Daily Current Affairs December 23

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December 23 | Daily Current Affairs 2024

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs December 23

1. What is the main focus of National Farmers’ Day, celebrated on December 23?
A) Promoting urban development and food security policies.
B) Honoring Chaudhary Charan Singh and recognizing farmers’ contributions to the economy.
C) Celebrating advances in technology for industrial growth.
D) Highlighting the global importance of Indian exports.
E) Introducing subsidies for industrial development.
Answer: B) Honoring Chaudhary Charan Singh and recognizing farmers’ contributions to the economy.

Event and Location:

• Event: National Farmers’ Day, or Kisan Diwas.
• Location: India.
• Date of Observation: December 23, 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Historical Context:
  • Observed annually to honor Chaudhary Charan Singh, India’s fifth Prime Minister (1979–1980).
  • Recognized for his contributions to farmer welfare, land reforms, and rural development.
• Significance:
  • Highlights the role of farmers as ‘Annadatas’ (providers of food).
  • Recognizes their contributions to India’s economy, rural development, and food security.
  • Focuses on addressing farmers’ challenges such as fair pricing, climate resilience, and access to modern technology.
• 2024 Theme:
  • “Empowering ‘Annadatas’ for a Prosperous Nation”.
  • Emphasizes improving farmers’ livelihoods and enhancing agricultural productivity.
• Government Initiatives:
  • Promotes awareness about schemes like PM-KISAN, PMFBY, and Digital Agriculture Mission.
  • Encourages adoption of sustainable farming practices and technology-driven innovations.

Key Government Initiatives:

• Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN): Direct income support to farmers.
• Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY): Crop insurance for risk mitigation.
• Digital Agriculture Mission: Supporting digital innovations in agriculture.

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs December 23

2. Who scored the third-fastest century in List A cricket history, achieving the feat in just 35 balls?
A) AB de Villiers
B) Jake Fraser-McGurk
C) Anmolpreet Singh
D) Corey Anderson
E) Prabhsimran Singh
Answer: C) Anmolpreet Singh

Event and Location:

• Event: Anmolpreet Singh scored the third-fastest List A century.
• Location: Vijay Hazare Trophy match, Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
• Date of Achievement: December 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Historic Century:
  • Scored a century in just 35 balls, the third-fastest in List A cricket history.
  • Achieved against Arunachal Pradesh in the Vijay Hazare Trophy.
  • Included 11 fours and 8 sixes, with a standout over yielding 31 runs.
• Match Impact:
  • Helped Punjab chase a target of 164 runs in just 12.5 overs.
  • Finished with 115 runs off 45 balls, adding one more four and six after the century.
• Record Context:
  • Jake Fraser-McGurk: Fastest List A century (29 balls) for South Australia in 2023.
  • AB de Villiers: Second-fastest List A century (31 balls) against West Indies in 2015.
  • Corey Anderson: Previously held the record (36 balls) for New Zealand in 2014.

Career Snapshot:

• Played in the IPL for Mumbai Indians (MI) and Sunrisers Hyderabad (SRH).
• Despite his domestic achievements, he went unsold in the latest IPL auction.

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3. What is the significance of India hosting the ISSF Junior World Cup 2025?
A) It is the first international shooting event hosted by India.
B) It is the first ISSF Junior World Cup hosted in India.
C) India will compete in shooting sports for the first time.
D) It marks the 20th ISSF event hosted by India in the last decade.
E) It introduces a new category of air rifle events.
Answer: B) It is the first ISSF Junior World Cup hosted in India.

Event and Location:

• Event: India will host the ISSF Junior World Cup 2025 in Rifle, Pistol, and Shotgun events.
• Location: India.
• Announcement Date: December 20, 2024.
• Event Year: 2025.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Significance of Hosting:
  • Marks India’s first ISSF Junior World Cup, highlighting its rising stature in global shooting sports.
  • Becomes the ninth ISSF event hosted by India in the last decade, reinforcing India as a premier destination for shooting competitions.
  • Showcases India’s world-class infrastructure and commitment to promoting shooting sports.
• Support and Acknowledgments:
  • Organized by the National Rifle Association of India (NRAI) with support from the Government of India and Ministry of Sports.
  • Praised by ISSF President Luciano Rossi for India’s contributions to international shooting sports.
• Upcoming Events in 2025:
  • First-ever Shooting League of India (SLI) to be held in the first half of the year.
  • Regular national competitions and National Championships.

