Daily Current Affairs October 24

Dear Champions, as you all know that a lot of competitive exams have been notified consequently. Candidates have to prepare themselves according to the level of competition and expectation of the Recruitment board. Regarding that one of the most important topic is Daily Current Affairs October 24. Current Affairs in the form of contemporary events of national & international play a crucial role in almost every competitive exams like Banking, Insurance, SSC, UPSC, TNPSC, Railway etc.

Current affairs are the most dynamic yet scoring among all sections and need to be prepared from the right source. Here, we cafunsta team, providing Daily GK Updates, Current Affairs Questions, and Monthly  current affairs pdf.

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October 24 | Daily Current Affairs 2024

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs October 24

1. What is the theme for World Polio Day 2024?
A) Eradicate Polio for Future Generations
B) A Vaccine for Every Child
C) A Global Mission to Reach Every Child
D) Fighting Polio Together
E) End Polio Now
Answer: C) A Global Mission to Reach Every Child

Event and Location:

• Event: World Polio Day 2024 is observed on October 24 globally to raise awareness about polio and the ongoing efforts to eradicate the disease.
• Location: Global.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: The main goal of World Polio Day is to educate the public about polio, raise awareness about the importance of vaccination, and celebrate the progress made in eradicating the disease.
• Theme: The theme for 2024 is “A Global Mission to Reach Every Child,” which emphasizes the importance of ensuring that all children, especially in underserved and high-risk areas, are vaccinated against polio to achieve a polio-free world.

Key Points of Polio and its Prevention:

• Polio (Poliomyelitis): A highly contagious disease that primarily affects children under the age of five. It can cause paralysis, muscle weakness, and in severe cases, death.
• Importance of Polio Drops: Oral polio vaccines (OPV) are critical because they help prevent polio by stimulating the immune system to fight off the poliovirus, ensuring both individual protection and herd immunity in communities.

History:

• World Polio Day was established in 1988 by Rotary International to mark the birthday of Dr. Jonas Salk, who developed the first polio vaccine. Since the introduction of the vaccine, the number of polio cases worldwide has drastically reduced.

Importance of Vaccination:

• Vaccination efforts: Polio has been nearly eradicated, but cases still persist in some regions. World Polio Day serves as a reminder of the ongoing global effort to eliminate the virus and the importance of continuous immunization campaigns.

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2. When is International Day of Diplomats celebrated annually?
A) June 24
B) October 24
C) April 24
D) September 24
E) March 24
Answer: B) October 24

Event and Location:

• Event: International Day of Diplomats, observed annually on October 24, honors the critical role diplomats play in maintaining global peace, fostering international cooperation, and resolving conflicts.
• Location: Global, with diplomats worldwide being recognized for their efforts in promoting international relations.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: To acknowledge the contributions of diplomats who work behind the scenes to ensure peace, security, and stability between nations. Diplomats facilitate trade agreements, cultural exchanges, and conflict resolution through their skilled negotiations and diplomatic efforts.
• Origins: The International Day of Diplomats was established in 2017 by Indian diplomat Abhay Kumar. The first celebration took place in Brasília, Brazil, with diplomats from various countries participating.

Key Roles of Diplomats:

• Conflict Resolution: Diplomats work to de-escalate tensions between countries, ensuring that conflicts do not turn into violence.
• Humanitarian Efforts: They help coordinate responses to global crises like natural disasters or humanitarian emergencies.
• Global Challenges: Diplomats are involved in tackling global issues such as climate change, public health, and migration.

Connection with UN Day:

• The International Day of Diplomats coincides with United Nations Day, which also occurs on October 24 and marks the founding of the UN in 1945. Both observances emphasize the shared goal of promoting peace, security, and international cooperation.

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3. What is the duration of the nationwide program to celebrate Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s 150th birth anniversary?
A) 2024-2025
B) 2024-2026
C) 2025-2027
D) 2023-2025
E) 2024-2027
Answer: B) 2024-2026

Event and Location:

• Event: The Indian government will celebrate Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s 150th birth anniversary with a two-year nationwide program.
• Location: India, from 2024 to 2026.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: The celebration aims to honor Sardar Patel’s contributions to India’s unity, democracy, and national integrity. Patel played a monumental role in the unification of over 550 princely states post-independence, ensuring the nation’s territorial integrity.
• Announcement: This initiative was announced by Union Home Minister Amit Shah on October 23, 2024, emphasizing the government’s commitment to uphold Patel’s values of unity and democracy.

