Daily Current Affairs October 01

Dear Champions, as you all know that a lot of competitive exams have been notified consequently. Candidates have to prepare themselves according to the level of competition and expectation of the Recruitment board. Regarding that one of the most important topic is Daily Current Affairs October 01. Current Affairs in the form of contemporary events of national & international play a crucial role in almost every competitive exams like Banking, Insurance, SSC, UPSC, TNPSC, Railway etc.

Current affairs are the most dynamic yet scoring among all sections and need to be prepared from the right source. Here, we cafunsta team, providing Daily GK Updates, Current Affairs Questions, and Monthly current affairs pdf.

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October 01 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Sports – Daily Current Affairs October 01

1. What milestone did Sumit Antil achieve at the 2025 World Para Athletics Championships in Delhi?
A) Broke the world record for F44 javelin
B) Won gold in discus throw for the first time
C) Secured his third consecutive world title in F64 javelin
D) Became the first Indian to win five medals in a single event
E) Won gold in F56 seated javelin throw
Answer: C) Secured his third consecutive world title in F64 javelin

Event and Location:

• Event: Record medal haul by India at the World Para Athletics Championships 2025
• Location: Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Delhi-NCR, India
• Date: October 1, 2025 (event concluded the previous evening)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • India’s para athletes delivered their best single-day performance at the 2025 World Para Athletics Championships, winning 2 gold, 1 silver, and 1 bronze in javelin and discus events.
  • Notable performances came from Sumit Antil, Yogesh Kathuniya, Sandip Sanjay Sargar, and Sandeep Chaudhary.
• Objectives:
  • To showcase India’s growing strength in para-athletics, promote inclusion through sports, and encourage wider recognition and support for athletes with disabilities competing at global levels.

Important Terms Explained:

• F64 Classification:
  • This category is for athletes with lower limb impairments who compete in a standing position, often using prosthetics to aid performance. Sumit Antil competes under this classification.
• F56 Classification:
  • This category includes seated throwers with disabilities such as limb deficiency or impaired muscle power. Yogesh Kathuniya competes in this classification.
• F44 Classification:
  • For athletes with lower limb disabilities and asymmetrical balance who throw from a standing position. Sandip Sargar and Sandeep Chaudhary are classified here.

Tabular Summary:

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs October 01

2. What was the repo rate as per the RBI’s fourth bi-monthly monetary policy announcement in October 2025?
A) 6.0%
B) 5.25%
C) 5.5%
D) 5.0%
E) 5.75%
Answer: C) 5.5%

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI keeps repo rate unchanged at 5.5% during fourth bi-monthly monetary policy review
• Location: Mumbai, India
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), chaired by Governor Sanjay Malhotra, decided to maintain the repo rate at 5.5% for the second consecutive time and retain the neutral policy stance.
• Objectives:
  • To allow time for the transmission of previous 100 basis point rate cuts, monitor the impact of recent GST rate rationalisation, and assess external risks like US tariffs, geopolitical tensions, and global financial volatility.

Important Terms Explained:

• Repo Rate:
  • The rate at which RBI lends short-term funds to commercial banks. A key monetary policy tool, a lower repo rate encourages borrowing and liquidity, while a higher rate controls inflation.
• Monetary Policy Committee (MPC):
  • A six-member committee headed by the RBI Governor that sets interest rates to achieve the inflation target of 4% (+/-2%) while ensuring economic growth and financial stability.
• CPI Inflation (Consumer Price Index):
  • Measures changes in the price level of a basket of consumer goods and services, used as the RBI’s primary inflation target metric. CPI inflation for August 2025 dropped to a six-year low of 2.07%.
• Neutral Stance:
  • Indicates that the central bank is neither inclined to raise nor reduce interest rates in the near future, maintaining flexibility to act based on evolving economic data.

Tabular Summary:

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3. Which of the following is one of the key measures announced by RBI to promote internationalisation of the Indian Rupee in October 2025?
A) Allowing cryptocurrency trade in India
B) Launch of a new RBI-backed digital token for global use
C) Lending in INR to non-residents of Bhutan, Nepal, and Sri Lanka
D) Pegging INR to the US Dollar
E) Removal of all capital controls for foreign investors
Answer: C) Lending in INR to non-residents of Bhutan, Nepal, and Sri Lanka

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI announces new measures to internationalise the Indian Rupee
• Location: Mumbai, India
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) introduced new regulatory measures aimed at enhancing the global use of the Indian Rupee (INR) in cross-border trade. These include:
    • Permission for Authorised Dealer banks to lend in INR to non-residents from Bhutan, Nepal, and Sri Lanka
    • Wider usage of balances in Special Rupee Vostro Accounts (SRVAs) for investments in corporate bonds and commercial papers
    • Establishing transparent reference exchange rates for key foreign currencies
• Objectives:
  • To reduce dependence on the US Dollar, promote rupee-based trade settlements, manage foreign exchange risks, and enhance the resilience of India’s external sector by internationalising the INR.

