 06

11. Which organization conducted the high-altitude trial of the Integrated Life Support System (ILSS) for the Tejas aircraft?
A) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)
B) Indian Air Force (IAF)
C) Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
D) Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)
E) Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
Answer: C) Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)

Event and Location:

• Event: DRDO conducts a high-altitude trial of the Integrated Life Support System (ILSS) for Tejas aircraft.
• Date: March 2025.
• Location: Bengaluru, India.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Trial: The trial aimed to test the effectiveness of the On-Board Oxygen Generating System (OBOGS)-based ILSS, ensuring its functionality under extreme flight conditions.
• Implementation in Aircraft: The system was tested on the LCA-PV-3 aircraft and is being considered for future implementation in the MiG 29K and other fighter aircraft.

System Features:

• Technology Used: The ILSS is based on OBOGS technology, which generates and manages breathable oxygen for aircrew in real time.
• Elimination of Liquid Oxygen Cylinders: The system eliminates the need for traditional liquid oxygen cylinder-based systems, enhancing safety and operational efficiency.

Testing and Certification:

• Conducting Agency: The trial was conducted by DRDO’s Defence Bio-Engineering & Electro Medical Laboratory (DEBEL) in Bengaluru.
• Aircraft Used: The system was tested on LCA-PV-3, developed by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA).
• Altitude Testing: The ILSS was successfully tested under high-altitude conditions up to 50,000 feet to evaluate its performance.
• Certification: The Centre for Military Airworthiness & Certification (CEMILAC) granted flight clearance after ensuring compliance with stringent aero-medical standards.

Performance and Capabilities:

• Key Assessments: The ILSS was tested for oxygen concentration, demand breathing, and aerobatic manoeuvres at high altitudes.
• Results: The system met all specified functional requirements and performance parameters, proving its reliability for operational deployment.

Potential for Broader Implementation:

• Future Aircraft Integration: The ILSS can be adapted for use in the MiG 29K and other fighter aircraft.
• Indigenous Development: The system has been developed with 90% indigenous content, promoting self-reliance in defence technology.
• Manufacturing Partner: The system is being manufactured by Larsen & Toubro (L&T) as the development-cum-production partner.

Important Terms Explained:

• Integrated Life Support System (ILSS): A technology used in fighter aircraft to provide oxygen supply to pilots during high-altitude operations, ensuring flight safety and endurance.
• On-Board Oxygen Generating System (OBOGS): A system that eliminates the need for liquid oxygen cylinders by generating breathable oxygen in real-time for pilots.
• LCA Tejas: A lightweight, multirole fighter aircraft developed by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for the Indian Air Force.

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs March 06

12. Which Indian state has approved the Unified Pension Scheme (UPS) and a new Excise Policy for 2025?
A) Himachal Pradesh
B) Uttarakhand
C) Uttar Pradesh
D) Madhya Pradesh
E) Rajasthan
Answer: B) Uttarakhand

Event and Location:

• Event: Uttarakhand Cabinet approves the Unified Pension Scheme (UPS) and the New Excise Policy for 2025.
• Date: March 2025.
• Location: Uttarakhand, India.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective of Unified Pension Scheme: The scheme provides government employees under NPS with an assured pension post-retirement, ensuring financial security.
• Objective of Excise Policy 2025: The policy aims to regulate liquor sales, protect public sentiments, and increase state revenue.

Unified Pension Scheme (UPS):

• Scheme Approval: The UPS has been introduced as an optional scheme for government employees under the National Pension System (NPS).
• Financial Security: It ensures a stable pension payout post-retirement, reducing uncertainties for pensioners.
• Implementation Date: The scheme will come into effect from April 1, 2025.
• Alignment with Central Government: The scheme aligns with the national vision of providing pension security for all public sector workers.

Excise Policy 2025:

• Liquor Sale Restrictions: The policy prohibits liquor licenses near temples and religious places to respect cultural sentiments.
• Control Over Liquor Sales: Sub-shops and metro liquor sales have been abolished to curb unauthorized alcohol distribution.
• MRP Regulation Enforcement: If liquor shops overcharge beyond the Maximum Retail Price (MRP), their licenses will be canceled.

