Daily Current Affairs September 29

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September 29 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs September 29

1. What is the theme of World Heart Day 2025 as observed by WHO South-East Asia Region?
A) Use Heart for Every Heart
B) Heart to Heart
C) Don’t Miss a Beat
D) Beat Cardiovascular Deaths
E) One Heart, One Goal
Answer: C) Don’t Miss a Beat

Event and Location:

• Event: World Heart Day 2025 observed with renewed regional commitment
• Location: WHO South-East Asia Region
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Observance of World Heart Day with the theme “Don’t Miss a Beat” and review of progress under the SEAHEARTS resolution.
• Objectives:
  • To accelerate the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), reduce premature deaths, promote healthy lifestyles, and strengthen primary healthcare systems.

Important Terms Explained:

• World Heart Day:
  • An annual global event observed on September 29 to raise awareness about cardiovascular health and promote heart-friendly habits.
• SEAHEARTS Resolution:
  • A regional initiative by WHO South-East Asia Region to place 100 million people with hypertension/diabetes under protocol-based care by 2025, and eliminate trans-fatty acids from the food chain.
• MPOWER:
  • A WHO package of six evidence-based tobacco control measures, including Monitoring, Protecting, Offering help, Warning, Enforcing bans, and Raising taxes.

Tabular Summary:

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs September 29

2. Who scored the match-winning unbeaten 69* in the Asia Cup 2025 final between India and Pakistan?
A) Suryakumar Yadav
B) Tilak Varma
C) Abhishek Sharma
D) Shivam Dube
E) Rinku Singh
Answer: B) Tilak Varma

Event and Location:

• Event: India wins Asia Cup 2025 final against Pakistan
• Location: Dubai International Cricket Stadium, UAE
• Date: September 28, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • India defeated Pakistan by five wickets in the final of the Asia Cup 2025, with Tilak Varma scoring an unbeaten 69 runs.
• Objectives:
  • To secure India’s ninth Asia Cup title and reinforce its dominance in Asian cricket, despite political tensions surrounding the post-match ceremony.

Important Terms Explained:

• Asia Cup: A regional cricket championship organized by the Asian Cricket Council (ACC), featuring teams from Asia and acting as a platform for major rivalries like India vs Pakistan.
• Tilak Varma: A young Indian cricketer who scored a match-winning 69* in the final, anchoring the innings after a top-order collapse.
• Asian Cricket Council (ACC): The governing body for cricket in Asia, chaired in 2025 by Mohsin Naqvi, who is also the Pakistan Interior Minister.

Tabular Summary:

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3. Where did India win its 7th SAFF U-17 Football Championship title after defeating Bangladesh in a penalty shootout?
A) Kathmandu
B) Colombo
C) Dhaka
D) Thimphu
E) Male
Answer: B) Colombo

Event and Location:

• Event: India wins 7th SAFF U-17 Football Championship title
• Location: Colombo, Sri Lanka (Racecourse International Stadium)
• Date: September 28, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • India defeated Bangladesh 4-1 in a penalty shootout after a 2-2 draw at full time to win the 7th SAFF Under-17 Championship.
• Objectives:
  • To assert youth football dominance in South Asia and develop competitive match exposure for the U-17 team.

Important Terms Explained:

• SAFF U-17 Championship:
  • A biennial football tournament organized by the South Asian Football Federation (SAFF) for under-17 national teams from South Asia.
• Penalty Shootout:
  • A method used in knockout football matches to determine a winner when the match ends in a draw after regular time.
• Racecourse International Stadium:
  • A prominent football venue in Colombo, Sri Lanka, known for hosting regional and international tournaments.

Tabular Summary:

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs September 29

4. Which two institutions have partnered under the RBI’s co-lending model to offer gold loans to underserved customers in rural India?
A) SBI and Muthoot Finance
B) HDFC Bank and Manappuram Finance
C) Axis Bank and Bajaj Finance
D) ICICI Bank and Shriram Finance
E) Bank of Baroda and IIFL Finance
Answer: E) Bank of Baroda and IIFL Finance

Event and Location:

• Event: Co-lending partnership between Bank of Baroda and IIFL Finance for gold loans
• Location: Semi-urban and rural India
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Bank of Baroda and IIFL Finance have entered into a co-lending partnership under RBI guidelines to disburse gold loans targeting underserved customers.
• Objectives: The aim is to provide faster, easier, and affordable credit for agricultural and allied activities in semi-urban and rural regions.