Key Contributions of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel:

• Unifying India: Known as the “Iron Man of India,” Sardar Patel was instrumental in integrating princely states into modern India, unifying the country from Kashmir to Lakshadweep.
• Leadership in Independence Movement: He played a key role in the Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience Movements, organizing peasants against oppressive land revenue policies.
• Constitutional Contribution: Patel contributed to the framing of the Indian Constitution and worked alongside leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Mahatma Gandhi.

Legacy and Memorials:

• His birthday, October 31, is celebrated as Rashtriya Ekta Diwas (National Unity Day) since 2014.
• The Statue of Unity in Gujarat, the world’s tallest statue, commemorates his legacy.

Important Terms Explained:

• Rashtriya Ekta Diwas: A day celebrated in India to promote national unity, honoring Sardar Patel’s role in uniting the country.

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4. What is the primary role of the Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP)?
A) Guarding the India-Pakistan border
B) Managing internal security and counter-insurgency
C) Guarding India’s northern borders along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) with China
D) Providing security for national events
E) Disaster relief operations
Answer: C) Guarding India’s northern borders along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) with China

Event and Location:

• Event: 63rd ITBP Raising Day, celebrated annually on October 24, honors the founding and achievements of the Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP).
• Location: India.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: The ITBP is primarily responsible for guarding India’s northern borders, particularly along the 3,488 km long Line of Actual Control (LAC) with China, from Ladakh to Arunachal Pradesh. It was formed in 1962, in the aftermath of the Sino-Indian War.

Key Responsibilities of ITBP:

• Border Security: The ITBP operates in high-altitude regions along the LAC with China, securing India’s northern frontiers.
• Mountaineering and Skiing: ITBP personnel are trained to navigate the rugged Himalayan terrain, utilizing skills like mountaineering and skiing.
• Disaster Relief: ITBP also plays a critical role in disaster management, as evidenced by its rescue efforts during the 2013 Uttarakhand floods.
• Specialized Units: ITBP has various specialized units for border service, jungle warfare, and search-and-rescue operations.

Important Terms Explained:

• Line of Actual Control (LAC): The demarcation separating Indian-controlled territory from Chinese-controlled territory in the Himalayas.

Significance of ITBP Raising Day:

• The day recognizes the sacrifices and dedication of the ITBP personnel in safeguarding India’s sovereignty and national security, especially under challenging climatic conditions and geopolitical tensions.

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs October 24

5. Who became the fastest bowler to reach 300 Test wickets by balls bowled?
A) Dale Steyn
B) Waqar Younis
C) Kagiso Rabada
D) Allan Donald
E) Malcolm Marshall
Answer: C) Kagiso Rabada

Event and Location:

• Event: Kagiso Rabada became the fastest bowler to reach 300 Test wickets by balls bowled, achieving this feat in just 11,817 deliveries.
• Location: Rabada reached this milestone during a Test match against Bangladesh.

Key Record:

• Rabada surpassed legendary bowlers such as:
  • Waqar Younis (12,602 balls)
  • Dale Steyn (12,605 balls)

Background:

• Debut: Rabada made his Test debut in November 2015 against India.
• Milestone Match: He claimed his 300th wicket during his 65th Test, becoming the third-fastest South African to reach the milestone, after Steyn and Allan Donald.

Most Test Wickets for South Africa:

• Dale Steyn: 439 wickets in 93 Tests
• Shaun Pollock: 421 wickets in 108 Tests
• Makhaya Ntini: 390 wickets in 101 Tests
• Allan Donald: 330 wickets in 72 Tests
• Morne Morkel: 309 wickets in 86 Tests
• Kagiso Rabada: 301 wickets in 65 Tests
• Notable Performance: Rabada played a key role in dismantling Bangladesh’s batting lineup, claiming pivotal wickets such as Mushfiqur Rahim and Litton Das.

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6. Which team holds the record for the highest total in T20 International (T20I) cricket as of 2024?
A) India
B) Nepal
C) Zimbabwe
D) Afghanistan
E) Czech Republic
Answer: C) Zimbabwe

Event and Location:

• Event: Zimbabwe set the record for the highest total in T20 International (T20I) cricket with a score of 344/4.
• Location: The record was achieved during an ICC Men’s T20 World Cup Africa Sub-Regional Qualifier B match against Gambia.

Key Performance:

• Sikandar Raza’s Knock: Sikandar Raza led Zimbabwe’s innings with an unbeaten 133 off 43 balls, featuring 15 sixes. His century, scored in just 33 balls, was the joint-second fastest in T20I history.
• Previous Record: This score surpassed the previous record of 314/3 set by Nepal against Mongolia in 2023.

