Daily Current Affairs July 26 & 27

Dear Champions, as you all know that a lot of competitive exams have been notified consequently. Candidates have to prepare themselves according to the level of competition and expectation of the Recruitment board. Regarding that one of the most important topic is Daily Current Affairs July 26 & 27. Current Affairs in the form of contemporary events of national & international play a crucial role in almost every competitive exams like Banking, Insurance, SSC, UPSC, TNPSC, Railway etc.

Current affairs are the most dynamic yet scoring among all sections and need to be prepared from the right source. Here, we cafunsta team, providing Daily GK Updates, Current Affairs Questions, and Monthly current affairs pdf.

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July 26 & 27 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs July 26 & 27

1. Which mangrove forest in India is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and home to a tiger conservation centre?
A) Bhitarkanika
B) Pichavaram
C) Sunderbans
D) Coringa
E) Vedaranyam
Answer: C) Sunderbans

Event and Location:

• Event: World Mangrove Day celebrated with awareness programme in West Bengal
• Location: Chargheri, Gosaba, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal
• Date: July 26, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Awareness programme on the ecological, economic, and disaster-prevention role of mangrove forests conducted by West Bengal Radio Club and Purbasha Eco Helpline Society.
• Objectives: To educate the public on mangroves’ role in biodiversity, disaster resilience, radio wave transmission, and community livelihoods, especially in cyclone-prone regions like the Sunderbans.

Important Terms Explained:

• Mangrove Forest: A type of coastal forest found in estuarine regions, characterized by salt-tolerant trees, vital for marine biodiversity and shoreline protection.
• Sunderbans: The world’s largest mangrove forest located in West Bengal, designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and home to the endangered Royal Bengal Tiger.
• West Bengal Radio Club: A voluntary organisation using amateur radio to support communication during disasters and conduct awareness programmes in vulnerable coastal regions.

Tabular Summary:

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2. Which bank launched a Cybersecurity Awareness Initiative on its 109th Founder’s Day in July 2025?
A) Indian Bank
B) City Union Bank
C) Karur Vysya Bank
D) Lakshmi Vilas Bank
E) Tamilnad Mercantile Bank
Answer: C) Karur Vysya Bank

Event and Location:

• Event: Karur Vysya Bank celebrates 109th Founder’s Day and launches Cybersecurity Awareness Initiative
• Location: Karur (Founder’s Day) and Trichy (Cybersecurity Initiative Launch), Tamil Nadu
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Karur Vysya Bank (KVB) marked its 109th Founder’s Day with the launch of a Cybersecurity Awareness Initiative, remotely inaugurated by RBI Deputy Governor Swaminathan.
• Objectives: To raise public awareness on digital safety, promote responsible financial behavior, and empower all segments of society to combat cyber threats through outreach campaigns and workshops.

Important Terms Explained:

• Cybersecurity Awareness Initiative: A structured campaign by KVB using mass media, community activations, and educational workshops aimed at spreading awareness on digital fraud prevention and online safety.
• Karur Vysya Bank (KVB): A leading Indian private-sector bank established in 1916, known for its long-standing service and trust, especially in South India.
• Founder’s Day: An annual celebration commemorating the establishment of an organization, observed by KVB to honor its legacy and ongoing commitment to innovation and customer trust.

Tabular Summary:

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs July 26 & 27

3. At the FISU World University Games 2025, which Indian pair won the country’s first gold medal in the compound mixed team archery event?
A) Avneet Kaur and Sahil Jadhav
B) Parneet Kaur and Kushal Dalal
C) Madhura Dhamangaonkar and Hritik Sharma
D) Parneet Kaur and Hritik Sharma
E) Avneet Kaur and Kushal Dalal
Answer: B) Parneet Kaur and Kushal Dalal

Event and Location:

• Event: India wins its first gold medal in compound mixed team archery at FISU World University Games 2025
• Location: Rhine-Ruhr, Germany
• Date: July 26, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Indian archers Parneet Kaur and Kushal Dalal clinched the gold medal in the compound mixed team archery event by defeating South Korea with a score of 157–154.
• Objectives: To showcase the rising talent in university-level sports in India and prepare Indian athletes for compound archery’s Olympic debut at Los Angeles 2028.

