Daily Current Affairs February 21

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February 21 | Daily Current Affairs 2024

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs February 21

1. When is International Mother Language Day observed annually?
A) February 14
B) February 17
C) February 21
D) February 25
E) March 1
Answer: C) February 21

Event and Location:

• Event: International Mother Language Day 2025
• Date: February 21, 2025
• Location: Global

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: To promote linguistic and cultural diversity and protect endangered languages
• Focus: Encouraging multilingual education and language preservation
• Contribution: Strengthening social inclusion and digital linguistic representation

Key Highlights:

• Theme for 2025: Silver Jubilee Celebration of International Mother Language Day
• Significance: Marks 25 years of promoting linguistic diversity and preserving mother tongues
• Objective: Emphasizes language preservation, cultural heritage, and inclusive education

History of International Mother Language Day:

• Origins: Inspired by Bangladesh’s 1952 language movement advocating for Bengali recognition
• UNESCO Proclamation: Declared February 21 as International Mother Language Day in 1999

UN Endorsement:

• 2002: The UN General Assembly welcomed the proclamation
• 2007: Resolution A/RES/61/266 promoted language preservation
• 2008: Declared as the International Year of Languages

Significance of International Mother Language Day:

• Preserving Linguistic and Cultural Heritage: Prevents the loss of languages and protects indigenous knowledge
• Promoting Multilingual Education: Improves learning outcomes and sustains linguistic diversity
• Enhancing Social Inclusion: Strengthens cultural respect and equitable opportunities
• Encouraging Digital Inclusivity: Expands linguistic representation in AI, technology, and online education

Important Terms Explained:

• International Mother Language Day:
  • Established By: UNESCO in 1999
  • Objective: Promotes linguistic diversity and mother tongue preservation
• Resolution A/RES/61/266:
  • Adopted By: United Nations General Assembly in 2007
  • Purpose: Encourages member states to protect and preserve all languages

Tabular Summary:

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2. When is Arunachal Pradesh Foundation Day celebrated?
A) January 25
B) February 20
C) March 15
D) April 2
E) May 10
Answer: B) February 20

Event and Location:

• Event: Arunachal Pradesh Foundation Day 2025
• Date: February 20, 2025
• Location: Arunachal Pradesh, India

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: To commemorate Arunachal Pradesh’s transition to statehood in 1987
• Implementation: Celebrations featuring cultural events, historical tributes, and official ceremonies
• Significance: Highlights the state’s rich heritage, biodiversity, and socio-economic progress

Key Highlights:

• Statehood Achieved: February 20, 1987, through the 55th Constitutional Amendment

Historical Background:

• 1826: Treaty of Yandaboo brought the region under British control
• 1914: Shimla Treaty defined the boundary between Tibet and NEFA
• 1972: NEFA renamed Arunachal Pradesh and made a Union Territory
• 1987: Became India’s 24th state

Major Celebrations in 2025:

• State-Level Events:
  • Ceremonial functions in Itanagar
  • Speeches by political leaders on the state’s progress
  • Awards recognizing contributions to Arunachal Pradesh
• Cultural Programs:
  • Traditional folk dances and music performances by various tribes
  • Exhibitions showcasing Arunachal Pradesh’s history, crafts, and traditions
• Public Festivities:
  • Community feasts featuring traditional Arunachali cuisine
  • Sports events and competitions held across different districts

Interesting Facts About Arunachal Pradesh:

• Geographical & Demographic Features:
  • Largest State in Northeast India: Covers 83,743 sq. km
  • Lowest Population Density: Just 13 persons per sq. km
  • First Sunrise in India: Dong village receives India’s first sunlight
• Biodiversity & Environment:
  • 82% forest cover, one of the most ecologically diverse regions in India
  • Home to Namdapha and Mouling National Parks
  • Highest Peak: Kangto (7,090 meters)
• Cultural & Historical Significance:
  • Home to 26 major tribes and over 100 sub-tribes
  • Tawang Monastery: India’s largest and world’s second-largest Buddhist monastery

Important Terms Explained:

• 55th Constitutional Amendment (1987):
  • Purpose: Granted full statehood to Arunachal Pradesh on February 20, 1987
  • Significance: Made it India’s 24th state
• Shimla Treaty (1914):
  • Agreement Between: British India, Tibet, and China
  • Significance: Defined the boundary between Tibet and NEFA (now Arunachal Pradesh)

Tabular Summary:

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3. When is Mizoram Foundation Day celebrated?
A) January 26
B) February 20
C) March 15
D) April 2
E) May 10
Answer: B) February 20

Event and Location:

• Event: Mizoram Foundation Day 2025
• Date: February 20, 2025
• Location: Mizoram, India