Important Terms Explained:

• Co-lending Model: A framework by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) that enables banks and NBFCs to co-originate loans, combining the reach of NBFCs with the lower cost of funds from banks.
• Gold Loans: Secured loans issued against pledged gold ornaments or jewelry, commonly used in rural and agricultural settings for quick liquidity.
• Joint Underwriting: A process where both entities (bank and NBFC) assess and share the credit risk of the borrower under a mutual agreement.

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs September 29

5. What is the current sovereign rating of India retained by Moody’s in September 2025?
A) Ba1 Positive
B) Baa3 Stable
C) A3 Negative
D) Baa2 Positive
E) BBB- Stable
Answer: B) Baa3 Stable

Event and Location:

• Event: Moody’s affirms India’s sovereign rating at Baa3 with a Stable outlook
• Location: New Delhi (Global coverage by Moody’s)
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Moody’s Ratings has retained India’s long-term local and foreign currency issuer ratings at Baa3 and reaffirmed the short-term local currency rating at P-3.
• Objectives: To reflect India’s robust economic growth, sound external position, and stable financing base, while acknowledging persistent fiscal weaknesses and debt affordability issues.

Important Terms Explained:

• Baa3 Rating (Moody’s): The lowest investment grade rating assigned by Moody’s; it reflects moderate credit risk but indicates adequate capacity to meet financial commitments.
• P-3 Rating: Moody’s short-term rating that indicates acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations; considered investment grade.
• Credit Outlook (Stable): A stable outlook implies the rating is unlikely to change in the near future unless significant economic shifts occur.
• Issuer Rating vs. Bond Ceiling: Issuer ratings reflect the government’s overall creditworthiness, while bond ceilings define the maximum rating possible for bonds issued in local/foreign currencies.

Tabular Summary:

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6. Which company has agreed to acquire five Indonesian subsidiaries from Reliance Power for $12 million?
A) Adaro Energy
B) Reliance Natural Resources Ltd
C) Biotruster (Singapore) Pte Ltd
D) PT PLN Indonesia
E) NTPC Asia Ventures
Answer: C) Biotruster (Singapore) Pte Ltd

Event and Location:

• Event: Reliance Power to sell 100% stake in five Indonesian subsidiaries
• Location: Indonesia (subsidiaries) | Singapore (buyer) | India (parent company)
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Reliance Power Ltd has signed an agreement to divest its entire equity in five Indonesian coal-based subsidiaries to Biotruster (Singapore) Pte Ltd for $12 million.
• Objectives: To monetize non-contributing overseas assets and streamline the company’s business structure by disposing of low-value, non-performing subsidiaries.

Important Terms Explained:

• Step-down Subsidiaries: These are subsidiaries of a subsidiary; in this case, Indonesian companies indirectly held by Reliance Power through entities in the Netherlands and Singapore.
• Related-Party Transaction: A deal between two parties that have a pre-existing relationship; Reliance Power confirmed this sale does not qualify as a related-party transaction.
• Scheme of Arrangement: A court-approved agreement between a company and its shareholders or creditors; Reliance Power clarified this transaction is not part of any such scheme.

Tabular Summary:

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7. What was the year-on-year growth rate of India’s Index of Industrial Production (IIP) in August 2025?
A) 3.5%
B) 4.0%
C) 4.8%
D) 5.2%
E) 6.0%
Answer: B) 4.0%

Event and Location:

• Event: India’s Index of Industrial Production (IIP) records 4.0% growth in August 2025
• Location: All India
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released the Quick Estimate of Index of Industrial Production (IIP) for August 2025, showing 4.0% year-on-year growth.
• Objectives:
  • To measure the monthly performance of the mining, manufacturing, and electricity sectors, and assess the health of India’s industrial economy.