Important Terms Explained:

• FISU World University Games: A biennial international multi-sport event for university athletes, organized by the International University Sports Federation (FISU).
• Compound Archery: A competitive archery format using pulley-equipped bows, now set to debut in the Olympic Games Los Angeles 2028.
• Mixed Team Event: A format where one male and one female archer form a team and compete together, promoting gender parity and cooperative competition.

Tabular Summary:

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4. Who defeated Pankaj Advani in the final of the IBSF World 6-Red Snooker Championship 2025?
A) Sebastian Milewski
B) Aditya Mehta
C) Riley Powell
D) Pan Yiming
E) Shaun Murphy
Answer: C) Riley Powell

Event and Location:

• Event: Riley Powell defeats Pankaj Advani to win the IBSF World 6-Red Snooker Championship 2025
• Location: Manama, Bahrain
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: 16-year-old Riley Powell from Wales won the IBSF World 6-Red Snooker Championship 2025 by defeating India’s Pankaj Advani in a close 5-4 final.
• Objectives: To crown the world champion in the 6-Red snooker format and to highlight emerging global talent in cue sports.

Important Terms Explained:

• IBSF (International Billiards and Snooker Federation): The global governing body for non-professional cue sports, organizing world championships in billiards and snooker.
• 6-Red Snooker: A variation of snooker with only six red balls instead of the standard fifteen, designed to offer faster and more aggressive gameplay.
• Wildcard Entry: A player invited to participate in a tournament without qualifying through the regular process, often due to past achievements or special considerations.

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs July 01

5. According to RBI MPC member Nagesh Kumar, what is the expected GDP growth rate for India in FY26?
A) 5.5%
B) 6.0%
C) 6.5%
D) 7.5%
E) 8.0%
Answer: C) 6.5%

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI Monetary Policy Committee member projects over 6.5% GDP growth for India in FY26
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: July 27, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: RBI Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) member Nagesh Kumar stated that India’s economy will grow above 6.5% in FY26, supported by domestic consumption and investment. He also addressed inflation trends, monetary policy, and bilateral trade talks with the US.
• Objectives: To provide economic outlook, assess inflation trajectory, comment on trade negotiations, and reaffirm India’s strong macroeconomic fundamentals amidst global slowdown.

Important Terms Explained:

• Monetary Policy Committee (MPC): A six-member RBI panel responsible for setting the benchmark interest rates to control inflation and maintain price stability, with a CPI inflation target of 4% ± 2%.
• CPI (Consumer Price Index) Inflation: The official measure of retail inflation in India, which stood at 2.1% in June 2025, well below the 4% target.
• Bilateral Trade Agreement (BTA): Proposed trade deal between India and the US, aimed at improving market access for labour-intensive goods while protecting sensitive sectors like agriculture and dairy.

Tabular Summary:

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6. What recent milestone did Alphabet CEO Sundar Pichai achieve due to the company’s stock surge?
A) Became Alphabet’s largest shareholder
B) Announced Google’s merger with DeepMind
C) Crossed $1.1 billion in net worth
D) Launched Alphabet Pay
E) Completed 20 years as CEO
Answer: C) Crossed $1.1 billion in net worth

Event and Location:

• Event: Sundar Pichai becomes a billionaire following Alphabet’s stock surge
• Location: Global (Headquarters: Alphabet Inc., California, USA)
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Alphabet’s stock surged over 120% since early 2023, increasing the market cap by $1 trillion.
  • Sundar Pichai’s net worth reached $1.1 billion, according to Bloomberg Billionaires Index.
  • Alphabet disclosed a 16% rise in R&D spending, driven by AI infrastructure growth.
• Objectives:
  • Reflect financial market confidence in Alphabet’s AI-driven strategy.
  • Recognize CEO Sundar Pichai’s leadership in transforming Alphabet into an AI-first company.
  • Highlight the significant impact of executive leadership on shareholder value and corporate performance.

Important Terms Explained:

• Alphabet Inc.: A multinational tech conglomerate and parent company of Google, established through a 2015 restructuring of Google Inc.
• Bloomberg Billionaires Index: A daily ranking of the world’s richest people, maintained by Bloomberg News.
• Artificial Intelligence Infrastructure: Investment in computing systems, data centers, and technologies that support AI model training and deployment.

