Daily Current Affairs October 04

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October 04 | Daily Current Affairs 2024

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs October 04

1. When is World Animal Day observed, and what is the theme for 2024?
A) October 2, “Save the Wildlife”
B) September 5, “Protect the Animals”
C) October 4, “The world is their home too”
D) November 12, “Care for Animals”
E) October 6, “Animals Matter”
Answer: C) October 4, “The world is their home too”

Event and Location:

• Event: World Animal Day 2024 focuses on raising awareness for animal rights, welfare, and conservation.
• Location: Globally observed.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: World Animal Day promotes awareness of animal rights, fosters compassion, and urges individuals and organizations to take action in animal welfare.
• Objectives: The aim is to protect animals by educating people on issues like habitat destruction, poaching, and climate change, and inspiring them to take concrete actions to safeguard animal well-being.

Important Terms Explained:

• Animal rights: The idea that animals should be treated with respect, free from cruelty, and recognized as sentient beings.
• Wildlife conservation: Efforts to protect endangered species and their habitats to ensure biodiversity and the survival of species in the wild.
• Theme 2024: “The world is their home too” underscores the importance of seeing animals as integral parts of the ecosystem, deserving of protection.

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2. What are the dates for World Space Week, and what was the key event commemorated on October 4, 1957?
A) October 1-7, launch of Apollo 11
B) October 4-10, launch of Sputnik 1
C) November 1-7, first human on the Moon
D) September 15-22, first satellite launch
E) October 10-15, Mars landing
Answer: B) October 4-10, launch of Sputnik 1

Event and Location:

• Event: World Space Week (WSW) is an annual international celebration held every October 4-10 to commemorate two key milestones in space exploration.
• Location: Globally observed.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The United Nations General Assembly declared World Space Week in 1999 to highlight the importance of space in improving the human condition.
• Objectives:
  • Provide leverage in space education and outreach.
  • Raise awareness of the benefits of space for sustainable economic development.
  • Excite young people about STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) fields.
  • Foster international cooperation in space exploration.

Important Terms Explained:

• Sputnik 1: The first artificial Earth satellite, launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, marking the start of the space age.
• Outer Space Treaty (1967): An agreement governing the exploration and use of outer space, emphasizing peaceful purposes and cooperation among nations.

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs October 04

3. What was the primary reason for Sri Lankan cricketer Praveen Jayawickrama receiving a one-year ban from all forms of cricket?
A) Performance-enhancing drug use
B) Failing to report an approach to fix matches
C) Breaching the Sri Lankan cricket team’s code of conduct
D) Poor on-field behavior
E) Injury concerns
Answer: B) Failing to report an approach to fix matches

Event and Location:

• Event: Praveen Jayawickrama was banned for violating the ICC Anti-Corruption Code.
• Location: Sri Lanka, under the authority of the International Cricket Council (ICC).

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The ICC Anti-Corruption Code aims to protect the integrity of cricket by penalizing corruption-related violations.
• Objectives: Jayawickrama failed to report a match-fixing approach and also obstructed the investigation. This penalty ensures adherence to anti-corruption rules and deters future violations.

Important Terms Explained:

• Anti-Corruption Code: A rule set established by the ICC to curb corrupt practices in cricket, including match-fixing and betting.
• Suspension: Jayawickrama’s one-year ban, with six months suspended, requires compliance for reinstatement.
• Match-fixing: An attempt to influence the outcome of a match by illegal means, typically through bribery or external influence.

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs October 04

4. What is the objective of the newly launched Axis Nifty500 Value 50 Index Fund?
A) To replicate the performance of Nifty Midcap 100 Index
B) To track the performance of Nifty50 Index
C) To replicate the performance of Nifty500 Value 50 Total Return Index
D) To invest in government bonds
E) To track global equity markets
Answer: C) To replicate the performance of Nifty500 Value 50 Total Return Index

Event and Location:

• Event: Axis Mutual Fund launched the Axis Nifty500 Value 50 Index Fund, an open-ended index fund.
• Location: The New Fund Offer (NFO) opens on October 4, 2024, and closes on October 18, 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Axis Nifty500 Value 50 Index Fund aims to replicate the performance of the Nifty500 Value 50 Total Return Index (TRI).
• Objectives:
  • The goal of the fund is to provide returns that closely correspond to the performance of the Nifty500 Value 50 Index, which focuses on the top 50 value companies within the Nifty500 universe.

