Daily Current Affairs October 07

Dear Champions, as you all know that a lot of competitive exams have been notified consequently. Candidates have to prepare themselves according to the level of competition and expectation of the Recruitment board. Regarding that one of the most important topic is Daily Current Affairs October 07. Current Affairs in the form of contemporary events of national & international play a crucial role in almost every competitive exams like Banking, Insurance, SSC, UPSC, TNPSC, Railway etc.

Current affairs are the most dynamic yet scoring among all sections and need to be prepared from the right source. Here, we cafunsta team, providing Daily GK Updates, Current Affairs Questions, and Monthly current affairs pdf.

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October 07 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs October 07

1. What is the significance of October 7 in the context of global agricultural trade?
A) International Rice Day
B) Global Tea Appreciation Day
C) World Cotton Day
D) World Wool Day
E) Global Fibre Day
Answer: C) World Cotton Day

Event and Location:

• Event: Global observance of World Cotton Day recognizing cotton’s role in global economy
• Location: Worldwide, with emphasis on Least Developed Countries (LDCs)
• Date: October 7, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The United Nations, based on a proposal by the Cotton-4 countries, officially designated October 7 as World Cotton Day to highlight the role of cotton in employment, trade, and sustainable development.
• Objectives:
  • To promote sustainable cotton production, ensure fairer trade participation for LDCs, and enhance global awareness of cotton’s contribution to economic stability and climate resilience.

Important Terms Explained:

• World Cotton Day:
  • A UN-recognized international observance held on October 7 to promote cotton’s importance in global trade, especially for smallholder farmers and LDCs.
• Cotton-4 Countries:
  • A group comprising Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, and Mali, later joined by Côte d’Ivoire, that advocated for fair trade practices and global recognition of cotton’s significance.
• UN Resolution A/RES/75/318:
  • A resolution passed by the United Nations General Assembly on August 30, 2021, officially designating October 7 as World Cotton Day.
• WTO (World Trade Organization):
  • The organization that hosted the first celebration of World Cotton Day in Geneva in 2019, promoting dialogue among stakeholders in the cotton value chain.
• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):
  • The event aligns with SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 8 (Decent Work), SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption), and SDG 13 (Climate Action).

Tabular Summary:

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2. Which government department organized national-level observances of World Cerebral Palsy Day 2025 in India?
A) Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
B) Department of Science and Technology
C) Ministry of Women and Child Development
D) Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities
E) Ministry of Human Resource Development
Answer: D) Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities

Event and Location:

• Event: Observance of World Cerebral Palsy Day 2025 with inclusive awareness programmes
• Location: Nationwide (Institutes in Odisha, Kolkata, Chennai, Tripura, Nellore, and Bhopal)
• Date: 6 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD) under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment organized World Cerebral Palsy Day 2025 through its National Institutes and Composite Regional Centers (CRCs).
• Objectives:
  • Raise awareness about Cerebral Palsy (CP)
  • Educate families, teachers, and communities about early intervention and mental health
  • Promote inclusion, dignity, and participation for individuals with CP
  • Celebrate the courage and achievements of children with CP and their families

Important Terms Explained:

• Cerebral Palsy (CP):
  • A group of permanent movement disorders appearing in early childhood due to abnormal brain development or damage during pregnancy or birth. It affects posture, balance, and coordination, making it the most common motor disability in children.
• Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD):
  • A department under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment responsible for implementing policies, welfare programmes, and awareness activities for persons with disabilities in India.
• Early Intervention:
  • A strategy to provide support services and therapy to children at an early age (usually 0-6 years) to reduce the impact of developmental delays or disorders like CP and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

Tabular Summary:

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs October 07

3. Which format is being used for the mixed team event at the BWF World Junior Championships 2025?
A) Knockout format
B) Best of three 21-point sets
C) Round robin format
D) Best of three relay-scoring format
E) Sudirman Cup format
Answer: D) Best of three relay-scoring format

Event and Location:

• Event: India begins campaign with a win at BWF World Junior Championships 2025 (Suhandinata Cup)
• Location: Guwahati, Assam, India
• Date: 6 October 2025 (Opening day of the championships)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • India, seeded second, defeated Nepal in their Group H opener in the mixed team event of the BWF World Junior Championships 2025 using the new relay-scoring format.
  • Sri Lanka staged a comeback win over the UAE in a close encounter, creating early drama in the group.
• Objectives:
  • To provide international exposure and competition to under-19 badminton players, prepare them for elite-level badminton, and test new relay-scoring formats to evaluate player adaptability and game dynamics.