Top Five Highest Totals in Men’s T20I History (as of 2024):

1. Zimbabwe: 344/4 vs Gambia (2024)
2. Nepal: 314/3 vs Mongolia (2023)
3. India: 297/6 vs Bangladesh (2024)
4. Zimbabwe: 286/5 vs Seychelles (2024)
5. Afghanistan: 278/3 vs Ireland (2019)

Other Records:

• Most Sixes in a T20I Innings: Zimbabwe hit 27 sixes, setting a world record for the most sixes in a T20I innings, breaking the previous record of 26 sixes set by Nepal.

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs October 24

7. What is the purpose of SBI’s Rs 5,000 crore Additional Tier-I bond issuance at a 7.98% coupon rate?
A) To fund new projects
B) To support loan disbursement
C) To strengthen its capital base
D) To repay previous debts
E) To increase its deposit base
Answer: C) To strengthen its capital base

Event and Location:

• Event: State Bank of India (SBI) raised Rs 5,000 crore through the issuance of Additional Tier-I (AT-I) bonds to strengthen its capital base.
• Location: India, SBI’s first AT-I issuance in the current financial year.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: SBI issued these bonds to shore up its capital base as per Basel-III norms, which require banks to maintain sufficient capital to absorb potential financial shocks.
• Coupon Rate: The 7.98% coupon rate is the interest SBI will pay to investors.
• Call Option: These bonds come with a call option that SBI can exercise after 10 years.

Key Features of AT-I Bonds:

• Perpetual in Nature: AT-I bonds do not have a maturity date, but banks can choose to repay them at specific times (e.g., after 10 years).
• Higher Risk: These bonds carry a higher risk as they can be converted into equity if the bank’s capital or earnings fall below certain thresholds.
• Investor Participation: The issue attracted bids 3.5 times the base size of Rs 2,000 crore, indicating strong investor confidence in SBI.

Important Terms Explained:

• Additional Tier-I (AT-I) Bonds: A type of debt instrument used by banks to raise long-term capital. These bonds are compliant with Basel-III norms and can absorb losses when the bank’s financial health is in question.
• Basel-III Norms: International regulatory standards that require banks to hold certain levels of capital to withstand financial stress.
• Greenshoe Option: An option allowing SBI to raise an additional Rs 3,000 crore on top of the base Rs 2,000 crore issue.

Benefits and Importance:

• This bond issuance helps SBI improve its capital adequacy ratio, essential for its ability to absorb financial shocks and continue growing its loan and credit operations.

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8. What dual recognition did HDFC Life recently receive for its commitment to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI)?
A) Best Insurance Provider and Most Ethical Company
B) Best Companies for Women in India and Exemplars of Inclusion
C) Best Customer Support and Exemplary Growth
D) Top Financial Services Company and Best in Technology
E) Most Profitable Insurance Firm and Best Investment Company
Answer: B) Best Companies for Women in India and Exemplars of Inclusion

Event and Location:

• Event: HDFC Life received dual recognition for its strong Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) efforts.
• Location: India, highlighting HDFC Life’s leading role in the insurance sector.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: HDFC Life has been recognized for fostering an inclusive and equitable work environment that supports women, people with disabilities, the LGBTQ+ community, and individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds.
• Awards Received:
  • Best Companies for Women in India (BCWI): HDFC Life ranked among 12 leading BFSI firms for creating supportive ecosystems for women.
  • Exemplars of Inclusion in the Most Inclusive Companies Index (MICI): Recognizes companies excelling in inclusion across various diverse groups, reinforcing HDFC Life’s DEI principles.

Organizational Culture:

• HDFC Life emphasizes equal opportunities and people engagement, striving to eliminate barriers that hinder individual growth and expression. Their approach to DEI is seen as part of their core values: Excellence, People Engagement, Integrity, Customer Centricity, and Collaboration.

Important Terms Explained:

• DEI (Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion): A framework that encourages diversity, ensures fair treatment, and promotes an inclusive work environment where all individuals can thrive.
• Avtar and Seramount: Organisations that recognize companies excelling in diversity and inclusion, highlighting those with outstanding DEI policies.

Benefits and Importance:

• This recognition reflects HDFC Life’s long-term commitment to creating a more inclusive workplace, which contributes to the company’s growth and the satisfaction of both employees and customers.

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs October 24

9. Who has been appointed as Google’s Chief Technologist in October 2024?
A) Sundar Pichai
B) Nick Fox
C) Prabhakar Raghavan
D) Satya Nadella
E) Thomas Kurian
Answer: C) Prabhakar Raghavan

Event and Location:

• Event: Prabhakar Raghavan has been appointed as Google’s Chief Technologist in October 2024.
• Location: Global, as part of Google’s leadership restructuring.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: In his new role, Prabhakar Raghavan will focus on driving technical innovations, overseeing key strategic initiatives, and guiding Google through the evolving technology landscape.