Important Terms Explained:

• Special Rupee Vostro Account (SRVA):
  • A bank account opened by a foreign bank in an Indian bank, allowing trade settlements directly in INR. SRVAs facilitate bilateral trade without needing to convert to a third-party currency like the US Dollar.
• Internationalisation of INR:
  • Refers to the process of making the Indian Rupee a widely accepted currency for international trade, allowing settlements and investments in INR globally.
• Authorised Dealer Banks (AD Banks):
  • Banks authorised by RBI to deal in foreign exchange transactions. They are key intermediaries in facilitating cross-border trade, remittances, and now, INR-denominated lending.

Tabular Summary:

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4. What ceiling is the RBI planning to remove for corporate borrowers, as per the October 2025 announcement?
A) ₹5,000 crore on NPA provisioning
B) ₹2,000 crore on infra lending
C) ₹10,000 crore on aggregate bank credit to corporates
D) ₹15,000 crore cap on personal loans
E) ₹1,000 crore on NBFC exposure
Answer: C) ₹10,000 crore on aggregate bank credit to corporates

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI proposes to remove ₹10,000 crore bank loan ceiling per corporate
• Location: Mumbai, India
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced its intention to withdraw the ₹10,000 crore ceiling on total bank loans to a single corporate entity under the 2016 Guidelines on Enhancing Credit Supply for Large Borrowers through Market Mechanism.
• Objectives:
  • To ease credit constraints on corporates, improve bank capital utilisation, and align regulations with the evolving corporate funding landscape, while managing concentration risk through macroprudential tools instead of rigid exposure limits.

Important Terms Explained:

• Concentration Risk:
  • The risk of overexposure to a single borrower or sector, which can endanger financial stability if the entity defaults. RBI earlier capped loans to large corporates to mitigate systemic risk.
• Large Exposures Framework (LEF):
  • A framework introduced by RBI to limit exposure of banks to a single counterparty or group, ensuring prudential risk management at the individual bank level.
• Macroprudential Tools:
  • System-wide financial regulatory measures used by central banks to maintain financial stability, such as capital buffers, dynamic provisioning, and risk-weighted assets adjustments.
• Provisioning and Risk Weighting:
  • Banks must set aside capital (provision) and apply higher risk weights to risky exposures, which affects profitability and capital adequacy ratios.

Tabular Summary:

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5. What is the new proposed limit for IPO financing by banks per person, as announced by RBI in October 2025?
A) ₹10 lakh
B) ₹15 lakh
C) ₹20 lakh
D) ₹25 lakh
E) ₹50 lakh
Answer: D) ₹25 lakh

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI announces reforms to improve credit flow to the commercial sector
• Location: Mumbai, India
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has announced a host of regulatory reforms to broaden the scope of capital market lending, ease financing limits for banks, and enable Indian banks to fund corporate acquisitions.
• Objectives:
  • To rationalise existing credit regulations, improve liquidity access for corporates and capital market participants, and ensure a smoother credit flow amidst reduced bank lending and increased dependence on non-bank sources.

Important Terms Explained:

• REITs (Real Estate Investment Trusts):
  • Investment instruments that pool capital from investors to invest in income-generating real estate assets like commercial properties, enabling retail investor access to the real estate sector.
• InvITs (Infrastructure Investment Trusts):
  • Similar to REITs, InvITs invest in operational infrastructure projects (e.g., roads, bridges, power), allowing investors to earn returns from infrastructure development.
• Listed Debt Securities:
  • These are bonds or debentures issued by corporations or institutions that are traded on stock exchanges. RBI now proposes no ceiling on lending against such securities.
• IPO Financing:
  • Short-term loans given by banks to individuals to invest in Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) of companies. The RBI increased the per person loan limit from ₹10 lakh to ₹25 lakh.
• Macroprudential Tools:
  • Policies used by central banks to mitigate systemic financial risks, such as credit bubbles or overexposure, through risk-based capital requirements and dynamic provisioning.

Tabular Summary:

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6. Which of the following is NOT part of RBI’s proposed changes to the ECB framework announced in October 2025?
A) Expansion of eligible borrower base
B) Removal of borrowing cost restrictions
C) Introduction of ECB cap at $500 million per company
D) Simplification of reporting requirements
E) Rationalization of average maturity period restrictions
Answer: C) Introduction of ECB cap at $500 million per company

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI proposes liberalized framework for External Commercial Borrowings (ECBs)
• Location: Mumbai, India
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced a planned overhaul of the ECB framework to make it easier for Indian companies to raise overseas funds, following a comprehensive review of the Foreign Exchange Management (Borrowing and Lending) Regulations, 2018.
• Objectives:
  • To rationalize and simplify the ECB regulations, boost foreign capital inflows, support commercial sector liquidity, and align borrowing rules with current economic needs and market realities.