Excise Revenue Targets:

• 2023-24: Revenue of ₹4,038.69 crore (exceeding the ₹4,000 crore target).
• 2024-25: ₹4,000 crore collected so far (against the ₹4,439 crore target).
• 2025-26: Revenue target set at ₹5,060 crore.

Promotion of Literature and Culture:

• Financial Aid to Writers: The government has provided financial assistance to 45 writers to support literary contributions.
• Introduction of New Literary Awards: 21 new literary awards have been introduced along with the Uttarakhand Sahitya Bhushan award.
• Cultural Preservation: The initiative reflects the government’s commitment to preserving Uttarakhand’s literary and cultural heritage.

Important Terms Explained:

• Unified Pension Scheme (UPS): A pension scheme aimed at providing government employees under NPS with an assured pension post-retirement.
• National Pension System (NPS): A government-backed pension scheme offering retirement benefits to public and private sector employees.
• Maximum Retail Price (MRP): The highest price at which a product can be legally sold, ensuring consumer protection.

Tabular Summary:

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13. The Govindghat to Hemkund Sahib Ji and Sonprayag to Kedarnath Ropeway Projects have been approved under which government program?
A) Bharatmala Pariyojana
B) Sagarmala Programme
C) National Ropeways Development Programme – Parvatmala Pariyojana
D) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
E) Smart Cities Mission
Answer: C) National Ropeways Development Programme – Parvatmala Pariyojana

Event and Location:

• Event: The Government of India has approved the Govindghat to Hemkund Sahib Ji Ropeway Project and the Sonprayag to Kedarnath Ropeway Project under the National Ropeways Development Programme – Parvatmala Pariyojana.
• Date: March 2025.
• Location: Uttarakhand, India.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Both ropeway projects aim to provide all-weather, last-mile connectivity to major pilgrimage sites in Uttarakhand, enhancing accessibility, promoting tourism, and generating employment.

Govindghat to Hemkund Sahib Ji Ropeway Project:

• Approval & Cost: Sanctioned by Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) with an estimated ₹2,730.13 crore investment.
• Development Mode: Implemented under the Design, Build, Finance, Operate, and Transfer (DBFOT) model in a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) framework.
• Technology Used: Monocable Detachable Gondola (MDG) – 10.55 km (Govindghat to Ghangaria) and Tricable Detachable Gondola (3S) – 1.85 km (Ghangaria to Hemkund Sahib Ji).
• Passenger Capacity: Designed to transport 1,100 passengers per hour per direction (PPHPD), facilitating 11,000 passengers per day.
• Current Travel Challenge: The journey currently involves a 21 km steep uphill trek, making accessibility difficult.
• Tourism Impact: Enhances access to Hemkund Sahib Ji and Valley of Flowers, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
• Environmental Benefit: Reduces reliance on ponies and foot traffic, lowering carbon footprint.

Sonprayag to Kedarnath Ropeway Project:

• Approval & Cost: Sanctioned by CCEA with an estimated ₹4,081.28 crore investment.
• Development Mode: Implemented under DBFOT model in a PPP framework.
• Technology Used: Tri-Cable Detachable Gondola (3S), an advanced ropeway system ensuring stability in extreme conditions.
• Passenger Capacity: Designed to transport 1,800 passengers per hour per direction (PPHPD), facilitating 18,000 passengers per day.
• Travel Time Reduction: Cuts journey time from 8-9 hours to just 36 minutes.
• Current Travel Challenge: The journey involves a 16 km steep uphill trek from Gaurikund, which is exhausting for pilgrims.
• Tourism Impact: Improves access to Kedarnath Dham, one of the 12 Jyotirlingas, attracting 20 lakh pilgrims annually.
• Environmental Benefit: Reduces reliance on ponies, palanquins, and helicopters, contributing to eco-friendly pilgrimage travel.