Key Background Information:

• Educational Background:
  • BTech in Electrical Engineering from IIT-Madras in 1981.
  • MS and PhD in Computer Science from the University of California, Berkeley.
• Previous Career Highlights:
  • He held leadership positions at Yahoo! Labs, Verity, and IBM.
  • Joined Google in 2012, where he led the development of critical products like Google Search, Assistant, Geo, Ads, Commerce, and Payments.
  • Before his new role, he was Senior Vice President at Google, managing Google Search and related products.

Importance of His Appointment:

• Raghavan’s expertise in machine learning, data mining, and algorithms will be crucial in shaping Google’s technological future, ensuring the company remains a leader in innovation and global technology.

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10. Who has been appointed as the new CEO of JP Morgan Chase India in October 2024?
A) Prabhdev Singh
B) Kaustubh Kulkarni
C) Pranav Chawda
D) Anshul Gupta
E) Vikram Pandit
Answer: C) Pranav Chawda

Event and Location:

• Event: Pranav Chawda has been appointed as the CEO of JP Morgan Chase India for a term of three years.
• Location: India, with the announcement made in October 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: Pranav Chawda will focus on driving JP Morgan’s growth and strategic initiatives in the Indian market, particularly in corporate banking and other banking sectors.

Background:

• Previous Role: Chawda previously headed the commercial banking unit of JP Morgan in the US and has over 20 years of experience in various roles in the banking industry, including credit, product management, and business development.
• Professional Credentials: Chawda is a chartered accountant who began his career at Citigroup in 2000 and joined JP Morgan in 2019.

Previous CEO:

• He succeeds Prabhdev Singh, who stepped down in June 2024 before completing his term.

JP Morgan Chase in India:

• Established its presence in India in 1945, with offices in Mumbai, Bengaluru, and Hyderabad.
• It launched its first commercial bank in India in 2007 and has expanded services significantly in recent years, including the opening of its largest Asia Pacific campus in Hyderabad in 2021.

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs October 24

11. What is the last date for submission of applications for the 6th National Water Awards 2024?
A) 30th November 2024
B) 15th December 2024
C) 31st December 2024
D) 1st January 2025
E) 20th December 2024
Answer: C) 31st December 2024

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of the 6th National Water Awards (NWA), 2024.
• Location: India, Ministry of Jal Shakti.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: Recognize and encourage exemplary work in the field of water conservation and management across various entities like states, districts, village panchayats, urban bodies, schools, industries, and civil society.
• Categories: Awards will be conferred in 9 categories including Best State, Best District, Best Village Panchayat, Best School/College, etc.
• Eligibility: Entities such as State Governments, District Administrations, Village Panchayats, Urban Local Bodies, Schools/Colleges, Institutions, Industries, Civil Societies, and Water User Associations are eligible to apply.
• Submission Deadline: The last date for submitting applications is 31st December 2024 through the Rashtriya Puraskar portal (www.awards.gov.in).

Award Details:

• Best State and Best District winners will receive trophies and citations.
• In other categories, winners will receive cash prizes of up to Rs. 2 lakh, along with trophies and citations.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Water Awards (NWA): Launched in 2018, it aims to promote awareness about water conservation and recognize outstanding efforts in water resource management.
• Jal Samridh Bharat: The government’s vision to create a water-rich nation by encouraging best water usage practices and holistic water management.

Selection Process:

• Applications will be reviewed by a Screening Committee and further evaluated by a Jury Committee. Final recommendations are approved by the Union Minister of Jal Shakti.

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12. Who presented Urmila Chaudhary with the Global Anti-Racism Championship Award 2024?
A) Joe Biden
B) Kamala Harris
C) Narendra Modi
D) Antony Blinken
E) Justin Trudeau
Answer: D) Antony Blinken

Event and Location:

• Event: Urmila Chaudhary, a social campaigner from Nepal, was honored with the Global Anti-Racism Championship Award 2024.
• Location: The award was presented at a ceremony held at the Department of State in Washington, D.C..

Award Presentation:

• Presenter: The award was presented by U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken.
• Purpose: The award recognizes Urmila’s contributions in fighting systemic racism, advocating for marginalized castes and ethnic communities, and promoting education, justice, and economic development.

Background on Urmila Chaudhary:

• Advocacy: A Dalit and labor rights activist from Nepal, Urmila was rescued from child domestic servitude (kamlari) at age 17 and later co-founded the Freed Kamlari Development Forum to support former Kamlari girls.
• Education: Urmila is currently studying at the Kathmandu School of Law to continue her fight against injustice.