Tabular Summary:

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs July 26 & 27

7. Which Hindi author won the PEN Translates Award 2025 for the book Once Elephants Lived Here?
A) Krishna Sobti
B) Uday Prakash
C) Geetanjali Shree
D) Nirmal Verma
E) Alka Saraogi
Answer: C) Geetanjali Shree

Event and Location:

• Event: Geetanjali Shree wins PEN Translates Award 2025 for Once Elephants Lived Here
• Location: United Kingdom (awarded by English PEN)
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Hindi author Geetanjali Shree received the PEN Translates Award 2025 for her book Once Elephants Lived Here, translated into English by Daisy Rockwell.
• Objectives: To promote global access to high-quality literary works in translation, especially from underrepresented languages like Hindi, and to recognize the contribution of translators in international literature.

Important Terms Explained:

• PEN Translates Award: A prestigious award instituted by English PEN, aimed at supporting exceptional literary translations into English, enhancing global diversity in literature.
• English PEN: A UK-based literary and human rights organization that advocates for freedom of expression and supports translated literature globally.
• Tomb of Sand: A critically acclaimed Hindi novel by Geetanjali Shree, originally titled Ret Samadhi, which won the International Booker Prize in 2022.

Tabular Summary:

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8. Who was conferred the GP Birla Memorial Award 2025 for outstanding contributions to India’s space programme?
A) Dr. S. Somanath
B) Dr. V. Narayanan
C) Dr. K. Radhakrishnan
D) Dr. G. Madhavan Nair
E) Dr. Venkataraman Ramakrishnan
Answer: B) Dr. V. Narayanan

Event and Location:

• Event: Dr. V. Narayanan receives the GP Birla Memorial Award 2025
• Location: India
• Date: July 26, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The GP Birla Memorial Award 2025 was presented to Dr. V. Narayanan, Chairman of ISRO, in recognition of his pivotal role in India’s space missions and cryogenic propulsion advancements.
• Objectives: To honor significant contributions to science and space technology, and to recognize Indian leadership in cutting-edge research and development.

Important Terms Explained:

• GP Birla Memorial Award: A prestigious Indian award recognizing exceptional contributions in science, astronomy, education, and public service, instituted by the GP Birla Archaeological, Astronomical and Scientific Research Institute.
• ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation): India’s national space agency responsible for space exploration, satellite launches, and key missions like Chandrayaan, Gaganyaan, and Aditya-L1.
• Cryogenic Propulsion: A technology using super-cooled liquid gases to power rockets, critical for launching heavier payloads and deep space missions.

Tabular Summary:

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs July 26 & 27

9. What is the name of AR Rahman’s AI-powered virtual global band project?
A) Soundverse
B) Secret Mountain
C) Harmony Heights
D) AI Sangeet
E) Mystic Groove
Answer: B) Secret Mountain

Event and Location:

• Event: AR Rahman collaborates with Sam Altman for AI-based music metaverse project
• Location: Global (Project involves India, Ireland, China, Africa, etc.)
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • AR Rahman and OpenAI CEO Sam Altman are collaborating on Secret Mountain, an AI-powered virtual global band project. The project will use immersive storytelling and music-based experiences in a metaverse setting.
• Objectives:
  • To create a global AI-driven music platform bringing together singers and mentors from different nations, empower Indian creators using AI tools, and address generational challenges through technology and artistic expression.

Important Terms Explained:

• Secret Mountain:
  • An AI-powered immersive metaverse project developed by AR Rahman to bring together diverse global music talent into a virtual band. The project features a fictional storyline around a character named Luna and is designed to highlight AI’s creative potential.
• OpenAI:
  • An AI research and deployment company co-founded by Elon Musk and Sam Altman, known for developing ChatGPT and other advanced AI tools, aimed at benefiting humanity broadly.
• Metaverse:
  • A virtual, immersive digital space where people can interact using avatars. It integrates technologies like VR, AR, and AI to simulate real-life experiences digitally.

Tabular Summary:

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs July 26 & 27

10. Where is the India–Singapore joint military exercise Bold Kurukshetra 2025 being conducted?
A) Hyderabad
B) Pune
C) Jodhpur
D) Wellington
E) Kochi
Answer: C) Jodhpur

Event and Location:

• Event: India and Singapore begin Bold Kurukshetra 2025, a joint military exercise
• Location: Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
• Date: July 26, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Indian Army and Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) launched the Bold Kurukshetra 2025 exercise focusing on urban warfare, counter-terrorism, and combat interoperability under desert conditions.
• Objectives: To strengthen tactical coordination, enhance real-time decision-making, and build mutual capabilities in joint operations and urban combat preparedness.

