Daily Current Affairs February 27

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February 27 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs February 27

1. World NGO Day 2026 will be observed on which date?
A) 24 February 2026
B) 25 February 2026
C) 26 February 2026
D) 27 February 2026
E) 28 February 2026
Answer: D) 27 February 2026

Event and Location:

• Event: Observance of World NGO Day 2026
• Location: Global
• Date: 27 February 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: World NGO Day 2026 will be observed globally to recognize the contributions of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) across sectors such as education, healthcare, environment, human rights, and community development
• Objectives: The observance aims to raise awareness about the role of NGOs in social transformation, encourage volunteerism and public participation, strengthen collaboration between civil society and governments, and promote advocacy for sustainable development and social justice

Important Terms Explained:

• Non-Governmental Organization (NGO): A non-profit, voluntary citizens’ group that operates independently of government and works toward social, humanitarian, environmental, or developmental objectives
• Civil Society Organizations (CSOs): Broad term for non-state, non-profit organizations including NGOs that work in advocacy, service delivery, and community development
• Sustainable Development: Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
• Advocacy: Activities aimed at influencing public policy, laws, and social attitudes to bring about positive change

Tabular Summary:

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2. International Polar Bear Day is observed every year on which date?
A) 24 February
B) 25 February
C) 26 February
D) 27 February
E) 28 February
Answer: D) 27 February

Event and Location:

• Event: Observance of International Polar Bear Day 2026
• Location: Global (with focus on the Arctic region)
• Date: 27 February 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: International Polar Bear Day, organized by Polar Bears International, is observed annually on 27 February to raise awareness about climate change, Arctic sea ice loss, and the protection of polar bear mothers and cubs during the critical denning period
• Objectives: The observance aims to promote global climate action, support scientific research on polar bear conservation, protect Arctic habitats, reduce carbon emissions, and encourage public participation in wildlife conservation initiatives

Important Terms Explained:

• Polar Bears International: A global conservation organization dedicated to protecting polar bears and preserving their Arctic habitat through research, education, and advocacy
• Denning Period: The phase during which pregnant polar bears give birth and raise newborn cubs inside snow dens, typically during winter, making them highly vulnerable
• Ursus maritimus: The scientific name for the polar bear, a species dependent on Arctic sea ice for hunting seals
• Arctic Sea Ice Loss: The reduction in the extent and thickness of sea ice in the Arctic due to rising global temperatures, directly affecting polar bear survival
• Climate Change: Long-term shifts in temperature and weather patterns primarily caused by human activities such as greenhouse gas emissions

Tabular Summary:

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3. Chandra Shekhar Azad attained martyrdom on 27 February 1931 at which location?
A) Jallianwala Bagh
B) Sabarmati Ashram
C) Alfred Park
D) Red Fort
E) Kakori Railway Station
Answer: C) Alfred Park

Event and Location:

• Event: 95th Martyrdom Day of Chandra Shekhar Azad
• Location: Alfred Park (now Azad Park), Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh
• Date: 27 February 2025 (Martyrdom: 27 February 1931)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India observed the 95th martyrdom day of Chandra Shekhar Azad, paying tribute to his role in the revolutionary freedom struggle, including leadership in the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), participation in the Kakori Conspiracy, and involvement in the assassination of British officer John Saunders
• Objectives: The observance aims to honor Azad’s sacrifice, commemorate his commitment to India’s independence, and promote awareness of revolutionary movements that contributed to the freedom struggle

Important Terms Explained:

• Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA): A revolutionary organization formed to overthrow British rule in India through armed struggle, reorganized under Azad’s leadership
• Kakori Conspiracy (1925): A train robbery carried out by members of the Hindustan Republican Association to seize British government funds for revolutionary activities
• Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–22): A mass movement led by Mahatma Gandhi urging Indians to withdraw cooperation from British institutions
• Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919): A tragic incident in Amritsar where British troops fired on peaceful protesters, influencing many revolutionaries including Azad
• Simon Commission: A British commission sent to India in 1928 to propose constitutional reforms, widely opposed by Indian leaders