Historical Context:

• Previous ISSF Events Hosted by India:
  • Senior ISSF World Cup (Bhopal, 2023).
  • ISSF World Cup Final (2024).
  • Six other ISSF top-level shooting events in the last decade.

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs December 23

4. Why has the Indian government infused ₹500 crore into IFCI in December 2024?
A) To support infrastructure development projects.
B) To stabilize its financial health and prepare for restructuring.
C) To launch new industrial financing schemes.
D) To repay international debts.
E) To divest its stake in the organization.
Answer: B) To stabilize its financial health and prepare for restructuring.

Event and Location:

• Event: Indian government infused ₹500 crore into IFCI.
• Location: India.
• Date of Approval: December 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Financial Stability:
  • Infusion aims to stabilize IFCI, which reported significant losses in FY24: ₹22 crore in Q2 and ₹170 crore in the first half of the fiscal year.
  • Part of the government’s broader effort to strengthen the financial institution.
• Restructuring Strategy:
  • Consolidation of IFCI group companies, including StockHolding Corporation of India Ltd and IFCI Factors Ltd.
  • Objective is to create a unified, stronger entity to better serve India’s industrial and infrastructure needs.
• Stake Increase:
  • Current government stake at 71.72% (as of September 2024). Infusion expected to increase this stake further.
• Capital Allocation:
  • Approved under the Supplementary Demand for Grants 2024-25 in the Lok Sabha.
  • Funded through savings in the capital section, ensuring no additional cash outflow.

Important Terms Explained:

• IFCI (Industrial Finance Corporation of India):
  • Established in 1948 as India’s first Development Financial Institution to finance critical projects.
  • Transitioned from a statutory corporation (1948) to a company (1993) under the Companies Act.
  • Became a public sector company in 2015 with government ownership exceeding 51%.
• Supplementary Demand for Grants:
  • A process in the Indian Parliament allowing additional funds to be allocated beyond the annual budget.
• Restructuring Plan:
  • Consolidation of IFCI group companies for better financial performance and operational efficiency.

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5. What is the primary objective of the GST Council’s newly approved “Track and Trace Mechanism”?
A) To simplify GST return filing for taxpayers.
B) To monitor goods throughout the supply chain and reduce tax evasion.
C) To promote cashless transactions among businesses.
D) To streamline GST rates for essential commodities.
E) To provide funding for accident victims through GST exemptions.
Answer: B) To monitor goods throughout the supply chain and reduce tax evasion.

Event and Location:

• Event: GST Council approves Track and Trace Mechanism and other updates.
• Location: India.
• Date of Announcement: December 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Track and Trace Mechanism:
  • Introduces unique identification marks for goods.
  • Enhances accountability and reduces tax evasion by monitoring goods through the supply chain.
• Tax Rate Adjustments:
  • GST on fortified rice kernels (FRK) reduced from 18% to 5% to make them more accessible.
  • Gene therapy is now exempt from GST.
• Exemptions for Imports and Supplies:
  • GST exemptions for IAEA-related equipment to support nuclear safety initiatives.
  • Compensation cess reduced to 0.1% for merchant exporters, lowering their tax burden.
  • Contributions to the Motor Vehicle Accident Fund by general insurers are GST-exempt.
• Clarifications on Goods and Services:
  • Transactions involving vouchers no longer attract GST as they are not classified as goods or services.
  • Definition of pre-packaged and labeled goods clarified to include items up to 25 kg or 25 litres.
• Financial Sector Adjustments:
  • No GST on penal charges for loan non-compliance collected by banks or financial institutions.
  • Pre-deposit requirements for appealing penalty-related orders have been reduced.

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs December 23

6. Who has been appointed as the Chairperson of the United Nations Internal Justice Council (IJC)?
A) Justice Dipak Misra
B) Justice Madan Lokur
C) Justice Ranjan Gogoi
D) Justice Indira Banerjee
E) Justice S. Ravindra Bhat
Answer: B) Justice Madan Lokur

Event and Location:

• Event: Appointment of Justice Madan Lokur as Chairperson of the UN Internal Justice Council.
• Location: United Nations Headquarters, New York, USA.
• Date of Appointment: December 19, 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Role of the IJC:
  • Advises the UN on its internal justice system.
  • Ensures impartiality, professionalism, and independence within the UN’s internal legal framework.
• Significance of the Appointment:
  • Recognizes Justice Lokur’s judicial expertise and global legal stature.
  • Strengthens India’s representation in international legal governance.
• Term of Appointment:
  • Justice Lokur will serve until November 12, 2028.