Important Terms Explained:

• External Commercial Borrowing (ECB):
  • Commercial loans raised by eligible Indian entities from recognized non-resident lenders in foreign or Indian currency, subject to RBI-prescribed parameters such as minimum maturity, end-use restrictions, and borrowing cost ceilings.
• All-in-Cost Ceiling:
  • The maximum total cost (interest rate, fees, expenses, etc.) that a borrower can incur while raising ECB. RBI proposes removing this cap to allow market-based pricing.
• Foreign Currency (FCY) ECB:
  • ECBs denominated in freely convertible foreign currencies such as USD, EUR, GBP. Eligible borrowers include FDI-eligible entities, Port Trusts, SEZ units, SIDBI, and EXIM Bank.
• Indian Rupee (INR) ECB:
  • ECBs raised in Indian Rupees by eligible entities including NGOs, Not-for-Profit companies, cooperatives, and microfinance institutions.
• End-Use Restrictions:
  • Limitations on the utilisation of ECB funds, often prohibiting use for real estate or capital market investments. RBI plans to review and relax such restrictions.

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs October 01

7. What was India’s total GST collection in September 2025, as per government data released on October 1?
A) ₹1.86 lakh crore
B) ₹1.95 lakh crore
C) ₹1.89 lakh crore
D) ₹2.01 lakh crore
E) ₹1.80 lakh crore
Answer: C) ₹1.89 lakh crore

Event and Location:

• Event: GST collections rise 9% YoY to ₹1.89 lakh crore in September 2025
• Location: Nationwide (Data released by Ministry of Finance, Government of India)
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Ministry of Finance announced a 9.1% YoY increase in GST collections for September 2025, amounting to ₹1.89 lakh crore. This is the highest monthly growth in the last four months, marking the ninth consecutive month of collections above ₹1.8 lakh crore.
• Objectives:
  • To reflect the impact of recent GST rate rationalisation, improve revenue mobilisation, support economic recovery, and monitor post-reform tax compliance trends.

Important Terms Explained:

• Goods and Services Tax (GST):
  • A comprehensive, indirect tax levied on manufacture, sale, and consumption of goods and services across India. Introduced in July 2017, it replaced multiple indirect taxes to create a unified tax structure.
• GST Rate Rationalisation:
  • Refers to the recent merging of tax slabs (28% & 12%) into 18% & 5%, aimed at simplifying the structure and boosting consumer demand by lowering tax burden on key categories.
• Net GST Revenue:
  • Refers to gross GST collections after deducting refunds. In September 2025, net revenue stood at ₹1.60 lakh crore, a 5% YoY increase.
• Inter-state Stock Transfer:
  • A movement of goods from one state to another within the same company, often affected by input tax credit claims and tax accumulation challenges under GST.

Tabular Summary:

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8. What is the new total rate of Dearness Allowance (DA) for Central Government employees effective from July 1, 2025?
A) 50%
B) 55%
C) 58%
D) 60%
E) 57%
Answer: C) 58%

Event and Location:

• Event: Approval of additional 3% Dearness Allowance and Dearness Relief for Central Government employees and pensioners
• Location: Nationwide (India)
• Date: October 1, 2025 (effective from July 1, 2025)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Union Cabinet has approved a 3% increase in Dearness Allowance (DA) for Central Government employees and Dearness Relief (DR) for pensioners, raising the existing rate from 55% to 58% of Basic Pay/Pension, effective from 01.07.2025.
• Objectives:
  • To compensate Central Government employees and pensioners for the rising cost of living due to inflation, as per the formula recommended by the 7th Central Pay Commission.

Important Terms Explained:

• Dearness Allowance (DA):
  • A cost-of-living adjustment paid to government employees and pensioners to counter inflation, usually revised twice a year.
• Dearness Relief (DR):
  • The equivalent of DA but applicable specifically to pensioners, aimed at offsetting the impact of inflation on pensions.
• 7th Central Pay Commission:
  • A government-appointed body that reviews and recommends changes to salary structures, allowances, and pensions of Central Government employees.

Tabular Summary:

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs October 01

9. Who has been appointed as the new MD and CEO of Union Bank of India as of September 2025?
A) Kalyan Kumar
B) Atul Kumar Goel
C) Asheesh Pandey
D) Sandeep Bakhshi
E) Chandra Shekhar Ghosh
Answer: C) Asheesh Pandey

Event and Location:

• Event: Appointment of new MDs for Union Bank of India and Central Bank of India
• Location: New Delhi (Appointments by Appointments Committee of the Cabinet)
• Date: September 2025 (announced publicly on October 1, 2025)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC), chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved the appointments of Asheesh Pandey as MD & CEO of Union Bank of India and Kalyan Kumar as MD & CEO of Central Bank of India, each for a three-year term.
• Objectives:
  • To ensure strong, tech-driven leadership in public sector banks, improve operational efficiency, promote digital transformation, and drive customer-centric growth and financial inclusion across banking operations.