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: To commemorate Mizoram’s transition to statehood in 1987
• Implementation: Celebrations honoring the state’s history, culture, and development
• Significance: Recognizes the struggles of the Mizo people and their contributions to India’s diversity

Key Highlights:

• Statehood Achieved: February 20, 1987, under the 53rd Constitutional Amendment Act

Historical Background:

• 1961: Formation of the Mizo National Front (MNF) demanding autonomy
• 1966: Armed insurgency by MNF seeking independence
• 1986: Mizoram Peace Accord signed between MNF and the Indian government
• 1987: Mizoram became India’s 23rd state

Major Celebrations in 2025:

• Government Events:
  • Public addresses by the Governor and Chief Minister
  • Awards for contributions to Mizoram’s development
• Cultural Programs:
  • Traditional Cheraw (Bamboo Dance) performances
  • Exhibitions showcasing Mizoram’s tribal art, music, and crafts
• Community Gatherings:
  • Traditional feasts featuring Mizo cuisine like Bai, Bamboo Shoot Dishes, and Sawhchiar
  • Social events promoting community unity
• Sports & Awareness Campaigns:
  • Football, archery, and traditional wrestling competitions
  • Environmental and educational awareness programs

Interesting Facts About Mizoram:

• Highest Literacy Rate in Northeast India: 91.33%
• Home to the World’s Largest Family: Ziona Chana had over 180 family members
• Tribal Population: 95% of Mizoram’s population belongs to Scheduled Tribes
• Lush Greenery: Over 75% of the state is covered in forests
• Aizawl – The Capital: Known for its scenic landscapes and vibrant culture

Important Terms Explained:

• 53rd Constitutional Amendment Act (1987):
  • Purpose: Granted full statehood to Mizoram on February 20, 1987
  • Significance: Made Mizoram the 23rd state of India
• Mizoram Peace Accord (1986):
  • Agreement Between: Mizo National Front (MNF) & Government of India
  • Outcome: Ended two decades of insurgency, leading to statehood

Tabular Summary:

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4. Where was the 2nd Simolu Festival held in February 2025?
A) Kaziranga National Park, Assam
B) Bwisang-Na, Barunguri, Laokhowa, Assam
C) Sundarbans, West Bengal
D) Nameri National Park, Assam
E) Manas National Park, Assam
Answer: B) Bwisang-Na, Barunguri, Laokhowa, Assam

Event and Location:

• Event: 2nd Simolu Festival
• Date: February 15-16, 2025
• Location: Bwisang-Na, Barunguri, Laokhowa, Assam

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose:
  • Celebrate the blooming of Bombax ceiba (Shimul) flowers
  • Promote eco-tourism, conservation, and Assam’s cultural heritage
  • Engage local communities, students, and conservationists in environmental awareness
• Implementation:
  • Organized by eco-tourism groups, conservationists, and local administration
  • Featured cycling, camping, cultural performances, and conservation awareness programs

Key Highlights:

• Festival Location & Natural Significance:
  • Bwisang-Na eco-resort is known for its wetlands, grasslands, and diverse wildlife
  • Simolu (Shimul) trees bloom, turning the landscape vibrant red
  • The festival aimed to highlight Laokhowa and Donduwa Beel as eco-tourism destinations

Main Activities at the Festival:

1. Cycling Through the Simolu Track
   • Participants cycled along scenic trails filled with blooming Shimul flowers
   • The route covered wetlands and grasslands, rich in biodiversity
   • Dr. Sonali Ghosh (Kaziranga National Park Field Director) praised the experience as an adventure blending nature with conservation
2. Camping & Ethnic Cuisine
   • Visitors stayed at Bwisang-Na eco-resort
   • Local delicacies were showcased, preserving Assamese and tribal culinary traditions
   • Cultural performances like folk dances and music celebrated the region’s rich heritage
3. Cyclothon to Donduwa Beel
   • Cyclists rode to Donduwa Beel, a biodiversity hotspot with migratory birds, aquatic plants, and wetland wildlife
   • Promoted eco-tourism and environmental awareness
4. Conservation Awareness & Debriefing
   • Experts held sessions on biodiversity, climate change, and sustainable tourism
   • Discussions focused on wetland ecosystem conservation
5. Student Nature Walk & Certificate Distribution
   • Local students participated in guided nature walks
   • Certificates were awarded to encourage youth engagement in conservation

Significance of the Festival:

1. Promoting Eco-Tourism
   • Showcased Laokhowa and Donduwa Beel as hidden eco-tourism destinations
   • Encouraged sustainable tourism that supports conservation
2. Cultural Heritage & Ethnic Identity
   • Celebrated indigenous culture through music, dance, and cuisine
   • Strengthened community involvement in tourism
3. Conservation & Environmental Awareness
   • Highlighted the importance of wetland ecosystems
   • Emphasized preserving Bombax ceiba (Simolu trees) and local biodiversity
   • Inspired youth participation in conservation efforts