Important Terms Explained:

• UN Internal Justice Council (IJC):
  • A five-member advisory body.
  • Focuses on overseeing the UN’s internal justice system and ensuring its independence.
• Justice Madan Lokur:
  • Former Supreme Court Judge of India.
  • Known for rulings on social justice, environmental protection, and human rights.
• Significance for India:
  • Highlights the growing global recognition of Indian jurists.
  • Reflects India’s contribution to international governance and legal frameworks.

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7. Who has been appointed as Senior Policy Advisor for AI by US President-elect Donald Trump?
A) Elon Musk
B) Sriram Krishnan
C) Sundar Pichai
D) David Sacks
E) Satya Nadella
Answer: B) Sriram Krishnan

Event and Location:

• Event: Appointment of Sriram Krishnan as Senior Policy Advisor for AI.
• Location: White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, Washington, D.C., USA.
• Date of Announcement: December 23, 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Role and Responsibilities:
  • Shape and coordinate AI policy across the US government.
  • Ensure America’s leadership in AI innovation.
  • Collaborate with the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology.
• Key Collaborator:
  • Work closely with David Sacks, the White House AI & Crypto Czar.
• Significance of the Appointment:
  • Highlights America’s focus on dominating the AI space globally.
  • Recognizes the importance of experienced leaders in emerging technologies.

Important Terms Explained:

• AI Policy Advisor Role:
  • Strategic position to develop national AI policies and coordinate intergovernmental AI initiatives.
• David Sacks:
  • A prominent entrepreneur and venture capitalist tasked with leading AI and cryptocurrency efforts for the White House.
• Andreessen Horowitz (a16z):
  • A leading venture capital firm where Sriram Krishnan has been a general partner since 2021.

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs December 23

8. What is the significance of the Order of Mubarak Al Kabeer awarded to PM Narendra Modi?
A) It recognizes PM Modi’s contribution to India’s economic policies.
B) It is Kuwait’s highest civilian honor, symbolizing strong India-Kuwait ties.
C) It is an award for excellence in environmental sustainability.
D) It is a cultural honor for promoting Indian art in Kuwait.
E) It acknowledges PM Modi’s work in technological innovation.
Answer: B) It is Kuwait’s highest civilian honor, symbolizing strong India-Kuwait ties.

Event and Location:

• Event: PM Narendra Modi conferred Kuwait’s highest civilian honor, Order of Mubarak Al Kabeer.
• Location: Bayan Palace, Kuwait.
• Date of Award Ceremony: December 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• About the Award:
  • Kuwait’s highest knighthood order.
  • Conferred upon Heads of State, foreign dignitaries, and members of royal families.
  • Past recipients include Bill Clinton, Prince Charles, and George Bush.
• Purpose of PM Modi’s Visit:
  • Strengthen India-Kuwait bilateral relations.
  • Focus on trade, energy cooperation, labour welfare, and engaging with the Indian diaspora.
  • Held discussions with Kuwait’s leadership, including the Amir, Crown Prince, and Prime Minister.

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs December 23

9. What is the primary objective of the agreement between ISRO and ESA signed in December 2024?
A) Development of satellite technology for global communication.
B) Collaboration on human space exploration and astronaut training.
C) Joint ventures in Mars exploration missions.
D) Establishment of a permanent lunar research base.
E) Building space launch facilities in Europe.
Answer: B) Collaboration on human space exploration and astronaut training.

Event and Location:

• Event: ISRO and ESA sign an agreement for advancements in human space exploration.
• Location: Agreement signed between ISRO (India) and ESA (Europe).
• Date of Agreement: December 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Astronaut Training:
  • Development of joint programs to train astronauts from both agencies.
• Experiment Development:
  • Integration of research experiments using ESA facilities on the International Space Station (ISS).
  • Human and biomedical experiments, physiological studies, and technology demonstrations.
• Axiom-4 Mission Collaboration:
  • Participation of ISRO’s Gaganyatri astronaut and an ESA astronaut in the mission.
  • Implementation of experiments proposed by Indian researchers for the ISS.
• Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS):
  • ISRO’s planned space station, aimed at enhancing interoperability between human spaceflight platforms.

Important Terms Explained:

• International Space Station (ISS):
  • A multinational collaborative space station used for research and experiments in low Earth orbit.
• Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS):
  • A proposed Indian space station, demonstrating India’s growing self-reliance and international collaboration in space missions.
• Axiom-4 Mission:
  • A commercial spaceflight mission involving astronauts from multiple agencies, focusing on research and technology demonstrations.