Important Terms Explained:

• MD & CEO (Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer):
  • The top executive role in a bank, responsible for overall strategic direction, operational performance, and implementation of regulatory and business policies.
• Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC):
  • A high-level government committee chaired by the Prime Minister that approves senior-level appointments in public sector undertakings, including banks.
• Digital Transformation in Banking:
  • Refers to the integration of digital technology into all areas of banking—ranging from online lending, customer service, cybersecurity, to automation of internal operations.

Tabular Summary:

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs October 01

10. Which Indian state’s tourism department won the Global Tourism Award 2025 for its sustainable and inclusive tourism initiatives?
A) Kerala
B) Gujarat
C) Rajasthan
D) Andhra Pradesh
E) Himachal Pradesh
Answer: D) Andhra Pradesh

Event and Location:

• Event: Andhra Pradesh Tourism Department wins Global Tourism Award 2025
• Location: Award presented in New Delhi; initiatives recognized across Andhra Pradesh
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Andhra Pradesh Tourism Department was awarded the Global Tourism Award 2025 for its efforts in developing sustainable, heritage-focused, and community-inclusive tourism models. The award was received by tourism consultant Nishitha Goyal.
• Objectives:
  • To position Andhra Pradesh as a leading tourism destination by promoting eco-tourism, spiritual and heritage circuits, leveraging digital platforms, and enhancing local community participation while preserving the state’s natural and cultural assets.

Important Terms Explained:

• Global Tourism Award:
  • An international recognition presented to tourism boards or departments for excellence in tourism policy, innovation, sustainability, and execution. Andhra Pradesh was recognized for eco-friendly tourism circuits, cultural promotion, and tech-driven initiatives.
• Public–Private Partnership (PPP):
  • A collaborative investment model where private investors partner with the government to develop infrastructure and services. AP is using PPPs to boost hospitality infrastructure and tourism investments.
• Smart Tourism Technology:
  • Integration of AI-based tour guides, digital ticketing, and VR experiences to enhance tourist engagement and improve efficiency in tourism operations.

Tabular Summary:

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11. Who won the TANSA Award 2022 in Environmental Science for contributions to marine research?
A) Dr. R. Ayyappan
B) Prof. R. Arthur James
C) Dr. K. Radhakrishnan
D) Prof. G. Madhavan Nair
E) Dr. M. S. Swaminathan
Answer: B) Prof. R. Arthur James

Event and Location:

• Event: TANSA Award 2022 presented for Environmental Science
• Location: Udhagamandalam, Tamil Nadu
• Date: October 1, 2025 (award ceremony); award year: 2022

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology (TANSA) presented the TANSA Award 2022 in Environmental Science to Prof. R. Arthur James, recognising his marine research achievements.
• Objectives:
  • To honour excellence in scientific research and promote innovation and sustainable environmental practices through state-level recognition in science and technology.

Important Terms Explained:

• TANSA Award:
  • Instituted by the Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology, the Tamil Nadu Scientist Award is given annually to scientists demonstrating excellence in various scientific disciplines.
• Bharathidasan University (BDU):
  • A prominent university in Tamil Nadu named after the poet Bharathidasan, known for its focus on research and higher education across various science disciplines.
• Environmental Science:
  • An interdisciplinary academic field focusing on the study of the environment and solutions to environmental challenges such as pollution, climate change, and sustainability.

Tabular Summary:

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs October 01

12. What was a key focus of the Telugu Language Day 2025 celebration in Saudi Arabia?
A) Launch of Telugu language textbooks in Saudi schools
B) Inauguration of Andhra cultural museum
C) Promotion of the P4 model for development and poverty eradication
D) Opening of a new Telugu consulate office
E) Initiation of NRI voting rights for Telugu citizens
Answer: C) Promotion of the P4 model for development and poverty eradication

Event and Location:

• Event: Celebration of Telugu Language Day with P4 awareness programme
• Location: Saudi Arabia (organized by SATA & TDP NRI Committee)
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Saudi Arabia Telugu Association (SATA), in collaboration with the TDP NRI Committee, celebrated Telugu Language Day 2025 by organizing a large-scale awareness programme centered on Andhra Pradesh’s P4 (Public–Private–People Partnership) model. The event witnessed participation from over 2,000 people, including more than 100 NRIs.
• Objectives:
  • The event aimed to:
    • Promote Telugu culture and linguistic pride among the diaspora
    • Raise awareness about Andhra Pradesh’s P4 model as a pathway to social empowerment and poverty eradication by 2047
    • Mobilize NRI support for community development and welfare initiatives

Important Terms Explained:

• P4 Model (Public–Private–People Partnership):
  • An innovative development framework promoted by the Government of Andhra Pradesh that integrates public sector, private enterprises, and people’s participation to drive inclusive growth, aiming for zero poverty by 2047.
• Telugu Language Day:
  • An annual event celebrated to honor the Telugu language, culture, and literature, commemorating the legacy of prominent Telugu linguists and poets.
• SATA (Saudi Arabia Telugu Association):
  • A cultural association representing the Telugu-speaking community in Saudi Arabia, facilitating language promotion, cultural events, and social welfare.