Important Terms Explained:

• Bold Kurukshetra: A bilateral military exercise between India and Singapore conducted under enhanced defence cooperation, aimed at joint readiness and interoperability.
• Interoperability: The ability of different military forces to operate in coordination during missions, involving joint planning, communication, and execution.
• Act East Policy: India’s strategic policy framework to strengthen relationships with Southeast Asian nations through economic, cultural, and defence cooperation.

Tabular Summary:

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs July 26 & 27

11. On July 25, 2025, which two countries released commemorative stamps to celebrate 60 years of diplomatic relations?
A) India and Sri Lanka
B) India and Maldives
C) India and Mauritius
D) India and Indonesia
E) India and Bangladesh
Answer: B) India and Maldives

Event and Location:

• Event: Release of commemorative stamps on the 60th anniversary of diplomatic ties
• Location: India and Maldives
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India and the Maldives released joint commemorative stamps depicting maritime heritage to celebrate 60 years of diplomatic relations.
• Objectives: To honor the long-standing diplomatic friendship, promote cultural and maritime heritage, and strengthen bilateral ties between the two nations.

Important Terms Explained:

• Commemorative Stamps: Specially issued postage stamps that celebrate significant events, anniversaries, or shared values between countries.
• Uru: A traditional Indian wooden boat handcrafted in Beypore, Kerala, symbolizing India’s ancient shipbuilding and maritime trade history.
• Vadhu Dhoni: A traditional Maldivian fishing boat representing the country’s deep oceanic culture and heritage.

Tabular Summary:

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12. How much Line of Credit (LoC) did India extend to the Maldives during PM Modi’s July 2025 state visit?
A) ₹2,000 crore
B) ₹3,500 crore
C) ₹4,850 crore
D) ₹6,000 crore
E) ₹5,200 crore
Answer: C) ₹4,850 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: India extends ₹4,850 crore Line of Credit to the Maldives during PM Modi’s state visit
• Location: Malé, Maldives
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India extended a ₹4,850 crore Line of Credit (LoC) to the Maldives and initiated FTA and Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) discussions during PM Narendra Modi’s state visit to Malé.
• Objectives: To strengthen bilateral economic ties, reset strained diplomatic relations, promote regional security under the Neighbourhood First and MAHASAGAR visions, and counterbalance regional geopolitical shifts.

Important Terms Explained:

• Line of Credit (LoC): A soft loan provided by one country to another to fund specific projects, often with concessional repayment terms.
• Neighbourhood First Policy: India’s diplomatic initiative that prioritizes closer ties and development partnerships with neighboring countries in South Asia.
• MAHASAGAR Vision: An Indian strategic vision that focuses on deepening maritime cooperation in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), complementing SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region).

Tabular Summary:

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13. Which symbolic environmental gift did PM Modi present to King Charles III during his UK visit in July 2025?
A) Neem sapling
B) Sandalwood sculpture
C) Sonoma dove tree sapling
D) Rudraksha beads
E) Ayurvedic herbal box
Answer: C) Sonoma dove tree sapling

Event and Location:

• Event: PM Modi presents ‘Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam’ sapling to King Charles III at Sandringham Estate
• Location: Norfolk, United Kingdom
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Prime Minister Narendra Modi gifted a Sonoma dove tree sapling to King Charles III under the Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam initiative during his UK visit, and held talks covering CETA, Yoga, and Ayurveda.
• Objectives: To promote environmental sustainability, strengthen India–UK strategic ties, celebrate shared interests like holistic wellness, and commemorate the signing of the India–UK Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA).

Important Terms Explained:

• Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam: An Indian environmental campaign launched by PM Modi, encouraging people to plant a tree as a tribute to their mothers, symbolizing emotional and ecological respect.
• CETA (Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement): A bilateral Free Trade Agreement signed between India and the United Kingdom, aiming to enhance trade, investment, and economic cooperation.
• Davidia involucrata ‘Sonoma’: Also called Sonoma dove tree, an ornamental tree known for its dove-like white bracts; it blooms early and symbolizes peace, purity, and sustainability.