Important Terms Explained:

• Index of Industrial Production (IIP):
  • A composite indicator that measures the short-term changes in the volume of production of a basket of industrial products during a given period.
• Quick Estimates:
  • Preliminary data released for the latest month, compiled from industry sources and subject to revision in future releases.
• Use-based Classification:
  • Categorization of industries into Primary Goods, Capital Goods, Intermediate Goods, Infrastructure/Construction Goods, Consumer Durables, and Consumer Non-Durables to analyze industrial performance more precisely.

Tabular Summary:

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs September 29

8. Who has been elected as the new Chairman of the Federation of All India Tea Traders’ Association (FAITTA)?
A) Ramesh Chauhan
B) Vidisha Desai
C) Paras Desai
D) Sanjay Kedia
E) Rajiv Dubey
Answer: C) Paras Desai

Event and Location:

• Event: Paras Desai elected Chairman of FAITTA
• Location: Ahmedabad, India (National-level impact)
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Paras Desai, Executive Director of Wagh Bakri Tea Group, has been elected as Chairman of the Federation of All India Tea Traders’ Association (FAITTA).
• Objectives: To strengthen the tea industry by addressing evolving consumer preferences and challenges like climate change, and by engaging with stakeholders, government, and regulators for collaborative industry development.

Important Terms Explained:

• FAITTA: The Federation of All India Tea Traders’ Association is the apex national body representing tea traders, aiming to protect and promote the interests of the tea trading community across India.
• Wagh Bakri Tea Group: A leading Indian tea brand known for its strong market presence and quality, founded over a century ago and currently led by the fourth generation of the founding family.
• Tea Taster: A professional skilled in evaluating the quality, flavor, aroma, and grade of tea; an essential role in maintaining product consistency and brand value in the tea industry.

Tabular Summary:

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9. Who has been appointed as the new Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of India starting October 2025?
A) M Rajeshwar Rao
B) Poonam Gupta
C) Shirish Chandra Murmu
D) Swaminathan J
E) T Rabi Sankar
Answer: C) Shirish Chandra Murmu

Event and Location:

• Event: Appointment of new RBI Deputy Governor
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Shirish Chandra Murmu has been appointed as Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) for a term of three years, effective from October 9, 2025.
• Objectives: To oversee critical supervisory and regulatory functions of the RBI, replacing outgoing Deputy Governor M Rajeshwar Rao, whose term concludes on October 8.

Important Terms Explained:

• Deputy Governor of RBI: A top executive position in the Reserve Bank of India, with four such positions mandated under the RBI Act, 1934, responsible for key departments such as supervision, monetary policy, regulation, and currency management.
• Department of Supervision: A critical wing of the RBI responsible for monitoring and supervising banks and NBFCs to ensure financial stability and compliance with regulatory norms.
• RBI Act, 1934: The legislative framework that governs the functioning of the Reserve Bank of India, including provisions related to its structure, powers, and responsibilities.

Tabular Summary:

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10. Who has been appointed as the brand ambassador for the 28th ITTF-ATTU Asian Table Tennis Championships 2025?
A) Manika Batra
B) Sathiyan Gnanasekaran
C) Sharath Kamal
D) Harmeet Desai
E) Neha Aggarwal
Answer: C) Sharath Kamal

Event and Location:

• Event: Sharath Kamal appointed brand ambassador for Asian Table Tennis Championships 2025
• Location: Bhubaneswar, Odisha
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: A. Sharath Kamal, India’s legendary table tennis player, has been announced as the brand ambassador for the 28th ITTF-ATTU Asian Table Tennis Championships (ATTC).
• Objectives: To promote the prestigious continental tournament and raise awareness of the event as a key qualification pathway for the 2026 World Teams Table Tennis Championships in London.

Important Terms Explained:

• ITTF-ATTU Asian Table Tennis Championships (ATTC): A continental championship governed by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) and Asian Table Tennis Union (ATTU), featuring the best teams in Asia and acting as a qualifier for the World Championships.
• Brand Ambassador: A prominent personality chosen to promote a sporting or social event; in this case, Sharath Kamal will enhance visibility and outreach for the tournament.
• World Teams Table Tennis Championships: A global event conducted by ITTF where national teams compete at the international level; the 2026 edition will be held in London.

