Daily Current Affairs October 27

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October 27 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs October 27

1. When is the World Day for Audiovisual Heritage observed every year?
A) 25 October
B) 27 October
C) 1 November
D) 26 October
E) 31 October
Answer: B) 27 October

Event and Location:

• Event: World Day for Audiovisual Heritage 2025 observed to promote preservation of audiovisual archives
• Location: Globally (UNESCO Member States)
• Date: 27 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The World Day for Audiovisual Heritage (WDAH) is celebrated annually on 27 October, established by UNESCO to promote the importance of preserving audiovisual materials as part of the world’s documentary heritage.
• Objectives: To raise awareness about the vulnerability of audiovisual archives, promote digitization and access, and encourage international cooperation in protecting cultural memory.

Important Terms Explained:

• World Day for Audiovisual Heritage (WDAH): A UNESCO-designated observance created to emphasize the need to safeguard films, recordings, broadcasts, and digital content that form part of the world’s collective documentary heritage.
• Digitizing our shared UNESCO history: A 2025 initiative to preserve UNESCO’s internal audiovisual archives, ensuring digital access to records documenting decades of field work, declarations, and global initiatives.
• 2015 Recommendation on Documentary Heritage: A UNESCO framework that encourages Member States to preserve documentary heritage—including digital formats—through laws, policies, digitization, and public accessibility.

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2. What is the theme of Vigilance Awareness Week 2025 observed across India?
A) Say No to Corruption
B) Integrity – A Way of Life
C) Vigilance – Our Shared Responsibility
D) Transparency in Action
E) Ethics and Integrity in Governance
Answer: C) Vigilance – Our Shared Responsibility

Event and Location:

• Event: Vigilance Awareness Week 2025 begins to promote ethics, integrity, and anti-corruption efforts
• Location: Nationwide (India)
• Date: October 27 to November 2, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) is observing Vigilance Awareness Week 2025 from 27 October, with the theme “Vigilance – Our Shared Responsibility”, to spread awareness about ethical governance and public accountability.
• Objectives: To foster a culture of integrity and transparency across public institutions, promote citizen participation in anti-corruption initiatives, and reinforce Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s legacy of unity and ethical public service.

Important Terms Explained:

• Vigilance Awareness Week (VAW): An annual observance coordinated by the CVC, held during the last week of October to promote ethics and anti-corruption awareness, aligned with Sardar Patel’s birth anniversary.
• Central Vigilance Commission (CVC): An apex Indian government body created under the CVC Act, 2003, tasked with overseeing vigilance administration, advising on corruption prevention, and investigating complaints against public officials.
• Rashtriya Ekta Diwas: Observed on 31 October to commemorate Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s birth, celebrating national unity and his contributions to building an integrated India.

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs October 27

3. What is the name of the new regional football tournament launched by FIFA at the 47th ASEAN Summit in 2025?
A) FIFA Asia Unity Cup
B) ASEAN Football Trophy
C) FIFA ASEAN Cup
D) Southeast Asian Nations Cup
E) FIFA Unity League
Answer: C) FIFA ASEAN Cup

Event and Location:

• Event: FIFA launches ASEAN Cup to strengthen Southeast Asian football
• Location: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (47th ASEAN Summit)
• Date: October 27, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: FIFA has announced the FIFA ASEAN Cup, a new regional football tournament for all 11 ASEAN nations, to promote football development in Southeast Asia. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between FIFA and ASEAN leaders to formalize collaboration.
• Objectives: To enhance football competitiveness, promote grassroots development, strengthen regional unity through sport, and offer pathways to global tournaments like the FIFA World Cup and AFC Asian Cup.

Important Terms Explained:

• FIFA ASEAN Cup: A newly announced regional football competition, modeled on the FIFA Arab Cup, involving national teams of all 11 ASEAN countries and aimed at elevating the standard of Southeast Asian football.
• ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations): A regional intergovernmental body of 11 countries in Southeast Asia focused on political, economic, and cultural integration.
• AFF (ASEAN Football Federation): The governing body for football in Southeast Asia, affiliated with the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) and now partnering with FIFA on this initiative.