Tabular Summary:

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Schemes – Daily Current Affairs July 26 & 27

14. As of July 2025, how many pucca houses have been completed under PMAY-G against the overall target of 4.95 crore?
A) 3.12 crore
B) 2.80 crore
C) 4.12 crore
D) 3.84 crore
E) 2.70 crore
Answer: B) 2.80 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: Progress update on PMAY-G rural housing scheme
• Location: Nationwide (India)
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Rural Development released updated statistics on the progress of Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana – Gramin (PMAY-G), aimed at constructing 4.95 crore pucca houses with basic amenities in rural India by 2029.
• Objectives: To ensure “Housing for All” in rural areas by providing financial assistance to eligible households, support inclusive infrastructure development, and uplift rural livelihoods through secure housing.

Important Terms Explained:

• PMAY-G (Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana – Gramin): A flagship rural housing scheme launched on 1st April 2016, under the Ministry of Rural Development, targeting pucca houses with amenities for poor rural households.
• Pucca Houses: Permanent, weather-resistant dwellings made of solid materials such as brick, cement, and concrete, as opposed to kutcha (temporary) houses.
• Housing for All: A national mission aligning with UN SDG-11, aiming to provide safe, adequate housing for all by 2029 in rural India under PMAY-G and in urban areas under PMAY-U.

Tabular Summary:

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15. What is the total financial outlay approved for the PM Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana (PM-VBRY)?
A) ₹75,000 crore
B) ₹89,000 crore
C) ₹99,446 crore
D) ₹1,25,000 crore
E) ₹1,00,000 crore
Answer: C) ₹99,446 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: Cabinet approval and rollout of PM Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana (PM-VBRY)
• Location: Nationwide (India)
• Date: To come into effect from August 1, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Government of India will implement the Employment Linked Incentive (ELI) Scheme under the name PM Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana (PM-VBRY) from August 1, 2025, with a total outlay of ₹99,446 crore to generate over 3.5 crore jobs.
• Objectives: To boost employment creation, particularly in the manufacturing sector, support first-time employees, incentivize EPFO-registered employers, and align with the broader Viksit Bharat (Developed India) vision.

Important Terms Explained:

• PM Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana (PM-VBRY): A large-scale employment-linked incentive scheme aimed at generating 3.5 crore jobs between August 2025 and July 2027, with Part A benefiting first-time employees and Part B incentivizing employers.
• EPFO (Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation): A statutory body under the Ministry of Labour and Employment that manages employee provident fund contributions for organized sector workers.
• Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT): A digital transfer mechanism by the Government of India to provide welfare payments directly into beneficiaries’ bank accounts, ensuring transparency and efficiency.

Tabular Summary:

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16. Which of the following schemes under PMKSY aims to provide cold chain infrastructure from farm gate to consumer?
A) Operation Greens
B) Agro Processing Clusters
C) Food Safety & Quality Assurance
D) Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure
E) Human Resource and Institutions
Answer: D) Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure

Event and Location:

• Event: Status update on schemes under Pradhan Mantri Kisan SAMPADA Yojana (PMKSY)
• Location: Pan India
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Food Processing Industries is implementing various component schemes under the PMKSY to develop infrastructure, reduce post-harvest losses, and increase farmers’ profitability.
• Objectives: To promote food processing, preservation, cluster development, cold chain infrastructure, and safety standards in the food sector, contributing to better market access and reduced wastage of agri-produce.

Important Terms Explained:

• PMKSY (Pradhan Mantri Kisan SAMPADA Yojana): A Central Sector Umbrella Scheme under the Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) aimed at boosting food processing infrastructure and enhancing farmer incomes.
• Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure: A component scheme under PMKSY providing end-to-end cold storage and logistics facilities to reduce spoilage and link farm produce to markets.
• Operation Greens: A scheme to stabilize the supply and pricing of perishable crops and promote processing infrastructure in production clusters and FPOs (Farmer Producer Organizations).

