Daily Current Affairs December 31

Dear Champions, as you all know that a lot of competitive exams have been notified consequently. Candidates have to prepare themselves according to the level of competition and expectation of the Recruitment board. Regarding that one of the most important topic is Daily Current Affairs December 31. Current Affairs in the form of contemporary events of national & international play a crucial role in almost every competitive exams like Banking, Insurance, SSC, UPSC, TNPSC, Railway etc.

Current affairs are the most dynamic yet scoring among all sections and need to be prepared from the right source. Here, we cafunsta team, providing Daily GK Updates, Current Affairs Questions, and Monthly current affairs pdf.

TO PURCHASE OUR BANKING AWARENESS (Latest Edition) – CLICK HERE

December 31 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Sports – Daily Current Affairs December 31

1. Who recently became the highest wicket-taker in Women’s T20 International cricket?
A) Ellyse Perry
B) Megan Schutt
C) Deepti Sharma
D) Sophie Ecclestone
E) Shabnim Ismail
Answer: C) Deepti Sharma

Event and Location:

• Event: Deepti Sharma becomes the highest wicket-taker in Women’s T20 Internationals
• Location: Thiruvananthapuram, India
• Date: December 31, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Record-setting performance by Deepti Sharma in international women’s T20 cricket
• Objectives: Reflect consistent excellence in bowling and highlight India’s growing dominance in women’s cricket

Important Terms Explained:

• T20I (Twenty20 International): A format of international cricket where each team plays a maximum of 20 overs
• ICC Rankings: Official rankings published by the International Cricket Council that evaluate player and team performances globally
• All-Rounder: A player who contributes significantly in both batting and bowling disciplines

Tabular Summary:

---

Ranking – Daily Current Affairs December 31

2. Which country did India surpass in 2025 to become the world’s fourth-largest economy?
A) Germany
B) United Kingdom
C) France
D) Japan
E) Russia
Answer: D) Japan

Event and Location:

• Event: India becomes the world’s fourth-largest economy
• Location: Global (India’s ranking in the global economy)
• Date: December 31, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India officially surpassed Japan in nominal GDP to rank fourth globally
• Objectives: To reflect India’s economic transformation, structural reforms, and growing global economic influence

Important Terms Explained:

• Nominal GDP: Gross Domestic Product measured at current market prices, not adjusted for inflation
• Real GDP Growth: Economic growth calculated by adjusting nominal GDP for inflation, reflecting actual increase in output
• Ease of Doing Business: A metric used to evaluate the regulatory environment of a country for starting and operating businesses

Tabular Summary:

---

Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs December 30

3. What is the main reason behind RBI’s review of the Scale-Based Regulation (SBR) framework for NBFCs?
A) To encourage more NBFCs to go public
B) To introduce new deposit schemes for NBFCs
C) To address rising systemic risks and interconnectedness with banks
D) To reduce the number of NBFCs in India
E) To increase NBFC tax exemptions
Answer: C) To address rising systemic risks and interconnectedness with banks

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI initiates review of Scale-Based Regulation for NBFCs
• Location: India
• Date: December 31, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: RBI is reviewing the Scale-Based Regulation (SBR) framework for NBFCs introduced in 2022
• Objectives: To ensure financial stability, address rising credit and systemic risks, and manage NBFC–bank interconnectedness effectively

Important Terms Explained:

• Scale-Based Regulation (SBR): A regulatory framework introduced in 2022 that categorizes NBFCs into layers based on their size, risk level, and systemic importance, applying proportionate regulation
• Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC): A company registered under the Companies Act that provides financial services like lending and investments but does not hold a banking license
• Systemic Risk: The risk of collapse of an entire financial system or market due to the failure of a single entity or group of entities, which is more likely when institutions are highly interconnected

Tabular Summary:

---

4. What is the primary reason for the decline in ATM numbers in India during FY25 as per RBI’s report?
A) Shortage of ATM cash
B) Merger of public sector banks
C) Rise in digital payments and reduced cash usage
D) RBI order to reduce offsite ATMs
E) Growth of mobile banking fraud
Answer: C) Rise in digital payments and reduced cash usage

Event and Location:

• Event: Decline in ATM numbers amid surge in digital payments
• Location: Pan-India
• Date: December 31, 2025 (report release)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: RBI released its annual report Trend and Progress of Banking in India for FY25
• Objectives: To assess structural shifts in banking, including ATM usage trends, branch expansion, and digital payment penetration

Important Terms Explained:

• UPI (Unified Payments Interface): Real-time digital payment system enabling peer-to-peer and person-to-merchant transactions via mobile apps
• White Label ATM (WLA): ATMs set up and operated by non-bank entities authorized by RBI, often used in remote and underserved regions
• Financial Inclusion: Providing access to useful and affordable financial services to underserved populations, particularly in rural areas