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10. What is the primary objective of ISRO’s SpaDeX mission?
A) Launching the Bharatiya Antariksha Station (BAS).
B) Demonstrating in-space docking technology.
C) Sending a human crew to space.
D) Enhancing GPS accuracy with new satellites.
E) Developing a reusable launch vehicle.
Answer: B) Demonstrating in-space docking technology.

Event and Location:

• Event: ISRO’s launch of the Space Docking Experiment (SpaDeX).
• Location: Low-Earth orbit aboard PSLV-C60.
• Launch Date: December 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Primary Objective:
  • Demonstrate rendezvous, docking, and undocking technologies using two small spacecraft.
• Secondary Objectives:
  • Power transfer between docked spacecraft.
  • Composite spacecraft control and payload operations post-undocking.
• Technological Features:
  • Indigenous Docking Systems: Includes autonomous algorithms, sensors, and power transfer mechanisms.
  • Advanced Sensors:
    • Laser Range Finder.
    • Proximity and Docking Sensors.
    • GNSS-based Relative Orbit Determination and Propagation (RODP).
  • Post-Docking Payloads:
    • SDX01: High-Resolution Camera for surveillance and imaging.
    • SDX02: Multi-Spectral Payload for resource monitoring and Radiation Monitor for space studies.

Significance for India’s Space Sector:

• Positions India as the fourth nation after the US, Russia, and China to achieve space docking.
• Paves the way for ambitious missions like Bharatiya Antariksha Station (BAS), Gaganyaan, and Chandrayaan-4.
• Supports satellite servicing, space station assembly, and debris management.

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11. What is the primary purpose of India’s planned quantum satellite initiative?
A) To enhance traditional encryption techniques.
B) To secure communications using quantum technology.
C) To compete in the global satellite industry.
D) To establish a communication network for space exploration.
E) To provide free internet access to rural areas.
Answer: B) To secure communications using quantum technology.

Event and Location:

• Event: India to launch a quantum satellite under the National Quantum Mission (NQM).
• Location: Hanle, Ladakh identified as a prime site for satellite-based QKD experiments.
• Announcement Date: December 2024.
• Planned Launch Timeline: Within 2-3 years.

Mandates and Objectives:

• National Quantum Mission (NQM):
  • Launched in April 2023 with a ₹6,000 crore budget, running until 2031.
  • Aims to advance quantum communication and sensing technologies.
• Quantum Satellite:
  • Utilizes quantum physics principles to secure communication signals.
  • Leverages Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) for safe encryption key sharing.
• Quantum Key Distribution (QKD):
  • Ensures encryption key integrity by alerting users to eavesdropping attempts.
  • Changes in quantum states during interception abort communication, ensuring security.
• Post-Quantum Cryptography:
  • Complements QKD by strengthening traditional encryption against quantum computing threats.

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs December 23

12. What is the primary objective of the high-level committee formed by the Indian government concerning the Indian Air Force (IAF)?
A) To negotiate a new deal for additional Rafale aircraft.
B) To assess and enhance IAF’s capability development amid regional threats.
C) To review global advancements in aviation technology.
D) To promote international military collaborations.
E) To establish an aerospace command center.
Answer: B) To assess and enhance IAF’s capability development amid regional threats.

Event and Location:

• Event: Formation of a high-level committee to assess the Indian Air Force’s capability development.
• Location: India.
• Date of Formation: December 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Purpose of the Committee:
  • Evaluate fighter aircraft shortages and missile capability gaps.
  • Focus on indigenous projects for design, development, and acquisition.
  • Provide recommendations within 2-3 months to address critical gaps.
• Key Challenges Reviewed:
  • Limited number of Rafale aircraft and delays in projects like LCA Mark 1A.
  • Widening gaps in air-to-air and air-to-ground missile capabilities.
  • Regional threats posed by China’s expanding air power and Pakistan’s bolstering air force.
• Indigenous Development Plans:
  • Plans to manufacture 114 fighter aircraft in India in collaboration with foreign manufacturers.

Important Terms Explained:

• LCA Mark 1A (Light Combat Aircraft):
  • An indigenously developed fighter aircraft designed to modernize the IAF.
  • Faces delays due to supply chain issues but remains central to India’s defence strategy.
• DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation):
  • Responsible for developing technology for India’s defence sector.
  • Provides inputs for indigenous weapon systems and air defence solutions.
• Regional Threats:
  • China: Rapid air power advancements and support to Pakistan’s Air Force.
  • Pakistan: Strengthening air capabilities with Chinese support.
  • Bangladesh: Possible military cooperation with China raises strategic concerns.