Important Terms Explained:

• Nifty500 Value 50 Total Return Index (TRI): An index representing the top 50 value stocks selected from the broader Nifty500 Index, focusing on stocks considered undervalued based on their price-to-book and other financial metrics.
• Open-ended fund: A mutual fund that allows investors to enter and exit the fund anytime, unlike closed-ended funds that have a fixed lock-in period.

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs October 04

5. Who will take office as Mexico’s first woman president in October 2024?
A) Jill Biden
B) Claudia Sheinbaum
C) Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva
D) Kamala Harris
E) Angela Merkel
Answer: B) Claudia Sheinbaum

Event and Location:

• Event: Claudia Sheinbaum will be sworn in as Mexico’s first woman president.
• Location: Mexico, with the inauguration event expected to include international dignitaries.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Sheinbaum has pledged to continue the left-wing reform agenda of her ruling party, which emphasizes social welfare, poverty reduction, and addressing inequality.
• Objectives: Her presidency is aimed at tackling Mexico’s growing criminal violence and strengthening the country’s governance.

Important Terms Explained:

• Left-wing reform agenda: Policies focused on social equality, progressive taxation, public welfare programs, and reducing income disparities.
• Criminal violence: Refers to the escalating violence, often tied to organized crime and drug cartels, which has become a significant issue in Mexico.

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs October 04

6. Which astronauts were onboard NASA’s SpaceX Crew-9 mission to the International Space Station launched in September 2024?
A) Michael Barratt and Alexey Ovchinin
B) Nick Hague and Aleksandr Gorbunov
C) Jeanette Epps and Suni Williams
D) Butch Wilmore and Ivan Vagner
E) Don Pettit and Matthew Dominick
Answer: B) Nick Hague and Aleksandr Gorbunov

Event and Location:

• Event: NASA’s SpaceX Crew-9 mission launched successfully aboard a Falcon 9 rocket, carrying astronauts Nick Hague (NASA) and Aleksandr Gorbunov (Roscosmos).
• Location: The mission was launched from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, Florida, on September 28, 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Crew-9 is the ninth crew rotation mission under NASA’s Commercial Crew Program.
  • The crew will join the Expedition 72 team on the International Space Station (ISS) for a five-month stay.
• Objectives:
  • Conduct over 200 scientific investigations, such as:
    • Blood clotting studies in microgravity.
    • Investigations into how moisture affects plant growth in space.
    • Studies on vision changes in astronauts during space missions.
  • Continue supporting NASA’s goals for long-duration missions under the Artemis program, including missions to the Moon.

Important Terms Explained:

• SpaceX Dragon: A spacecraft designed for crewed missions to the ISS as part of NASA’s Commercial Crew Program.
• Expedition 72: A long-term mission on the ISS involving international astronauts conducting research and technology tests.

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs October 04

7. Which two companies formed a joint venture named BEL IAI AeroSystems Private Ltd to support Medium Range Surface-to-Air Missile (MRSAM) systems in India?
A) Tata and Boeing
B) Bharat Electronics and Israel Aerospace Industries
C) DRDO and Lockheed Martin
D) HAL and Dassault Aviation
E) Reliance and Rafael
Answer: B) Bharat Electronics and Israel Aerospace Industries

Event and Location:

• Event: Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) and Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) have formed a joint venture named BEL IAI AeroSystems Private Ltd.
• Location: The joint venture is headquartered in Delhi, India.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The joint venture aims to provide long-term product support for the Medium Range Surface-to-Air Missile (MRSAM) systems used by India’s defense forces.
• Objectives:
  • Offer comprehensive life cycle support for MRSAM systems, including technical and maintenance services.
  • Strengthen India’s defense capabilities and align with the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative by promoting self-reliance in defense manufacturing.

Important Terms Explained:

• MRSAM (Medium Range Surface-to-Air Missile): A missile system developed jointly by IAI and India’s DRDO to counter various aerial threats. It includes advanced radar, mobile launchers, and interceptors.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat: An initiative by the Indian government to promote self-reliance in various sectors, including defense.