Important Terms Explained:

• Bombax ceiba (Shimul Tree):
  • A tall flowering tree that produces bright red blooms in spring
  • Found in Assam’s wetlands and forests, it supports biodiversity
• Donduwa Beel:
  • A wetland in Assam known for its rich birdlife and aquatic biodiversity
  • A vital eco-tourism and conservation site

Tabular Summary:

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs February 21

5. Who is the fastest player to reach 11,000 ODI runs?
A) Sachin Tendulkar
B) Ricky Ponting
C) Rohit Sharma
D) Virat Kohli
E) Sourav Ganguly
Answer: D) Virat Kohli

Event and Location:

• Event: Rohit Sharma Becomes the Second Fastest to 11,000 ODI Runs
• Date: February 20, 2025
• Location: Dubai, UAE (Champions Trophy 2025 match vs Bangladesh)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: Recognizing Rohit Sharma’s achievement in ODI cricket
• Implementation: Reached 11,000 ODI runs in 261 innings
• Significance: Becomes 4th Indian and 10th overall player to achieve this milestone

Key Highlights:

1. Rohit Sharma’s Milestone:
   • Innings Taken: 261 (Second fastest after Virat Kohli – 222 innings)
   • Match Situation: Achieved in the 4th over vs Bangladesh, hitting Mustafizur Rahman for a boundary
   • ODI Matches Played: 270
2. Top 5 Fastest to 11,000 ODI Runs:

Rohit Sharma’s ODI Career Stats (as of Feb 20, 2025):

• Total Matches: 270
• Total Runs: 11,000+
• Batting Average: Nearly 50
• Centuries: 32
• Half-Centuries: 52
• Total Sixes: 338 (2nd highest in ODI history, after Shahid Afridi – 351 sixes)

India’s All-Time ODI Run Scorers:

Important Terms Explained:

• One-Day Internationals (ODIs):
  • Format: 50-over cricket matches played between international teams
  • First Played: 1971 (England vs Australia)
  • Governing Body: International Cricket Council (ICC)
• Champions Trophy:
  • Organized By: ICC
  • Format: Limited-overs international tournament
  • 2025 Host: UAE (Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah)

Tabular Summary:

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6. Who holds the record for being the fastest bowler to reach 200 ODI wickets?
A) Mohammed Shami
B) Ajit Agarkar
C) Mitchell Starc
D) Saqlain Mushtaq
E) Brett Lee
Answer: C) Mitchell Starc

Event and Location:

• Event: Mohammed Shami Becomes Fastest Indian to 200 ODI Wickets
• Date: February 20, 2025
• Location: Dubai, UAE (ICC Champions Trophy 2025 – IND vs BAN match)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: Recognizing Mohammed Shami’s achievement in ODI cricket
• Implementation: Achieved 200 ODI wickets in just 110 matches
• Significance: Becomes fastest Indian and joint second-fastest globally to reach the milestone

Key Highlights:

• Fastest Indian to 200 ODI Wickets:
  • Achieved in 110 matches, breaking Ajit Agarkar’s Indian record (133 matches)
  • Becomes 8th Indian bowler to reach the 200-wicket mark
  • Globally, joint second fastest with Saqlain Mushtaq (110 matches)
  • Only Mitchell Starc (102 matches) has achieved this faster
• Most Wickets for India in ICC ODI Events:
  • Became India’s highest wicket-taker in ICC ODI events with 60 wickets in 19 matches
  • Surpassed Zaheer Khan’s record of 59 wickets
  • Best strike rate in ICC ODI tournaments: 15.5 (minimum 50 wickets)
• Shami’s Performance in IND vs BAN (Champions Trophy 2025):
  • Five-wicket haul in the match
  • Dismissed key Bangladeshi batters:
    • Soumya Sarkar – Caught behind by KL Rahul
    • Mehidy Hasan Miraz – Caught at slip by Shubman Gill
    • Jaker Ali – Caught by Virat Kohli (200th ODI wicket)
    • Tanzim Hasan Sakib – Bowled with an off-cutter
    • Taskin Ahmed – Caught at deep midwicket
• Best Strike Rates in ICC ODI Events (Minimum 50 Wickets):

• • Shami’s exceptional strike rate makes him the most effective wicket-taker in ICC ODI history.
• Comeback After Injury:
  • Last played in the 2023 ODI World Cup final before undergoing surgery
  • Faced rehabilitation struggles but remained determined to return
  • Rohit Sharma’s support: Prioritized Shami’s return over immediate performance expectations

Important Terms Explained:

• Strike Rate (Bowling):
  • Formula: Balls bowled per wicket taken
  • Lower strike rate = More effective wicket-taking ability
• ICC Champions Trophy:
  • Organized By: International Cricket Council (ICC)
  • 2025 Host: UAE (Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah)
  • Format: 50-over knockout tournament for top ODI teams