Tabular Summary:

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17. Under the PMFME Scheme, what is the maximum capital subsidy available for individual micro food processing enterprises?
A) ₹5 lakh
B) ₹7 lakh
C) ₹10 lakh
D) ₹15 lakh
E) ₹3 crore
Answer: C) ₹10 lakh

Event and Location:

• Event: Implementation progress of PMFME Scheme under Atmanirbhar Bharat – Vocal for Local
• Location: Pan India (notably Tamil Nadu)
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Food Processing Industries is implementing the PM Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises (PMFME) Scheme, operational from 2020–21 to 2025–26 with an outlay of ₹10,000 crore, to promote micro-enterprise formalisation and food processing sector development.
• Objectives: To strengthen unorganised micro food enterprises, enhance competitiveness, provide financial assistance, encourage capacity building, and promote branding and market access under the broader Vocal for Local vision.

Important Terms Explained:

• PMFME Scheme: A Centrally Sponsored Scheme launched under Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyaan, aimed at supporting micro food processors through credit-linked subsidy, skill training, and infrastructure assistance.
• Credit-Linked Capital Subsidy: A form of financial aid where the government provides 35% of the project cost (up to ₹10 lakh per unit) to eligible micro-enterprises to set up or upgrade food processing facilities.
• Seed Capital to SHGs: Financial support of ₹40,000 per SHG member (up to ₹4 lakh per SHG) to help cover working capital needs and small tool purchases in food processing activities.

Tabular Summary:

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18. As of July 2025, how many Self-Help Group (SHG) proposals have been approved under MoFPI-supported food processing schemes?
A) 166
B) 228
C) 1228
D) 1128
E) 928
Answer: C) 1228

Event and Location:

• Event: Approval of FPO, SHG, and Cooperative proposals under food processing support schemes
• Location: Pan India
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) has approved a total of 1455 proposals from FPOs, SHGs, and cooperatives under PMKSY, PLISFPI, and PMFME schemes to promote rural entrepreneurship and inclusive development in food processing.
• Objectives: To boost local food processing enterprises, enhance value addition, generate rural employment, and promote inclusive access to financial support for grassroots collectives like FPOs and SHGs.

Important Terms Explained:

• FPOs (Farmer Producer Organisations): Farmer-owned organizations that aggregate produce for processing and marketing, improving scale and bargaining power.
• SHGs (Self-Help Groups): Informal groups of people, often women, who collaborate for savings and livelihood generation—eligible for seed capital and project support under food schemes.
• PLISFPI (Production Linked Incentive Scheme for Food Processing Industry): A Central Sector Scheme launched to boost domestic manufacturing and promote exports in the food processing sector.

Scheme Names:

• PMKSY: Pradhan Mantri Kisan SAMPADA Yojana – infrastructure development and value addition
• PMFME: PM Formalization of Micro Food Processing Enterprises – support to micro units, SHGs, and FPOs
• PLISFPI: Production Linked Incentive Scheme for Food Processing Industry – support to large-scale processing units

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs July 26 & 27

19. Which of the following initiatives was launched to make Rashtrapati Bhavan more inclusive during President Droupadi Murmu’s third year in office?
A) Rashtrapati Bhavan Cultural Festival
B) Digital India Summit
C) E-Upahaar Season 2
D) Bharat Gaurav Portal
E) Smart India Connect
Answer: C) E-Upahaar Season 2

Event and Location:

• Event: President Droupadi Murmu completes three years in office and launches multiple inclusive initiatives
• Location: Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Declare Rashtrapati Bhavan and President’s Estate as Divyangjan-friendly premises.
  • Launch official websites of Rashtrapati Bhavan in 22 Indian languages.
  • Inaugurate visitor-centric facilities across Rashtrapati Bhavan, Nilayam, and Niwas.
  • Launch E-Upahaar Season 2 auctioning over 250 items for child welfare.
  • Publish a digital e-book covering one year of presidential work.
  • Begin initiatives for Net Zero transition of Rashtrapati Bhavan by March 2027.
• Objectives:
  • Improve accessibility and inclusion at key national heritage sites.
  • Increase public engagement with the presidency.
  • Promote linguistic diversity and digital outreach.
  • Support welfare causes and environmental sustainability.

Important Terms Explained:

• Divyangjan-friendly Estate: A public space adapted for use by persons with disabilities, following accessibility standards.
• E-Upahaar: A digital auction platform by Rashtrapati Bhavan for auctioning gifted items; proceeds go to charitable causes.
• Net Zero Initiative: Efforts aimed at achieving carbon neutrality by balancing carbon emissions with removal or offsetting actions.