About the Pilgrimage Sites:

• Hemkund Sahib Ji: A high-altitude Sikh pilgrimage site located at 15,000 feet in Chamoli district, Uttarakhand. The Gurudwara remains open from May to September, attracting 1.5 to 2 lakh pilgrims annually.
• Kedarnath Temple: One of the 12 Jyotirlingas, situated at an altitude of 3,583 meters (11,968 ft) in Rudraprayag district, Uttarakhand. The temple is open for 6-7 months (April-May to October-November) and sees a footfall of 20 lakh pilgrims annually.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Ropeways Development Programme – Parvatmala Pariyojana: A government initiative aimed at improving ropeway connectivity in hilly regions to enhance accessibility and tourism.
• Design, Build, Finance, Operate, and Transfer (DBFOT) Model: A PPP-based infrastructure model where private companies finance, build, operate, and later transfer the project back to the government.
• Tri-Cable Detachable Gondola (3S): An advanced ropeway technology offering high passenger capacity and stable operations in steep, high-altitude areas.

Tabular Summary:

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14. Which two locations have been selected for the expansion of the Cheetah Reintroduction Project in India?
A) Ranthambore National Park & Sariska Tiger Reserve
B) Banni Grasslands & Gandhisagar Sanctuary
C) Jim Corbett National Park & Kaziranga National Park
D) Panna Tiger Reserve & Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary
E) Gir National Park & Sundarbans National Park
Answer: B) Banni Grasslands & Gandhisagar Sanctuary

Event and Location:

• Event: The Government of India has announced the expansion of the Cheetah Reintroduction Project beyond Kuno National Park, Madhya Pradesh, to Banni Grasslands in Gujarat and Gandhisagar Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh.
• Date: March 2025.
• Location: Gujarat & Madhya Pradesh, India.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Project Background: Cheetahs were declared extinct in India in 1952 due to habitat loss and excessive hunting. In 2022, the Government of India launched the world’s first intercontinental translocation of big cats, introducing African cheetahs into India.
• Objective of Expansion: The inclusion of Banni Grasslands and Gandhisagar Sanctuary aims to establish additional habitats, ensuring long-term survival, genetic diversity, and ecosystem balance for the reintroduced cheetahs.

Cheetah Reintroduction at Kuno National Park:

• First Batch: 8 cheetahs arrived from Namibia in September 2022.
• Second Batch: 12 cheetahs were brought from South Africa in February 2023.
• Mortality Rate: 7 adult cheetahs died due to health issues like septicemia.
• Reproduction Success: 17 cubs were born, of which 12 survived.

New Cheetah Habitats Identified:

1. Banni Grasslands, Gujarat
   • Location: Kutch district, Gujarat.
   • Area: 2,500 sq km of protected grassland.
   • Key Features: 
     • One of the largest tropical grasslands in Asia.
     • Home to Banni buffalo, Kankrej cattle, camels, and over 250 bird species.
     • Semi-arid landscape resembling African savannas, making it ideal for cheetahs.
2. Gandhisagar Sanctuary, Madhya Pradesh
   • Location: Mandsaur & Neemuch districts, Madhya Pradesh.
   • Key Features: 
     • Surrounds Gandhisagar Dam backwaters, offering ample prey base.
     • Home to wild dogs (dholes), chinkaras, leopards, otters, and crocodiles.
     • Dry, semi-arid terrain similar to cheetah-friendly landscapes in Africa.

Scientific & Conservation Significance:

• Enhancing Biodiversity: Cheetahs regulate prey populations, contributing to ecological balance.
• Strengthening Genetic Diversity: Expanding cheetah habitats reduces the risk of inbreeding.
• Restoring Historic Cheetah Population: Part of India’s plan to introduce 50 cheetahs over five years.

Challenges and Future Prospects:

1. Mortality and Health Issues:
   • The death of seven cheetahs in Kuno highlights the need for better veterinary care and habitat monitoring.
2. Human-Wildlife Conflict:
   • Cheetahs require large open spaces with minimal human disturbance.
   • Community engagement is essential to reduce human-cheetah conflicts.
3. Habitat Adaptation:
   • Banni Grasslands and Gandhisagar Sanctuary differ from Kuno’s environment.
   • Successful adaptation depends on prey availability, territorial adjustments, and disease control.

Important Terms Explained:

• Cheetah Reintroduction Project: A conservation initiative to bring back cheetahs to India through intercontinental translocation.
• Banni Grasslands: One of Asia’s largest tropical grasslands, located in Gujarat, known for its biodiversity.
• Gandhisagar Sanctuary: A protected wildlife reserve in Madhya Pradesh, offering suitable conditions for cheetah survival.

