Daily Current Affairs February 20

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February 20 | Daily Current Affairs 2024

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs February 20

1. What is the theme of the World Day of Social Justice 2025?
A) Social Justice for Global Equality
B) Advancing Human Rights for All
C) Strengthening a Just Transition for a Sustainable Future
D) Inclusive Growth for Economic Resilience
E) Ensuring Fair Wages and Social Protection
Answer: C) Strengthening a Just Transition for a Sustainable Future

Event and Location:

• Event: World Day of Social Justice 2025
• Date: February 20, 2025
• Location: Global Observance

History and Significance:

• Origin: Established by the United Nations (UN) in 2007, first observed in 2009.
• Background: Originated from the 1995 World Summit for Social Development in Copenhagen.
• Objective: Promotes fairness, equality, and inclusivity by addressing poverty, unemployment, and social exclusion.

Theme of 2025:

• Title: “Strengthening a Just Transition for a Sustainable Future”
• Importance: Focuses on climate change, economic shifts, and social disparities, aligning with WSSD2.

Key Highlights:

• Multilateralism for Social Justice: Strengthening international cooperation.
• Bridging Gaps & Alliances: Supporting the Global Coalition for Social Justice.
• Economic Justice: Ensuring social justice remains central to global economic policies.

Topics for Discussion:

• Inclusive Growth & Trade Policies: Role of financial institutions in reducing inequality.
• Green Economy Transition: Creating sustainable jobs while protecting workers.
• Sustainable Financing: Green investment for low-income countries.
• Social Protection Systems: Education and skills training for a changing economy.

Global Initiatives:

• Global Coalition for Social Justice: Works on economic growth and labor rights.
• Centre for Dalit and Subaltern Studies (CDSS), India: Conducts awareness programs.
• Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development (RGNIYD), India: Empowers youth.

Tabular Summary:

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs February 20

2. Who won the BBC Indian Sportswoman of the Year (ISWOTY) 2024 award?
A) Aditi Ashok
B) Avani Lekhara
C) Smriti Mandhana
D) Manu Bhaker
E) Vinesh Phogat
Answer: D) Manu Bhaker

Event and Location:

• Event: Manu Bhaker Wins BBC Indian Sportswoman of the Year 2024
• Date: February 2025
• Location: India

Award Details:

• Award Name: BBC Indian Sportswoman of the Year (ISWOTY) 2024
• Organizer: British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)
• Selection Process: Expert panel nominations + Public voting
• Other Nominees: Aditi Ashok (Golf), Avani Lekhara (Para-Shooting), Smriti Mandhana (Cricket), Vinesh Phogat (Wrestling)

Manu Bhaker’s Historic Achievements:

• Olympic Milestone: First Indian woman to win an Olympic medal in shooting (Bronze in 10m Air Pistol, Paris 2024).
• Additional Medal: Won a second bronze in Mixed 10m Air Pistol with Sarabjot Singh.
• Unique Feat: First Indian athlete post-independence to win two medals in a single Olympic Games.
• Historical Reference: The only other Indian to achieve this was Norman Pritchard (Paris 1900 Olympics, two silver medals).

Previous BBC ISWOTY Winners:

• 2019: PV Sindhu (Badminton)
• 2020: Koneru Humpy (Chess)
• 2021 & 2022: Mirabai Chanu (Weightlifting)
• 2023: No award was held

Other BBC Awards 2024 Winners:

• Indian Para-Sportswoman of the Year: Avani Lekhara (Shooting) – First Indian woman to win three Paralympic medals.
• BBC Emerging Athlete of the Year: Sheetal Devi (Archery) – India’s youngest Paralympic medallist at Paris 2024.
• Lifetime Achievement Award: Mithali Raj (Cricket) – Longest-serving Indian women’s cricket captain (2004-2022).

Tabular Summary:

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs February 20

3. What is the purpose of LIC’s newly launched ‘One Man Office’ initiative?
A) To set up small physical branch offices in remote areas
B) To provide LIC agents with 24×7 digital tools for policy management
C) To hire new LIC agents across India
D) To replace all existing LIC branches with digital offices
E) To offer health insurance policies through LIC
Answer: B) To provide LIC agents with 24×7 digital tools for policy management

Event and Location:

• Event: LIC Unveils ‘One Man Office’ to Digitally Empower Agents
• Date: February 17, 2025
• Location: India

Initiative Details:

• Name: One Man Office (OMO)
• Organizer: Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC)
• Objective: Enhance agent efficiency by providing 24×7 digital tools
• Strategic Vision: Supports LIC’s ‘Insurance for All by 2047’ initiative

Key Features of ‘One Man Office’:

• Digital Policy Management: Enables agents to sell policies, calculate premiums, and register e-NACH for auto payments.
• Customer Service Tools: Allows loan requests, claim processing, and renewal premium payments digitally.
• Knowledge & Training Resources: Provides insurance calculators, policy illustrations, and agent training materials.

Integration with ANANDA Platform:

• Platform Name: ANANDA (Atma Nirbhar Agents New Business Digital Application)
• Launched in: 2020 to digitize policy issuance
• Usage: Facilitated over 1.15 million policy sales in FY 2023-24 (42.84% growth from the previous year).
• Impact: The One Man Office and ANANDA integration enables a single-window solution for policy sales and customer management.