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Obituary – Daily Current Affairs October 27

4. Which Padma Shri awardee and pioneer in burn care passed away at the age of 91 in October 2025?
A) Dr. Indira Hinduja
B) Dr. K. Mathangi Ramakrishnan
C) Dr. M. S. Ramachandran
D) Dr. N. R. Madhava Menon
E) Dr. V. Shanta
Answer: B) Dr. K. Mathangi Ramakrishnan

Event and Location:

• Event: Eminent plastic surgeon Dr. K. Mathangi Ramakrishnan passes away at 91
• Location: Chennai, Tamil Nadu
• Date: October 27, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Dr. K. Mathangi Ramakrishnan, a Padma Shri awardee and pioneer in burn care and plastic surgery, passed away at the age of 91. She was the founder of the first government-run burns unit in South India at Government Kilpauk Medical College (KMC), Chennai.
• Objectives: To honour her clinical innovations, lifelong dedication to public healthcare, and mentorship in medical science, particularly in burn wound management and reconstructive surgery.

Important Terms Explained:

• Padma Shri: India’s fourth-highest civilian award, given for distinguished service in various fields including medicine. Dr. Mathangi received it in 2002.
• Collagen Membrane for Burn Wound Cover: A bio-medical innovation developed in collaboration with CLRI, offering an affordable and effective solution for treating burn injuries in India.
• Avvaiyar Award: A Tamil Nadu state-level civilian award, conferred to women achievers for contributions in social and public spheres. Dr. Mathangi received it in 2014 for pediatric burn care.

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Ranking – Daily Current Affairs October 27

5. According to AQI data for 2025, which Indian city was ranked the cleanest in terms of air quality?
A) Mumbai
B) Nashik
C) Pune
D) Bhopal
E) Bhilai
Answer: C) Pune

Event and Location:

• Event: List of cleanest Indian cities by Air Quality Index (AQI) released for 2025
• Location: Across India (Top rankings include Pune, Mumbai, Nashik)
• Date: October 27, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The AQI rankings for Indian cities in 2025 highlight regions maintaining the cleanest air, with Pune topping the list, followed by Mumbai and Nashik.
• Objectives: To inform the public about air quality trends, promote environmental awareness, encourage policy actions, and celebrate cities achieving lower pollution levels for better public health.

List of the Cleanest Cities in India (2025):

Important Terms Explained:

• AQI (Air Quality Index): A standardized index that indicates air pollution levels by measuring major pollutants like PM2.5, PM10, NO₂, and CO. Lower scores (0–50) indicate “Good” air, while higher scores indicate unhealthy levels.
• PM2.5 and PM10: Fine particulate matter suspended in the air. PM2.5 particles are smaller than 2.5 microns and can enter the lungs, posing serious health risks.
• Satisfactory Air Quality: AQI between 51–100 is considered Satisfactory, meaning air quality is acceptable, though there may be some health concerns for a few sensitive individuals.

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs October 27

6. What is the central theme of the HaRBInger 2025 Global Hackathon launched by RBI?
A) Fintech Revolution
B) Smart Banking for All
C) Digital Currency for Inclusion
D) Secure Banking: Powered by Identity, Integrity, and Inclusivity
E) RegTech and Compliance
Answer: D) Secure Banking: Powered by Identity, Integrity, and Inclusivity

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI launches HaRBInger 2025 Global Hackathon to promote identity-driven and inclusive banking innovation
• Location: India (Global participation enabled via digital platform)
• Date: October 23, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) launched the HaRBInger 2025 – Innovation for Transformation, inviting global innovators to develop secure and inclusive fintech solutions based on identity and trust.
• Objectives: To promote technology-driven solutions that safeguard customer identity, foster trust in digital finance, and enable inclusive banking, especially in underserved or digitally excluded areas.

Important Terms Explained:

• HaRBInger (Hackathon for RBI Innovation Generation): RBI’s flagship innovation challenge series launched in 2021 to encourage fintech innovation in areas like regtech, digital payments, and inclusive finance.
• Tokenized KYC: A privacy-focused KYC mechanism using tokenization techniques to ensure data security, reduce fraud risk, and improve regulatory compliance in digital onboarding.
• Offline CBDC: Solutions enabling the use of Central Bank Digital Currency without internet connectivity—critical for financial inclusion in remote areas and ensuring resilience in digital payments infrastructure.

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs October 27

7. What is the name of the newly launched ₹855 crore AI joint venture between Reliance and Meta?
A) Reliance AI India Ltd
B) Jio AI Solutions
C) Meta Reliance Tech Pvt Ltd
D) Reliance Enterprise Intelligence Limited
E) Bharat AI Ventures
Answer: D) Reliance Enterprise Intelligence Limited

Event and Location:

• Event: Reliance and Meta launch ₹855 crore joint venture for enterprise AI solutions
• Location: India (with global market reach)
• Date: October 27, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Reliance Industries and Meta have jointly established Reliance Enterprise Intelligence Limited (REIL) with an initial investment of ₹855 crore, focusing on developing scalable, enterprise-grade AI products.
• Objectives: To boost India’s AI infrastructure, support the Digital India and Atmanirbhar Bharat initiatives, and offer AI-driven automation, analytics, and customer solutions tailored for Indian and global enterprise markets.