Tabular Summary:

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs September 29

11. Which two initiatives were honoured with the 31st M.S. Swaminathan Award for Environmental Protection 2025?
A) Greenpeace India and TERI
B) Sahaja Samrudha and Veerappan
C) M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation and ISRO
D) NCF and WWF-India
E) Wild Trust and BNHS
Answer: B) Sahaja Samrudha and Veerappan

Event and Location:

• Event: 31st Dr. M.S. Swaminathan Award for Environmental Protection 2025
• Location: Chennai, Tamil Nadu
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Rotary Club of Madras East (RCME) honoured two environmental initiatives—Sahaja Samrudha and Veerappan—with the M.S. Swaminathan Award for Environmental Protection during the scientist’s 100th birth centenary celebrations.
• Objectives: To recognize efforts in biodiversity conservation, traditional farming preservation, and marine ecosystem protection, and to raise awareness about grassroots environmental work.

Important Terms Explained:

• Sahaja Samrudha: A Mysuru-based people’s movement focused on preserving traditional farming practices and conserving indigenous crop biodiversity, especially paddy and millets.
• Veerappan (Irular Fisherman): A 60-year-old environmental activist from Kalaignar Nagar, Cuddalore, recognized for mud crab propagation, marine training programs, and contributions to coastal environmental sustainability.
• Dr. M.S. Swaminathan Award: Instituted by the Rotary Club of Madras East, supported by CavinKare, this award honours impactful individual or organizational contributions to environmental protection in India.

Tabular Summary:

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12. Which authority received the ICI UltraTech Award for implementing an innovative Thin White Topping road design in Koramangala?
A) BBMP
B) BDA
C) Greater Bengaluru Authority (GBA)
D) Karnataka PWD
E) Urban Development Authority
Answer: C) Greater Bengaluru Authority (GBA)

Event and Location:

• Event: GBA conferred with ICI UltraTech Award for innovative road design
• Location: Bengaluru, Karnataka (Koramangala area)
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Greater Bengaluru Authority (GBA) was awarded the Indian Concrete Institute (ICI) UltraTech Award for pioneering the use of Thin White Topping (TWT) road design with reduced thickness in Koramangala.
• Objectives: To lower construction costs, improve civic usability, address issues like stormwater drainage, and avoid road elevation problems while maintaining durability and accessibility.

Important Terms Explained:

• Thin White Topping (TWT): A concrete resurfacing technique where a thin concrete layer (in this case, 125 mm) is laid over existing roads. It is an alternative to the conventional 180 mm white topping, offering cost and height advantages.
• ICI UltraTech Award: An award presented by the Indian Concrete Institute, in association with UltraTech Cement, recognizing innovation and excellence in concrete technology and infrastructure.
• Koramangala Roads Project: The awarded project included 1.1 km on 1st Cross Empire Road and 1.17 km on 7th Cross Road, designed with 125 mm TWT for efficient traffic handling and local access.

Tabular Summary:

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs September 29

13. According to a recent MBAUniverse survey, what percentage of Indian B-school faculty are expert users of AI?
A) 18%
B) 10%
C) 51%
D) 55%
E) 7%
Answer: E) 7%

Event and Location:

• Event: Survey on AI adoption in Indian B-Schools released at Indian Management Conclave 2025
• Location: Nationwide (released at IMC 2025, New Delhi)
• Date: September 28, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: A national survey conducted by MBAUniverse.com among 235 faculty from India’s top B-schools assessed the adoption and impact of Generative AI in business education.
• Objectives: To evaluate faculty proficiency in AI, understand its perceived impact on student learning, and identify the opportunities and challenges in AI integration across teaching, research, and curriculum design.

Important Terms Explained:

• Generative AI: A type of artificial intelligence capable of generating content such as text, images, code, or data, widely used in educational settings for teaching and research support.
• Capacity-Building Programs: Structured training initiatives aimed at enhancing the skillset of faculty members in AI use, particularly to transform teaching, curriculum development, and administrative processes.
• Indian Management Conclave (IMC): An annual leadership summit and knowledge-sharing platform for management educators and policymakers, focused on innovation and excellence in Indian business education.