Important Terms Explained:

• BWF World Junior Championships (Suhandinata Cup):
  • An annual mixed team and individual event conducted by the Badminton World Federation (BWF) for junior (U-19) shuttlers across the world.
• Relay-Scoring Format:
  • A new format where each tie consists of best of three sets up to 45 points, with five matches per set (Men’s Singles, Women’s Singles, Men’s Doubles, Women’s Doubles, Mixed Doubles).
  • Teams can substitute players between sets, making strategy more dynamic.
• Unnati Hooda:
  • An emerging Indian shuttler and China Open quarterfinalist, featured in this event for the first time under the relay format.

Tabular Summary:

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs October 07

4. Which organization has been recognized by RBI as the first Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO) for NBFCs?
A) MFIN
B) FACE
C) FIDC
D) Sa-Dhan
E) IBA
Answer: C) FIDC

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI recognizes FIDC as the first Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO) for the NBFC sector
• Location: India
• Date: 6 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI), under its Omnibus Framework for SROs (March 2024), granted formal recognition to the Finance Industry Development Council (FIDC) as the first SRO for NBFCs.
• Objectives:
  • To enhance sectoral self-regulation, promote ethical conduct, ensure regulatory compliance, support voluntary discipline among NBFCs, and improve coordination between the industry and the RBI for resilient growth.

Important Terms Explained:

• FIDC (Finance Industry Development Council):
  • An industry association representing over 400 NBFCs, including investment, housing finance, infrastructure, and factoring entities; now officially recognized as an SRO by the RBI.
• Self-Regulatory Organisation (SRO):
  • An industry body recognized by a regulator (in this case, RBI) to oversee and guide members in ethical practices, regulatory compliance, and dispute resolution.
• Omnibus Framework for SROs (March 2024):
  • A comprehensive guideline by the RBI outlining eligibility, responsibilities, and governance requirements for institutions seeking SRO status in various financial sectors.
• NBFC (Non-Banking Financial Company):
  • Financial entities that provide banking-like services such as loans, asset financing, and investments, but do not hold a banking license.

Tabular Summary:

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5. What is the key feature that differentiates India’s proposed digital currency from private cryptocurrencies, according to Piyush Goyal?
A) It is mined by private players
B) It is tax-free
C) It is backed by the Reserve Bank of India
D) It can be used for international trading only
E) It operates without blockchain
Answer: C) It is backed by the Reserve Bank of India

Event and Location:

• Event: Announcement of India’s upcoming RBI-backed digital currency
• Location: Doha, Qatar (during Piyush Goyal’s visit)
• Date: 7 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Union Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal announced that India will soon introduce a digital currency fully backed by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
• Objectives:
  • To ensure faster, safer, and more transparent financial transactions, reduce paper currency usage, improve traceability, and distinguish sovereign digital money from unregulated private cryptocurrencies.

Important Terms Explained:

• RBI-backed Digital Currency:
  • A central bank digital currency (CBDC) issued and guaranteed by the Reserve Bank of India, functioning as legal tender in electronic form, similar in value to traditional currency.
• Blockchain Technology:
  • A decentralized digital ledger used to record transactions across multiple computers, ensuring transparency, security, and traceability. This tech will underpin India’s digital currency system.
• Cryptocurrency:
  • A private digital asset such as Bitcoin, not backed by any sovereign institution, and highly volatile in nature. In India, such currencies are taxed but not banned.
• Stablecoins:
  • Digital currencies that are pegged to a stable asset or fiat currency, used in international markets (e.g., in the U.S. under the GENIUS Act) to reduce volatility.

Tabular Summary:

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6. Which bank launched Asia’s first prepaid Forex Card powered by Visa Infinite for business travellers in October 2025?
A) HDFC Bank
B) SBI
C) Axis Bank
D) ICICI Bank
E) Kotak Mahindra Bank
Answer: D) ICICI Bank

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Corporate Sapphiro Forex Card by ICICI Bank in partnership with Visa
• Location: Mumbai, India
• Date: 7 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • ICICI Bank, in partnership with Visa, has launched the Corporate Sapphiro Forex Card, the first prepaid Visa Infinite-powered card in Asia, aimed at business travellers and corporate leaders.
• Objectives:
  • To provide premium, multi-currency travel benefits with zero cross-currency markup, global convenience, and value-added privileges to Indian entrepreneurs and professionals travelling abroad.

Important Terms Explained:

• Forex Card (Foreign Exchange Card):
  • A prepaid card loaded with multiple foreign currencies, allowing safe and convenient international transactions while travelling.
• Visa Infinite:
  • Visa’s premium card platform, offering high-end benefits like luxury travel, global concierge services, preferential hotel and airline rates, and airport lounge access.
• InstaBIZ App:
  • ICICI Bank’s business banking mobile platform, which now allows entrepreneurs to digitally apply for, load, and activate the Corporate Sapphiro Forex Card instantly.
• eSIM (Embedded SIM):
  • A digital SIM that allows users to activate a cellular plan without a physical SIM card—offered free with the card for international connectivity.