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs December 23

13. What significant milestone was achieved during PM Narendra Modi’s visit to Kuwait in December 2024?
A) Signing of a Free Trade Agreement between India and Kuwait.
B) India and Kuwait elevating their ties to a Strategic Partnership.
C) Establishment of an Indian cultural center in Kuwait.
D) Kuwait agreeing to supply oil exclusively to India.
E) Launch of a joint space exploration program.
Answer: B) India and Kuwait elevating their ties to a Strategic Partnership.

Event and Location:

• Event: India and Kuwait elevated their ties to a Strategic Partnership.
• Location: Kuwait City, Kuwait.
• Date of Event: December 21-22, 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Strategic Partnership:
  • Collaboration in trade, defence, technology, energy, and cultural sectors.
  • Establishment of Joint Working Groups (JWGs) to enhance cooperation in education, defence, and trade.
• Defence Cooperation:
  • Signing of an MoU for joint military exercises, maritime safety, and co-production of defence equipment.
  • Strengthened cybersecurity collaboration.
• Trade and Investment:
  • Kuwait showed interest in Indian infrastructure and food security sectors.
  • Plans to expedite the Bilateral Investment Treaty for enhanced trade ties.
• Energy Collaboration:
  • Expansion of energy ties to include India’s Strategic Petroleum Reserve Program and renewable energy projects.
• Cultural and Educational Exchanges:
  • Renewal of the Cultural Exchange Programme (2025-2029).
  • Strengthening sports collaboration through the Executive Programme on Sports (2025-2028).

Important Terms Explained:

• The Order of Mubarak Al-Kabeer:
  • Kuwait’s highest civilian honor awarded to PM Modi for his contributions to India-Kuwait relations.
• International Solar Alliance (ISA):
  • A global initiative promoting solar energy cooperation, with Kuwait recently becoming a member.
• Strategic Partnership:
  • A formalized collaboration across key sectors to enhance mutual interests and regional stability.

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs December 23

14. What is the primary significance of India’s first bio-bitumen-based National Highway stretch?
A) It uses a fossil-based bitumen for higher durability.
B) It utilizes lignin-based bio-bitumen technology for sustainability.
C) It is a toll-free highway built to international standards.
D) It connects all major cities in Maharashtra.
E) It was constructed entirely using imported technologies.
Answer: B) It utilizes lignin-based bio-bitumen technology for sustainability.

Event and Location:

• Event: Inauguration of India’s first bio-bitumen-based National Highway stretch.
• Location: Mansar, Nagpur, Maharashtra.
• Date: December 23, 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Promote sustainability in road construction with bio-bitumen technology.
• Support Aatmanirbhar Bharat by reducing dependency on imported fossil-based bitumen.
• Address environmental challenges like greenhouse gas emissions and stubble burning.
• Create new economic opportunities for farmers and bio-refineries.

Important Terms Explained:

• Bio-Bitumen Technology:
  • Developed using lignin, a plant biomass by-product.
  • Reduces emissions by 70% compared to fossil-based bitumen.
  • Offers an eco-friendly alternative to traditional road construction materials.
• Lignin:
  • A polymer from plant biomass, utilized as a sustainable binder.
• Aatmanirbhar Bharat:
  • A government initiative to make India self-reliant across industrial and technological sectors.
• Stubble Burning:
  • The practice of burning agricultural residue, which this innovation seeks to mitigate by utilizing parali (rice straw).

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15. What is the primary purpose of the Dr Ambedkar Samman Scholarship launched by Arvind Kejriwal?
A) To fund Dalit students from all over India for education abroad.
B) To provide financial support for Dalit students from Delhi for studying at top foreign universities.
C) To sponsor government employees for higher education abroad.
D) To establish foreign campuses for Indian universities.
E) To provide scholarships for technical education within India.
Answer: B) To provide financial support for Dalit students from Delhi for studying at top foreign universities.

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of the Dr Ambedkar Samman Scholarship.
• Location: Delhi, India.
• Date of Announcement: December 2024.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Objective of the Scheme:
  • Provide full financial support for Dalit students from Delhi to pursue higher education abroad.
  • Covers tuition fees, travel, and accommodation costs for eligible students.
• Eligibility:
  • Open to Dalit students residing in Delhi.
  • Children of government employees are also eligible if they secure admission to top foreign universities.
• Political Context:
  • Launched ahead of the Delhi Assembly elections, honoring Babasaheb Ambedkar and countering BJP’s alleged disrespect toward him.

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