Global Anti-Racism Championship Award (GARC):

• Founded: 2023
• Purpose: Recognizes individuals demonstrating leadership, courage, and strength in combating racism, discrimination, and xenophobia.
• Nomination Process: Awardees are nominated by U.S. Embassies and Consulates worldwide.

Other 2024 Awardees:

• Dintie Sule Tayiru from Ghana, Elvis Shakjiri from North Macedonia, Tanya Duarte from Mexico, Tomasa Yarhui Jacomé from Bolivia, and John Leerdam from the Netherlands were among the honorees.

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs October 24

13. What major space missions were approved by the Union Cabinet under India’s space program recently?
A) Mars and Saturn missions
B) Four Gaganyaan missions and four space station technology tests
C) Chandrayaan 4 and Aditya-L1
D) Only moon and Venus missions
E) SpaceX collaborations and satellite launches
Answer: B) Four Gaganyaan missions and four space station technology tests

Event and Location:

• Event: Approval of significant new space missions by the Union Cabinet under India’s space program.
• Location: India, led by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: The Cabinet approved four missions under the Gaganyaan human spaceflight programme, which is aimed at sending Indian astronauts into space. Additionally, four missions to test technologies for India’s first space station—the Bharatiya Antariksh Station 1—by 2028 were approved.
• Gaganyaan Programme: Initially, two uncrewed missions were planned. However, ISRO added an extra uncrewed flight to test systems before sending humans into space.
• Bharatiya Antariksh Station 1: The first Indian space station is expected to be operational by 2028, marking India’s entry into continuous space presence and station-based research.

Key Space Missions Previewed:

• NISAR and Proba-3: India is preparing to launch these satellites, contributing to Earth observation and space-based research.
• Astrosat Update: India’s first dedicated space observatory, Astrosat, has provided promising updates, indicating success in space-based astronomy.
• Private Sector Involvement: Indian private companies are increasingly engaging in satellite development and contributing to the nation’s space program.

Important Terms Explained:

• Gaganyaan Programme: India’s ambitious human spaceflight mission aimed at sending Indian astronauts into space.
• Bharatiya Antariksh Station 1: India’s planned space station, expected to be launched by 2028, enabling long-term space research.

Benefits and Importance:

• These approvals signal new beginnings for India’s space program, enabling technological advances in human spaceflight and space station technologies.
• The collaboration between ISRO and private companies reflects a growing synergy, bolstering India’s space capabilities.

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs October 24

14. Which two navies participated in the Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX) held from 21-23 October 2024?
A) Indian Navy and French Navy
B) Indian Navy and German Navy
C) Indian Navy and US Navy
D) Indian Navy and Russian Navy
E) Indian Navy and Japanese Navy
Answer: B) Indian Navy and German Navy

Event and Location:

• Event: Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX) between the Indian Navy and the German Navy.
• Location: Indian Ocean, specifically in the Bay of Bengal.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: Strengthen maritime cooperation and improve interoperability between the Indian and German navies.
• Key Exercises: Cross-deck flying operations, underway replenishment, weapon firing, and tactical manoeuvres were conducted during the exercise.

Participating Vessels:

• Indian Navy: INS Delhi, a guided missile destroyer, part of the Eastern Fleet.
• German Navy:
  • Baden-Württemberg, the lead frigate of the F125 class.
  • Frankfurt Am Main, a replenishment tanker, part of the Berlin-class of ships.

Important Terms Explained:

• INS Delhi: Lead ship of her class in the Indian Navy, designed for anti-air, anti-surface, and anti-submarine warfare.
• Baden-Württemberg: German Navy’s frigate, known for its advanced combat systems and multi-role capabilities.
• Maritime Partnership Exercise (MPX): A naval exercise aimed at improving interoperability and enhancing cooperative strategies between participating nations.

Benefits and Importance:

• Strengthening Cooperation: Enhances naval cooperation and operational readiness between India and Germany.
• Tactical Development: Helps in refining tactical skills and increasing mutual understanding between the two naval forces.