Tabular Summary:

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Ranking – Daily Current Affairs February 21

7. Which state recorded the highest number of bird species in the Great Backyard Bird Count (GBBC) 2025?
A) Uttarakhand
B) Assam
C) Maharashtra
D) West Bengal
E) Karnataka
Answer: D) West Bengal

Event and Location:

• Event: Great Backyard Bird Count (GBBC) 2025
• Date: February 14–17, 2025
• Location: India

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: A global birdwatching event promoting species documentation and conservation
• Focus: Tracking bird population trends and diversity
• Contribution: Citizen science initiative engaging volunteers worldwide

Key Findings:

• Total Bird Species in India: 1,068
• Top State: West Bengal (543 species)
• Top District (Species Count): Darjeeling (252 species)
• Top District (Checklists): South 24 Parganas (513 checklists)
• Notable Sightings: Ibisbill (Jhalong), Spotted Crake (Baruipur), Common Starling (Malda)

Participation and Observations:

• Total Participants in India: 5,300+
• Participants from Bengal: 344
• Top Observer: Baharuddin Sk (310 species)
• Top Checklist Contributor: Santanu Manna (112 checklists)

Important Terms Explained:

• Great Backyard Bird Count (GBBC):
  • Started In: 1998
  • India’s Participation: Since 2013
  • Objective: Birdwatchers record and report species for conservation
• Citizen Science:
  • Definition: Research conducted by amateur volunteers
  • Significance: Helps collect large-scale bird population data

Tabular Summary:

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8. Who is the richest woman in the Forbes Women Billionaire List 2025?
A) Francoise Bettencourt Meyers
B) Julia Koch
C) Alice Walton
D) Savitri Jindal
E) MacKenzie Scott
Answer: C) Alice Walton

Event and Location:

• Event: Forbes Women Billionaire List 2025 Release
• Date: February 2025
• Location: Global

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: To highlight the wealthiest women globally and their influence in various industries
• Focus: Showcasing female leadership in business, technology, and finance
• Contribution: Recognizing women who have amassed billion-dollar fortunes through inheritance, entrepreneurship, and investment

Key Highlights:

• Total Women Billionaires: 13.3% of the global billionaire population in 2024
• Collective Net Worth: The top 10 richest women collectively hold over $500 billion
• Industries Represented: Retail, pharmaceuticals, finance, technology, industrial manufacturing

Top 10 Richest Women in the World (2025):

The Rise of Women Billionaires:

• Growing Representation: More women are appearing in billionaire rankings due to shifting business dynamics
• Inherited Wealth vs. Self-Made: Some inherited fortunes, while others built billion-dollar businesses
• Industry Influence: Women billionaires impact retail, technology, finance, shipping, and manufacturing

Important Terms Explained:

• Forbes Billionaire List:
  • Objective: Annual ranking of the world’s wealthiest individuals based on net worth
  • Significance: Recognizes financial success, economic influence, and leadership in global industries
• Alice Walton:
  • Net Worth: $112.5 billion (Richest woman in the world in 2025)
  • Source of Wealth: Walmart (Heiress of the Walton family fortune)

Tabular Summary:

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs February 21

9. What is the primary function of Bima-ASBA, introduced by IRDAI?
A) Allows direct premium deduction from bank accounts
B) Enables UPI-based insurance premium payments by blocking funds until policy approval
C) Requires customers to prepay premiums before policy underwriting
D) Charges additional fees for secure insurance transactions
E) Eliminates the need for bank transactions in insurance payments
Answer: B) Enables UPI-based insurance premium payments by blocking funds until policy approval

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Bima-ASBA by IRDAI
• Effective From: March 1, 2025
• Location: India

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: To enhance transparency and security in life and health insurance premium payments
• Implementation: A UPI-based system where funds remain blocked until policy approval
• Regulatory Requirement: Mandatory for all life and health insurers

Key Highlights:

• Payment Mechanism: One-time UPI mandate (OTM) blocks funds until the insurer approves the policy
• Fund Blocking Duration: Maximum 14 days or until an underwriting decision is made
• Refund Policy: Immediate release of funds within one working day if the proposal is rejected
• Customer Charges: No extra fees for policyholders
• Real-Time Updates: Notifications at every stage—fund blocking, debiting, and release
• Bank Partnerships: Insurers must collaborate with multiple banks to ensure seamless transactions

How Bima-ASBA Works:

• Fund Blocking: Customers authorize the premium amount via UPI without immediate debit
• Underwriting Process: The insurer reviews the policy application while funds remain blocked
• Approval: If accepted, the blocked amount is debited as premium payment
• Rejection: If declined, funds are unblocked and returned within one working day

Impact on the Insurance Industry:

• Security Enhancement: Prevents unauthorized deductions by debiting funds only after approval
• Operational Efficiency: Reduces transaction failures and simplifies the payment process
• Customer Trust: Ensures policyholders retain control over their funds until policy confirmation
• Regulatory Compliance: Insurers must maintain detailed records of all transactions

Important Terms Explained:

• Bima-ASBA (Bima Applications Supported by Blocked Amount):
  • Objective: A UPI-based system for insurance premium payments, ensuring funds are debited only after policy approval
  • Effective From: March 1, 2025
  • Regulation: Mandatory for all life and health insurers
• One-Time UPI Mandate (OTM):
  • Definition: A system allowing policyholders to block funds for a specific transaction without immediate deduction
  • Significance: Enhances security and prevents unauthorized debits

Tabular Summary:

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10. What is the primary purpose of the RBIDATA app launched by RBI?
A) To facilitate online banking transactions
B) To provide seamless access to macroeconomic and financial data
C) To offer stock market analysis and trading services
D) To enable digital lending and loan applications
E) To track cryptocurrency trends in India
Answer: B) To provide seamless access to macroeconomic and financial data

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of RBIDATA Mobile App by RBI
• Date: February 21, 2025
• Location: India

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: To provide easy access to economic and financial data for researchers, policymakers, and the public
• Implementation: Integrated with RBI’s Database on the Indian Economy (DBIE)
• Availability: Free for iOS and Android users (version 12 and above)

Key Highlights:

• Data Access: Provides 11,000+ macroeconomic and financial data series
• Interactive Visualization: Users can analyze financial trends using graphs and charts
• Search & Reports: Advanced search function and “Popular Reports” section for frequently accessed data
• Banking Facility Locator: Helps users find bank branches and financial services within a 20 km radius
• SAARC Economic Data: Offers financial statistics from SAARC nations for comparative analysis

Features that Enhance Data Accessibility:

• User-Friendly Design: Presents financial data in a structured and interactive format
• Real-Time Updates: Ensures accuracy by connecting directly to RBI’s DBIE portal
• Dataset Information: Each dataset includes source details, measurement units, and update frequency
• Feedback Mechanism: Users can submit feedback for future enhancements

Impact of RBIDATA on Financial Analysis:

• Transparency: Increases public access to macroeconomic data for informed decision-making
• Efficiency: Simplifies financial research with interactive tools and structured reports
• Policy Support: Aids policymakers in analyzing economic trends effectively
• Academic Use: Supports students and researchers in conducting financial studies

Important Terms Explained:

• RBIDATA:
  • Objective: A mobile app launched by RBI to provide seamless access to macroeconomic and financial data
  • Integration: Linked with RBI’s Database on the Indian Economy (DBIE)
  • Key Features: Interactive charts, search function, banking outlet locator, and SAARC economic data
• Database on the Indian Economy (DBIE):
  • Managed By: Reserve Bank of India
  • Purpose: A centralized financial data repository offering real-time economic insights

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs February 21

11. What is India’s projected GDP growth for Q3 FY25 according to ICRA?
A) 5.4%
B) 6.2%
C) 6.4%
D) 6.5%
E) 7.0%
Answer: C) 6.4%

Event and Location:

• Event: India’s Q3 FY25 GDP Growth Projection
• Date: February 2025
• Location: India

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: Assess India’s economic performance in Q3 FY25
• Implementation: Growth driven by government spending and export recovery
• Significance: Highlights India’s economic resilience and sectoral growth trends

Key Highlights:

• GDP Growth Projection (ICRA): 6.4%
• Previous Quarter Growth: 5.4% (Q2 FY25)
• Gross Value Added (GVA) Growth: 6.6%
• Sector-Wise Growth:
  • Industry: 6.2%
  • Services: 7.7%
  • Agriculture: 4.0%

Major Growth Drivers:

• Government Spending: Increased public investments in infrastructure and welfare schemes
• Export Growth:
  • Service exports hit a record $36.9 billion in December 2024
  • Merchandise exports rebounded, boosting overall economic activity

Strong Industrial & Service Sector Performance:

• Services sector grew the fastest at 7.7%
• Industry expanded by 6.2%, supported by policy incentives

Comparison with Other Projections:

• SBI GDP Estimate: 6.2%-6.3% for Q3 FY25
• IMF Growth Forecast: 6.5% for FY25 and FY26

Challenges & Future Outlook:

• Concerns Impacting Growth:
  • High unemployment despite economic expansion
  • Food inflation & weak consumer spending affecting demand
  • Need for structural reforms in labor and land policies
• Long-Term Outlook:
  • India remains one of the fastest-growing economies globally
  • Sustaining growth requires continued policy support, economic reforms, and workforce development

Important Terms Explained:

• Gross Value Added (GVA):
  • Definition: Measures economic productivity by calculating output from different sectors
  • Significance: Provides a detailed sectoral view of growth
• EBIDTA (Earnings Before Interest, Depreciation, Taxes, and Amortization):
  • Function: Measures a company’s operating profitability
  • SBI’s Analysis: Found 74% of economic indicators showed acceleration in Q3 FY25

Tabular Summary:

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12. Which technology company has Tata Power partnered with to drive India’s smart energy transition?
A) Microsoft
B) Google Cloud
C) IBM
D) Amazon Web Services (AWS)
E) Infosys
Answer: D) Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Event and Location:

• Event: Tata Power Partners with AWS for India’s Smart Energy Transition
• Date: February 2025
• Location: India

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: Modernize Tata Power’s digital infrastructure to enhance operational efficiency and grid resilience
• Implementation: Migrating 23 mission-critical applications to AWS using Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS)
• Significance: Supports India’s renewable energy goals by integrating cloud, AI, and IoT technologies

Key Highlights:

1. Digital Transformation for Energy Efficiency:
   • Tata Power is leveraging cloud computing, AI, and IoT to optimize energy distribution
   • Enables real-time energy monitoring and automation for grid stability
   • Enhances service reliability by reducing energy inefficiencies
2. Consumer Empowerment & Smart Energy Management:
   • Consumers will get digital platforms for monitoring and controlling their energy usage
   • AWS’s AI and machine learning capabilities will optimize energy distribution
   • Promotes green energy adoption by encouraging efficient consumption
3. Contribution to India’s Renewable Energy Goals:
   • India aims for 500 GW of non-fossil fuel energy by 2030
   • Cloud-based grid management enhances energy supply-demand balance
   • Strengthens India’s transition to a low-carbon, tech-driven power sector

Impact of the Tata Power & AWS Collaboration:

Important Terms Explained:

• Amazon Web Services (AWS):
  • Cloud computing division of Amazon, providing scalable storage, AI, and computing power
  • Supports businesses in digital transformation and automation
• Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS):
  • A managed Kubernetes service that automates application deployment and scaling
  • Used to run & manage Tata Power’s mission-critical energy applications
• Grid Resilience:
  • Ensuring power grids can handle fluctuations & disruptions efficiently
  • Critical for stable electricity supply & renewable energy integration

Tabular Summary:

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs February 21

13. Who has been appointed as the Election Commissioner of India in February 2025?
A) Sukhbir Singh Sandhu
B) Gyanesh Kumar
C) Rajiv Kumar
D) Vivek Joshi
E) Anup Chandra Pandey
Answer: D) Vivek Joshi

Event and Location:

• Event: Appointment of Vivek Joshi as Election Commissioner of India
• Date: February 2025
• Location: India

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: To oversee free and fair elections in India
• Implementation: Supervise electoral laws, reforms, and voter participation
• Tenure: Serves for six years or until the age of 65, whichever is earlier

Key Highlights:

• New Role: Appointed as Election Commissioner of India in February 2025
• Educational Background:
  • B.Tech in Mechanical Engineering – IIT Roorkee
  • Master’s in International Business – IIFT, New Delhi
  • MA & Ph.D. in International Economics – Graduate Institute, Geneva
• IAS Career: 1989-batch IAS officer (Haryana cadre)

Notable Positions Held:

• Chief Secretary of Haryana
• Secretary, Department of Personnel and Training (DoPT)
• Secretary, Department of Financial Services
• Registrar General & Census Commissioner of India
• Member Secretary, Fifth State Finance Commission of Haryana

Tenure and Future Prospects:

• Term Duration: February 2025 – February 18, 2031
• Possible Future Role: Likely to become Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) in 2029
• Significance: Could oversee the 2029 Lok Sabha elections

Responsibilities as Election Commissioner:

• Election Oversight: Ensuring free and fair national and state elections
• Electoral Reforms: Implementing laws and enhancing transparency
• Voter Participation: Strengthening voter awareness and accessibility
• Technological Integration: Adopting advanced systems for secure elections

Important Terms Explained:

• Election Commission of India (ECI):
  • Established: 1950
  • Function: Conducts and regulates elections in India
  • Composition: Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) and two Election Commissioners (ECs)
• Chief Election Commissioner (CEC):
  • Appointment: By the President of India
  • Tenure: Six years or until 65 years of age
  • Significance: Oversees major elections, including Lok Sabha and state assemblies

Tabular Summary:

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs February 21

14. Which project won the SKOCH Award 2024 at the 100th SKOCH Summit?
A) Green India Mission
B) Nagaland Forest Management Project
C) National Afforestation Programme
D) Van Dhan Yojana
E) Eco-Restoration Project
Answer: B) Nagaland Forest Management Project

Event and Location:

• Event: SKOCH Award 2024 Presentation
• Date: February 15, 2025
• Location: India Habitat Centre, New Delhi

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: To improve forest ecosystems and support sustainable livelihoods
• Implementation: Managed by the Department of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (DEFCC), Government of Nagaland, with support from JICA
• Duration: 2017–2027

Key Highlights:

• Award Received: SKOCH Award 2024
• Presented At: 100th SKOCH Summit
• Award Recipients: Ango Konyak (Deputy Project Director, NFMP) and Wennyei Konyak (Resident Commissioner, Nagaland House)

Project Coverage:

• Total Area Covered: 79,096 hectares
• Villages Involved: 185 villages across 11 districts
• Forest Ranges Covered: 22
• Livelihood Component: 555 self-help groups to be formed

Focus Areas:

• Forest Management: Sustainable conservation efforts across Nagaland
• Jhum Rehabilitation: Restoration of shifting cultivation areas
• Community Development: Improving rural livelihoods through self-help groups
• Environmental Conservation: Promoting eco-friendly practices in forest areas

Important Terms Explained:

• Nagaland Forest Management Project (NFMP):
  • Objective: Sustainable forest conservation and livelihood enhancement
  • Duration: 2017–2027
  • Supported By: Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
• SKOCH Award:
  • Established By: SKOCH Group
  • Significance: Recognizes excellence in governance, public service, and social development
  • Notable Focus: Best practices in environmental sustainability and rural development

Tabular Summary:

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs February 21

15. Which country was the first to introduce Electronic Personnel License (EPL) for pilots before India?
A) United States
B) United Kingdom
C) China
D) France
E) Germany
Answer: C) China

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Electronic Personnel License (EPL) for pilots
• Date: February 2025
• Location: India

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: To digitize pilot licensing for enhanced convenience, transparency, and security
• Implementation: EPL introduced under the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA)
• Significance: Aligns with India’s digital transformation and aviation modernization goals

Key Highlights:

• Global Ranking: India becomes the second country after China to roll out EPL for flight crew
• Launched By: Civil Aviation Minister K. Rammohan Naidu
• Regulatory Body: DGCA (Directorate General of Civil Aviation)

Benefits of EPL:

• Convenience: Reduces paperwork and simplifies the licensing process
• Transparency: Enables real-time tracking and authentication of pilot credentials
• Efficiency: Speeds up license issuance and renewal procedures
• Security: Reduces fraud risks and improves regulatory compliance

Aviation Sector Growth Projections:

• Pilot Demand: India will require 20,000 additional pilots in the coming years
• Airport Expansion: 50 new airports planned in the next five years
• New Domestic Routes: 120 new domestic routes to be added over the next decade

Future Plans:

• Digital Twin Systems: Real-time decision-making tools for airport management
• Technology Integration: Continued focus on AI-driven aviation solutions

Industry Reactions and Impact:

• Pilots’ Response: Streamlines processes, allowing them to focus on safer travel
• Experts’ View: Marks a significant step in India’s aviation digitalization

Important Terms Explained:

• Electronic Personnel License (EPL):
  • Objective: Digital licensing system for pilots to streamline processes
  • Significance: Ensures faster, more secure, and transparent licensing
• Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA):
  • Function: Regulates India’s aviation sector, including pilot licensing and safety norms

Tabular Summary:

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16. What is Brazil’s status in OPEC+ after joining the group in 2025?
A) Full Member
B) Associate Member
C) Observer
D) Founding Member
E) Non-Member
Answer: C) Observer

Event and Location:

• Event: Brazil Joins OPEC+ as an Observer
• Date: February 2025
• Location: Global

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: To engage in global oil policy discussions without committing to production quotas
• Implementation: Brazil retains control over its oil production while participating in OPEC+ talks
• Significance: Strengthens Brazil’s energy diplomacy while balancing economic and environmental priorities

Key Highlights:

• Observer Status: Brazil can participate in OPEC+ discussions but is not required to follow production cuts
• Strategic Decision: Approved by Brazil’s National Council for Energy Policy
• Government’s Stance: President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva sees oil revenue as a key fund for Brazil’s green energy transition

Impact on Brazil’s Energy Policies:

• Energy Strategy:
  • Brazil seeks to stabilize global oil prices and advocate for sustainable energy policies
  • Oil profits will be used to fund renewable energy projects
• Environmental Concerns:
  • Oil exploration near the Amazon River has sparked criticism from environmental groups
  • The government argues oil revenue is essential for economic growth and climate initiatives
• Petrobras’ Role in Oil Production:
  • Diesel Production Expansion: 120,000 barrels per day increase in 2025 to reduce fuel import dependency
  • Recent Challenges: Petrobras reported a 10.5% drop in oil and gas output in Q4 2024 due to maintenance and unplanned shutdowns
  • Future Outlook: Despite setbacks, Petrobras remains committed to meeting domestic and international energy demands