Tabular Summary:

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs February 27

4. What was India’s total when they recorded their highest-ever T20 World Cup score against Zimbabwe in 2026?
A) 218/4
B) 260/6
C) 297/6
D) 256/4
E) 254/6
Answer: D) 256/4

Event and Location:

• Event: India posted their highest-ever T20 World Cup total of 256/4 against Zimbabwe
• Location: MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
• Date: 26 February 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: During the Super 8 stage of the ICC Men’s T20 World Cup 2026, India scored 256/4 against Zimbabwe, registering their highest-ever World Cup total and the second-highest total in tournament history
• Objectives: The objective was to secure a must-win victory to keep India’s semifinal hopes alive, improve net run rate, and strengthen their position in the Super 8 stage

Important Terms Explained:

• ICC Men’s T20 World Cup: An international cricket tournament organized by the International Cricket Council (ICC) featuring national teams competing in the Twenty20 format
• Super 8 Stage: A knockout-phase round in the T20 World Cup where the top teams from the group stage compete for semifinal qualification
• Net Run Rate (NRR): A statistical method used in cricket tournaments to rank teams with equal points, calculated based on runs scored and conceded per over
• T20I: Twenty20 International format of cricket, where each team plays a maximum of 20 overs

Tabular Summary:

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs February 27

5. Under the revised SEBI Mutual Fund Rules 2026, the total number of mutual fund categories has been increased to:
A) 36
B) 38
C) 40
D) 42
E) 45
Answer: C) 40

Event and Location:

• Event: SEBI overhauled Mutual Fund Rules 2026 with expanded categories and stricter norms
• Location: India
• Date: February 27, 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) revised the mutual fund framework by expanding fund categories from 36 to 40, introducing Life-cycle funds, enforcing stricter true-to-label norms, limiting portfolio overlap within the same Asset Management Company (AMC), discontinuing solution-oriented schemes, and allowing higher gold and silver exposure in equity and hybrid schemes
• Objectives: The reform aims to enhance investor protection, improve transparency, reduce duplication of similar schemes, standardize disclosures, and enable structured diversification through regulated exposure to precious metals

Important Terms Explained:

• Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI): India’s capital markets regulator responsible for protecting investor interests and regulating securities markets
• Life-cycle Funds: Long-term investment funds designed to adjust asset allocation automatically based on the investor’s age or investment horizon
• True-to-Label Regime: A regulatory requirement ensuring that mutual fund portfolios strictly align with their declared investment objectives and risk categories
• Asset Management Company (AMC): A company that manages pooled funds collected from investors and invests them in securities
• Exchange Traded Fund (ETF): A marketable security that tracks an index, commodity, or asset and trades on stock exchanges
• ETCDs (Exchange Traded Commodity Derivatives): Exchange-traded instruments that derive value from commodities such as gold and silver
• InvITs (Infrastructure Investment Trusts): Investment vehicles that allow investors to earn returns from infrastructure assets

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs February 27

6. UIDAI has partnered with which technology company to display over 60,000 authorised Aadhaar Centres on digital maps?
A) Microsoft
B) Amazon
C) Apple
D) Google
E) Meta
Answer: D) Google

Event and Location:

• Event: UIDAI partners with Google to display authorised Aadhaar Centres on Google Maps
• Location: India
• Date: 26 February 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) collaborated with Google to display over 60,000 verified Aadhaar Centres, including Aadhaar Seva Kendras (ASKs), on Google Maps, enabling residents to access accurate information about enrolment, updates, services, operating hours, and accessibility features
• Objectives: The initiative aims to improve ease of access to Aadhaar services, eliminate confusion caused by unauthorized centres, enhance transparency in public service delivery, and strengthen digital governance by integrating verified government infrastructure with widely used digital platforms

Important Terms Explained:

• Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI): A statutory authority under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology responsible for issuing Aadhaar numbers and managing the Aadhaar ecosystem
• Aadhaar: A 12-digit unique identity number issued to residents of India, linked to biometric and demographic data for identity verification
• Aadhaar Seva Kendras (ASKs): Modern Aadhaar service centres equipped with enhanced facilities for enrolment, updates, and other Aadhaar-related services
• Google Maps: A digital mapping service that provides navigation, location discovery, and business listing information
• Google Business Profile: A tool that allows organisations to manage verified business information, update service details, and interact with public feedback

Tabular Summary:

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs February 27

7. Google’s Nano Banana 2 image generation tool is powered by which AI model?
A) Gemini 2 Ultra Vision
B) Gemini 3.1 Flash Image
C) Imagen 4 Pro
D) PaLM Vision 3
E) Bard AI Creator
Answer: B) Gemini 3.1 Flash Image

Event and Location:

• Event: Google launched Nano Banana 2, an upgraded AI-powered image generation and editing tool
• Location: Global rollout across Google platforms
• Date: February 27, 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Google introduced Nano Banana 2 built on Gemini 3.1 Flash Image, integrating faster image rendering, improved reasoning, enhanced text rendering, subject consistency, and 4K output across platforms like Gemini App, Vertex AI, Google AI Studio, Google Ads, and Gemini API
• Objectives: The objective is to improve speed-quality balance in AI image generation, enhance contextual accuracy using real-time web knowledge, enable better creative control for users, and support enterprise-level and fast creative workflows through a dual-model approach alongside Nano Banana Pro

Important Terms Explained:

• Nano Banana 2: An AI-powered image generation and editing tool launched by Google in February 2026 that combines speed and reasoning capabilities for high-quality visual outputs
• Gemini 3.1 Flash Image: A multimodal AI model developed by Google designed for rapid image processing, improved instruction-following, enhanced reasoning, and better text rendering within images
• Nano Banana Pro: A high-fidelity AI image generation model introduced in November 2025 focused on deeper reasoning and maximum factual accuracy for enterprise use cases
• Vertex AI: Google Cloud’s managed machine learning platform that enables businesses to build, deploy, and scale AI models
• Gemini API: An application programming interface that allows developers to integrate Gemini AI capabilities into software applications

Tabular Summary:

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8. The India Space Cyber Security Guidelines 2026 were jointly released by CERT-In and which organisation?
A) ISRO
B) DRDO
C) SIA-India
D) IN-SPACe
E) NSIL
Answer: C) SIA-India

Event and Location:

• Event: Release of India Space Cyber Security Guidelines 2026
• Location: New Delhi (DefSat Conference & Expo 2026)
• Date: 26 February 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) and SIA-India jointly released the India Space Cyber Security Guidelines 2026 to secure satellite communication systems, ground stations, and space supply chains amid rising cyber threats
• Objectives: The framework aims to strengthen national cyber resilience, protect strategic space infrastructure, promote defense-in-depth security architecture, and enhance public-private collaboration to safeguard India’s growing space ecosystem

Important Terms Explained:

• Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In): India’s national agency for cyber incident response functioning under Section 70B of the IT Act, 2000, under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
• SIA-India: Satellite Industry Association of India, representing satellite operators, manufacturers, startups, and academic institutions in the Indian space sector
• India Space Cyber Security Guidelines 2026: An advisory framework providing structured cybersecurity principles, controls, and responsibilities for protecting satellites, ground infrastructure, and space supply chains
• Defense in Depth: A cybersecurity strategy that uses multiple layers of security controls across systems to reduce vulnerability to attacks
• Satellite Communication (SatCom): Communication services enabled by satellites for broadcasting, navigation, military communication, disaster management, telemedicine, and connectivity in remote regions

Tabular Summary:

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs February 27

9. Under the Framework of Cooperation between Indian Railways and the Indian Army, what percentage of reservation has been provided for ex-servicemen in Level-1 railway posts?
A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 15%
D) 20%
E) 25%
Answer: D) 20%