Tabular Summary:

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7. What is the name of the new customizable health insurance product launched by SBI General Insurance in October 2025?
A) Health Secure
B) AlphaCare
C) Health Alpha
D) Smart Health
E) Suraksha Plus
Answer: C) Health Alpha

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Health Alpha, a customizable retail health insurance plan
• Location: Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Date: 7 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • SBI General Insurance launched Health Alpha, a fully customizable health insurance product with over 50 coverage options, including unique outpatient and cumulative bonus benefits.
• Objectives:
  • To provide affordable, flexible, and comprehensive health insurance solutions that address rising medical costs and promote preventive healthcare through tailored coverage.

Important Terms Explained:

• Health Alpha:
  • A retail health insurance product by SBI General Insurance offering customization, unlimited sum insured, and industry-first features like gym/sports injury outpatient cover and the “Endless Sum Insured” benefit.
• Endless Sum Insured:
  • A unique feature allowing one-time unlimited hospitalization expense coverage during the policy period after exhausting the base sum insured.
• Cumulative Bonus:
  • A reward for claim-free years; Health Alpha offers up to 10x cumulative bonus annually, significantly increasing the sum insured over time without added cost.
• Retail Health Insurance:
  • Insurance purchased directly by individuals (not through employers) to cover personal or family medical expenses including hospitalization, treatment, and preventive care.

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs October 07

8. Which engineering college signed an MoU with Bajaj Auto Limited to establish the Bajaj Engineering Skills Training (BEST) Centre?
A) PSG College of Technology
B) Vellore Institute of Technology
C) Thiagarajar College of Engineering
D) Coimbatore Institute of Technology
E) SRM Institute of Science and Technology
Answer: C) Thiagarajar College of Engineering

Event and Location:

• Event: MoU signed between TCE and Bajaj Auto to establish a skill training centre
• Location: Madurai, Tamil Nadu
• Date: 7 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Thiagarajar College of Engineering (TCE) signed an MoU with Bajaj Auto Limited to set up the Bajaj Engineering Skills Training (BEST) Centre on its campus.
• Objectives:
  • To create a Centre of Excellence in engineering skills development, benefiting not only TCE students but also learners from other engineering institutions across Tamil Nadu by providing hands-on training through advanced labs and facilities.

Important Terms Explained:

• MoU (Memorandum of Understanding):
  • A formal agreement between two parties—in this case, TCE and Bajaj Auto—to collaborate on a shared goal, such as establishing a skill development centre.
• BEST (Bajaj Engineering Skills Training) Centre:
  • An industry-academia initiative launched by Bajaj Auto Limited to provide state-of-the-art technical skill training through modern laboratories and curriculum support.
• Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR):
  • A business approach by which companies like Bajaj Auto contribute to societal goals—such as education and skill development—through strategic initiatives.

Tabular Summary:

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9. How much is ONGC investing in developing 172 onshore oil and gas wells in Andhra Pradesh, as per the recent green clearance?
A) ₹6,000 crore
B) ₹7,500 crore
C) ₹8,110 crore
D) ₹9,200 crore
E) ₹10,000 crore
Answer: C) ₹8,110 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: ONGC receives environmental clearance for a ₹8,110 crore onshore oil and gas development project
• Location: Eight PML blocks in Andhra Pradesh
• Date: Clearance recommended in September 2025; reported on 6 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) granted Environmental Clearance to ONGC to develop and produce oil and gas from 172 onshore wells in Andhra Pradesh.
• Objectives:
  • To enhance domestic hydrocarbon production, promote energy security, ensure compliance with environmental standards, and implement a sustainable Environment Management Plan (EMP) across operational sites.

Important Terms Explained:

• ONGC (Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd):
  • A Maharatna PSU under the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas engaged in oil and gas exploration and production across India.
• PML (Petroleum Mining Lease):
  • A government-issued lease granting rights to explore and extract oil or gas from specified land blocks.
• Environmental Clearance (EC):
  • A mandatory approval from the MoEFCC for large-scale industrial and infrastructure projects after evaluation of their potential environmental impact.
• EMP (Environment Management Plan):
  • A detailed action plan prepared by industries to mitigate adverse environmental impacts during the life cycle of the project.
• EAC (Expert Appraisal Committee):
  • A panel constituted by MoEFCC to evaluate and recommend environmental clearances based on technical and scientific assessments.