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs October 04

8. Which agreement was signed between India and the US during the 6th India-US Commercial Dialogue in 2024?
A) MoU on Digital Cooperation
B) MoU on Expanding and Diversifying Critical Mineral Supply Chains
C) MoU on Renewable Energy Development
D) MoU on Defense Collaboration
E) MoU on Educational Exchange Programs
Answer: B) MoU on Expanding and Diversifying Critical Mineral Supply Chains

Event and Location:

• Event: The 6th India-US Commercial Dialogue was held in Washington D.C., co-chaired by Shri Piyush Goyal, India’s Commerce and Industry Minister, and Gina Raimondo, U.S. Secretary of Commerce.
• Location: U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington D.C.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The primary purpose of the Commercial Dialogue is to improve business and investment climates between India and the U.S., with a focus on new and emerging technologies.
  • The two countries identified key priority areas:
    1. Supply Chain Resilience
    2. Climate and Clean Technology Cooperation
    3. Inclusive Digital Growth
    4. Standards and Conformance Cooperation
• Objectives:
  • Critical Mineral Supply Chains: Under the Supply Chain Resilience track, India and the U.S. signed an MoU to “Expand and Diversify Critical Mineral Supply Chains.” This agreement facilitates cooperation on exploring, extracting, processing, and recycling critical minerals, which are essential for technology and clean energy sectors.

Important Terms Explained:

• Critical Mineral Supply Chains: These are supply chains for minerals like lithium, cobalt, and rare earth elements that are essential for manufacturing electronic devices, renewable energy systems, and advanced technologies.
• Supply Chain Resilience: Efforts to build stronger and more adaptable supply chains that can withstand disruptions, especially in critical sectors like technology and energy.

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs October 04

9. Where was GAIL’s first CBG (Compressed Biogas) plant inaugurated, and what technology is used in its purification process?
A) Gujarat, Water Scrubbing Technology
B) Uttar Pradesh, Membrane Technology
C) Jharkhand, Water Scrubbing Technology
D) Madhya Pradesh, Cryogenic Technology
E) Bihar, Pressure Swing Adsorption
Answer: C) Jharkhand, Water Scrubbing Technology

Event and Location:

• Event: Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated GAIL’s first CBG (Compressed Biogas) plant on Swachh Bharat Diwas, 2024.
• Location: The plant is located at Ranchi, Jharkhand, specifically at the Jhir dumping site, Mouza Jhiri.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The plant processes 150 tonnes of municipal solid waste to produce 5,000 kg of bio-CNG and 25 tons of bio manure daily.
  • The biogas generated will be used to fuel over 600 vehicles per day at nearby CNG stations, supporting the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative.
• Objectives:
  • Promote the use of clean and green fuel.
  • Boost local employment, support rural economies, and reduce India’s reliance on fossil fuels.

Important Terms Explained:

• Water Scrubbing Technology: A biogas purification method used to remove impurities like carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide by using water.
• Circular Economy: A system where resources, such as waste, are reused, recycled, and repurposed for further production.

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10. What is the total capacity of green energy projects Anil Ambani’s Reliance Group will develop in Bhutan?
A) 1,000 MW
B) 500 MW
C) 1,270 MW
D) 770 MW
E) 2,452 MW
Answer: C) 1,270 MW

Event and Location:

• Event: Anil Ambani’s Reliance Group signed a $1 billion deal for Bhutan’s largest green energy projects.
• Location: Bhutan, focusing on renewable energy, including solar and hydroelectric power projects.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The project involves the development of 1,270 MW of green energy, comprising:
    • 500 MW solar power plant in Gelephu Mindfulness City, to be constructed in two phases of 250 MW each.
    • 770 MW Chamkharchhu-1 hydroelectric project, under Bhutan’s run-of-the-river concession model.
• Objectives:
  • Support Bhutan’s net-zero goals by leveraging green technologies for renewable energy generation.
  • Promote long-term collaboration between India and Bhutan in the energy sector, contributing to economic development and Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness Index.