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15. Where is the 31st edition of the Singapore India Maritime Bilateral Exercise (SIMBEX) 2024 being held?
A) Bay of Bengal and Chennai
B) Indian Ocean and Kolkata
C) Eastern Naval Command, Visakhapatnam and Bay of Bengal
D) Mumbai Harbour and Arabian Sea
E) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Answer: C) Eastern Naval Command, Visakhapatnam and Bay of Bengal

Event and Location:

• Event: 31st edition of SIMBEX (Singapore India Maritime Bilateral Exercise).
• Location: Conducted at Eastern Naval Command, Visakhapatnam and Bay of Bengal.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: Enhance interoperability between the Indian Navy and the Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN), improve maritime domain awareness, and strengthen cooperation.
• Phases:
  • Harbour Phase (23-25 October 2024) at Visakhapatnam, featuring cross-deck visits, SMEEs (Subject Matter Expert Exchanges), and pre-sail briefings.
  • Sea Phase (28-29 October 2024) in the Bay of Bengal, with advanced naval drills like live weapon firings, anti-submarine warfare (ASW) training, anti-surface and anti-air operations, and tactical manoeuvres.

Important Terms Explained:

• SIMBEX: Singapore India Maritime Bilateral Exercise, initiated in 1994 as Exercise Lion King. It is now one of the longest-standing maritime partnerships between the two nations.
• RSS Tenacious: A Republic of Singapore Navy ship participating in SIMBEX 2024, equipped with an embarked helicopter for the exercise.

Benefits and Importance:

• Strategic Partnership: Strengthens the bilateral naval collaboration between India and Singapore.
• Training and Preparedness: Increases mutual understanding through advanced drills and joint maritime operations, ensuring both navies are well-equipped to handle common maritime challenges.

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs October 24

16. Where was the 2nd Australia-India Education and Skills Council (AIESC) meeting attended by Shri Dharmendra Pradhan held?
A) New Delhi
B) Melbourne
C) Sydney
D) Brisbane
E) Canberra
Answer: C) Sydney

Event and Location:

• Event: 2nd Australia-India Education and Skills Council (AIESC) meeting.
• Location: Sydney, Australia.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: Strengthen the educational partnership between India and Australia by building knowledge bridges and fostering collaboration in skills development and higher education.
• Key Discussions:
  • Forecasting future workforce needs in both countries.
  • Bridging skill gaps through education and training programs.
  • Research collaboration between Indian and Australian universities.

Key Outcomes:

• Shri Dharmendra Pradhan emphasized the importance of education and skills as the driving force for economic prosperity in both nations.
• Announcement that the 3rd AIESC meeting will be held in India in 2025.
• Engagement with Innovative Research Universities (IRU) in Australia to explore further collaboration in research and education.

Important Terms Explained:

• AIESC: A platform facilitating bilateral cooperation between India and Australia in education and skills development.
• Innovative Research Universities (IRU): A coalition of Australian universities focusing on inclusive excellence in education and impactful research.

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs October 24

17. What is the primary purpose of the Rs.1,000 crore Venture Capital Fund approved by the Union Cabinet for the space sector?
A) To fund space missions led by ISRO
B) To provide loans to private space companies
C) To invest in startups across the space sector
D) To support public-private space research collaborations
E) To subsidize space technology imports
Answer: C) To invest in startups across the space sector

Event and Location:

• Event: Union Cabinet approval for Rs.1,000 crore Venture Capital Fund for the space sector.
• Location: India.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: Support innovation and boost India’s space sector by investing in startups.
• Deployment Period: Spread over five years, with yearly allocations between Rs.150-250 crore.
• Investment Range: Rs.10 crore to Rs.60 crore depending on the startup’s stage of development.
• Startup Support: Approximately 40 startups will benefit from this fund.

Important Terms Explained:

• IN-SPACe: A regulatory body promoting private sector participation in Indian space activities.
• Venture Capital Fund: A pool of private equity meant for high-potential startups, focusing here on space startups.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat: A government initiative aimed at making India self-reliant across various sectors, including space technology.
• Alternative Investment Fund (AIF): SEBI-regulated funds that provide capital to early-stage startups.

Benefits:

• Attracts private investors and additional funding.
• Retains Indian space startups, countering the trend of relocating abroad.
• Aims to expand India’s space economy from $8.4 billion to $44 billion by 2033.
• Boosts innovation, economic growth, and employment in the space sector.

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18. Which of the following states will benefit from the two railway projects worth Rs.6,798 crore approved by the Cabinet?
A) Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Bihar
B) Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and Maharashtra
C) Gujarat, Telangana, and Odisha
D) Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Bihar
E) Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka
Answer: A) Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Bihar

Event and Location:

• Event: Cabinet approval of two major railway projects.
• Location: India, specifically in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Bihar.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Total Cost: Rs.6,798 crore for two projects.
• Time Frame: To be completed in five years.
• Project 1: Doubling of the Narkatiaganj-Raxaul-Sitamarhi-Darbhanga & Sitamarhi-Muzaffarpur sections (256 km).
• Project 2: New rail line construction between Errupalem and Namburu via Amaravati (57 km).