LIC’s Other Digital Expansion Plans:

• Jeevan Samarth Initiative: A strategic partnership with A.T. Kearney (July 2024) to modernize LIC’s agency network.
• Health Insurance Expansion: LIC plans to enter the health insurance sector under the composite insurance licensing policy.

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs February 20

4. By what percentage did India’s total exports grow year-on-year (YoY) during April 2024 – January 2025?
A) 5.8%
B) 6.5%
C) 7.2%
D) 8.0%
E) 9.1%
Answer: C) 7.2%

Event and Location:

• Event: India’s Exports Surge by 7.2% YoY in Apr-Jan 2025
• Date: April 2024 – January 2025
• Location: India

Export Growth Details:

• Growth Rate: 7.2% YoY increase in total exports
• Source: Ministry of Commerce & Industry
• Key Contributors: Electronics Manufacturing & Aerospace Industry

Key Drivers of Export Growth:

• Electronics Manufacturing:
  • Dixon Technologies played a major role, assembling Google’s Pixel smartphones.
  • Reported ₹285.77 billion revenue in nine months (ending Dec 2024), up from ₹177.13 billion in FY24.
  • Indian electronics market projected to grow from ₹1.46 trillion (2022) to ₹6 trillion by FY27.
• Aerospace Industry:
  • Hical Technologies & JJG Aero benefitted from increased sourcing by Airbus & Rolls-Royce.
  • Hical aims to double aerospace revenue to $57.57 million in three years.
  • Asia-Pacific aerospace market 54% larger in 2024 compared to 2019.

Challenges to Future Export Growth:

• Potential U.S. Tariffs:
  • Risk of $7 billion in annual export losses if the U.S. imposes reciprocal tariffs.
  • Key sectors affected: Chemicals, metals, jewelry, automobiles, pharmaceuticals, and food products.
  • India exported $74 billion in goods to the U.S. in 2024, majorly pearls, gems, pharmaceuticals, and petrochemicals.

Government’s Export Target for FY25:

• Target: Surpass $800 billion in total exports by March 2025.

Strategy:

• Strengthen bilateral trade relations.
• Enhance production capabilities.
• Diversify export markets to mitigate trade risks.

Tabular Summary:

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5. How many Chartered Accountants (CAs) faced disciplinary action by ICAI in the current financial year, setting a new record?
A) 119
B) 200
C) 241
D) 180
E) 300
Answer: C) 241

Event and Location:

• Event: ICAI Takes Disciplinary Action Against 241 Chartered Accountants
• Date: February 2025
• Location: New Delhi, India

Key Highlights:

• Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) disciplined 241 CAs this financial year.
• Previous Year: 119 CAs faced disciplinary action.
• Penalty: Includes removal from membership for up to five years.
• Reason: Ensuring high ethical standards and a robust disciplinary mechanism.

Statements by ICAI President Charanjot Singh Nanda:

• ICAI aims to maintain the highest ethical standards in the profession.
• ICAI can only act against individual members, while the National Financial Reporting Authority (NFRA) takes action against firms.
• Audit is the exclusive domain of Chartered Accountants, countering demands from Company Secretaries and Cost Accountants.
• ICAI seeks government support to help Indian CA firms expand globally.

Future Initiatives by ICAI:

• Committee to prioritize work-life balance for CAs.
• Collaboration with ICSI & ICMAI to discuss regulatory matters.
• Support for Indian CA firms to grow internationally.

Tabular Summary:

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6. According to Goldman Sachs, what is the estimated maximum impact on India’s GDP due to Trump’s proposed reciprocal tariffs?
A) 0.2%
B) 0.4%
C) 0.6%
D) 1.0%
E) 1.2%
Answer: C) 0.6%

Event and Location:

• Event: India May Face Up to 0.6% GDP Impact from Trump’s Reciprocal Tariffs
• Date: February 2025
• Source: Goldman Sachs Report

Key Highlights of the Report:

• Potential GDP Impact:
  • India’s GDP could be affected by 0.1% to 0.6% due to US reciprocal tariffs.
  • The extent of the impact depends on the tariff increase scenario and price elasticity of US demand for Indian exports.
• India’s Trade Surplus with the US:
  • India’s goods trade surplus with the US doubled in the past decade.
  • It reached $35 billion (~1% of India’s GDP) in FY24, driven by electronics, pharmaceuticals, and textiles.
• India’s Higher Tariff Rates vs. US:
  • India’s average tariff rate is higher than that of the US (6.5 percentage points higher).
  • Sectors with the largest tariff differences:
    • Agricultural products
    • Textiles
    • Pharmaceuticals

Three Possible Ways India Can Be Impacted:

1. Country-Level Reciprocity: US imposes tariffs on all Indian imports, matching the average tariff differential (~6.5 percentage points).
2. Product-Level Reciprocity: US matches India’s tariffs on each imported product (could raise average tariff differential by ~11.5 percentage points).
3. Non-Tariff Barriers: Includes administrative barriers, import licenses, export subsidies, leading to further trade restrictions.