Tabular Summary:

---

5. Which leadership requirement is mandated under the new 100% FDI rules in India’s insurance sector?
A) Majority of directors must be Indian citizens
B) CEO must be a foreign national
C) One top leadership role must be held by an Indian resident
D) All key management personnel must be Indian residents
E) Chairperson must be from the foreign investor’s group
Answer: C) One top leadership role must be held by an Indian resident

Event and Location:

• Event: Finance Ministry notifies final rules allowing 100% FDI in insurance sector
• Location: India (nationwide insurance regulatory reform)
• Date: December 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Allows 100% foreign direct investment in insurance companies with relaxed board composition and leadership rules
• Objectives: To attract long-term global capital, improve insurance coverage, and support innovation while ensuring Indian leadership presence

Important Terms Explained:

• FDI (Foreign Direct Investment): Investment made by a foreign entity in the controlling ownership of a business in another country
• FEMA (NDI) Rules, 2019: The Foreign Exchange Management (Non-Debt Instruments) Rules govern non-debt foreign investments in India
• Rule 4A: A repealed rule that imposed conditions like profit retention, solvency margin restrictions, and independent director mandates on foreign-owned insurers

Tabular Summary:

---

Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs December 30

6. What is the total number of domestic trademark registrations recorded in India during FY 2024–25?
A) 3.2 lakh
B) 4.8 lakh
C) 5.5 lakh
D) Over 5.5 lakh
E) 6.2 lakh
Answer: D) Over 5.5 lakh

Event and Location:

• Event: India records highest-ever domestic trademark registrations in a single year
• Location: India
• Date: FY 2024–25

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Record over 5.5 lakh trademark registrations under the Trade Marks Act, 1999
• Objectives: Strengthen intellectual property protection, encourage innovation, support brand creation, and promote ease of doing business

Important Terms Explained:

• Trademark: A recognizable sign, design, or expression that identifies products or services from a specific source and is legally protected under the Trade Marks Act, 1999
• Trade Marks Act, 1999: The primary legislation governing trademark registration and protection in India; offers 10-year protection with indefinite renewals
• Intellectual Property (IP): Legal rights given to creators for their inventions, brands, or artistic works; includes patents, copyrights, trademarks, and designs

Tabular Summary:

---

7. What is the main concern highlighted by the widening gap between credit and deposit growth in India’s banking system?
A) Rising inflation in rural India
B) Weak performance of public sector banks
C) Liquidity stress and funding challenges for banks
D) Decline in RBI’s forex reserves
E) Increase in government bond yields
Answer: C) Liquidity stress and funding challenges for banks

Event and Location:

• Event: Credit growth outpaces deposit growth in Indian banking system
• Location: India (nationwide banking data)
• Date: Data as of December 15, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: RBI tracks and reports credit and deposit growth across the banking sector
• Objectives: To monitor liquidity conditions, credit availability, and financial stability indicators

Important Terms Explained:

• Credit–Deposit Ratio (CDR): A metric showing the proportion of deposits used by banks for lending; high values signal tight liquidity
• Open Market Operations (OMO): RBI’s tool to infuse or absorb liquidity by buying/selling government securities
• Repo Rate: The rate at which the RBI lends money to commercial banks; a key policy rate influencing overall interest rates

Tabular Summary:

---

Appointments – Daily Current Affairs December 31

8. Who has been given additional charge as Director General of the National Investigation Agency (NIA) in December 2025?
A) Sadanand Date
B) Rajeev Kumar
C) Rakesh Aggarwal
D) Kuldiep Singh
E) Dinkar Gupta
Answer: C) Rakesh Aggarwal

Event and Location:

• Event: Additional charge of Director General, NIA assigned to Rakesh Aggarwal
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: December 31, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Appointment of Rakesh Aggarwal as Acting Director General of NIA following repatriation of Sadanand Date
• Objectives: Ensure leadership continuity and stability in India’s counter-terrorism investigations and internal security

Important Terms Explained:

• National Investigation Agency (NIA): India’s primary counter-terrorism investigative agency established under the NIA Act, 2008, responsible for probing terror-related crimes
• Additional Charge: Temporary assignment of duties to an officer until a full-time appointment is made
• Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC): A top-level government body that approves appointments to senior posts in the Government of India

Tabular Summary:

---

9. Who has been appointed as the new Executive Director of RBL Bank for a three-year term starting February 2026?
A) Deepak Ruiya
B) Rajeev Ahuja
C) Vishwavir Ahuja
D) Jaideep Iyer
E) Ramesh Srinivasan
Answer: D) Jaideep Iyer

Event and Location:

• Event: RBL Bank appoints new Executive Director and interim CFO
• Location: RBL Bank, India
• Date: December 31, 2025 (announcement); February 21, 2026 (ED appointment effective)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Appointment of Jaideep Iyer as Executive Director for three years and Deepak Ruiya as interim Chief Financial Officer
• Objectives: To ensure leadership continuity, institutional knowledge retention, and strategic focus during ongoing transformation

Important Terms Explained:

• Executive Director (ED): A board-level appointment responsible for major strategic decisions and oversight in the bank’s operations
• Chief Financial Officer (CFO): A key leadership role responsible for managing a company’s financial planning, record-keeping, and reporting
• Leadership Transition: A planned change in top management aimed at strengthening governance and performance continuity in institutions

Tabular Summary:

---

10. Who has been appointed as the new Director General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) in the recent bureaucratic reshuffle?
A) Rabindra Kumar Agarwal
B) Ashutosh Agnihotri
C) Lav Aggarwal
D) Srikant Nagulapalli
E) Suchindra Misra
Answer: C) Lav Aggarwal

Event and Location:

• Event: Major bureaucratic reshuffle in key government departments
• Location: India (nationwide administrative restructuring)
• Date: December 31, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Appointment of 25 senior civil servants to new roles including DGFT and FCI CMD
• Objectives: To improve governance, fill strategic vacancies, and ensure efficient policy implementation in economic and social sectors

Important Terms Explained:

• Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT): A government body under the Ministry of Commerce responsible for regulating and promoting India’s foreign trade
• Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC): The highest authority for civil service appointments, headed by the Prime Minister
• Food Corporation of India (FCI): A government-owned corporation under the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, responsible for food security and public distribution

Tabular Summary:

---

Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs December 31

11. What is the primary purpose of the PathGennie software developed by the Ministry of Science and Technology?
A) Protein structure identification
B) Simulating vaccine efficacy
C) Predicting drug unbinding from protein targets
D) Monitoring gene mutations
E) Manufacturing pharmaceutical drugs
Answer: C) Predicting drug unbinding from protein targets

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of PathGennie open-source drug discovery tool
• Location: India
• Date: December 31, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Development and release of PathGennie software for biomedical and pharmaceutical research
• Objectives: Improve drug discovery efficiency by simulating natural drug–protein unbinding accurately, reduce research costs, and support computational biology

Important Terms Explained:

• PathGennie: An open-source computational biology tool developed by the Ministry of Science and Technology to predict how drugs unbind from protein targets during drug discovery
• Drug Unbinding Simulation: The process of computationally analyzing how a drug molecule detaches from its target protein, impacting the drug’s effectiveness and safety
• Computational Biology: A field combining biology, computer science, and mathematics to model biological systems and processes using algorithms and simulations

Tabular Summary:

---

Defence – Daily Current Affairs December 31

12. Which two major items were procured under the ₹4,666 crore defence contracts signed by India’s Ministry of Defence in December 2025?
A) Drones and battle tanks
B) Fighter jets and ballistic missiles
C) CQB carbines and heavy weight torpedoes
D) Night vision devices and assault rifles
E) Warships and helicopter gunships
Answer: C) CQB carbines and heavy weight torpedoes

Event and Location:

• Event: Signing of defence contracts for CQB carbines and heavy weight torpedoes
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: December 31, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Procurement of over 4.25 lakh Close Quarter Battle (CQB) carbines for the Army and Navy and 48 heavy weight torpedoes for Kalvari Class submarines
• Objectives: To enhance close-quarter combat effectiveness of ground forces and boost India’s underwater strike capabilities, while promoting indigenous defence manufacturing under Aatmanirbhar Bharat

Important Terms Explained:

• CQB Carbines: Compact, lightweight firearms designed for Close Quarter Battle scenarios, suitable for urban and tactical missions
• Heavy Weight Torpedoes: Advanced underwater weapon systems launched from submarines, used for anti-ship and anti-submarine warfare
• Aatmanirbhar Bharat: Government of India’s mission promoting self-reliance across sectors, including defence, by encouraging domestic production and reducing import dependency

Tabular Summary:

---

National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs December 31

13. Where will India’s first state-led Artificial Intelligence research body, IAIRO, be established from January 2026?
A) Bengaluru
B) Hyderabad
C) Pune
D) GIFT City, Gandhinagar
E) Chennai
Answer: D) GIFT City, Gandhinagar

Event and Location:

• Event: Establishment of Indian AI Research Organisation (IAIRO)
• Location: GIFT City, Gandhinagar, Gujarat
• Date: January 1, 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Establishment of India’s first state-led Artificial Intelligence research body under PPP model
• Objectives: To promote advanced AI research, foster innovation, develop AI-based solutions, support IP creation, and strengthen industry–academia–government collaboration

Important Terms Explained:

• IAIRO (Indian AI Research Organisation): A national-level multidisciplinary AI research body established under a PPP model for cutting-edge AI innovation and policy development
• PPP Model (Public–Private Partnership): A funding and operational model involving collaboration between government entities and private organizations
• Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV): A legal entity created for a specific purpose, in this case, for the governance and operation of IAIRO

Tabular Summary:

---

14. What is the primary purpose of Delhi’s new AI-based Intelligent Grievance Monitoring System (IGMS)?
A) To manage RTI applications
B) To automate tax filing
C) To centralize and resolve public complaints faster
D) To monitor attendance of government employees
E) To provide public health forecasts
Answer: C) To centralize and resolve public complaints faster

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of AI-based Intelligent Grievance Monitoring System (IGMS)
• Location: Delhi, India
• Date: December 31, 2025 (announcement date)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Develop and implement a unified, AI-powered grievance redressal system in collaboration with IIT Kanpur
• Objectives: To enable faster, data-driven resolution of citizen complaints, ensure transparency, eliminate duplication, and improve departmental coordination

Important Terms Explained:

• IGMS (Intelligent Grievance Monitoring System): An artificial intelligence-based platform integrating various grievance redressal portals into one dashboard to streamline public service delivery
• Semantic Search: AI-driven search that understands intent and context of queries, rather than relying only on keywords
• Root Cause Analysis: A method for identifying the primary source of recurring issues by analyzing complaint patterns and data

Tabular Summary:

---

15. Which university has been praised by NITI Aayog as a model for globalising higher education in India?
A) Gujarat Biotechnology University
B) Delhi Technological University
C) Indian Institute of Science
D) Banaras Hindu University
E) Gujarat Forensic Sciences University
Answer: A) Gujarat Biotechnology University

Event and Location:

• Event: NITI Aayog recognises Gujarat Biotechnology University as a global education model
• Location: GIFT City, Gandhinagar, Gujarat
• Date: December 31, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Highlighting Gujarat Biotechnology University (GBU) as a benchmark for internationalising Indian higher education
• Objectives: To promote global academic partnerships, retain Indian talent, align with NEP 2020, and position India as a global education hub under Viksit Bharat@2047 vision

Important Terms Explained:

• National Education Policy (NEP) 2020: A comprehensive education reform policy aiming to transform India’s education system by enhancing access, equity, and internationalisation
• Viksit Bharat@2047: Government of India’s long-term vision to make India a developed nation by 2047 through inclusive and innovation-driven development
• Study in India: An initiative to attract foreign students and enhance India’s soft power in education through global outreach and institutional collaboration

Tabular Summary:

---

16. Which two organizations signed an MoU in December 2025 to enhance quality control and testing in national highway construction?
A) BIS and NITI Aayog
B) NTH and NHAI
C) MoRTH and CPWD
D) NHIDCL and IIT Delhi
E) NHAI and CSIR
Answer: B) NTH and NHAI

Event and Location:

• Event: NTH and NHAI sign MoU for highway quality control and testing
• Location: NHAI Headquarters, New Delhi
• Date: December 30, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: National Test House (NTH) will provide third-party testing services for highway construction materials used in NHAI projects
• Objectives: To improve transparency, ensure higher quality and safety in highway construction, support scientific testing, and build institutional capacity in infrastructure projects

Important Terms Explained:

• National Test House (NTH): A scientific testing and quality assurance institution under the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, established in 1912
• National Highways Authority of India (NHAI): A statutory body under the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways responsible for development and maintenance of national highways
• Third-Party Testing: Independent verification of quality and safety standards by an external laboratory to reduce errors, delays, and non-compliance in infrastructure projects

Tabular Summary:

---

17. When is the effective date of the 8th Central Pay Commission as per the government notification?
A) January 1, 2025
B) November 1, 2025
C) January 1, 2026
D) April 1, 2026
E) January 1, 2027
Answer: C) January 1, 2026

Event and Location:

• Event: Notification and effective date of the 8th Central Pay Commission
• Location: India
• Date: Effective from January 1, 2026 (notified in November 2025)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: To review and recommend changes in the pay structure, allowances, and pensions for central government employees and pensioners
• Objectives: To ensure fair compensation, maintain parity with inflation and private sector wages, and provide financial justice to government servants

Important Terms Explained:

• 8th Pay Commission: A commission established by the Government of India to review pay, pension, and allowances for central government employees and pensioners; effective from Jan 1, 2026
• Fitment Factor: A multiplier applied to the existing basic pay to arrive at the revised basic pay under the new pay commission; likely to range between 1.83 to 2.46
• Dearness Allowance (DA): A cost of living adjustment allowance linked to inflation, revised biannually; it will not be merged with basic pay under the 8th CPC

Tabular Summary:

---

---

Over All Review

DOWNLOAD TODAY’S CURRENT AFFAIRS PDF – CLICK HERE

You Must Also Read Daily Current Affairs December 30