Tabular Summary:

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Schemes – Daily Current Affairs October 01

13. What is the main objective of the Delhi Gramodaya Abhiyan recently implemented by DDA?
A) To digitize land records in rural areas
B) To provide free education in urban slums
C) To develop rural infrastructure and civic amenities in Delhi villages
D) To promote tourism in historical villages of Delhi
E) To organize cultural festivals in NCR villages
Answer: C) To develop rural infrastructure and civic amenities in Delhi villages

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of 81 rural development projects under Delhi Gramodaya Abhiyan
• Location: 50 villages in Delhi, launch held at Pooth Khurd, Rohini
• Date: September 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Delhi Development Authority (DDA) launched 81 infrastructure development projects across 50 villages under the Delhi Gramodaya Abhiyan. The launch event, held in Pooth Khurd, saw participation from Lieutenant Governor VK Saxena and Chief Minister Rekha Gupta, who also reviewed completed projects.
• Objectives:
  • The program aims to improve the living conditions in rural Delhi by upgrading roads, parks, community halls, chaupals, and civic amenities. It also focuses on strengthening rural infrastructure, promoting community participation, and ensuring access to opportunities in the capital’s villages.

Important Terms Explained:

• Delhi Gramodaya Abhiyan:
  • A rural development initiative launched in December 2023 to improve infrastructure and civic amenities in Delhi’s urban villages. It includes projects like road construction, community facilities, and PNG distribution.
• DDA (Delhi Development Authority):
  • A statutory body responsible for the planning, development, and construction of housing and infrastructure in Delhi.
• PNG (Piped Natural Gas):
  • A clean and efficient energy source distributed via pipelines for residential and commercial use. Under this program, PNG connections were provided to 41 villages by Union Minister Amit Shah in March 2024.

Tabular Summary:

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14. What is the primary focus of the Kudumbashree K4Care scheme currently being implemented in Palakkad?
A) Promoting organic farming practices
B) Providing mobile internet services in villages
C) Delivering home-based care for elderly and special-needs individuals
D) Building housing for women-led families
E) Offering vocational training for school students
Answer: C) Delivering home-based care for elderly and special-needs individuals

Event and Location:

• Event: Kudumbashree’s K4Care scheme gains public adoption and outreach
• Location: Palakkad district, Kerala
• Date: September 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Kudumbashree Mission, through its K4Care initiative, is delivering home-based care services to the elderly, hospital patients, children, and those with mental health challenges. The scheme is being implemented across Palakkad and has already reached over 10,000 beneficiaries.
• Objectives:
  • The objective is to provide personalized care and support for vulnerable groups such as the elderly, mentally challenged children, and patients, whether at home or in hospital, for a duration of two weeks to a month, based on need. It also aims to empower Kudumbashree workers through caregiving roles.

Important Terms Explained:

• K4Care:
  • An extension of the Harsham geriatric care scheme (2018), K4Care focuses on home-based caregiving services for the elderly, children with disabilities, and hospital patients.
  • It is implemented through trained Kudumbashree workers.
• Kudumbashree:
  • A women-led poverty eradication and livelihood mission by the Government of Kerala.
  • It enables women’s empowerment through entrepreneurship, community networks, and social welfare programs.
• Harsham Scheme:
  • Launched in 2018, this state-run geriatric care initiative aimed to provide care and support services for the elderly population across Kerala, implemented via local self-government institutions.

Tabular Summary:

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15. What is the total financial outlay approved by the Union Cabinet for the Mission for Aatmanirbharta in Pulses (2025–2031)?
A) ₹7,200 crore
B) ₹15,500 crore
C) ₹11,440 crore
D) ₹10,200 crore
E) ₹9,800 crore
Answer: C) ₹11,440 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: Approval of Mission for Aatmanirbharta in Pulses for 2025–31
• Location: Nationwide (India)
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Union Cabinet approved a six-year national mission to achieve self-sufficiency in pulses with a production target of 350 lakh tonnes by 2030–31 and coverage of 310 lakh hectares of cropped area.
• Objectives:
  • To reduce dependence on imports, enhance farmer incomes, ensure price stability, promote regional diversification, develop post-harvest infrastructure, and support climate-resilient agricultural practices.

Important Terms Explained:

• Mission for Aatmanirbharta in Pulses:
  • A 6-year initiative (2025–2031) to make India self-sufficient in pulses by increasing area, productivity, and procurement support through targeted policy and financial interventions.
• PM-AASHA:
  • Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay Sanrakshan Abhiyan, a central scheme providing price support to farmers, ensuring MSP-based procurement.
• SATHI Portal:
  • Seed Authentication, Traceability & Holistic Inventory portal used to monitor and authenticate the seed production and distribution system.