Wider Impact of US Tariffs:

• If the US imposes global tariffs on all countries, India’s GDP exposure to US demand would be ~4%, potentially leading to 0.1%-0.6% GDP impact.
• India’s gross exports to the US are ~2% of its GDP, lower than many emerging market peers.

US-India Relations & Trade Developments:

• US-India Trade Target: $120B (2024) → $500B (2030).
• Defence Imports: India’s US defence imports grew from near zero to $20B, making the US India’s 3rd-largest arms supplier.
• Energy Trade: India and the US reached an agreement to increase US energy imports to India.
• Immigration Policy: 220+ unauthorized Indian immigrants deported by the US in February 2025.

Tabular Summary:

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Acquisitions and Mergers – Daily Current Affairs February 20

7. Which company is set to acquire a 15% stake in Bharti AXA Life Insurance?
A) ICICI Prudential
B) HDFC Life
C) SBI Life
D) 360 ONE Asset
E) Aditya Birla Capital
Answer: D) 360 ONE Asset

Event and Location:

• Event: 360 ONE Asset to Acquire 15% Stake in Bharti AXA Life Insurance
• Date: February 2025
• Location: India

Acquisition Details:

• Investor: 360 ONE Asset
• Stake Acquired: 15% in Bharti AXA Life Insurance
• Objective: Infuse fresh capital, drive innovation, and strengthen market presence
  Regulatory Status: Awaiting approval

Bharti AXA Life Insurance – Ownership & Financial Strength:

• Current Owner: Bharti Life Ventures Private Limited (BLVPL) (Since March 2024)
• Solvency Ratio: 1.64x (June 2024), improved from 1.62x (March 2024)
• Promoter Equity Infusion: ₹135 crore (FY24) + ₹42 crore (Q1FY25)

Expected Impact of the Deal:

• Financial Strength: Enhances capital base and supports long-term growth
• Expansion: Strengthens distribution network and operational reach
• Innovation: Helps in developing customer-centric insurance products

Tabular Summary:

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs February 20

8. Who has been appointed as the new MD & CEO of SBI Cards, effective April 1, 2025?
A) Abhijit Chakravorty
B) Dinesh Kumar Khara
C) Salila Pande
D) Rajnish Kumar
E) Ashwini Kumar Tewari
Answer: C) Salila Pande

Event and Location:

• Event: SBI Cards Appoints Salila Pande as New MD & CEO
• Date: Effective from April 1, 2025
• Location: India

Leadership Change:

• New MD & CEO: Salila Pande (currently Chief General Manager at SBI)
• Predecessor: Abhijit Chakravorty, retiring on March 31, 2025
• Term Duration: Two years, subject to shareholder and regulatory approvals

About Salila Pande:

• Career in Banking: Joined SBI in 1995 as a Probationary Officer

Key Roles:

• Vice President – Mid Office, SBI Singapore
• Deputy General Manager (Business & Operations), Delhi
• President & CEO, SBI California (SBI’s foreign subsidiary)

Educational Qualifications:

• Postgraduate in Physics
• Certified Financial Risk Manager (FRM) – GARP, USA
• Certified Associate of the Indian Institute of Bankers (CAIIB)

Financial Update:

• Q3 FY24 Profit Decline: SBI Cards’ net profit dropped 30% to ₹383 crore, compared to ₹549 crore in Q3 FY23, due to rising credit card delinquencies.

Dividend Announcement:

• Interim Dividend: ₹2.50 per share (25% of ₹10 face value)
• Record Date: February 25, 2025
• Payout Date: By March 18, 2025

Stock Performance:

• Share Price (as of Feb 18, 2025): ₹846.45
• Market Movement: Declined 0.86%

Future Outlook:

• Strategic Focus: Under Salila Pande’s leadership, SBI Cards aims to expand its credit card portfolio, enhance financial performance, and strengthen its position in digital payments.

Tabular Summary:

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9. Who has been sworn in as the new Chief Minister of Delhi in 2025?
A) Atishi
B) Rekha Gupta
C) Sheila Dikshit
D) Manjinder Singh Sirsa
E) Sushma Swaraj
Answer: B) Rekha Gupta

Event and Location:

• Event: Rekha Gupta Sworn in as Delhi’s New Chief Minister
• Date: February 2025
• Location: Ramlila Maidan, Delhi

New Delhi CM Details:

• Name: Rekha Gupta
• Political Party: Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
• Constituency: Shalimar Bagh
• Delhi’s 4th Woman CM: After Sushma Swaraj, Sheila Dikshit, and Atishi
• Administered by: Lt Governor VK Saxena
• Swearing-in Attendees: PM Narendra Modi, Home Minister Amit Shah, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, and other dignitaries

Cabinet Ministers Sworn In:

1. Parvesh Verma
2. Manjinder Singh Sirsa
3. Ashish Sood
4. Pankaj Singh
5. Kapil Mishra
6. Ravinder Indraj Singh

Political Significance:

• BJP’s Focus on Women Leadership: Strengthens BJP’s commitment to women’s empowerment in governance.
• First BJP CM in Delhi in Over a Decade: Replaces AAP’s Atishi-led government.
• Opposition Reaction: Arvind Kejriwal and Atishi congratulated Rekha Gupta, while AAP urged the government to continue development initiatives.