Important Terms Explained:

• REIL (Reliance Enterprise Intelligence Limited): A new AI-focused entity launched by Reliance Industries and Meta, dedicated to building advanced enterprise AI platforms for sectors like retail, finance, and healthcare.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat: A flagship government initiative aimed at promoting self-reliance across key sectors, including digital technology, manufacturing, and innovation.
• Generative AI: A class of artificial intelligence models capable of generating text, images, or data, increasingly used in enterprise solutions like chatbots, document generation, and content creation.

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs October 27

8. Who has been recommended to become the 53rd Chief Justice of India following the retirement of CJI Bhushan R Gavai?
A) Justice Sanjay Kishan Kaul
B) Justice Surya Kant
C) Justice D Y Chandrachud
D) Justice U U Lalit
E) Justice Hima Kohli
Answer: B) Justice Surya Kant

Event and Location:

• Event: Justice Surya Kant recommended as the 53rd Chief Justice of India
• Location: Supreme Court of India, New Delhi
• Date: October 23, 2025 (recommendation); November 23, 2025 (expected appointment)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Justice Surya Kant has been recommended by outgoing CJI Bhushan R Gavai to become the next Chief Justice of India upon his retirement on 23 November 2025.
• Objectives: To ensure continuity in the judiciary, uphold the convention of seniority-based succession, and strengthen judicial leadership focused on access to justice, digital reforms, and case backlog reduction.

Important Terms Explained:

• Chief Justice of India (CJI): The highest-ranking judge in the Supreme Court of India, responsible for administrative and judicial leadership of the Indian judiciary.
• Judicial Convention: A tradition followed in India where the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court is recommended by the outgoing CJI as the next CJI, ensuring institutional continuity.
• Operation Sindoor: A recent national anti-insurgency operation acknowledged by Justice Surya Kant, showcasing his alignment with national security and constitutional governance.

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs October 27

9. Who was awarded the posthumous Vigyan Ratna in the Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar 2025 for contributions to Physics?
A) Dr. Yusuf Mohammad Seikh
B) Prof. Jayant Vishnu Narlikar
C) Dr. K. Thangaraj
D) Prof. Mahan Mj
E) Prof. Surhud Shrikant More
Answer: B) Prof. Jayant Vishnu Narlikar

Event and Location:

• Event: Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar 2025 winners announced to honour scientific excellence
• Location: India
• Date: October 26, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar 2025 was announced by the Government of India to honour outstanding contributions across 13 scientific disciplines through four award categories.
• Objectives: To promote a culture of innovation and scientific research, recognise lifetime achievements, encourage young talent, and celebrate team-based scientific excellence in India.

Important Terms Explained:

• Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar: India’s highest civilian science award, instituted to honour excellence in science, technology, and innovation across various disciplines.
• Vigyan Ratna: Awarded for lifetime achievements in scientific research; the highest honour in this category.
• CSIR Aroma Mission: A Council of Scientific and Industrial Research initiative to boost cultivation of aromatic crops and improve the livelihood of farmers through agri-based innovation.

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs October 27

10. What is the recorded top speed achieved by China’s newly unveiled CR450 high-speed bullet train during testing?
A) 420 km/h
B) 431 km/h
C) 453 km/h
D) 400 km/h
E) 445 km/h
Answer: C) 453 km/h

Event and Location:

• Event: China unveils CR450, the world’s fastest bullet train with a record speed of 453 km/h
• Location: China (Shanghai–Chengdu corridor)
• Date: October 26, 2025 (announced)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: China’s CR450 bullet train reached a record testing speed of 453 km/h, making it the fastest high-speed passenger train globally, with planned commercial operations by 2026.
• Objectives: To lead in global high-speed rail innovation, reduce intercity travel time, boost energy efficiency, and reinforce China’s position as a technological leader in rail transport and infrastructure exports.

Important Terms Explained:

• CR450: China’s next-generation high-speed bullet train designed for commercial speeds of 400 km/h, with a tested top speed of 453 km/h—currently the fastest in the world.
• China State Railway Group: The state-owned rail operator and developer of the CR450, responsible for managing China’s vast high-speed rail network.
• Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): China’s global infrastructure and connectivity strategy promoting economic integration through investments in transport, energy, and digital networks—including railway technology exports.