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs October 01

16. What is the main purpose of the Gaj Rakshak App launched for Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve?
A) To monitor tigers in national parks
B) To track forest fires in real-time
C) To record tourist activities in reserves
D) To monitor elephants and reduce human-wildlife conflict
E) To survey bamboo forests for plantation
Answer: D) To monitor elephants and reduce human-wildlife conflict

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Gaj Rakshak App to monitor elephants
• Location: Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh
• Date: July 29, 2025 (World Tiger Day)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Madhya Pradesh Forest Department, in collaboration with Wildlife Conservation Trust and Kalpvag Company, launched the Gaj Rakshak App to enable real-time monitoring of elephants. Forest personnel from multiple divisions were trained in the app’s usage.
• Objectives: The app aims to prevent man-elephant conflict by alerting local communities when elephants approach villages. It also supports wildlife conservation, enables tracking of elephant movement and behavior, and improves coordination among field staff and stakeholders.

Important Terms Explained:

• Gaj Rakshak App: A mobile application developed to provide real-time data on elephant movement, including SMS alerts, voice calls, sirens, push notifications, offline tracking, and photo uploads by field monitors.
• Man-Elephant Conflict: A recurring issue where elephants encroach into human settlements, especially during harvest seasons, leading to potential crop damage and human-elephant clashes.
• Wildlife Conservation Trust: A non-profit organization collaborating with the forest department to support wildlife and forest conservation projects through technological and strategic interventions.

Tabular Summary:

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17. What is the primary objective of the ESG Policy approved by the Kerala state cabinet in October 2025?
A) To promote tourism in tribal areas
B) To implement carbon tax on industries
C) To attract ESG-compliant and low-pollution investments
D) To develop SEZs for renewable energy companies
E) To privatize public sector undertakings
Answer: C) To attract ESG-compliant and low-pollution investments

Event and Location:

• Event: Cabinet approval of ESG Policy to attract sustainable investments
• Location: Kerala
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Kerala State Cabinet approved the Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Policy aimed at promoting sustainable development by attracting low-pollution, ESG-compliant industries.
  • The cabinet also cleared several other administrative, education, infrastructure, and investment-related decisions.
• Objectives:
  • The ESG policy is designed to align Kerala with global investment trends by encouraging green and ethical investments, thereby making the state a preferred destination for sustainable industries.

Important Terms Explained:

• ESG Policy (Environmental, Social and Governance):
  • A strategic policy framework that promotes responsible investment by focusing on environmental impact, social responsibility, and governance standards.
  • Kerala’s ESG policy seeks to attract investments from companies meeting these standards.
• Wayanad Township Project:
  • A state-backed urban infrastructure development initiative in Wayanad district, for which the cabinet waived the advance payment guarantee, easing financial and procedural hurdles.
• Kendriya Vidyalaya (KV):
  • A network of central government schools across India. The cabinet approved the establishment of a KV in Karinkunnam, Idukki by waiving stamp duty and registration fees for land lease.

Tabular Summary:

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18. Which panchayat in Kerala has become the first to achieve full National Legal Guardianship for persons with disabilities?
A) Perambra
B) Velur
C) Munnar
D) Alathur
E) Wayanad
Answer: B) Velur

Event and Location:

• Event: Velur becomes Kerala’s first panchayat to achieve full National Legal Guardianship
• Location: Velur Grama Panchayat, Thrissur district, Kerala
• Date: September 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Velur panchayat distributed legal guardianship certificates under the National Trust Act to all eligible individuals over 18 with disabilities, thereby ensuring full legal guardianship for the entire eligible population.
• Objectives:
  • To provide legal protection, social inclusion, and livelihood empowerment for persons with disabilities by promoting self-reliance, ensuring legal guardianship, and enabling community-based rehabilitation through the Thalir Buds Rehabilitation Centre.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Legal Guardianship:
  • Refers to the legal provision under the National Trust Act, 1999, where a guardian is appointed for adults with disabilities to take decisions in their best interest, ensuring their welfare, rights, and dignity.
• Thalir Buds Rehabilitation Centre:
  • Established in 2023 by Velur panchayat at a cost of ₹80 lakh, this centre offers 26 vocational training programmes and functions as a skill development hub for persons with disabilities, promoting income generation and self-employment.
• National Trust Act:
  • An Act enacted in 1999 by the Government of India for the welfare of persons with autism, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, and multiple disabilities. It provides for legal guardianship and empowerment measures through local authorities and NGOs.