Delhi’s Development Agenda Under Rekha Gupta:

• Financial Assistance: ₹2,500 monthly aid for women, fulfilling BJP’s election promise.
• Environmental Focus: Yamuna River cleaning for better public health.
• Healthcare: Implementation of Ayushman Bharat Yojana for Delhi residents.
• Infrastructure: Traffic decongestion and urban development projects.

Tabular Summary:

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10. Who is leading the IRDAI-formed committee to review the Insurance Act, 1938?
A) N Kannan
B) Saurabh Sinha
C) Dinesh Khara
D) Girish Radhakrishnan
E) M Nagaraju
Answer: C) Dinesh Khara

Event and Location:

• Event: IRDAI Forms Committee to Review the Insurance Act, 1938
• Date: February 2025
• Location: Mumbai, India

Key Highlights of the Committee Formation:

• Regulator Involved: Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI).
• Committee Leader: Dinesh Khara (Former Chairman, SBI).
• Other Members:
  • N Kannan (Former CEO, ICICI Pru Life).
  • Saurabh Sinha (Former Executive Director, RBI).
  • Girish Radhakrishnan (Former CMD, UIIC).
  • Alok Mishra (MD & CEO, MFIN).
  • Rakesh Joshi (Former WTM, IRDAI).
  • L Vishwanathan (Legal Expert).
• Committee’s Task: Review the Insurance Act, 1938, and suggest amendments.
• Report Submission Deadline: Three months.

Expected Changes in the Insurance Sector:

• 100% Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to be allowed in the insurance sector.
• Safeguards to ensure revenue from insurance sales remains in India.
• Introduction of composite insurance companies (covering life, non-life, and health insurance under a single entity).

Budget Announcements Related to Insurance:

• Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced plans to amend the Insurance Act to accommodate 100% FDI.
• Financial Services Secretary M Nagaraju stated that the government will permit composite insurance companies to function.

Tabular Summary:

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs February 20

11. Which Indian philanthropist was recently honored with the Governor of Massachusetts’ Citation?
A) Ratan Tata
B) Sudha Murthy
C) Nita Ambani
D) Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw
E) Indra Nooyi
Answer: C) Nita Ambani

Event and Location:

• Event: Nita Ambani Honored with Governor of Massachusetts’ Citation
• Date: February 2025
• Location: Massachusetts, USA

Award Details:

• Recipient: Nita Ambani
• Awarded By: Governor of Massachusetts, USA
• Recognition For: Contributions to education, healthcare, sports, arts, culture, and women’s empowerment
• Organization: Reliance Foundation (Founder & Chairperson)

Key Contributions:

• Education: Founder of Dhirubhai Ambani International School, one of India’s top-ranked schools.
• Healthcare: Led Sir H.N. Reliance Foundation Hospital, providing world-class medical care.
• Sports:
  • Established Reliance Foundation Young Champs and India Super League (ISL) to nurture young sporting talent.
  • Reliance Foundation received Rashtriya Khel Protsahan Puruskar (2017) for sports development.
• Arts & Culture:
  • Founded Nita Mukesh Ambani Cultural Centre (NMACC) in Mumbai to promote Indian heritage globally.

Other Global Recognitions:

• Citizen of Mumbai Award (2023) – Rotary Club of Bombay.
• Honorary Trustee, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (2019) – First Indian on the board.
• Global Philanthropist & Leader of the Year (2017) – Awarded by Vogue India.

Impact of the Award:

• Strengthens India’s global cultural and philanthropic presence.
• Highlights Reliance Foundation’s role in shaping social development.

Tabular Summary:

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs February 20

12. At which international defense exhibition did Goa Shipyard Ltd (GSL) showcase its indigenous vessels in 2025?
A) Aero India 2025
B) DEFEXPO 2025
C) NAVDEX 2025
D) Euronaval 2025
E) IMDEX Asia 2025
Answer: C) NAVDEX 2025

Event and Location:

• Event: Goa Shipyard Ltd Showcases Indigenous Vessels at NAVDEX 2025
• Date: February 2025
• Location: Abu Dhabi, UAE

Mandates and Objectives:

• Goa Shipyard Ltd (GSL) displayed indigenous Fast Patrol Vessels (FPVs) and Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPVs).
• The exhibition promotes India’s naval innovation and strengthens international defense partnerships.
• The vessels are part of the “Make in India” initiative to boost domestic defense manufacturing.
• The event provides a platform to expand India’s maritime presence globally.

Key Vessels Displayed by GSL:

• Fast Patrol Vessel (FPV):
  • Length & Speed: 50 meters, 35 knots.
  • Role: Anti-smuggling, anti-terrorist operations, patrolling, coastal security.
  • Propulsion System: Three 2,720 kW diesel engines with waterjets for high maneuverability.
  • Capacity: 35 personnel with fully air-conditioned accommodation.
  • Operational Strength: Suitable for long-duration missions in rough sea conditions.
• Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV):
  • Primary Roles: Combat operations, law enforcement, anti-piracy patrols, search and rescue (SAR), and environmental disaster response.
  • Design: Robust steel hull for durability in rough sea conditions and optimized for multi-role adaptability.