Tabular Summary:

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10. What is the issue size of Canara HSBC Life Insurance’s IPO scheduled to open on October 10, 2025?
A) ₹1,750 crore
B) ₹2,000 crore
C) ₹2,517 crore
D) ₹2,850 crore
E) ₹3,100 crore
Answer: C) ₹2,517 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of ₹2,517 crore IPO by Canara HSBC Life Insurance
• Location: Bengaluru, India (PAN-India offering)
• Date: Subscription opens on 10 October 2025 and closes on 14 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Canara HSBC Life Insurance has announced a ₹2,517 crore Initial Public Offering (IPO), structured entirely as an Offer for Sale (OFS) by its promoters — Canara Bank, HSBC Insurance (Asia-Pacific), and Punjab National Bank.
• Objectives:
  • To provide an exit route for promoters and early investors; no fresh capital will be raised. The proceeds from the issue will go to the selling shareholders, not the company.

Important Terms Explained:

• IPO (Initial Public Offering):
  • The first sale of shares by a company to the public through stock exchanges to raise capital or facilitate share divestment by promoters/investors.
• Offer for Sale (OFS):
  • A method where existing shareholders sell their stakes in the IPO. The company does not receive any proceeds from the offer.
• Price Band:
  • The range within which investors can bid for shares during the IPO. For this IPO, it’s ₹100–₹106 per share.
• Anchor Investors:
  • Institutional investors who subscribe to shares before the IPO opens to the public, helping build confidence in the offering.

Tabular Summary:

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs October 07

11. Which institution received the FICCI Higher Education Excellence Award 2025 for ‘Excellence in Creating Employment and Entrepreneurship’?
A) IIM Kozhikode
B) NIFT Delhi
C) KITTS
D) IGNOU
E) TISS Mumbai
Answer: C) KITTS

Event and Location:

• Event: KITTS honoured with FICCI Higher Education Excellence Award 2025
• Location: Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi
• Date: 6 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Kerala Institute for Tourism and Travel Studies (KITTS) received the Special Jury Award under the FICCI Higher Education Excellence Awards 2025 for its outstanding efforts in promoting employment and entrepreneurship.
• Objectives:
  • To recognize the contribution of higher education institutions in enhancing human resources development, fostering entrepreneurship, and aligning with industry needs in the tourism and hospitality sector.

Important Terms Explained:

• KITTS (Kerala Institute for Tourism and Travel Studies):
  • A premier institution under the Kerala Tourism Department, focusing on training, entrepreneurship, and HR development in the tourism and hospitality sector.
• FICCI (Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry):
  • An apex business chamber in India that promotes industry and economic growth. It also recognizes academic excellence through its annual Higher Education Excellence Awards.
• FICCI Higher Education Excellence Awards:
  • National awards instituted to honour higher education institutions for innovation, entrepreneurship, research excellence, and employability enhancement.

Tabular Summary:

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs October 07

12. India is set to sign a joint defence and security cooperation declaration with which country during Defence Minister Rajnath Singh’s visit?
A) United States
B) Japan
C) Australia
D) France
E) United Kingdom
Answer: C) Australia

Event and Location:

• Event: India and Australia to sign a Joint Defence and Security Cooperation Declaration
• Location: New Delhi (announcement); planned visit to Australia
• Date: 7 October 2025 (announcement)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Defence Minister Rajnath Singh is scheduled to visit Australia to sign a Joint Defence and Security Cooperation Declaration, aimed at enhancing strategic collaboration.
• Objectives:
  • To strengthen bilateral defence ties, promote defence production collaboration, and support Indo-Pacific stability through coordinated efforts in maritime security, defence manufacturing, and strategic partnerships.

Important Terms Explained:

• Joint Defence and Security Cooperation Declaration:
  • A formal agreement between two countries to expand collaboration in areas like joint military exercises, defence manufacturing, technology sharing, and strategic regional coordination.
• Indo-Pacific Stability:
  • A term that refers to maintaining peace, freedom of navigation, and balance of power in the Indo-Pacific region, a critical geopolitical zone for global trade and security.
• Defence Industrial Partnership:
  • Refers to initiatives between two nations to co-develop or co-produce defence equipment, enhancing self-reliance and reducing dependency on traditional Western suppliers.

Tabular Summary:

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Schemes – Daily Current Affairs October 07

13. What is the objective of the newly launched ‘Mhaje Ghar’ Yojana in Goa?
A) To provide employment to urban youth
B) To build new government housing for MLAs
C) To grant ownership rights to residents on government and community lands
D) To provide free electricity in rural areas
E) To promote homestays in tourist zones
Answer: C) To grant ownership rights to residents on government and community lands

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of ‘Mhaje Ghar’ Yojana for housing ownership rights in Goa
• Location: Taleigao, Goa (Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Indoor Stadium)
• Date: 7 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Goa Government launched the ‘Mhaje Ghar’ Yojana to regularise houses constructed on government and community lands and to legally transfer ownership rights to long-term occupants.
• Objectives:
  • To ensure legal security, dignity, and stability by providing land titles and ownership documentation to over 11 lakh residents, addressing decades-old land regularisation issues.