Tabular Summary:

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15. Which wildlife conservation project has received ₹2,900 crore for the long-term protection of Asiatic lions in Gujarat?
A) Project Cheetah
B) Project Lion
C) Project Elephant
D) Project Tiger
E) Project Snow Leopard
Answer: B) Project Lion

Event and Location:

• Event: Prime Minister Narendra Modi chaired the seventh National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) meeting at Sasan, Junagadh, Gujarat, where he announced the 16th Asiatic Lion Population Estimation and several key conservation initiatives.
• Date: March 2025.
• Location: Sasan, Junagadh, Gujarat.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective of Population Estimation: The 16th Asiatic Lion Population Estimation, scheduled for May 2024, aims to assess lion population trends, habitat conditions, and conservation challenges in Gujarat.
• Conservation Focus: PM Modi highlighted the steady rise in the Asiatic lion population, emphasizing the role of tribal communities and women in preserving lion habitats.

Key Announcements:

1. National Referral Centre for Wildlife – Junagadh
   • To be established over 20.24 hectares in New Pipalya, Junagadh.
   • Aims to monitor wildlife health, manage diseases, and conduct conservation research.
2. Centre of Excellence for Human-Wildlife Conflict Management – Coimbatore
   • To be set up at SACON, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.
   • Focuses on scientific solutions for mitigating human-wildlife conflicts and implementing sustainable co-existence strategies.
3. Book on River Dolphins
   • PM Modi unveiled a book highlighting river dolphin conservation, emphasizing the importance of protecting aquatic biodiversity.

National Board for Wildlife (NBWL):

• Statutory advisory body for wildlife conservation policies.
• Chairperson: PM Narendra Modi.
• Vice-Chairperson: Bhupender Yadav, Union Minister of Environment, Forest & Climate Change.
• Includes state representatives, wildlife experts, NGOs, and the Chief of Army Staff.

Project Lion – ₹2,900 Crore Conservation Initiative:

• Approved by the central government to protect and expand Asiatic lion populations.
• Focuses on habitat improvement, disease prevention, and wildlife corridor development.

Current Status of Asiatic Lions in Gujarat:

• Found across 30,000 sq km in 53 talukas of 9 districts.
• Greater Gir region remains the primary habitat, supported by multiple conservation projects.

Strengthening Conservation Infrastructure in Gir:

1. Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for Railways
   • Implemented to prevent lion fatalities on railway tracks in collaboration with Indian Railways.
2. High-Tech Wildlife Monitoring Centre – Sasan, Gir
   • Uses advanced tracking technology to monitor lions and other wildlife species.
3. Advanced Wildlife Hospital – Sasan, Gir
   • Established to enhance medical care, rescue operations, and rehabilitation of injured wildlife.

Important Terms Explained:

• Asiatic Lion Population Estimation: A periodic survey to track the population growth, habitat conditions, and health of Asiatic lions in Gujarat.
• Project Lion: A government initiative dedicated to protecting and expanding Asiatic lion habitats, ensuring their long-term survival.
• National Board for Wildlife (NBWL): The apex advisory body for wildlife conservation policies in India.

Tabular Summary:

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16. Which region is the focus of the second edition of Vividhta Ka Amrit Mahotsav?
A) North-East India
B) South India
C) Western India
D) Central India
E) Union Territories
Answer: B) South India

Event and Location:

• Event: President Droupadi Murmu inaugurated the second edition of Vividhta Ka Amrit Mahotsav at Rashtrapati Bhavan.
• Date: March 5, 2025.
• Location: Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Festival: The event celebrates India’s cultural diversity through multiple regional editions, providing a platform for artisans, performers, writers, and culinary experts to showcase their talent.
• Theme of the Second Edition: The 2025 edition focuses on South India, featuring the states of Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh, along with the Union Territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry.