Tabular Summary:

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs September 29

14. Which South Korean company has partnered with Swan Defence and Heavy Industries to enter India’s shipbuilding sector?
A) Hyundai Heavy Industries
B) Daewoo Shipbuilding
C) Samsung Heavy Industries
D) Hanwha Ocean
E) POSCO Marine Engineering
Answer: C) Samsung Heavy Industries

Event and Location:

• Event: Samsung Heavy Industries enters Indian shipbuilding sector via partnership with Swan Defence
• Location: Gujarat, India (with global collaboration from South Korea)
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Samsung Heavy Industries has announced a partnership with Swan Defence and Heavy Industries (SDHI) to collaborate on shipbuilding, engineering, procurement, and project management.
• Objectives: The partnership aims to strengthen India’s domestic shipbuilding industry, align with India’s maritime growth goals, and leverage Korea’s shipbuilding expertise to support local capabilities and infrastructure.

Important Terms Explained:

• Samsung Heavy Industries (SHI): A leading South Korean shipbuilder known for building complex vessels like LNG carriers and offshore platforms, now expanding into India’s shipbuilding sector.
• Swan Defence and Heavy Industries (SDHI): India’s largest private shipyard, holding 30% of the national shipbuilding capacity and operating the country’s largest dry dock.
• Maritime Development Fund: A proposed $3 billion fund announced in India’s 2025 budget to support long-term financing of shipbuilding, ship repair, and maritime infrastructure projects.

Tabular Summary:

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Schemes – Daily Current Affairs September 29

15. Which state government is planning a scheme with Kerala Bank to ensure timely paddy procurement payments to farmers?
A) Tamil Nadu
B) West Bengal
C) Kerala
D) Punjab
E) Odisha
Answer: C) Kerala

Event and Location:

• Event: Kerala government plans scheme with Kerala Bank for timely paddy procurement payments
• Location: Kerala (announced in Kerala Assembly, Thiruvananthapuram)
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Kerala government, in coordination with Kerala Bank, will formulate a scheme from the next procurement year to ensure prompt disbursement of paddy procurement prices to farmers.
• Objectives: To address the delays in payments caused by the late release of funds from the Central government, and to prevent financial stress among paddy farmers during procurement seasons.

Important Terms Explained:

• Kerala Bank: A state cooperative bank formed by amalgamating 13 district cooperative banks with the Kerala State Cooperative Bank; now functions as a unified financial institution for the state’s cooperative banking needs.
• Procurement Price: The price at which the government purchases crops like paddy from farmers; includes the support price fixed by the Centre and any incentive bonus provided by the State.
• Supplyco (Kerala State Civil Supplies Corporation): The nodal agency responsible for the procurement and distribution of essential commodities including paddy in Kerala.

Tabular Summary:

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16. Which campaign encourages citizens to plant a tree in their mother’s name, recently launched in Anantapur?
A) Green India Mission
B) Jal Shakti Abhiyan
C) Ek Ped Maa ke Naam
D) Mission Vriksha
E) NaMo Green Bharat
Answer: C) Ek Ped Maa ke Naam

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of ‘Ek Ped Maa ke Naam’ plantation campaign
• Location: Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh
• Date: September 28, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Union Health Minister Satya Kumar Yadav launched the ‘Ek Ped Maa ke Naam’ initiative under the national NaMo Vanam campaign at Chiranjeevi Reddy College in Anantapur.
• Objectives: To promote environmental protection and social responsibility by encouraging citizens to plant a tree in their mother’s name, symbolising nurturing, care, and sustainability.

Important Terms Explained:

• Ek Ped Maa ke Naam: A nationwide green campaign under NaMo Vanam, encouraging citizens to plant trees in honor of their mothers, blending environmental and emotional awareness.
• NaMo Vanam Campaign: A central government-led afforestation and environmental initiative associated with Prime Minister Narendra Modi, focusing on mass plantation drives and ecological consciousness.
• Tree Plantation Drives: Activities that involve planting trees in public and institutional spaces, often linked with community participation, biodiversity, and environmental resilience.