Tabular Summary:

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20. Under the new internship scheme launched by Madhya Pradesh in July 2025, what monthly stipend is offered to unemployed women?
A) ₹3,000
B) ₹4,500
C) ₹5,000
D) ₹6,000
E) ₹7,000
Answer: D) ₹6,000

Event and Location:

• Event: Madhya Pradesh launches stipend-linked internship scheme to boost employment and skill development
• Location: Madhya Pradesh, India
• Date: July 27, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Madhya Pradesh government introduced a monthly stipend-linked internship scheme offering ₹6,000 to women and ₹5,000 to men, with hands-on training in registered industries to promote job readiness and industrial support.
• Objectives: To reduce youth unemployment, enhance female workforce participation, support industrial manpower demand, and integrate welfare with workforce development under a gender-inclusive and regionally balanced growth framework.

Important Terms Explained:

• Stipend-Linked Internship Scheme: A government initiative that links monthly stipends with practical internships in industries to equip unemployed youth with skills and job experience.
• Ladli Behna Yojana: A flagship welfare scheme in Madhya Pradesh aimed at empowering women through financial aid, now being integrated with skill-based interventions.
• Acharpura Industrial Area: A focus region in Madhya Pradesh identified for industrial expansion and as a training hub under this new employment scheme.

Tabular Summary:

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21. During which festival did PM Modi describe the Chola Empire as an “ancient roadmap” for a developed India?
A) Pongal
B) Aadi Thiruvathirai
C) Karthigai Deepam
D) Chithirai Thiruvizha
E) Masi Magam
Answer: B) Aadi Thiruvathirai

Event and Location:

• Event: PM Modi addresses Aadi Thiruvathirai festival and honours Chola legacy
• Location: Gangaikonda Cholapuram Temple, Ariyalur district, Tamil Nadu
• Date: July 27, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: PM Narendra Modi attended the Aadi Thiruvathirai festival and released a commemorative coin honouring Rajendra Chola I, highlighting the Chola Empire’s legacy in nation-building, maritime strength, and cultural unity.
• Objectives: To inspire a ‘Viksit Bharat’ vision through the values of ancient India, celebrate Tamil heritage, promote cultural integration, and reinforce India’s commitment to preserving its civilizational treasures.

Important Terms Explained:

• Chola Empire: One of the greatest dynasties in South India, known for naval strength, architectural wonders, and cultural integration; rulers like Rajendra Chola I expanded India’s maritime and military influence.
• Gangaikonda Cholapuram Temple: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, built by Rajendra Chola I; renowned for its Dravidian architecture, sculptures, and inscriptions.
• Sengol: A sacred Shaivite sceptre, symbolizing just rule; ceremonially installed in India’s new Parliament in 2023 as a tribute to Tamil spiritual traditions.

Tabular Summary:

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22. What is the total value of development projects inaugurated or dedicated by PM Modi during his Tamil Nadu visit in July 2025?
A) ₹3,000 crore
B) ₹4,800 crore
C) ₹6,000 crore
D) ₹5,500 crore
E) ₹7,200 crore
Answer: B) ₹4,800 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: PM Modi inaugurates and dedicates multiple infrastructure and development projects
• Location: Tamil Nadu (Tuticorin, Tiruchirappalli, etc.)
• Date: July 26–27, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • PM Modi inaugurated and laid foundation stones for development projects worth over ₹4,800 crore, covering aviation, highways, port infrastructure, railway electrification, and power transmission.
• Objectives:
  • To enhance regional connectivity, boost tourism and trade, support clean energy and efficient logistics, and commemorate Tamil heritage through the Aadi Thiruvathirai Festival.

Important Terms Explained:

• Aadi Thiruvathirai Festival:
  • A traditional Tamil Shaiva festival celebrating the birth star (Ardra) of Lord Shiva and commemorating spiritual contributions of saints like the 63 Nayanmars. This year it also honored Rajendra Chola I.
• V.O. Chidambaranar Port:
  • A major port in Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, facilitating industrial trade and logistics in South India. The North Cargo Berth-III inaugurated here will enhance dry bulk cargo handling.
• Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant:
  • A key nuclear power project in Tamil Nadu. The ISTS power transmission system will evacuate electricity from Units 3 and 4 to reinforce clean energy delivery.