Important Terms Explained:

• Mhaje Ghar Yojana:
  • A flagship housing regularisation scheme by the Government of Goa that aims to provide ownership rights to residents living on government or community lands through legal recognition and documentation.
• Goa Land Revenue Code:
  • The legal framework in Goa governing land classification, ownership, mutation, and revenue collection; used as part of legal validation in the scheme.
• Goa Regularisation of Unauthorized Constructions Act:
  • State legislation that enables the regularisation of illegal constructions under defined parameters and safety guidelines.
• Forest Rights Act:
  • A central legislation providing land and resource rights to traditional forest dwellers, referenced in the context of recognising land rights under this scheme.

Tabular Summary:

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14. What has been made mandatory for MGNREGA job card holders in Mysuru Taluk as per the latest directive?
A) Mobile number linking
B) e-KYC update
C) Aadhaar card renewal
D) PAN card submission
E) Ration card validation
Answer: B) e-KYC update

Event and Location:

• Event: Mandatory e-KYC for MGNREGA job card holders in Mysuru
• Location: Mysuru Taluk, Karnataka
• Date: 6 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Executive Officer C. Krishna announced that e-KYC is compulsory for all active MGNREGA job card holders in Mysuru Taluk. The process is being carried out in all 27 Gram Panchayats.
• Objectives:
  • To ensure accurate beneficiary identification, eliminate duplicate entries, enhance transparency, and ensure timely wage disbursement under the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGA).

Important Terms Explained:

• MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act):
  • A flagship rural employment scheme guaranteeing 100 days of wage employment per year to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.
• e-KYC (Electronic Know Your Customer):
  • A digital process to verify a person’s identity using Aadhaar and biometric/demographic information to ensure authenticity and prevent fraud in government schemes.
• Gram Panchayat:
  • The grassroots-level institution of governance in India’s rural areas, responsible for local administration, including implementation of MGNREGA.

Tabular Summary:

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15. What major pension-related scheme did the Assam Cabinet approve on October 6, 2025, for state government employees?
A) Old Age Pension Scheme
B) General Provident Scheme
C) Unified Pension Scheme
D) Prayas Pension Scheme
E) Universal Retirement Fund
Answer: C) Unified Pension Scheme

Event and Location:

• Event: Assam Cabinet approves Unified Pension Scheme (UPS) and other welfare and infrastructure decisions
• Location: Guwahati, Assam
• Date: 6 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Unified Pension Scheme (UPS) was introduced as an option under the National Pension System (NPS) for Assam state government employees.
  • Approval was also granted for multiple infrastructure, healthcare, education, and welfare projects.
• Objectives:
  • To ensure old age security for state government employees through a non-market-linked pension option, and to enhance healthcare, rural connectivity, education access, and disaster-resilient infrastructure across Assam.

Important Terms Explained:

• Unified Pension Scheme (UPS):
  • A new pension option introduced for Assam government employees under the NPS umbrella, aimed at providing assured retirement benefits not linked to market fluctuations.
• ASTHA Project (Assam State Tertiary Healthcare Augmentation):
  • A ₹4,287 crore initiative to improve tertiary care infrastructure, including construction of a new Gauhati Medical College & Hospital campus and enhancement of hospital systems.
• ARRBP (Assam Resilient Rural Bridges Programme):
  • A ₹4,816.31 crore project focused on building climate-resilient rural bridges to enhance connectivity in disaster-prone areas.
• Orunodoi 3.0 Scheme:
  • A Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) welfare scheme in Assam that provides monthly financial support to economically weaker households.

Tabular Summary:

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16. Which scheme launched in 2019 to promote solar energy use in agriculture is likely to get its implementation deadline extended again?
A) PM-KUSUM
B) PM-Surya Urja
C) National Solar Mission
D) PM-SAMPADA
E) Solar Krishi Yojana
Answer: A) PM-KUSUM

Event and Location:

• Event: Union Government likely to extend the deadline for PM-KUSUM Scheme
• Location: India (Nationwide)
• Date: 7 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) may further extend the PM-KUSUM scheme beyond March 2026 due to the poor performance of several components, especially Component A and C.
• Objectives:
  • To promote solar energy adoption in agriculture, reduce diesel pump usage, increase farmer income, and install a cumulative solar capacity of 34,800 MW, with Central financial support of ₹34,422 crore.