Tabular Summary:

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17. Which of the following was a featured nutritional item in the Poshan Thali demonstration held during Poshan Maah in Damoh, Madhya Pradesh?
A) Ragi Idli
B) Bajra Khichdi
C) Moringa Paratha
D) Wheat Daliya
E) Amaranth Ladoo
Answer: C) Moringa Paratha

Event and Location:

• Event: Poshan Maah 2025 nutrition awareness and health sessions
• Location: Barwani and Damoh districts, Madhya Pradesh
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Nutrition awareness sessions, deworming drives, Albendazole tablet distribution, Poshan Thali demonstrations, and health counselling activities were organized.
• Objectives:
  • To promote community nutrition, emphasize male engagement in child development, and improve health practices during the first 1000 golden days of a child’s life.

Important Terms Explained:

• Poshan Maah:
  • A month-long nationwide nutrition campaign organized under POSHAN Abhiyaan every September to raise awareness about health, nutrition, and well-being.
• 1000 Golden Days:
  • The critical window from conception to a child’s second birthday — essential for cognitive and physical development.
• Take Home Ration (THR):
  • Supplementary nutrition provided to pregnant women, lactating mothers, and children under 6 years through Anganwadis to improve nutritional outcomes.

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs September 29

18. What is the primary focus of the Tamil Nadu Global Startup Summit 2025 scheduled in Coimbatore?
A) Export promotion for textile industries
B) Empowering entrepreneurs through mentorship and resources
C) Launching a new GST framework
D) Promoting agriculture startups only
E) Disbursing student scholarships
Answer: B) Empowering entrepreneurs through mentorship and resources

Event and Location:

• Event: Tamil Nadu Global Startup Summit 2025
• Location: Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
• Date: October 9–10, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Tamil Nadu Global Startup Summit, organised by StartupTN, will be held in Coimbatore as a two-day conclave inaugurated by CM MK Stalin.
• Objectives: To empower entrepreneurs with mentorship, resources, and networking, aiming to position Tamil Nadu among the top 20 global start-up destinations by 2032.

Important Terms Explained:

• StartupTN: A government initiative aimed at fostering a vibrant startup ecosystem in Tamil Nadu through funding, mentorship, and policy support.
• Starify Initiative: A platform to showcase and support 50 student-led startups, encouraging innovation and early-stage entrepreneurship.
• Venture Capital (VC) Investment Commitment: The summit will include ₹100 crore commitment from VCs and angel investors to fund promising startups based on a pitch review process.

Tabular Summary:

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19. What is the name of the upcoming system being developed in India to remotely monitor marine fishing operations?
A) e-Fish Tracker
B) Digital Marine Observer
C) e-Observer System
D) SmartCatch Monitor
E) OceanEye Tech
Answer: C) e-Observer System

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of India’s e-Observer system for remote monitoring of fishing
• Location: Nationwide implementation (announced virtually from Kochi)
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Union Ministry of Fisheries is developing an e-Observer system for remote monitoring and recording of marine fish catches, starting with longline vessels.
• Objectives: To generate accurate scientific data for stock assessment, support compliance with IOTC guidelines, enhance fishery management, and improve India’s global market access by reducing non-tariff barriers.

Important Terms Explained:

• e-Observer System: A remote electronic monitoring system being developed by the Fishery Survey of India (FSI) under the Ministry of Fisheries to record marine fish catch operations, initially on longline vessels.
• Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC): A regional fisheries management organization responsible for managing tuna and tuna-like species in the Indian Ocean.
• Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY): A flagship fisheries scheme launched to boost production, infrastructure, and sustainability in India’s fisheries sector, under which ~36,000 vessels are now equipped with real-time transponders.