Tabular Summary:

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19. What is the purpose of the GI tag application for Kanniyakumari Nannari filed by TNSCST?
A) To regulate exports of medicinal plants
B) To restrict Nannari cultivation to Tamil Nadu
C) To recognize and protect the unique heritage and market value of the herb
D) To replace chemical-based medicines with herbal ones
E) To promote floriculture in Kanniyakumari
Answer: C) To recognize and protect the unique heritage and market value of the herb

Event and Location:

• Event: GI tag application filed for Kanniyakumari Nannari
• Location: Kanniyakumari district, Tamil Nadu
• Date: September 29, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology (TNSCST), along with TN Malaivaazh Makkal Sangam, has applied for a Geographical Indication (GI) tag for Kanniyakumari Nannari, a medicinal herb of high aromatic and therapeutic value.
• Objectives:
  • To protect and promote the indigenous identity of Kanniyakumari Nannari, ensure fair market value for local cultivators, and preserve the traditional cultivation practices associated with this herb. The GI tag is expected to aid in brand recognition, economic upliftment, and heritage conservation.

Important Terms Explained:

• Geographical Indication (GI) Tag:
  • A legal recognition given to products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation due to that origin. It helps in preventing unauthorized use and boosts local economies through market exclusivity.
• Kanniyakumari Nannari:
  • A medicinal climber, scientifically known as Hemidesmus indicus, native to Kanniyakumari. Known for its use in herbal drinks like sarbath, the plant’s roots are harvested after 2–3 years, offering aromatic, brown-hued extracts with therapeutic properties.
• TNSCST (Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology):
  • A state government agency focused on promoting science and technology for sustainable development in Tamil Nadu, including protection of indigenous knowledge systems.

Tabular Summary:

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20. What is the revised Minimum Support Price (MSP) for wheat for the 2026–27 marketing year as approved by the Cabinet?
A) ₹2,425 per quintal
B) ₹2,500 per quintal
C) ₹2,585 per quintal
D) ₹2,600 per quintal
E) ₹2,475 per quintal
Answer: C) ₹2,585 per quintal

Event and Location:

• Event: Cabinet approves hike in wheat MSP and sets record production target
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, approved an MSP hike of ₹160/quintal for wheat, raising it from ₹2,425 to ₹2,585 per quintal for the 2026–27 marketing year. The MSP for six rabi crops was also approved.
• Objectives:
  • To ensure remunerative prices for farmers, encourage higher wheat cultivation, and achieve a record wheat production target of 119 million tonnes for the 2025–26 crop year (July–June).

Important Terms Explained:

• Minimum Support Price (MSP):
  • A guaranteed price at which the government procures crops from farmers, ensuring a minimum income regardless of market fluctuations. It is announced before the sowing season to guide farmers’ crop decisions.
• Rabi Crops:
  • These are winter crops sown between October–December and harvested from March–April. Major rabi crops include wheat, barley, gram, lentil, and jowar.
• Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP):
  • A statutory body under the Ministry of Agriculture that recommends MSPs for various crops to ensure fair returns to farmers while balancing consumer interests.

Tabular Summary:

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21. What unique feature was introduced for the first time on Indian currency through the Rs 100 coin released in October 2025?
A) Image of Mahatma Gandhi
B) Representation of Indian Constitution
C) Depiction of Bharat Mata in Varada Mudra
D) Portrait of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose
E) Sanskrit verses from Rigveda
Answer: C) Depiction of Bharat Mata in Varada Mudra

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Rs 100 commemorative coin and postage stamp during RSS centenary celebrations
• Location: New Delhi
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi unveiled a Rs 100 commemorative coin and a special postage stamp during the centenary celebrations of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS). The event marked the first-ever depiction of Bharat Mata on Indian currency.
• Objectives:
  • To honor the RSS’s 100-year legacy of nation-building and social service, and symbolically represent the spirit of national dedication through the release of cultural and monetary artifacts.

Important Terms Explained:

• Bharat Mata (Mother India):
  • A national personification of India, representing the country as a divine mother figure.
  • The Rs 100 coin features her in Varada Mudra, a symbolic gesture of giving and compassion, accompanied by a lion and swayam sevaks bowing in devotion.
• Varada Mudra:
  • A hand gesture in Indian classical iconography where the palm is extended outward, symbolizing boons, blessings, and charity.
• Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS):
  • A Hindutva-based socio-cultural volunteer organization founded in 1925 by K.B. Hedgewar.
  • It promotes cultural nationalism, social responsibility, and community discipline.

Tabular Summary:

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22. What was a key outcome of Phase-I of the Department of Justice’s Special Campaign 5.0?
A) Launch of e-Courts Phase-III
B) Establishment of legal aid centers in rural areas
C) Identification of pending grievances and sites for Swachhata
D) Recruitment of judicial officers
E) Digitisation of court records across all High Courts
Answer: C) Identification of pending grievances and sites for Swachhata

Event and Location:

• Event: Completion of Phase-I of Special Campaign 5.0 by Department of Justice
• Location: New Delhi (Jaisalmer House), Bhopal (NJA), New Delhi (NALSA)
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Department of Justice, under the guidance of DARPG, conducted Phase-I of Special Campaign 5.0 from September 15 to September 30, 2025, identifying pending grievances, files, e-waste, and areas requiring cleaning and beautification.
• Objectives:
  • To promote good governance through timely disposal of public grievances, weeding out of old files, disposal of scrap and e-waste, and maintaining cleanliness in government premises under the Swachhata mission.