Key Attractions of Vividhta Ka Amrit Mahotsav:

1. Cultural Showcasing:
   • Handicrafts and handloom exhibitions featuring traditional South Indian textiles.
   • Performances highlighting classical and folk art forms from the region.
   • Literary discussions exploring the history and traditions of South India.
   • Food courts offering authentic regional delicacies.
2. Participation & Economic Empowerment:
   • Around 500 artisans and weavers are participating in the event.
   • The festival encourages public interaction with artists and cultural experts.
   • Aims to boost morale and provide economic support for local craftsmen.

Structure of the Mahotsav:

• The festival is divided into seven editions, each focusing on a different region of India:
  1. North-East India
  2. South India (Current Edition)
  3. North India
  4. East India
  5. West India
  6. Central India
  7. Union Territories

Event Details:

• Public Dates: March 6 – March 9, 2025
• Timings: 10 AM – 8 PM
• Venue: Rashtrapati Bhavan (Entry through Gate No. 35)
• Online Booking: visit.rashtrapatibhavan.gov.in

Important Terms Explained:

• Vividhta Ka Amrit Mahotsav: A cultural festival celebrating India’s regional heritage, providing artisans with a national platform.
• Handloom & Handicrafts Exhibition: A showcase of traditional weaving and handicraft skills from different Indian states.

Tabular Summary:

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17. At which global event did Union Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia showcase India’s telecom advancements in 2025?
A) World Economic Forum 2025
B) Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2025
C) G20 Digital Summit 2025
D) BRICS Technology Summit 2025
E) UN Digital Governance Forum 2025
Answer: B) Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2025

Event and Location:

• Event: Union Minister for Communications Shri Jyotiraditya M. Scindia led India’s delegation at the Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2025 in Barcelona, Spain.
• Date: March 2025.
• Location: Barcelona, Spain.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of India’s Participation:
  • To showcase India’s rapid telecom advancements, including 5G expansion, lowest data tariffs, indigenous telecom infrastructure, and cybersecurity measures.
  • To strengthen global collaborations and foster investments in India’s telecom sector.

Key Highlights of India’s Participation at MWC 2025:

1. Minister’s Engagements & Key Sessions:
   • Addressed discussions on:
     • “Global Tech Governance: Rising to the Challenge.”
     • “Balancing Innovation & Regulation: Global Perspectives on Telecom Policy.”
   • Highlighted India’s four-step approach to telecom development:
     • Spectrum management
     • Market stability
     • Telecom regulatory reforms
     • Cybersecurity measures for consumer protection
2. India’s Telecom Achievements Showcased:
   • India has the world’s fastest 5G rollout and lowest data tariffs.
   • Displayed India’s indigenous 4G/5G technology stack, emphasizing telecom self-reliance.
   • Showcased Aadhaar and BharatNet as successful digital inclusion initiatives.
   • Reinforced India’s commitment to sustainable, inclusive, and trustworthy tech governance.
3. Unveiling of India Mobile Congress 2025 & Bharat Pavilion:
   • Shri Scindia unveiled the curtain-raiser for India Mobile Congress 2025.
   • Inaugurated the Bharat Pavilion, featuring:
     • 38 Indian telecom equipment manufacturers showcasing innovative telecom products.
     • Supported by Telecom Equipment & Services Export Promotion Council (TEPC) and the Department of Telecommunications (DoT).
4. Launch of Indigenous Tech at MWC 2025:
   • Inaugurated VVDN’s AI-based Wi-Fi 7, an indigenous telecom innovation.
   • Explored emerging technologies at booths of Meta, Google Cloud, and other global tech giants.
5. Strategic Industry Engagements:
   • Engaged with global telecom leaders, including:
     • Qualcomm, Cisco, Mavenir, Ericsson, Nokia, AMD, AT&T, Airtel, BSNL, CDOT, TEPC.
   • Hosted a CEO dinner meeting to foster international collaborations.
   • Held bilateral talks with the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to strengthen telecom partnerships.

MWC 2025: India’s Role & Global Impact:

• MWC 2025 Theme: “Converge. Connect. Create.”
• Hosted over 101,000 attendees from 200+ countries.
• Featured 2,700+ exhibitors and 1,200+ speakers.
• Focused on 5G, AI, IoT, digital transformation, and future connectivity.
• India played a key role in shaping global telecom policies, investments, and digital innovation.