Important Terms Explained:

• PM-KUSUM (Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan):
  • A flagship solar energy scheme launched in 2019 aimed at providing financial and infrastructure support to farmers for installing solar power plants and pumps.
• Component A:
  • Installation of 10,000 MW of grid-connected small solar power plants on barren/fallow lands.
• Component B:
  • Installation of 14 lakh off-grid standalone solar-powered agriculture pumps.
• Component C:
  • Solarisation of 35 lakh grid-connected agriculture pumps, split into:
    • IPS (Individual Pump Solarisation)
    • FLS (Feeder Level Solarisation)
• MNRE (Ministry of New and Renewable Energy):
  • Nodal ministry responsible for renewable energy development in India, including solar, wind, hydro, and bioenergy initiatives.

Tabular Summary:

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17. Which campaign phase has been launched by the Government of India focusing on technology-enabled cleanliness and ‘waste to wealth’ methodologies?
A) Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0
B) Swachhta Abhiyan 4.0
C) Swachhta Campaign 5.0
D) Clean India Drive 2025
E) Mission Green India 2025
Answer: C) Swachhta Campaign 5.0

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch and promotion of Swachhta Campaign 5.0 integrating technology and waste-to-wealth initiatives
• Location: New Delhi (Central Government Ministries and Departments)
• Date: 7 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Launch and observance of Special Campaign 5.0 from 2nd to 31st October 2025
  • Incorporation of technology-driven waste management, e-waste recycling, and waste-to-wealth models
  • Ministries encouraged to reduce pendency, improve cleanliness, and promote digital innovation
• Objectives:
  • Promote self-reliance and reduce dependence on imports by encouraging indigenous recycling solutions
  • Transform Swachhta into a daily habit by making it tech-enabled and economically viable
  • Enable ministries and public institutions to adopt digital systems, reprocess e-waste, and improve operational transparency
  • Encourage use of treated wastewater and ethanol from cooking oil as examples of sustainable practices

Important Terms Explained:

• Swachhta Campaign 5.0:
  • The fifth phase of the Government of India’s annual Special Campaign for Swachhta (cleanliness), being observed from October 2 to 31, 2025 across ministries, with a focus on clean governance, pendency reduction, and tech-led cleanliness initiatives.
• Waste to Wealth:
  • A strategy to convert various forms of waste—solid, liquid, or electronic—into usable resources like energy, fuel, fertilizer, or recycled products, contributing to both environmental sustainability and economic value.
• E-Waste Recycling:
  • The process of collecting and processing electronic waste (e.g., computers, phones, lab devices) to recover valuable materials and reduce environmental hazards. It supports the circular economy and sustainable development.
• Digital Innovations in Governance:
  • Use of system-based dashboards, e-filing, and data analytics for improved service delivery, transparency, and monitoring of public schemes and operations.

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs October 07

18. What is the revised last date for submitting comments on TRAI’s draft Telecommunication (Broadcasting and Cable) Services Interconnection (Addressable Systems) (Seventh Amendment) Regulations, 2025?
A) 10 October 2025
B) 12 October 2025
C) 14 October 2025
D) 16 October 2025
E) 18 October 2025
Answer: C) 14 October 2025

Event and Location:

• Event: Extension of deadline for stakeholder comments on TRAI’s draft cable regulations
• Location: India (National Jurisdiction)
• Date: 7 October 2025 (Extension Announced)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) extended the deadline for receiving written stakeholder comments on the Seventh Amendment of the Telecommunication (Broadcasting and Cable) Services Interconnection (Addressable Systems) Regulations, 2025.
• Objectives:
  • To allow more time for stakeholders to provide feedback and ensure wider public consultation on the regulatory framework for addressable systems in the broadcasting and cable sector.

Important Terms Explained:

• TRAI (Telecom Regulatory Authority of India):
  • A statutory body established to regulate telecom services in India, including broadcasting and cable services, ensuring transparency, fairness, and consumer protection.
• Interconnection Regulations (Addressable Systems):
  • A set of TRAI regulations that govern how broadcasters and distributors (like cable operators and DTH providers) interact, focusing on pricing, transparency, and access in addressable TV systems.
• Seventh Amendment, 2025:
  • The latest draft proposal by TRAI to amend existing interconnection regulations, currently under consultation to receive industry and public feedback before implementation.