Tabular Summary:

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23. What is the main objective of the newly launched National Cooperative Policy 2025?
A) Promote privatization in rural banking
B) Mandate FDI in agricultural cooperatives
C) Modernize and expand India’s cooperative sector
D) Eliminate agricultural subsidies
E) Centralize all rural governance under one body
Answer: C) Modernize and expand India’s cooperative sector

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of National Cooperative Policy 2025
• Location: Nationwide (India)
• Date: July 24, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Launch and implementation of the National Cooperative Policy 2025 replacing the 2002 policy, drafted by a 48-member committee under Suresh Prabhu.
• Objectives: To revamp the cooperative sector, enhance accessibility, efficiency, transparency, and employment generation, especially in rural India, over the next 20 years.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Cooperative Policy 2025: A long-term strategic policy introduced by the Ministry of Cooperation to strengthen and modernize India’s cooperative sector with an employment-centric approach.
• PACS (Primary Agricultural Credit Societies): Village-level cooperative institutions that provide short-term credit and financial services to farmers and rural communities.
• Viksit Bharat 2047: A government initiative aiming to transform India into a developed nation by the 100th year of independence through reforms, innovation, and inclusive growth.

Tabular Summary:

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24. What is the total amount of land required for the proposed Puducherry Airport expansion, and how much of it falls under Tamil Nadu?
A) 230 acres total, 185 in Tamil Nadu
B) 402 acres total, 217 in Tamil Nadu
C) 217 acres total, all in Puducherry
D) 185 acres total, all in Tamil Nadu
E) 320 acres total, 200 in Tamil Nadu
Answer: B) 402 acres total, 217 in Tamil Nadu

Event and Location:

• Event: Expansion of Puducherry Airport to accommodate larger aircraft
• Location: Puducherry and adjoining Tamil Nadu
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Airports Authority of India (AAI) has proposed the expansion of the Puducherry Airport by acquiring 402 acres of additional land, including 217 acres from Tamil Nadu and 185 acres from Puducherry. The runway will be extended from 1500x30m to 2300x45m with a 20-degree realignment.
• Objectives:
  • To enable the airport to handle larger aircraft such as the Airbus A-320 and A-321, improve regional air connectivity, reduce environmental impact, and support future route expansions like flights to Kochi and Shirdi.

Important Terms Explained:

• Airports Authority of India (AAI):
  • A statutory body under the Ministry of Civil Aviation responsible for creating, upgrading, maintaining, and managing civil aviation infrastructure in India.
• Runway Realignment:
  • The process of altering the existing runway’s angle or position to allow for extended length and width, aimed at accommodating larger aircraft and reducing construction and environmental costs.
• Airbus A-320 and A-321:
  • Narrow-body commercial jets that require longer and wider runways; used in short- to medium-haul air travel globally.

Tabular Summary:

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25. Where was the Malabar River Festival 2025 flagged off?
A) Pullurampara
B) Chalipuzha, Kodenchery
C) KTDC Bar, Kozhikode
D) Pulikayyam Rapid
E) Malabar Express, Kerala
Answer: B) Chalipuzha, Kodenchery

Event and Location:

• Event: Malabar River Festival 2025 flagged off
• Location: Chalipuzha, Kodenchery, Kerala
• Date: July 25, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • The Kerala Adventure Tourism Promotion Society (KATPS) and Kozhikode District Tourism Promotion Council (DTPC), with support from the Indian Kayaking and Canoeing Association (IKCA), are organizing the 3-day Malabar River Festival from July 25 to 27.
• Objectives:
  • To promote adventure tourism in Kerala through professional kayaking events, encourage international sports participation, and boost local tourism in the Kozhikode region.

Important Terms Explained:

• Kerala Adventure Tourism Promotion Society (KATPS):
  • A government body promoting adventure sports and tourism activities across Kerala.
• Indian Kayaking and Canoeing Association (IKCA):
  • The national federation overseeing kayaking and canoeing events in India, affiliated with international water sports bodies.
• Extreme Slalom & Downriver Eliminator:
  • High-intensity kayaking competitions involving navigating rapid river currents through set courses, often requiring both speed and agility.

Tabular Summary:

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Over All Review

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