Important Terms Explained:

• Mobile World Congress (MWC): The world’s largest telecom event, bringing together industry leaders, policymakers, and tech innovators.
• Bharat Pavilion: A dedicated exhibition showcasing India’s telecom advancements, equipment manufacturers, and government-backed digital initiatives.
• VVDN’s AI-based Wi-Fi 7: A next-generation wireless networking technology developed in India, supporting high-speed internet and AI integration.

Tabular Summary:

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18. As per PM Modi, how many first-time women, SC, and ST entrepreneurs will receive loans of up to ₹2 crore?
A) 2 lakh
B) 3 lakh
C) 5 lakh
D) 7 lakh
E) 10 lakh
Answer: C) 5 lakh

Event and Location:

• Event: Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed a post-Budget webinar focused on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs).
• Date: March 2025.
• Location: New Delhi, India.

Mandates and Objectives:

1. Enhancing Credit Access for MSMEs
   • PM Modi emphasized the need for new credit delivery models to provide timely and low-cost financing to over six crore MSMEs.
   • 5 lakh first-time women, SC, and ST entrepreneurs will be given loans of up to ₹2 crore.
2. Need for Mentorship Programs
   • MSMEs require not just financial assistance, but also guidance.
   • PM Modi urged industries to set up mentorship programs to support MSMEs.
3. Global Economic Opportunities for India
   • The global economic and political environment is uncertain, making India a key growth center.
   • Countries worldwide are seeking stronger economic partnerships with India.

Impact of Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme:

• Introduced for 14 sectors, leading to: 
  • Investment of ₹1.5 lakh crore.
  • Total production worth ₹13 lakh crore.

Ease of Doing Business Reforms:

• 40,000+ compliances removed at central and state levels.
• Created a favorable environment for manufacturing and exports.

Call for Strengthening Manufacturing & Exports:

• PM Modi highlighted that India’s manufacturing sector must capitalize on increased global demand.

Important Terms Explained:

• Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme: A government initiative providing financial incentives to manufacturers to boost domestic production and exports.
• Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs): Businesses classified based on investment and turnover criteria, playing a crucial role in India’s economy.

Tabular Summary:

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19. By what percentage did credit monitoring by women in India increase in 2024?
A) 25%
B) 32%
C) 42%
D) 50%
E) 60%
Answer: C) 42%

Event and Location:

• Event: A report by TransUnion CIBIL, NITI Aayog’s Women Entrepreneurship Platform (WEP), and MicroSave Consulting (MSC) highlights a 42% increase in credit monitoring by women in 2024.
• Date: March 2025.
• Location: India.

Mandates and Objectives:

1. Increase in Credit Monitoring by Women
   • 27 million women borrowers were actively monitoring their credit in December 2024, compared to 19 million in December 2023 (42% increase).
   • Growth primarily seen among semi-urban and rural borrowers and women under 30 years of age.
2. Increase in Women Borrowers & Loan Growth
   • Women availing credit grew at a CAGR of 22% from 2019 to 2024.
   • 60% of new women borrowers came from semi-urban and rural areas.
3. Credit Utilization by Women in 2024
   • Consumption loans remain the most preferred loan type among women.
   • 36% of women held active consumption loans in December 2024 (up from 33% in December 2019).
   • Agricultural and gold loans were held by 34% of women borrowers in December 2024 (up from 32% in 2019).
4. Rise in Business Loans for Women
   • The number of new business loan accounts opened by women increased by 37 lakh in 2024.
   • Total business loan disbursement in 2024: ₹1.9 lakh crore (compared to ₹0.7 lakh crore in 2019).
   • Women holding live business loans in December 2024: 16% (up from 9% in 2019).
   • However, business loans still constituted only 3% of the total loans availed by women borrowers.

Important Terms Explained:

• Credit Monitoring: The process of tracking credit score and borrowing behavior, crucial for improving financial discipline and loan eligibility.
• Consumption Loans: Loans taken for personal expenses, including credit card loans, personal loans, and consumer durable loans.
• TransUnion CIBIL: A credit bureau that maintains records of individuals’ and businesses’ credit history.
• Women Entrepreneurship Platform (WEP): An initiative by NITI Aayog to support women-led businesses and financial inclusion.

Tabular Summary:

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