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Framework of Cooperation for post-retirement employment of Agniveers and ex-servicemen
• Location: India
• Date: 26 February 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Railways and the Indian Army launched a Framework of Cooperation to provide structured reservation and employment opportunities for Agniveers and ex-servicemen in Indian Railways, including 20% reservation in Level-1 posts and 10% horizontal reservation in Level-2 and above posts for ex-servicemen, along with specific quotas for ex-Agniveers
• Objectives: The initiative aims to ensure a smooth transition from military to civilian careers, generate large-scale employment opportunities in Indian Railways, strengthen civil-military coordination, and utilize the skills and discipline of armed forces personnel in national infrastructure development

Important Terms Explained:

• Framework of Cooperation: A formal agreement between Indian Railways and the Indian Army to expand post-retirement employment pathways for Agniveers and ex-servicemen
• Agniveer: Personnel recruited under the Agnipath scheme for a four-year tenure in the Indian Armed Forces with provisions for post-service opportunities
• Horizontal Reservation: A type of reservation that cuts across vertical categories (such as SC, ST, OBC) and applies within each category
• Level-1 and Level-2 Posts: Categories in Indian Railways recruitment structure, where Level-1 includes entry-level operational posts and Level-2 and above include higher-grade technical and supervisory roles

Tabular Summary:

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs February 27

10. The €20 million climate resilience initiative between India and Germany is funded under which programme?
A) Green Climate Fund
B) International Solar Alliance
C) International Climate Initiative
D) Global Biodiversity Facility
E) UN Adaptation Fund
Answer: C) International Climate Initiative

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of €20 million India–Germany Climate Resilience Initiative
• Location: New Delhi
• Date: February 27, 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India and Germany launched a €20 million climate resilience initiative funded under Germany’s International Climate Initiative (IKI) to support ecosystem-based adaptation in vulnerable regions including the Himalayas, Western Ghats, North-East, island regions, and Lower Gangetic floodplains, while strengthening implementation of India’s National Adaptation Plan (NAP)
• Objectives: The initiative aims to enhance climate resilience in high-risk ecosystems, promote Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) approaches, improve adaptation monitoring frameworks, and explore innovative financing mechanisms such as blended finance, biodiversity credits, and climate insurance schemes

Important Terms Explained:

• International Climate Initiative (IKI): A funding programme of the German government that supports global projects related to climate mitigation, adaptation, forest conservation, and biodiversity protection
• National Adaptation Plan (NAP): A national framework developed under the UNFCCC process to help countries identify medium- and long-term adaptation needs and strategies to address climate change impacts
• Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA): An approach that uses biodiversity and ecosystem services, such as forest restoration and wetland conservation, to help communities adapt to climate change
• Blended Finance: A financing approach that combines public and private sector funds to mobilize additional capital for sustainable development projects
• Biodiversity Credits: Market-based instruments that provide financial incentives for activities that protect or restore biodiversity

Tabular Summary:

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11. Under the 2026 India–Israel Special Strategic Partnership, NPCI International signed an agreement with which Israeli entity to enable UPI integration?
A) Bank Leumi
B) MASAV
C) Tel Aviv Stock Exchange
D) Israel Innovation Authority
E) Hapoalim Bank
Answer: B) MASAV

Event and Location:

• Event: Upgrade of India–Israel ties to Special Strategic Partnership with UPI integration and FTA progress
• Location: India and Israel
• Date: February 2026 (FTA round concluded on 26 February 2026)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India and Israel upgraded bilateral relations to a Special Strategic Partnership, signed 16 agreements across fintech, defence, green energy, AI, and space cooperation, enabled UPI rollout in Israel through NPCI International (NIPL) and MASAV, progressed negotiations on a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) worth $3.62 billion in merchandise trade, and signed a labour mobility pact for 50,000 Indian workers over five years
• Objectives: The partnership aims to deepen digital financial integration, enhance trade and market access, strengthen supply chains in critical minerals and high-tech sectors, expand labour mobility, and promote cooperation in emerging areas such as Artificial Intelligence, Quantum Computing, and Civil Nuclear Energy