Key Objectives:

• Strengthen connectivity to Nepal, Northeast India, and border areas.
• Improve logistical efficiency and enhance transportation networks.
• Provide connectivity to unconnected areas and minimize logistics costs.
• Facilitate employment generation and socio-economic development.

Important Terms Explained:

• PM-Gati Shakti: A national master plan for multi-modal connectivity aimed at improving infrastructure development.
• Aspirational Districts: Indian districts identified for focused development under the “Transformation of Aspirational Districts” programme.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat: A government initiative to make India self-reliant through comprehensive regional development.

Benefits:

• These projects will cover 8 districts across three states, benefiting approximately 21 lakh people and connecting 168 villages.
• The project will reduce CO2 emissions by 168 crore kg, equivalent to planting 7 crore trees.
• Direct employment generation for 106 lakh human-days.
• Additional freight traffic of 31 MTPA (Million Tonnes Per Annum) is expected.
• Strengthens multi-modal connectivity, contributing to the New India vision.

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19. Who was commemorated through the stamp issued by the Department of Posts on the 200th anniversary of Kittur Vijayotsava?
A) Rani Laxmi Bai
B) Kittur Rani Channamma
C) Tipu Sultan
D) Subhash Chandra Bose
E) Mahatma Gandhi
Answer: B) Kittur Rani Channamma

Event and Location:

• Event: Release of a commemorative stamp on the 200th anniversary of Kittur Vijayotsava.
• Location: Kittur Fort Premises, Karnataka.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: Commemorate the 200th anniversary of Kittur Rani Channamma’s victory over British forces on October 23, 1824.
• Design of Stamp: The stamp, designed by Shri Brahm Prakash, portrays Rani Channamma on horseback, symbolizing her bravery, with surrounding forts representing Kittur’s rich heritage.
• Significance: This event honors the indomitable spirit of Rani Channamma and celebrates Kittur’s role in India’s freedom struggle.

Important Terms Explained:

• Kittur Vijayotsava: A celebration marking the victory of Rani Channamma over British forces in 1824.
• Rani Channamma: A legendary queen of Kittur, who led one of the earliest uprisings against British rule in India.

Benefits and Importance:

• Historical Significance: The stamp serves as a tribute to Rani Channamma’s leadership and her fight for independence, preserving her legacy for future generations.
• Inspiration: The release of this stamp reminds the nation of its rich history and the importance of resistance against colonial oppression.

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20. Who will be delivering a session on “India as a Sports Superpower in Viksit Bharat” during National Learning Week under Mission Karmayogi?
A) Neelkanth Mishra
B) Abhinav Bindra
C) Tobias Adrian
D) R. Venkataramani
E) Sunita Bhuyan
Answer: B) Abhinav Bindra

Event and Location:

• Event: National Learning Week (NLW) under Mission Karmayogi, aimed at empowering civil servants through continuous learning.
• Location: Online, through a series of webinars featuring expert speakers from diverse fields.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: To enhance the skills and knowledge of civil servants in governance by addressing various topics such as global finance, space exploration, judicial systems, and India’s development as a sports superpower.
• Key Focus: Sessions aim to develop innovation, efficiency, and responsiveness among civil servants by providing holistic and technical insights.

Key Sessions:

• Sunita Bhuyan: A session on “Music: Inspiration for Learning” will explore how music fosters creativity and learning.
• Neelkanth Mishra: Discussion on “International Financial Landscape and India’s Role” to provide insights into global economics.
• Abhinav Bindra: A session titled “India as a Sports Superpower in Viksit Bharat” will focus on how sports contribute to nation-building.
• Tobias Adrian: Addressing “Global Financial Stability” with a focus on the factors ensuring a stable global financial environment.
• Dr. S Somanath: A session on India’s space journey and achievements in the field of space exploration.
• R. Venkataramani: A discussion on India’s judicial system, including laws and governance.

Important Terms Explained:

• Mission Karmayogi: A government initiative to develop a future-ready civil service through capacity-building programs.
• Viksit Bharat: A vision for Developed India, where the nation achieves excellence across various sectors, including sports, governance, and technology.

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21. What was the theme of the cultural event ‘Aradhana’ hosted by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment?
A) Celebrating Traditional Indian Art
B) Empowering the Youth
C) Celebrating Graceful Ageing – Life Begins at 60
D) Promoting Indian Classical Music
E) Honour the Elders of India
Answer: C) Celebrating Graceful Ageing – Life Begins at 60

Event and Location:

• Event: ‘Aradhana’, a cultural event honouring senior citizen artists.
• Location: New Delhi, India.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: To celebrate the contributions of senior citizen artists and promote active ageing and intergenerational solidarity. The event aimed to recognize how senior citizens play a vital role in preserving India’s cultural heritage.
• Theme: “Celebrating Graceful Ageing – Life Begins at 60”. The event emphasized the importance of elder citizens in continuing to foster India’s rich artistic traditions and maintaining cultural identity.