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs October 27

11. Which Indian Navy ship completed the 18th joint hydrographic survey with Mauritius in October 2025?
A) INS Shardul
B) INS Teg
C) INS Sutlej
D) INS Kolkata
E) INS Trikand
Answer: C) INS Sutlej

Event and Location:

• Event: INS Sutlej completes 18th joint hydrographic survey with Mauritius
• Location: Mauritius Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and surrounding maritime region
• Date: October 26, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Indian Navy’s hydrographic vessel INS Sutlej conducted a joint hydrographic survey mission with Mauritius Hydrographic Service, covering 35,000 square nautical miles, training local personnel, and conducting joint EEZ and anti-piracy patrols.
• Objectives: To enhance navigation safety, build hydrographic capacity in Mauritius, contribute to marine resource planning, and bolster maritime security cooperation under the MAHASAGAR framework.

Important Terms Explained:

• INS Sutlej: A hydrographic survey vessel of the Indian Navy equipped with advanced sonar and mapping systems used for seabed mapping and coastal charting.
• MAHASAGAR: Stands for Mutual and Holistic Advancement for Security and Growth Across the Regions; India’s regional maritime cooperation vision aimed at security and development in the Indian Ocean Region, building on the earlier SAGAR initiative.
• Hydrographic Survey: A scientific process involving the measurement and description of the physical features of oceans, seas, and coastal areas, essential for safe navigation, coastal management, and marine planning.

Tabular Summary:

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12. Which country became the first non-NATO nation to participate in Spain’s Ocean Sky 2025 air combat exercise?
A) Japan
B) Israel
C) India
D) Australia
E) South Korea
Answer: C) India

Event and Location:

• Event: India joins Spain’s Ocean Sky 2025 air combat drill as the first non-NATO participant
• Location: Gando Air Base, Canary Islands, Spain
• Date: October 20–31, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Indian Air Force (IAF) has participated in Exercise Ocean Sky 2025, hosted by the Spanish Air Force, marking India as the first non-NATO country to be invited to this elite multinational air combat exercise.
• Objectives: To enhance operational readiness, strengthen defence diplomacy with NATO members, build interoperability with allied air forces, and expose IAF personnel to advanced aerial combat tactics and coalition warfare frameworks.

Important Terms Explained:

• Ocean Sky Exercise: An annual air combat exercise hosted by Spain, involving NATO nations, focused on high-intensity air-to-air combat, joint mission planning, and real-time tactical training.
• C-295 Aircraft: A tactical transport aircraft used for logistics, troop movement, and disaster response, jointly procured by India from Airbus Spain under a USD 2.5 billion deal involving Make in India production.
• Interoperability: The ability of military forces from different nations to work seamlessly in joint operations, essential for coalition missions, peacekeeping, and disaster response scenarios.

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs October 27

13. Which country will host the APAC Accident Investigation Group (APAC-AIG) meeting and workshop for the first time in 2025?
A) Japan
B) Thailand
C) Singapore
D) India
E) South Korea
Answer: D) India

Event and Location:

• Event: India to host the first APAC Accident Investigation Group (APAC-AIG) meeting and workshop
• Location: India
• Date: October 28–31, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) under the Ministry of Civil Aviation will organize the APAC-AIG meeting and a technical workshop involving ICAO member states and global aviation safety experts.
• Objectives: The goal is to enhance cooperation in aircraft accident investigations, improve investigative capabilities, and promote knowledge-sharing and use of advanced technologies in aviation safety.

Important Terms Explained:

• APAC-AIG: The Asia Pacific Accident Investigation Group is a regional platform under the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for collaboration on aircraft accident investigation across the Asia-Pacific region.
• AAIB: The Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau is an agency under the Ministry of Civil Aviation (India) responsible for investigating aircraft accidents and improving aviation safety standards.
• ICAO: The International Civil Aviation Organization is a UN specialized agency that establishes global aviation standards and fosters safe, secure air transport across member states.

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14. Which country officially became the 11th member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in October 2025?
A) Papua New Guinea
B) Bhutan
C) Sri Lanka
D) East Timor
E) Maldives
Answer: D) East Timor

Event and Location:

• Event: East Timor becomes 11th member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
• Location: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (ASEAN Summit)
• Date: October 26, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: East Timor was formally admitted as the 11th member of ASEAN during the ASEAN Summit in Kuala Lumpur, after a 14-year-long membership process.
• Objectives: To integrate East Timor into the Southeast Asian political and economic community, affirm ASEAN’s commitment to regional inclusivity, and open avenues for development, diplomacy, and cooperation for Asia’s youngest democracy.