Additional Maritime Solutions Showcased:

• Floating Docks: Adapt to tidal movements, unlike traditional fixed docks.
• Pollution Control Vessels: Designed for marine pollution management and oil recovery in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).

Important Terms Explained:

• Make in India:
  • Launched in 2014 to promote indigenous manufacturing in various sectors, including defense.
  • Aims to reduce dependency on imports and boost self-reliance in military production.
• Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ):
  • A maritime zone extending 200 nautical miles from a nation’s coast.
  • Grants the coastal state special rights over marine resources and environmental protection.

Tabular Summary:

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13. Which Indian naval squadron recently departed from Sihanoukville, Cambodia, after a goodwill visit?
A) Second Training Squadron
B) First Training Squadron
C) Western Fleet Squadron
D) Eastern Fleet Squadron
E) Coastal Defence Squadron
Answer: B) First Training Squadron

Event and Location:

• Event: Indian Naval Training Squadron Leaves Sihanoukville Port
• Date: 17 February 2025
• Location: Sihanoukville, Cambodia

Naval Squadron Details:

• Squadron Name: First Training Squadron (1TS)
• Participating Vessels: INS Sujata (Indian Navy) & ICGS Veera (Indian Coast Guard)

Key Engagements:

• Meetings with Cambodian Officials: Capt Anshul Kishore and commanding officers met Admiral Tea Vinh, Commander of the Royal Cambodian Navy (RCN).
• Discussion Topics: Bilateral cross-training, interoperability, regional security, and joint exercises.

Defence and Maritime Cooperation:

• Equipment Handover: Small Arms Simulator provided to the Royal Cambodian Army.
• Media Interaction: Showcased the Indian Navy’s role in regional maritime security.

People-to-People and Cultural Exchange:

• Sports Events: Friendly matches between Indian Navy trainees and Royal Cambodian Navy personnel.
• Ship Tours: Hosted the Indian community in Sihanoukville onboard Indian naval vessels.
• Diplomatic Reception: Attended by ambassadors, diplomats, military officials, and Indian diaspora members.

Strategic Significance:

• Strengthening Defence Ties: Reinforced India-Cambodia diplomatic and maritime relations.
• Enhancing Regional Security: Boosted cooperation and interoperability in Southeast Asia.
• SAGAR Initiative: Reaffirmed India’s vision of Security And Growth for All in the Region (SAGAR).

Tabular Summary:

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14. Which two countries have recently strengthened their defence cooperation, particularly in Su-30 fighter jet maintenance and operations?
A) India and Indonesia
B) India and Malaysia
C) India and Vietnam
D) India and Thailand
E) India and the Philippines
Answer: B) India and Malaysia

Event and Location:

• Event: India, Malaysia Deepen Military and Su-30 Cooperation
• Date: February 2025
• Location: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Key Defence Cooperation Areas:

• Su-30 Maintenance Collaboration:
  • Established Su-30 Forum for cooperation between the Indian Air Force (IAF) and Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF).
  • Focuses on exchange of expertise, best practices, and maintenance support.
• 13th MIDCOM Meeting (Malaysia-India Defence Cooperation Committee):
  • Co-chaired by: Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh (India) & Lokman Hakim Bin Ali (Malaysia).
  • Formation of a Strategic Affairs Working Group to enhance defence industry partnerships.

Emerging Security Domains:

• Cooperation in Cybersecurity, Artificial Intelligence, and Maritime Security.
• A Joint Focus Group to tackle non-traditional security threats.

Regional & Global Coordination:

• Reaffirmed Comprehensive Strategic Partnership as per PMs Narendra Modi & Anwar Ibrahim.
• India supports ASEAN centrality and Malaysia’s leadership in ASEAN and ADMM-Plus.

Defence Industry Collaboration:

• India promoted HAL’s involvement in Malaysia’s defence modernization.
• Encouraged Indian defence firms to partner with Malaysian companies.

Su-30 Fleet Comparison:

• India: 259 Su-30MKI fighter jets (+12 on order, worth ₹12,573 crore).
• Malaysia: 18 Su-30MKM fighter jets.
• Upgrade Program: HAL expects approval for a Su-30MKI modernization project, extending operational life by 30 years.

Tabular Summary:

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs February 20

15. Which international maritime organization has elected India as its Vice President in 2025?
A) International Maritime Organization (IMO)
B) International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
C) International Organization of Aids to Marine Navigation (IALA)
D) Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA)
E) ASEAN Maritime Forum (AMF)
Answer: C) International Organization of Aids to Marine Navigation (IALA)

Event and Location:

• Event: India Becomes Vice President of IALA
• Date: February 2025
• Location: Singapore

About IALA:

• Full Form: International Organization of Aids to Marine Navigation
• Established: 1957
• Objective: Standardizing and enhancing global marine navigation and safety
• Recent Transition: Converted from an NGO to an Inter-Governmental Organization (IGO) in August 2024

Significance of India’s Election as Vice President:

• Strengthens India’s role in global maritime governance.
• Expands India’s influence in setting international navigation safety policies.
• Ensures India’s alignment with global maritime standards.