Tabular Summary:

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19. Where was Arunachal Pradesh’s first commercial coal mine inaugurated in October 2025?
A) Roing
B) Tawang
C) Namchik-Namphuk
D) Bomdila
E) Aalo
Answer: C) Namchik-Namphuk

Event and Location:

• Event: Inauguration of Arunachal Pradesh’s first commercial coal mine
• Location: Namchik-Namphuk, Longtom, Changlang district, Arunachal Pradesh
• Date: 6 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Namchik-Namphuk coal mine was formally inaugurated with the handover of the mining lease and the ceremonial flag-off of operations by Union Coal Minister G. Kishan Reddy and CM Pema Khandu.
• Objectives:
  • To initiate resource-based economic growth in Arunachal Pradesh, generate over ₹100 crore in annual revenue, create jobs, and develop local industries through coal extraction and allied operations.

Important Terms Explained:

• Namchik-Namphuk Coal Mine:
  • Arunachal Pradesh’s first commercial coal mining operation, located in Changlang district, with an estimated reserve of 1.5 crore tonnes of coal.
• District Mineral Fund (DMF):
  • A statutory fund where a portion of mining revenue is allocated for the welfare of people affected by mining operations, especially in mineral-rich districts.
• CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility):
  • Mandatory initiatives undertaken by companies to contribute to social development. The mine’s CSR includes programs in education, healthcare, and employment for local villagers.
• North Eastern Coalfields:
  • A unit of Coal India Limited, whose operations were previously active in the region but ceased in 1996, leading to the suspension of mining in Namchik-Namphuk until this revival.

Tabular Summary:

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20. What is the name of the first operational stretch of the Patna Metro Rail inaugurated in October 2025?
A) Patliputra Corridor
B) Express Route
C) Central Metro Line
D) Priority Corridor
E) Urban Loop Line
Answer: D) Priority Corridor

Event and Location:

• Event: Inauguration of the first phase of the Patna Metro Rail Service
• Location: Patna, Bihar
• Date: 8 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar inaugurated the Priority Corridor of the Patna Metro, covering 3.6 km between New Pataliputra Inter-State Bus Terminal (ISBT) and Bhootnath Station.
• Objectives:
  • To enhance urban mobility, reduce traffic congestion in Patna, and introduce safe, efficient, and modern rapid transit infrastructure for the city’s residents.

Important Terms Explained:

• Priority Corridor:
  • The first operational stretch of the Patna Metro, a 3.6 km elevated route from ISBT to Bhootnath Station, marking the beginning of metro rail operations in Bihar.
• Patna Metro Rail Project:
  • A major infrastructure project launched by PM Narendra Modi in February 2019, aimed at transforming Patna’s public transport system with multiple metro lines.
• B-SAP (Bihar State Auxiliary Police):
  • A state paramilitary police force entrusted with providing security for metro operations, ensuring commuter safety and infrastructure protection.

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21. Which Indian state aims to become a zero-garbage state by January 1, 2026, as announced by CM Chandrababu Naidu?
A) Tamil Nadu
B) Karnataka
C) Telangana
D) Andhra Pradesh
E) Maharashtra
Answer: D) Andhra Pradesh

Event and Location:

• Event: Andhra Pradesh announces goal to become a zero-garbage state
• Location: Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh
• Date: 6 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Chief Minister N. Chandrababu Naidu announced that Andhra Pradesh will become a zero-garbage state by January 1, 2026, during the Swachha Andhra Awards 2025 ceremony.
• Objectives:
  • To transform the state’s urban and rural areas through solid waste management, eliminate accumulated garbage, reverse neglect from previous administrations, and promote cleanliness and hygiene across Andhra Pradesh.

Important Terms Explained:

• Zero-Garbage State:
  • A goal where all municipal solid waste is either processed, recycled, or scientifically disposed of, ensuring no visible garbage in public spaces or dumping sites.
• Swachha Andhra Awards:
  • A state-level initiative recognizing the best-performing local bodies and institutions in implementing cleanliness, sanitation, and waste management practices.
• Garbage Tax:
  • A levy reportedly introduced by the previous administration to manage waste collection, which, according to the current CM, failed to achieve proper waste disposal and led to accumulation.

Tabular Summary:

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22. Which state recently announced a ₹1,100 crore development package for Nuapada ahead of an assembly bypoll?
A) Chhattisgarh
B) Jharkhand
C) Odisha
D) Madhya Pradesh
E) Bihar
Answer: C) Odisha

Event and Location:

• Event: Announcement of a ₹1,100 crore development package and urban upgrades for Nuapada district
• Location: Nuapada, Odisha
• Date: 6 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Odisha Chief Minister Mohan Majhi announced a ₹1,100 crore development package for Nuapada district and approved the urban status upgradation of three key areas ahead of the November 11 by-election.
• Objectives:
  • To accelerate regional development, boost infrastructure, provide urban facilities to rural areas, and strengthen public support in Nuapada ahead of the assembly bypoll following the demise of MLA Rajendra Dholakia.