Tabular Summary:

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20. From which date has the Indian government proposed mandatory installation of AVAS in all existing electric vehicle models?
A) January 1, 2026
B) April 1, 2027
C) October 1, 2027
D) March 31, 2026
E) July 1, 2028
Answer: C) October 1, 2027

Event and Location:

• Event: Government proposes mandatory AVAS for all electric vehicles
• Location: New Delhi (Nationwide impact)
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) has issued a draft notification proposing that all new electric vehicles be fitted with Acoustic Vehicle Alerting Systems (AVAS) from October 1, 2026, and existing models from October 1, 2027.
• Objectives: To enhance road safety by ensuring pedestrians and other road users can audibly detect the presence of silent electric vehicles, especially at low speeds.

Important Terms Explained:

• Acoustic Vehicle Alerting System (AVAS): A safety system that emits artificial sounds from electric vehicles to warn pedestrians and other road users of their presence. It is especially important because EVs operate silently at low speeds.
• Category M Vehicles: Motor vehicles with at least four wheels, used for passenger transport, such as electric cars and buses.
• Category N Vehicles: Motor vehicles used for goods transport, including electric trucks and goods carriers.
• AIS-173 Standard: The Automotive Industry Standard in India that specifies technical requirements for AVAS audibility levels, in alignment with global norms.

Tabular Summary:

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21. Which two railway lines are being developed to enhance India-Bhutan connectivity under a ₹4,033 crore project?
A) Guwahati-Paro and Siliguri-Thimphu
B) Kokrajhar-Gelephu and Banarhat-Samtse
C) Dibrugarh-Punakha and Jalpaiguri-Wangdue
D) Kolkata-Thimphu and Patna-Paro
E) Tezpur-Samtse and Banarhat-Punakha
Answer: B) Kokrajhar-Gelephu and Banarhat-Samtse

Event and Location:

• Event: Announcement of two India-Bhutan railway links
• Location: New Delhi (projects in Assam and West Bengal)
• Date: September 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Government of India has announced two new cross-border railway links—Kokrajhar-Gelephu and Banarhat-Samtse—totaling 89 km, to be developed at a cost of ₹4,033 crore.
• Objectives: To enhance connectivity, trade, tourism, and economic integration between India and Bhutan, while supporting Bhutan’s infrastructure under its 13th Five-Year Plan (2024–2029).

Important Terms Explained:

• Kokrajhar-Gelephu Rail Link: A cross-border railway line between Assam (India) and Gelephu (Bhutan), to be developed over four years, including six stations and multiple bridges and underpasses.
• Banarhat-Samtse Rail Link: A rail line connecting West Bengal (India) and Samtse (Bhutan), to be developed in three years, with a simpler structure of two stations and major flyovers.
• Developmental Assistance to Bhutan: India has pledged ₹10,000 crore for Bhutan’s 13th Five-Year Plan, doubling previous support, covering transport infrastructure, hydropower, and trade enhancement.
• Vande Bharat Trains: India’s flagship semi-high-speed train, to be introduced on these cross-border lines, ensuring modern and efficient rail transit.

Tabular Summary:

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22. What is the total value of investment commitments received during World Food India 2025?
A) ₹25,760 crore
B) ₹64,000 crore
C) ₹1.02 lakh crore
D) ₹1,02,046.89 crore
E) ₹40,000 crore
Answer: D) ₹1,02,046.89 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: World Food India 2025 attracts ₹1.02 lakh crore in investment commitments
• Location: Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi
• Date: September 28, 2025 (event held from Sept 25–28)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) hosted the World Food India 2025 summit, during which 26 domestic and international companies signed MoUs worth over ₹1.02 lakh crore to invest in India’s food processing sector.
• Objectives: To promote India as a global hub for food processing, boost employment, support local value chains, and strengthen international collaboration in agribusiness and food technology.

Important Terms Explained:

• MoUs (Memoranda of Understanding): Non-binding agreements outlining the intent to invest or collaborate, often serving as the initial step toward formal partnerships.
• Greenfield Projects: Investments in new, undeveloped infrastructure or facilities—starting from scratch.
• Brownfield Projects: Expansion or modification of existing infrastructure, often requiring renovation or upgrade.
• Invest India: The national investment promotion agency of India, which supports ministries in attracting and facilitating foreign and domestic investments.