Important Terms Explained:

• ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations): A regional intergovernmental organization of Southeast Asian nations that promotes political and economic cooperation and regional stability.
• East Timor (Timor-Leste): A Southeast Asian nation that gained independence in 2002 and has now become the 11th ASEAN member after years of diplomatic efforts and democratic consolidation.
• Jose Ramos-Horta: President of East Timor and a Nobel Peace Prize laureate, instrumental in the country’s independence and long-standing advocate for ASEAN membership.

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs October 27

15. Which two new investment options have been extended to central government employees under NPS and UPS as of October 2025?
A) LC25 and Scheme G
B) BLC and LC50
C) LC75 and BLC
D) LC50 and Default
E) LC25 and Default
Answer: C) LC75 and BLC

Event and Location:

• Event: Govt. extends LC75 and Balanced Life Cycle (BLC) options to central government employees under NPS and UPS
• Location: India
• Date: October 26, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Government of India approved the inclusion of LC75 and BLC investment options under the National Pension System (NPS) and Unified Pension Scheme (UPS) for central government employees.
• Objectives: To enhance retirement planning flexibility, align government subscriber options with those available to private-sector participants, and allow investment strategies that reflect individual risk preferences and time horizons.

Important Terms Explained:

• LC75 (Life Cycle 75): A high-equity auto-choice investment option under NPS allowing up to 75% equity exposure, which gradually tapers from age 35 to 55 using a glide-path mechanism to manage risk.
• BLC (Balanced Life Cycle): A modified LC50 where equity exposure begins tapering later—from age 45—allowing subscribers longer participation in equity markets before retirement.
• Auto Choice: An investment strategy under NPS where allocations across equity, government securities, and corporate bonds are automatically adjusted based on the subscriber’s age profile, offering a passive, risk-based approach to investing.

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16. From December 2025, which Indian state will implement a green tax on vehicles entering from other states using ANPR-based automation?
A) Himachal Pradesh
B) Maharashtra
C) Uttarakhand
D) Karnataka
E) Sikkim
Answer: C) Uttarakhand

Event and Location:

• Event: Uttarakhand to implement green tax on out-of-state vehicles to protect Himalayan ecosystem
• Location: Uttarakhand, India
• Date: To be implemented from December 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Uttarakhand government will levy a green tax on all non-local vehicles entering the state from December 2025. The system will use ANPR cameras at 37 entry points to enable automated tax collection without manual tolls.
• Objectives: To protect the fragile Himalayan ecosystem, reduce vehicular emissions, and generate revenue for environmental conservation and sustainable tourism under the Clean Uttarakhand Mission.

Important Terms Explained:

• Green Tax: An environmental levy imposed on vehicles to reduce pollution and fund eco-friendly initiatives, particularly in sensitive zones like hill stations.
• ANPR (Automatic Number Plate Recognition): A technology that captures vehicle number plates and enables automated processes like toll or tax collection without human intervention.
• Clean Uttarakhand Mission: A state-led environmental campaign aiming for pollution-free tourism, waste management, and air quality improvement in ecologically fragile regions.

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17. What is the new name of the Aurangabad Railway Station, officially renamed in October 2025?
A) Sambhaji Nagar Station
B) Shivaji Nagar Junction
C) Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar Railway Station
D) Maratha Heritage Junction
E) Sambhaji Maharaj Terminal
Answer: C) Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar Railway Station

Event and Location:

• Event: Aurangabad Railway Station renamed to Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar Railway Station
• Location: Maharashtra, India
• Date: Gazette notification issued on October 15, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Central Railway, under the South Central Railway’s Nanded Division, officially renamed Aurangabad Railway Station to Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, aligning with the city’s earlier renaming in 2022 by the Maharashtra government.
• Objectives: To honour Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj, assert regional Maratha heritage, promote cultural pride, and support heritage-based tourism branding.

Important Terms Explained:

• Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj: The second ruler of the Maratha Empire and son of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, known for his resistance against the Mughal Empire and martyrdom.
• South Central Railway (SCR): One of the 19 railway zones in India, headquartered in Secunderabad, under which the renamed station now operates (Nanded Division).
• Gazette Notification: An official government publication used to formalize changes in public infrastructure names, policies, and legal decisions.

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Over All Review

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