Important Terms Explained:

• Notified Area Council (NAC):
  • An urban administrative body for a town that is in transition from a rural to urban area; upgraded to municipality status as part of this package.
• Development Package:
  • A planned government investment initiative to improve infrastructure, civic amenities, and economic opportunities in a particular district or region.
• Bypoll (By-election):
  • An election held to fill a political office that has become vacant between general elections, in this case, due to the passing of Rajendra Dholakia, former MLA from Nuapada.

Tabular Summary:

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23. Where was India’s first Cybersecurity Finishing School launched by CySecK on October 6, 2025?
A) IIT Madras
B) NIT Trichy
C) IISc Bengaluru
D) IIIT Hyderabad
E) BITS Pilani
Answer: C) IISc Bengaluru

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of India’s first Cybersecurity Finishing School by CySecK
• Location: Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, Karnataka
• Date: 6 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Centre of Excellence for Cybersecurity-Karnataka (CySecK) launched the Cybersecurity Finishing School and commenced training with the first cohort of 50 selected students.
• Objectives:
  • To bridge the gap between academic knowledge and industry needs in the cybersecurity sector by offering hands-on, advanced technical training and industry-relevant skills to aspiring cybersecurity professionals.

Important Terms Explained:

• CySecK (Centre of Excellence for Cybersecurity – Karnataka):
  • An initiative supported by the Government of Karnataka to promote cybersecurity innovation, research, and skill development, hosted at IISc, Bengaluru.
• Cybersecurity Finishing School:
  • A specialised training program designed to “finish” or polish students with practical, real-world cybersecurity knowledge, making them job-ready for the growing cybersecurity industry.
• IISc (Indian Institute of Science):
  • A premier research institution in India, located in Bengaluru, known for advanced scientific and technological education and research.

Tabular Summary:

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24. How much total assistance has the Centre approved from NDRF for Assam and Gujarat for 2024 flood and landslip damages?
A) ₹500 crore
B) ₹707.97 crore
C) ₹600 crore
D) ₹800 crore
E) ₹450 crore
Answer: B) ₹707.97 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: Central Government approves ₹707.97 crore for flood and landslip relief in Assam and Gujarat
• Location: Assam and Gujarat, India
• Date: 7 October 2025 (Approval Announced)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • A High-Level Committee (HLC) chaired by Union Home Minister Amit Shah approved ₹707.97 crore of additional central assistance for Assam and Gujarat, which were affected by floods and landslides in 2024.
• Objectives:
  • To support post-disaster relief and rehabilitation efforts in the affected regions through financial assistance from the National Disaster Response Fund (NDRF), aiding infrastructure recovery, compensation, and immediate relief.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Disaster Response Fund (NDRF):
  • A Central fund constituted under the Disaster Management Act, 2005, used to provide relief and rehabilitation assistance during severe natural disasters when State Disaster Response Funds (SDRFs) fall short.
• High-Level Committee (HLC):
  • A central government committee chaired by the Union Home Minister, responsible for evaluating and approving additional disaster relief funds for states based on recommendations from inter-ministerial teams.
• Flood and Landslip Relief Assistance:
  • Financial aid provided by the Centre to help states deal with natural calamities like floods and landslides, covering rescue operations, temporary shelters, medical assistance, and infrastructure restoration.

Tabular Summary:

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25. Which Indian state is aiming to lead in digital agriculture by leveraging AI, IoT, and data systems, as per its IT Minister in October 2025?
A) Karnataka
B) Maharashtra
C) Telangana
D) Andhra Pradesh
E) Gujarat
Answer: C) Telangana

Event and Location:

• Event: Telangana government expresses vision to lead in digital agriculture innovation
• Location: Hyderabad, Telangana
• Date: 7 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Telangana IT and Industries Minister D. Sridhar Babu met with representatives of Germany’s Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute (HHI) to discuss collaboration in digital agriculture technologies.
• Objectives:
  • To make agriculture more profitable, sustainable, and climate-resilient using Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and advanced data-driven systems, while reducing input costs and chemical usage.

Important Terms Explained:

• Digital Agriculture:
  • The integration of modern technologies such as AI, IoT, drones, satellite data, and big data analytics to improve farming efficiency, sustainability, and crop productivity.
• Artificial Intelligence (AI):
  • A branch of computer science that enables machines to mimic human intelligence, used in agriculture for predictive analytics, pest detection, yield forecasting, etc.
• Internet of Things (IoT):
  • A network of connected devices that collect and exchange data. In agriculture, IoT enables soil sensors, climate monitors, and smart irrigation systems.
• Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute (HHI):
  • A German research institution under the Fraunhofer Society, specializing in digital signal processing, communication technologies, and applied innovation, now exploring collaborations in Indian agriculture.

Tabular Summary:

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Over All Review

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