India’s Representation at IALA:

• Delegation Led by: T.K. Ramachandran, Secretary, Ministry of Ports, Shipping, and Waterways
• Other Key Officials:
  • Mukesh Mangal (Joint Secretary)
  • N. Muruganandam (Director General of Lighthouses & Lightships)
  • S. Saravanan (Deputy Director)

Upcoming IALA Events in India:

• IALA Council Meeting in December 2025.
• IALA Conference & General Assembly in Mumbai in September 2027.

Global Impact of IALA’s Transition to an IGO:

• Better coordination among member states in maritime navigation.
• Stronger regulations for marine safety and environmental protection.
• India’s leadership in maritime technology and policies gets a global boost.

Tabular Summary:

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16. Which country has signed an MoU with India for lithium exploration in 2025?
A) Chile
B) Bolivia
C) Argentina
D) Brazil
E) Peru
Answer: C) Argentina

Event and Location:

• Event: India and Argentina Ink MoU for Lithium Exploration
• Date: February 2025
• Location: New Delhi, India

Key Participants:

• India: Shri G. Kishan Reddy, Union Minister for Coal and Mines
• Argentina: H.E. Raúl Alejandro Jalil, Governor of Catamarca

MoU Details:

• Signed Between: Mineral Exploration and Consultancy Limited (MECL) & Provincial Government of Catamarca, Argentina
• Objective: Strengthen bilateral cooperation in lithium exploration and mining
• Strategic Importance: Lithium is crucial for EV batteries and renewable energy storage

India’s Interest in Lithium Exploration:

• Argentina is part of the ‘Lithium Triangle’ (Argentina, Chile, Bolivia), home to the world’s largest lithium reserves.
• Indian Companies Involved:
  • Khanij Bidesh India Ltd. (KABIL) – Engaged in overseas mineral acquisitions.
  • Greenko – Actively working on lithium projects in Argentina.

Key Discussions & Agreements:

1. Expanding Lithium Supply for India:
   • Securing long-term lithium supply agreements to support India’s electric vehicle (EV) and renewable energy industries.
   • Potential joint ventures and investment opportunities in Argentina’s mining sector.
2. Policy & Regulatory Framework:
   • Ensuring sustainable mining practices to minimize environmental impact.
   • Infrastructure development and technology exchange for efficient mining operations.
3. Strengthening India-Argentina Relations:
   • Expanding trade & investment ties in the critical minerals sector.
   • Enhancing knowledge-sharing on lithium extraction and processing.

Strategic Impact for India:

• Boosts India’s self-reliance on critical minerals amid rising global demand for lithium.
• Supports India’s transition to green energy and its goal of becoming a global leader in EV manufacturing.

Tabular Summary:

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17. Which two institutions signed an MoU to strengthen scientific collaboration between India and Nepal in 2025?
A) ISRO and Nepal Space Research Center
B) CSIR and NAST
C) DRDO and Nepal Academy of Engineering
D) ICMR and Nepal Health Research Council
E) IIT Delhi and Tribhuvan University
Answer: B) CSIR and NAST

Event and Location:

• Event: India and Nepal Strengthen Scientific Ties with New Agreement
• Date: February 18, 2025
• Location: CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi

Institutions Involved:

• India: Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
• Nepal: Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST)

Key Objectives of the MoU:

• Joint Research Projects: Focus on biotechnology, food science, alternative energy, drug discovery, and environmental sciences.
• Exchange Programs: Scientists and researchers from both countries will collaborate and share knowledge.
• Workshops & Training: Capacity-building initiatives to enhance innovation and scientific skills.
• Technology Access: Shared research facilities and infrastructure for advanced studies.
• Institutional Partnerships: Strengthening collaboration between universities and research institutions.

Historical Context of Indo-Nepal Scientific Ties:

• First MoU signed in 1994 between CSIR and NAST.
• Decades of collaboration in scientific research, technology exchange, and training programs.
• This new MoU revives and expands the Indo-Nepal scientific partnership.

Expected Impact of the MoU:

• Boosts innovation & economic growth through advanced scientific research.
• Strengthens Indo-Nepal bilateral relations in the field of technology & innovation.
• Supports regional progress in environmental sustainability, healthcare, and energy solutions.

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs February 20

18. Which state government has imposed a one-year ban on gutkha and pan masala in 2025?
A) Uttar Pradesh
B) Bihar
C) Jharkhand
D) Madhya Pradesh
E) Rajasthan
Answer: C) Jharkhand

Event and Location:

• Event: Jharkhand Govt Prohibits Gutkha, Pan Masala for a Year
• Date: February 2025
• Location: Jharkhand

Ban Details:

• Scope of Ban: Prohibits the manufacture, storage, sale, and distribution of gutkha and pan masala containing tobacco or nicotine.
• Legal Basis: Enforced under Section 30 (2) (a) of the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, and the Food Safety and Standards (Prohibition and Restriction on Sales) Regulations, 2011.
• Issuing Authority: Health and Family Welfare Department, Jharkhand.
• Enforcement Official: ACS-cum-Food Safety Commissioner Ajay Kumar Singh.