Brazil’s Global Energy Influence:

• Brazil will use its observer role to push for investments in green energy
• The move enhances Brazil’s position as a major player in global oil and climate policy

Important Terms Explained:

• OPEC+ (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries Plus):
  • Established: 2016 (OPEC + non-OPEC allies)
  • Objective: Regulates oil production to stabilize global oil prices
  • Brazil’s Status: Observer (participates in discussions but retains production independence)
• Petrobras (Petróleo Brasileiro S.A.):
  • Founded: 1953
  • Headquarters: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
  • Role: Brazil’s state-controlled oil company, leading domestic oil production

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs February 21

17. What is the total budget outlay for Uttar Pradesh Budget 2025-26?
A) ₹6.75 lakh crore
B) ₹7.36 lakh crore
C) ₹8.08 lakh crore
D) ₹9.25 lakh crore
E) ₹10.10 lakh crore
Answer: C) ₹8.08 lakh crore

Event and Location:

• Event: Uttar Pradesh Budget 2025-26 Presentation
• Date: February 20, 2025
• Location: Uttar Pradesh, India

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose: To allocate funds for infrastructure, welfare, education, healthcare, and economic growth
• Implementation: Investment in new projects, modernization, and digital transformation
• Significance: Supports Uttar Pradesh’s vision to become a $1 trillion economy

Key Highlights:

• Total Budget: ₹8.08 lakh crore (9.8% increase from ₹7.36 lakh crore in 2024-25)
• New Expenditure: ₹28,478 crore earmarked for new initiatives
• Top Sectors Funded: Infrastructure, education, agriculture, healthcare, AI, and women’s welfare

Sector-Wise Allocations:

Major Announcements & Initiatives:

• Infrastructure Development (₹1.79 lakh crore, 22%)
  • Energy: ₹61,070 crore for power sector improvements
  • Urban Development: ₹25,308 crore for smart city expansion
  • Affordable Housing: ₹7,403 crore for urban housing projects
  • Irrigation: ₹21,340 crore to enhance water conservation
  • Civil Aviation: ₹3,152 crore for airport expansion
  • New Expressways: Construction of four expressways for connectivity
  • Ayodhya Solar City: Transforming Ayodhya into a solar-powered city
• Education (₹1.06 lakh crore, 13%)
  • Smart Classrooms & Labs: Digital learning infrastructure in schools
  • Scholarships: ₹900 crore for pre & post-10th-grade scholarships
  • Meritorious Girls: Scooties for academically outstanding female students
  • Digital Governance: ₹24 crore for laptops to state revenue personnel
• Healthcare (₹50,550 crore, 6%)
  • Free Medical Treatment: ₹5 lakh coverage under CM Jan Arogya Abhiyan
  • New Medical Colleges: 13 new medical colleges, 1,500 new medical seats
  • Medical Infrastructure: Expansion of AIIMS campuses in Gorakhpur & Rae Bareli
• Agriculture & Rural Development (₹89,353 crore, 11%)
  • Farmer Welfare Fund: ₹1,050 crore for financial assistance
  • Water Conservation: Expansion of Namami Gange project
  • Zero Poverty Abhiyan: Identify and uplift poorest families
• Social Welfare & Women Empowerment (₹7,980 crore)
  • Mass Marriage Scheme: ₹550 crore for supporting girls’ marriages
  • Destitute Women Pension: ₹2,980 crore for widows and abandoned women
  • Kanya Sumangala Scheme: ₹700 crore for girls’ education and welfare
• AI & Cybersecurity Initiatives (₹5,000 crore)
  • AI City: Development of a hub for AI and tech-driven growth
  • Cybersecurity Research Park: Strengthening digital security
• Other Key Initiatives:
  • Ujjwala Scheme: Two free LPG cylinders per family annually
  • Labor Welfare Centers: Improved worker facilities in district headquarters
  • Ambedkar Memorial: Construction of Baba Saheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Memorial in Lucknow

Economic Growth & Future Vision:

• Target: Transform Uttar Pradesh into a $1 trillion economy
• GDP Growth: ₹12.89 lakh crore (2017-18) → ₹27.51 lakh crore (2024-25)
• Strategic Development Focus:
  • Trade
  • Tourism
  • Technology
  • Tradition
  • Talent

Important Terms Explained:

• Zero Poverty Abhiyan:
  • Launched On: October 2, 2024 (Gandhi Jayanti)
  • Objective: Identify the poorest families and raise their annual income to ₹1.25 lakh
• CM Jan Arogya Abhiyan:
  • Benefit: Free medical treatment up to ₹5 lakh for specific state employees
  • Target Groups: Home guards, PRD personnel, village watchmen, and teachers

Tabular Summary:

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Over All Review

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