Tabular Summary:

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23. What major outcome emerged from the T-CHIP Semicon Constitution Summit 2025 held in Hyderabad?
A) Launch of India’s first chip fabrication unit
B) Drafting of India’s Semiconductor Export Policy
C) Creation of the Semiconductor Constitution and signing of 18 MoUs
D) Establishment of a new Ministry of Semiconductors
E) India joining the Global Semicon Alliance
Answer: C) Creation of the Semiconductor Constitution and signing of 18 MoUs

Event and Location:

• Event: T-CHIP Semicon Constitution Summit 2025 concludes with strategic MoUs and roadmap
• Location: Hyderabad, Telangana
• Date: September 28, 2025 (Held on Sept 27–28)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The T-CHIP Semicon Constitution Summit 2025 brought together global semiconductor leaders, Indian policymakers, academia, and industry to draft the first-ever “Semiconductor Constitution”, a framework focused on talent, design, manufacturing, and applications.
• Objectives: To build a holistic, sustainable semiconductor ecosystem in India starting from Telangana and extending globally, while integrating chip design and semiconductor education into higher education.

Important Terms Explained:

• Semiconductor Constitution: A foundational framework introduced at the summit to guide India’s semiconductor growth across four pillars—Talent, Design, Manufacturing, and Applications.
• T-CHIP: Telangana’s flagship initiative aimed at fostering semiconductor innovation through partnerships between industry, government, and academia.
• MoUs with Universities: 18 Memoranda of Understanding were signed with colleges and universities across Telangana to incorporate semiconductor education and research labs into curricula and training.

Tabular Summary:

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24. Which organization has developed online portals to fully digitise NSS activities in Kerala schools?
A) SCERT Kerala
B) KITE (Kerala Infrastructure and Technology for Education)
C) NIC Kerala
D) IT@School
E) DIET Kerala
Answer: B) KITE (Kerala Infrastructure and Technology for Education)

Event and Location:

• Event: KITE develops online portals to digitise NSS activities in Kerala
• Location: Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
• Date: September 28, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: KITE, the technology arm of Kerala’s General Education Department, has launched dedicated online portals to digitise all National Service Scheme (NSS) activities in Higher Secondary (HS) and Vocational Higher Secondary (VHSE) schools from the 2025–26 academic year.
• Objectives: To streamline administrative processes, reduce manual record-keeping, and enhance transparency and efficiency in the management and evaluation of NSS units involving over 2 lakh students.

Important Terms Explained:

• KITE (Kerala Infrastructure and Technology for Education): The official technology wing of Kerala’s General Education Department, responsible for implementing digital platforms in education, including IT@School and Little KITES programs.
• NSS (National Service Scheme): A government-sponsored public service program for students, promoting community service, leadership, and social responsibility.
• Digital Registers & Camp Management: The online portals replace manual registers with digital formats, allowing instant attendance, financial documentation, and evaluation of NSS unit activities at both district and State levels.

Tabular Summary:

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25. Which institution launched the International Trade Negotiations Program for Department of Commerce officials in September 2025?
A) NITI Aayog
B) Indian Institute of Foreign Trade
C) FICCI
D) IIM Ahmedabad
E) Directorate General of Foreign Trade
Answer: B) Indian Institute of Foreign Trade

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of International Trade Negotiations Program for Commerce Ministry Officials
• Location: Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT), India
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • IIFT has launched a specialized training program aimed at officials from the Department of Commerce to enhance their negotiation capabilities in trade discussions.
• Objectives:
  • To build institutional capacity and equip government officials with the knowledge and tools required for effective participation in bilateral and multilateral trade negotiations, thereby strengthening India’s global trade positioning.

Important Terms Explained:

• International Trade Negotiations Program:
  • A capacity-building initiative by IIFT to train Commerce Ministry officials in the technical and strategic aspects of global trade negotiations.
• Centre for International Negotiations (CIN):
  • A division under IIFT responsible for developing and delivering training modules related to global trade, FTAs, and economic diplomacy.
• FTA (Free Trade Agreement):
  • An agreement between two or more countries to reduce or eliminate trade barriers, such as tariffs and quotas, to encourage economic cooperation. India–UK FTA and CETA were cited as landmark FTAs during the program.

Tabular Summary:

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Over All Review

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