Reason for Ban:

• Health Concern: Jharkhand has seen a sharp rise in oral cancer cases, with 40-45 out of every 70 cancer patients per lakh affected due to gutkha consumption.
• Government’s Objective: To reduce tobacco-related health risks, especially among youth.

Legal Action Against Violators:

• Strict Enforcement: Individuals and businesses violating the ban will face legal consequences.
• Public Awareness: The Director of Public Relations Department (PRD) has been directed to publish the notification.

Previous Bans in Jharkhand:

• June 2022: Ban on 11 brands of pan masala for one year.
• May 2020: Ban imposed due to detection of magnesium carbonate in pan masala samples.
• 2023: The previous ban lapsed, leading to the resumption of gutkha sales.

Tabular Summary:

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19. Which state government has recently approved major schemes for women, youth, and development in 2025?
A) Assam
B) Manipur
C) Arunachal Pradesh
D) Meghalaya
E) Tripura
Answer: C) Arunachal Pradesh

Event and Location:

• Event: Arunachal Pradesh Cabinet Approves Key Schemes for Women, Youth & Development
• Date: February 2025
• Location: Arunachal Pradesh

Dulari Kanya Scheme:

• Objective: Supports girl children born in institutional deliveries and promotes education.
• Revised Benefit: Financial support increased to ₹50,000 (₹30,000 Fixed Deposit at birth + ₹20,000 DBT at Class XI enrollment).

Governance & Economic Growth Initiatives:

• Arun Parivar Patra Bill, 2025: Establishes a citizen database for targeted welfare delivery.
• Institute for Transforming Arunachal (ITA): A policy think tank under Finance, Planning & Investment for research-backed governance.

Trade, Handloom & Sports Development:

• GST Amendment Bill, 2025: Aligns state taxation with national GST policies for better revenue collection.
• Handloom & Handicrafts Policy, 2024: Digital database for weavers and artisans, award for best craftsmanship increased to ₹1,00,000.
• Mission Olympics: Focuses on Badminton, Skateboarding, Taekwondo, Judo, Weightlifting, and Wushu with world-class training.

Youth & Women Entrepreneurship Initiatives:

• Youth Policy (Year of the Youth 2024-25): Focuses on education, skill training, health, and entrepreneurship.
• Women Entrepreneurship Development Cell: ₹5 crore seed fund for women-led startups, mentorship, and business training.

Public Safety Enhancements:

• New Fire Stations: 5 new stations in Raga, Yupia, Boleng, Lemmi, and Tato, with 90 new staff positions.

Tabular Summary:

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20. What is the total budget presented by the Odisha government for the financial year 2025-26?
A) ₹2.50 lakh crore
B) ₹2.65 lakh crore
C) ₹2.90 lakh crore
D) ₹3.10 lakh crore
E) ₹3.25 lakh crore
Answer: C) ₹2.90 lakh crore

Event and Location:

• Event: Odisha CM Mohan Majhi Unveils ₹2.90 Lakh Crore Budget for 2025-26
• Date: February 17, 2025
• Location: Odisha

Budget Overview:

• Total Budget: ₹2.90 lakh crore
• Increase from Previous Year: Up from ₹2.65 lakh crore (FY 2024-25)
• Focus Areas: Agriculture, Irrigation, Rural Development

Key Allocations:

• Agriculture & Rural Development: ₹37,838 crore (12% increase from ₹33,919 crore last year)
• CM Kisan Yojana: ₹2,020 crore for direct financial assistance to farmers.
• Shree Anna Abhiyan: ₹600 crore for millet cultivation and crop diversification.
• Irrigation & Infrastructure: Focus on expanding irrigation projects, details yet to be disclosed.
• Dairy Sector: Mukhyamantri Kamdhenu Yojana – ₹164 crore for boosting milk production.

Government’s Economic Vision:

• Strengthening Odisha’s agrarian economy and uplifting rural communities.
• Ensuring water availability for farming through improved irrigation.
• Promoting self-reliance in dairy farming for rural economic growth.

Comparison with Previous Year:

• 2024-25 Budget: ₹2.65 lakh crore
• 2025-26 Budget: ₹2.90 lakh crore (Significant rise in agriculture spending)

Tabular Summary:

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21. Which states have received the Fifteenth Finance Commission grants for Rural Local Bodies (RLBs) in 2024-25?
A) Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, and Jharkhand
B) Bihar, Haryana, and Sikkim
C) Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Rajasthan
D) Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, and Odisha
E) Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Assam
Answer: B) Bihar, Haryana, and Sikkim

Event and Location:

• Event: Centre Releases 15th Finance Commission Grants for Rural Local Bodies
• Date: February 2025
• Location: India

Grant Allocation Details:

• Bihar: ₹821.80 crores (2nd installment) + ₹47.93 crores (withheld 1st installment)
• Haryana: ₹202.46 crores (2nd installment) + ₹7.59 crores (withheld 1st installment)
• Sikkim: ₹6.26 crores (2nd installment)

Purpose of Finance Commission Grants:

• Strengthening Rural Local Bodies (RLBs): Empower Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) for better governance.
• Infrastructure Development: Improve sanitation, water supply, and waste management.
• Financial Stability: Ensure timely implementation of rural development projects.