Key Highlights:

• Notable Performances:
  • Pt. Sajan Mishra delivered a soulful vocal recital.
  • Guru Ranjana Gauhar performed an Odissi dance, showcasing classical Indian dance’s timeless grace.
  • Various folk dances from across India were performed, symbolizing the diversity of the nation’s traditions.
• Chief Guest: Shri B.L. Verma, Union Minister of State for Social Justice and Empowerment, who emphasized the knowledge and wisdom of elders in preserving cultural values.

Important Terms Explained:

• Guru Shishya Parampara: A traditional Indian mentor-student relationship where knowledge, especially in the arts, is passed down through generations.
• Active Ageing: A concept that encourages senior citizens to stay actively engaged in society, contributing to their well-being and self-esteem.

Benefits and Importance:

• Promotion of Dignity: The event highlighted the ministry’s focus on ensuring senior citizens live with dignity, respect, and security, while actively contributing to cultural and social spheres.
• Cultural Preservation: Senior citizen artists were recognized for their lifelong dedication to preserving India’s artistic legacy.

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22. What is the primary purpose of India’s new convective cloud chamber under Mission Mausam?
A) To study cyclone formation
B) To enhance or suppress weather events like rainfall and fog
C) To predict earthquake patterns
D) To monitor air pollution levels
E) To improve space weather forecasting
Answer: B) To enhance or suppress weather events like rainfall and fog

Event and Location:

• Event: India is building a convective cloud chamber as part of Mission Mausam, aimed at improving weather forecasting and weather modification.
• Location: Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: The cloud chamber will be used to study cloud physics, especially under conditions commonly affecting Indian monsoon clouds. The goal is to enhance the understanding of cloud formation and behavior, which will help manage certain weather events such as rainfall, hail, fog, and potentially lightning strikes.
• Cloud Chamber Functionality:
  • A cloud chamber is a controlled environment where clouds can be artificially formed by injecting water vapour and aerosols under specific humidity and temperature conditions.
  • This chamber will allow scientists to investigate cloud seeding (manipulating clouds to enhance or suppress rain) and study interactions inside clouds in extreme and normal conditions.
  • Convective properties will be introduced to mimic Indian weather systems like the monsoons.

Why is India Building a Convective Cloud Chamber?

• Cloud Physics:
  • Involves studying cloud behavior under different weather systems, the formation of rain droplets and ice particles, and how cloud layers interact.
  • Understanding cloud physics is essential for weather modification efforts, allowing scientists to manipulate weather conditions like rainfall and fog.
• Strategic Weather Modification: The insights from cloud chamber studies will help in managing and modifying weather events, supporting India’s efforts to enhance rainfall in drought-prone areas or suppress adverse weather conditions.

Important Terms Explained:

• Mission Mausam: A government initiative aiming to improve weather forecasting and manage specific weather events.
• Cloud Chamber: A cylindrical structure used to study cloud formation by controlling humidity, temperature, and aerosol interactions.
• Cloud Seeding: A technique that involves injecting substances like silver iodide into clouds to encourage rain formation.

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23. What is the primary purpose of the special courts established by the Delhi government for people with disabilities?
A) To resolve employment disputes for disabled individuals
B) To provide fair and swift justice for people with disabilities
C) To assist with property disputes for disabled citizens
D) To offer medical aid to people with disabilities
E) To ensure financial assistance to disabled individuals
Answer: B) To provide fair and swift justice for people with disabilities

Event and Location:

• Event: The Delhi government has approved the establishment of special courts for individuals with disabilities.
• Location: Delhi, India.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective: The primary goal of these special courts is to ensure fair and swift justice for people with disabilities by creating an inclusive judicial system tailored to meet their specific needs.
• Announcement: Chief Minister Atishi described this initiative as a “historic step” toward making the judicial process more accessible and inclusive for people with disabilities.

Key Features of Special Courts:

• Inclusive Design: The courts will be specially designed to cater to the needs of people with disabilities, ensuring a more accessible and comfortable judicial experience.
• Swift Justice: By establishing these courts, the government aims to streamline legal proceedings for people with disabilities, allowing for more timely resolutions to their cases.

Important Terms Explained:

• Inclusivity in Justice: Ensuring that all individuals, regardless of disabilities, have equal access to legal processes and can participate fully in the justice system.

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