Important Terms Explained:

• Special Campaign 5.0:
  • A government-wide initiative launched under DARPG focusing on reducing pendency in public offices and ensuring cleanliness of workspaces, now in its fifth iteration.
• DARPG (Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances):
  • A central government department responsible for administrative reforms, policy guidelines, and redressal of public grievances in ministries and departments.
• Shramdaan:
  • A voluntary contribution of labor by government employees and citizens, often observed during cleanliness drives and community activities to promote civic responsibility.

Tabular Summary:

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23. How many new Kendriya Vidyalayas (KVs) has the Cabinet approved under the civil sector in October 2025?
A) 50
B) 57
C) 85
D) 1288
E) 913
Answer: B) 57

Event and Location:

• Event: Cabinet approves opening of 57 new Kendriya Vidyalayas under Civil Sector.
• Location: Across India (17 States/UTs, including aspirational, LWE, NER/hilly areas).
• Date: October 1, 2025.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs approved the opening of 57 new Kendriya Vidyalayas under the Civil Sector with a total estimated cost of ₹5862.55 crore spread over nine years from 2026–27.
• Objectives:
  • To meet the educational needs of children of Central Government employees, especially in underserved and strategic regions, and to implement the NEP 2020 model with Balvatikas (pre-primary) for the first time in KVs.

Important Terms Explained:

• Kendriya Vidyalayas (KVs):
  • A chain of central government schools set up in 1962 under the Ministry of Education to provide quality education to the wards of transferable and non-transferable Central Government employees.
• Balvatika:
  • A new 3-year foundational stage (pre-primary) introduced in KVs in line with National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, focusing on early childhood care and education.
• Aspirational Districts:
  • Backward districts identified under NITI Aayog’s Aspirational Districts Programme to improve socio-economic indicators through focused government interventions.

Tabular Summary:

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24. What is the total financial outlay approved for Phase III of the Biomedical Research Career Programme (BRCP)?
A) ₹1000 crore
B) ₹1250 crore
C) ₹1500 crore
D) ₹2000 crore
E) ₹1750 crore
Answer: C) ₹1500 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: Approval of Phase III of Biomedical Research Career Programme (BRCP)
• Location: India (Nationwide implementation)
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Cabinet approved Phase III of BRCP, a collaborative biomedical research initiative between Department of Biotechnology (DBT) and Wellcome Trust (UK) for 2025–31 (with an extension up to 2037–38), aimed at providing research fellowships and grants.
• Objectives:
  • To promote cutting-edge biomedical research, strengthen research capacity and systems across India, support career development of scientists, encourage translational innovation, and ensure inclusive research ecosystem with global impact.

Important Terms Explained:

• Biomedical Research Career Programme (BRCP):
  • A joint initiative by DBT and Wellcome Trust to fund and mentor scientists in India in biomedical sciences through fellowships and collaborative grants.
• DBT/Wellcome Trust India Alliance (India Alliance):
  • A Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) created to administer BRCP in India, supporting world-class biomedical research and fostering talent and institutional growth.
• Translational Innovation:
  • The process of converting scientific discoveries into real-world medical solutions, such as diagnostics, treatments, and health policies.

Tabular Summary:

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25. Who launched the MY Bharat Mobile Application to promote youth engagement and leadership?
A) Dharmendra Pradhan
B) Anurag Thakur
C) Rajeev Chandrasekhar
D) Mansukh Mandaviya
E) Narendra Modi
Answer: D) Mansukh Mandaviya

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of MY Bharat Mobile Application
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: October 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The MY Bharat Mobile Application was launched under the Department of Youth Affairs, designed by the Digital India Corporation (DIC), to facilitate youth leadership, civic engagement, and access to verified opportunities.
• Objectives:
  • To empower India’s youth by improving accessibility to volunteering, internships, mentorships, digital recognition, and national campaigns using a mobile-based platform; and to expand digital participation even in rural and remote regions through Common Services Centres (CSCs).

Important Terms Explained:

• MY Bharat Platform:
  • Launched on October 31, 2023, this is a national digital platform under the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports to support youth-led development through volunteering, internships, and leadership initiatives.
• Common Services Centres (CSCs):
  • A government-backed initiative providing digital access to services in rural India through over 5 lakh Village Level Entrepreneurs (VLEs).
• Digital India Corporation (DIC):
  • A not-for-profit company under MeitY, which develops digital solutions to support government missions like Digital India and other tech-enabled services.
• VBYLD Quiz:
  • Viksit Bharat Young Leaders Dialogue Quiz, an interactive awareness initiative hosted on the MY Bharat platform for youth participation and national engagement.

Tabular Summary:

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Over All Review

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