Important Terms Explained:

• Green Energy: Energy derived from renewable sources like solar and hydroelectric power that have minimal environmental impact.
• Run-of-the-river plants: Hydroelectric power stations that generate electricity without the need for large reservoirs, minimizing environmental impact.
• Net-zero goals: Bhutan’s ambition to balance carbon emissions with measures that reduce or offset greenhouse gas output.

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11. How much natural gas can be produced per day from the Bio-CNG plant at Lal Tipara Gaushala in Gwalior?
A) 1 tonne
B) 2 tonnes
C) 3 tonnes
D) 5 tonnes
E) 10 tonnes
Answer: C) 3 tonnes

Event and Location:

• Event: Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Lal Tipara Gaushala along with a Bio-CNG plant in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, on Swachhta Diwas (October 2, 2024).
• Location: Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Bio-CNG plant at the gaushala can produce 3 tonnes of natural gas per day using 100 tonnes of cow dung.
  • The project is a collaboration with the Indian Oil Corporation (IOC).
  • The plant will also produce 20 tonnes of organic manure daily.
• Objectives:
  • Promote sustainable energy solutions through the use of Bio-CNG from cow dung.
  • Support the Swachh Bharat Mission by ensuring effective waste management and renewable energy generation.

Important Terms Explained:

• Bio-CNG plant: A facility that produces compressed biogas (CBG) from organic waste, such as cow dung, which can be used as an alternative fuel source.
• Swachhta Diwas: Celebrated on October 2 each year to commemorate Gandhi Jayanti and promote cleanliness and sanitation under the Swachh Bharat Mission.
• Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): A business initiative where companies allocate funds for social and environmental projects, such as the gaushala funded by IOC’s CSR.

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12. Which organizations signed an MoU to promote solar power usage in health research facilities across India?
A) Indian Council of Medical Research and BHEL
B) NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam and WHO
C) NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam and Indian Council of Medical Research
D) DRDO and NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam
E) Indian Council of Medical Research and ONGC
Answer: C) NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam and Indian Council of Medical Research

Event and Location:

• Event: The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam (NVVN) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to promote solar power usage in health research facilities across India.
• Location: India, impacting 15 ICMR institutes nationwide.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The agreement involves NVVN supplying, installing, testing, commissioning, and maintaining rooftop solar panels across 15 ICMR institutes.
  • The total solar capacity installed under this agreement will be 4,559 KW.
• Objectives:
  • Support India’s renewable energy goals and contribute to the Atmanirbhar Bharat vision for a sustainable and self-reliant healthcare sector.
  • Provide long-term cost efficiency through a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA), ensuring a fixed solar tariff for the next 25 years.

Important Terms Explained:

• Atmanirbhar Bharat: A vision for India to become self-reliant in various sectors, including energy, economy, and industry.
• Power Purchase Agreement (PPA): A long-term contract between a renewable energy provider and a buyer, ensuring a fixed tariff for energy generated over a period of time.
• Carbon footprint: The total amount of greenhouse gases emitted by an entity, including organizations, due to their activities.

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13. What is the primary objective of the MoU signed between Amazon and India Post?
A) To introduce same-day delivery
B) To scale nationwide delivery capabilities
C) To offer drone-based delivery
D) To introduce a new payment gateway
E) To focus on international shipping
Answer: B) To scale nationwide delivery capabilities

Event and Location:

• Event: Amazon and India Post signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to enhance Amazon’s nationwide delivery capabilities.
• Location: The MoU was signed in Bengaluru, with an aim to expand Amazon’s logistics network across India.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The MoU enables Amazon to leverage India Post’s extensive postal network to reach every pin code in India.
  • This partnership enhances Amazon’s ability to facilitate cash-on-delivery and integrate delivery solutions across the country.
• Objectives:
  • Amazon’s logistics network has expanded, with pickup points growing from 6 locations to 13 locations nationwide.
  • The partnership allows Amazon to become the first e-commerce company to offer a fully integrated end-to-end cash-on-delivery solution with India Post, further improving its logistics and delivery infrastructure.

Important Terms Explained:

• Cash-on-Delivery: A payment method where customers pay for goods at the time of delivery, rather than in advance.
• MoU (Memorandum of Understanding): A formal agreement between two parties outlining mutual goals and commitments, but not legally binding.

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