Important Terms Explained:

• Unified Payments Interface (UPI): India’s real-time digital payment system developed by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) in 2016, enabling instant “push” and “pull” transactions between bank accounts
• NPCI International (NIPL): The international arm of NPCI responsible for expanding UPI and RuPay globally
• MASAV: Israel’s central payment processor collaborating with NPCI International to integrate UPI into Israel’s payment ecosystem
• Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI): Foundational digital systems such as UPI that enable scalable and interoperable public digital services
• Free Trade Agreement (FTA): A trade pact between countries aimed at reducing or eliminating tariffs and trade barriers to boost bilateral commerce
• Civil Nuclear Energy: Peaceful use of nuclear technology for electricity generation and carbon-neutral energy solutions

Tabular Summary:

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12. During PM Narendra Modi’s 2026 visit to Israel, India and Israel elevated their ties to which new status?
A) Comprehensive Economic Partnership
B) Strategic Cooperation Framework
C) Special Strategic Partnership
D) Enhanced Trade Alliance
E) Bilateral Innovation Pact
Answer: C) Special Strategic Partnership

Event and Location:

• Event: Elevation of India–Israel ties to Special Strategic Partnership for Peace, Innovation and Prosperity
• Location: Israel
• Date: 25–26 February 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: During PM Narendra Modi’s state visit to Israel, both nations upgraded their bilateral relationship to a Special Strategic Partnership, signing 16 agreements covering defence, Artificial Intelligence (AI), cybersecurity, trade, agriculture, space cooperation, worker mobility, and digital payments including UPI linkage
• Objectives: The partnership aims to deepen defence collaboration, accelerate innovation in emerging technologies, advance Free Trade Agreement (FTA) negotiations, expand workforce mobility, strengthen connectivity under India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC), and promote sustainable agricultural and environmental cooperation

Important Terms Explained:

• Special Strategic Partnership: A high-level diplomatic designation reflecting deep cooperation in defence, innovation, trade, and strategic sectors between trusted partners
• Free Trade Agreement (FTA): A formal agreement between countries to reduce or eliminate tariffs and trade barriers to enhance bilateral commerce
• Unified Payments Interface (UPI): India’s real-time digital payment system developed by National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) enabling instant bank-to-bank transfers
• India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC): A proposed connectivity corridor aimed at enhancing trade and infrastructure links between India, the Middle East, and Europe
• India-Israel Industrial R&D and Innovation Fund (I4F): A joint innovation fund supporting collaborative industrial research and development projects between Indian and Israeli companies
• Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies (CET): A framework to strengthen cooperation in advanced technologies such as AI, semiconductors, quantum computing, and biotechnology

Tabular Summary:

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Schemes – Daily Current Affairs February 27

13. Under India’s nationwide HPV vaccination campaign launched in February 2026, which vaccine will be administered free of cost to 14-year-old girls?
A) Cervarix
B) Covaxin
C) Gardasil 9
D) Gardasil 4
E) Rotavac
Answer: D) Gardasil 4

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Nationwide HPV Vaccination Campaign
• Location: Ajmer, Rajasthan (Nationwide rollout across all States and UTs)
• Date: 28 February 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Prime Minister Narendra Modi will launch a nationwide HPV vaccination campaign to provide a free single dose of Gardasil 4 vaccine to 14-year-old girls at government health facilities under the National Health Mission (NHM) framework, with mandatory parental consent and full cold-chain and AEFI monitoring systems
• Objectives: The campaign aims to prevent cervical cancer caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV), reduce the annual burden of nearly 80,000 cases and 42,000 deaths in India, strengthen preventive healthcare infrastructure, and promote early immunization to achieve long-term cancer reduction

Important Terms Explained:

• Human Papillomavirus (HPV): A group of viruses, particularly types 16 and 18, responsible for most cervical cancer cases, and types 6 and 11 associated with other HPV-related conditions
• Gardasil 4: A quadrivalent HPV vaccine manufactured by MSD that protects against HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18
• Adverse Events Following Immunisation (AEFI): Medical events that may occur after vaccination and are monitored to ensure vaccine safety
• National Health Mission (NHM): A flagship public health programme of the Government of India aimed at strengthening healthcare delivery systems
• WHO SAGE: The World Health Organization’s Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization that provides global vaccine policy recommendations

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs February 27

14. Pakyong Airport in Sikkim is being renamed after which freedom fighter popularly known as “Gandhi Pokhrel”?
A) Tashi Namgyal
B) Trilochan Pokhrel
C) Prem Singh Tamang
D) Kazi Lhendup Dorjee
E) Ganesh Tok
Answer: B) Trilochan Pokhrel

Event and Location:

• Event: Renaming of Pakyong Airport as Trilochan Pokhrel Airport
• Location: Sikkim
• Date: 27 February 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Government of Sikkim, under Chief Minister Prem Singh Tamang, announced that Pakyong Airport, the only airport in the state, will be renamed as Trilochan Pokhrel Airport during the 31st Foundation Day celebration of the Akhil Sikkim Khas Chettri Bahun Kalyan Sangh at Rangpo
• Objectives: The objective is to honour Trilochan Pokhrel, popularly known as “Gandhi Pokhrel,” for his role in India’s freedom struggle, recognise Sikkim’s contribution to the national movement, and preserve the historical and cultural legacy of the state

Important Terms Explained:

• Trilochan Pokhrel: Sikkim’s first freedom activist, popularly called “Gandhi Pokhrel,” who participated in the Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement, and Quit India Movement, and worked to spread nationalist ideas in Sikkim
• Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–22): A mass protest led by Mahatma Gandhi urging Indians to withdraw cooperation from British institutions and goods
• Civil Disobedience Movement (1930–34): A nationwide movement initiated by Gandhi, marked by the Salt March, encouraging Indians to defy unjust British laws
• Quit India Movement (1942): A mass civil disobedience movement launched by the Indian National Congress demanding an end to British rule in India
• Pakyong Airport: The only airport in Sikkim, located about 30 km from Gangtok, inaugurated on 24 September 2018 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi to enhance connectivity in the Himalayan region
• Akhil Sikkim Khas Chettri Bahun Kalyan Sangh: A socio-cultural organisation in Sikkim working for community welfare, cultural preservation, and social harmony

Tabular Summary:

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15. The Rail Tech Policy 2026, launched by Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw, primarily focuses on which of the following?
A) Privatization of railway stations
B) Large-scale technology adoption and AI-based safety systems
C) Increasing railway fares
D) Reduction of railway workforce
E) Discontinuation of cargo services
Answer: B) Large-scale technology adoption and AI-based safety systems

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Rail Tech Policy 2026, Rail Tech Portal India, and e-Railway Claims Tribunal
• Location: New Delhi
• Date: 27 February 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ministry of Railways launched the Rail Tech Policy 2026, Rail Tech Portal India, and e-Railway Claims Tribunal (e-RCT) as part of the “52 reforms in 52 weeks” initiative, focusing on AI-based safety systems, innovation platforms for startups, and full digitisation of 23 Railway Claims Tribunal benches within 12 months
• Objectives: The reforms aim to modernize Indian Railways through technology adoption, enhance operational safety using Artificial Intelligence, promote innovation via public-private collaboration, and ensure faster, transparent, and citizen-friendly digital justice delivery

Important Terms Explained:

• Rail Tech Policy 2026: A policy framework introduced by the Ministry of Railways to systematically adopt advanced technologies, encourage innovation, engage startups and academic institutions, and improve safety and efficiency across railway operations
• Rail Tech Portal India: A digital platform that enables innovators and startups to submit proposals, collaborate with railway departments, and pilot technology-driven solutions within Indian Railways
• e-Railway Claims Tribunal (e-RCT): A digital system aimed at enabling online filing, tracking, and faster adjudication of cases under the Railway Claims Tribunal, ensuring transparency and nationwide accessibility
• Railway Claims Tribunal: A quasi-judicial body that adjudicates claims related to railway accidents, compensation, loss of goods, and passenger grievances
• AI-based Elephant Intrusion Detection System: An Artificial Intelligence system designed to detect elephant movement near railway tracks to prevent wildlife accidents
• Gati Shakti Cargo Terminals: Dedicated cargo terminals developed to enhance freight handling efficiency under India’s logistics modernization initiatives

Tabular Summary:

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16. The 400 ft Taram Chu Bridge inaugurated in North Sikkim was constructed by which organisation?
A) National Highways Authority of India
B) Indian Railways
C) Border Roads Organisation
D) National Disaster Response Force
E) Central Public Works Department
Answer: C) Border Roads Organisation

Event and Location:

• Event: Inauguration of restored Chungthang–Lachen Axis and 400 ft Taram Chu Bridge
• Location: North Sikkim, Sikkim
• Date: 26 February 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Raksha Rajya Mantri Sanjay Seth inaugurated the restored 28 km Chungthang–Lachen Axis and the 400 ft Bailey Suspension Taram Chu Bridge, rebuilt by the Border Roads Organisation (BRO) under Project Swastik after damage caused by cloudbursts in 2025, Cyclone Remal in 2024, and the Glacial Lake Outburst Flood in 2023
• Objectives: The projects aim to restore connectivity in North Sikkim, enhance border infrastructure, strengthen defence logistics, improve tourism and trade access, and support regional development under the Atmanirbhar Sikkim – Viksit Bharat Vision

Important Terms Explained:

• Border Roads Organisation (BRO): A road construction executive force under the Ministry of Defence established in 1960 to develop and maintain infrastructure in India’s border and remote areas
• Project Swastik: A BRO project responsible for infrastructure development in Sikkim and parts of West Bengal, focusing on strategic road and bridge construction
• Bailey Suspension Bridge: A portable, pre-fabricated truss bridge commonly used in mountainous and border regions for rapid deployment and restoration of connectivity
• Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF): A sudden release of water from a glacial lake due to structural failure, causing severe flooding downstream
• Cyclone Remal: A cyclonic storm that caused widespread damage in eastern and northeastern India in 2024

Tabular Summary:

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17. President Droupadi Murmu became the first Indian President to fly in which indigenously developed combat helicopter in February 2026?
A) Apache AH-64E
B) Dhruv ALH
C) Rudra
D) LCH Prachand
E) Chetak
Answer: D) LCH Prachand

Event and Location:

• Event: President Droupadi Murmu undertook a sortie in LCH Prachand
• Location: Jaisalmer Air Force Station, Rajasthan (near India–Pakistan border)
• Date: 27 February 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: President Droupadi Murmu flew a 25-minute sortie as co-pilot in the indigenously developed Light Combat Helicopter (LCH) Prachand from Jaisalmer Air Force Station, becoming the first Indian President to fly in an attack helicopter
• Objectives: The sortie aimed to demonstrate India’s defence self-reliance, showcase indigenous aerospace capabilities developed by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), and highlight the operational readiness of the Indian Air Force (IAF) near the sensitive India–Pakistan border

Important Terms Explained:

• Light Combat Helicopter (LCH) Prachand: India’s first indigenously designed and developed attack helicopter built by HAL, equipped with advanced avionics, stealth features, night attack capability, air-to-air and air-to-ground missiles, and high-altitude operational capability
• Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL): A state-owned aerospace and defence company responsible for manufacturing aircraft, helicopters, and avionics systems in India
• Vayu Shakti: A firepower demonstration exercise conducted by the Indian Air Force to showcase its combat capabilities
• Pokharan Firing Range: A military testing range in Rajasthan used for weapons testing and military exercises

Tabular Summary:

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Over All Review

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