Fund Categories:

• Untied Grants: Flexible funds for local development (except salaries or administrative costs).
• Tied Grants: For essential services like:
  • Sanitation & Open Defecation-Free (ODF) Maintenance – Includes waste & sludge management.
  • Drinking Water Supply – Rainwater harvesting & water recycling projects.

Significance of the Grants:

• Boosts decentralized governance by strengthening PRIs.
• Improves essential public services in rural areas.
• Supports Clean India and Sustainable Water initiatives.

Tabular Summary:

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22. Which constitutional body celebrated its 22nd Foundation Day in 2025, highlighting its role in safeguarding Scheduled Tribes’ rights?
A) National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC)
B) National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)
C) National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST)
D) National Commission for Minorities (NCM)
E) National Commission for Women (NCW)
Answer: C) National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST)

Event and Location:

• Event: Celebrating 22 Years of the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST)
• Date: February 2025
• Location: New Delhi

Key Highlights of the 22nd Foundation Day Celebrations:

• Union Minister’s Address:
  • Shri Jual Oram (Union Minister for Tribal Affairs) praised NCST’s role in protecting tribal rights.
  • Emphasized implementation of the Forest Rights Act and government schemes for STs.
• Chairperson’s Address:
  • Shri Antar Singh Arya (NCST Chairperson) highlighted achievements, including the 100-day action plan to review tribal welfare programs.

Key Government Initiatives for Scheduled Tribes:

• Eklavya Model Residential Schools – Providing quality education to tribal students.
• Pre-matric & Post-matric Scholarships – Financial aid for ST students.
• National Overseas Scholarship – Supporting higher education abroad for tribal students.
• PVTG Development Plans – Special programs for 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).

Guest Speakers & Dignitaries:

• Shri Hansraj Gangaram Ahir (NCBC Chairperson).
• Shri Vaddepally Ramchander (Member, National Commission for Scheduled Castes).

Focus Areas:

• Skill Development & Entrepreneurship for Scheduled Tribes.
• Collaboration with National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) and universities.

About the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST):

• Nature: Constitutional body responsible for safeguarding Scheduled Tribes’ rights.
• Established By: 89th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003 (Bifurcated from SC/ST Commission).
• Headquarters: New Delhi.
• Constitutional Basis: Article 338-A.
• Composition: Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson, and 3 members (Appointed by the President).
• Tenure: 3 years, with a maximum of 2 terms.

Functions of NCST:

• Investigates violations of ST rights and ensures constitutional safeguards.
• Advises on socio-economic development programs for STs.
• Monitors implementation of tribal welfare laws and government policies.
• Submits reports to the President and Parliament.

Powers of NCST:

• Has the powers of a Civil Court (can summon witnesses and demand documents).
• Recommends policy changes to improve tribal welfare.

Tabular Summary:

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23. Which organization has recently partnered with Meesho, IFCA, and MGIRI to boost tribal entrepreneurship?
A) NABARD
B) TRIFED
C) NITI Aayog
D) SIDBI
E) Ministry of Rural Development
Answer: B) TRIFED

Event and Location:

• Event: TRIFED Partners with Meesho, IFCA, and MGIRI
• Date: February 18, 2025
• Location: Aadi Mahotsav, Major Dhyan Chand National Stadium, New Delhi

Key Partnerships and Objectives:

• TRIFED & Meesho
  • Objective: Onboard tribal products onto Meesho’s social commerce platform.
  • Expected Outcome: Increased market access and sales for tribal businesses.
  • Capacity-building & training for tribal suppliers.
• TRIFED & IFCA (Indian Federation of Culinary Associations)
  • Objective: Connect tribal food products with culinary professionals & hotel chains.
  • Expected Outcome: Expanded market reach and long-term collaborations in the hospitality industry.
• TRIFED & MGIRI (Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Rural Industrialization)
  • Objective: Train & upskill tribal artisans in craftsmanship and entrepreneurship.
  • Expected Outcome: Improved product quality and marketability of tribal goods.

Event Highlights:

• MoUs exchanged between TRIFED General Managers and key representatives:
  • Meesho: Ms. Prachi Bhuchar
  • IFCA: Chef Manjit Gill
  • MGIRI: Dr. Ashutosh A. Murkute
• TRIFED MD Shri Ashish Chatterjee emphasized the impact of these collaborations.

Aadi Mahotsav 2025:

• Inaugurated by President Smt. Droupadi Murmu on February 16, 2025.
• A week-long festival showcasing tribal crafts, culture, cuisine, and commerce.

Strategic Impact:

• Enhances tribal artisans’ digital & offline market access.
• Strengthens rural entrepreneurship & economic independence.
• Promotes sustainable development of tribal communities.

Tabular Summary:

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Over All Review

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