Daily Current Affairs December 11

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December 11 | Daily Current Affairs 2024

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs December 11

1. What is the theme of International Mountain Day 2024?
A) Mountains Matter for Biodiversity
B) Mountains: Guardians of Water and Life
C) Mountain Solutions for a Sustainable Future – Innovation, Adaptation, and Youth
D) Promoting Sustainable Mountain Ecosystems
E) Protecting the Fragile Mountain Ecosystem
Answer: C) Mountain Solutions for a Sustainable Future – Innovation, Adaptation, and Youth

Event and Location:

• Event: International Mountain Day, observed annually on December 11.
• Location: Global observance to highlight the critical role of mountains in ecosystems and livelihoods.

History and Significance:

• Established: By the United Nations (UN) in 2003.
• Origin: Based on Chapter 13 of Agenda 21, “Sustainable Mountain Development,” adopted during the Earth Summit 1992.
• Significance:
  • Mountains host 15% of the global population and half of the biodiversity hotspots.
  • Rivers originating in mountains provide freshwater for over half the world’s population.
  • Critical for climate regulation, biodiversity conservation, and livelihoods.

Theme for 2024:

• “Mountain Solutions for a Sustainable Future – Innovation, Adaptation, and Youth.”
• Focus Areas:
  • Innovation: Climate-smart agriculture, technological advancements, and sustainable solutions.
  • Adaptation: Reforestation, water conservation, renewable energy to combat climate change.
  • Youth Engagement: Empowering young people for conservation and innovative practices.

Mountains and Their Importance in India:

• Himalayas:
  • Regulate monsoons and protect against Siberian winds.
  • Essential for agriculture and climate regulation in India.
• Biodiversity Hotspots:
  • Indian mountain ranges like the Himalayas and Western Ghats are rich in flora and fauna.
• Tourism Hub:
  • Popular destinations: Darjeeling, Sikkim, Ladakh.
  • Features include trekking, spiritual retreats, and UNESCO World Heritage sites like Darjeeling Himalayan Railway.

Threats:

• Unsustainable practices: Deforestation, overgrazing, mining.
• Ecological imbalances: Leading to floods, landslides, desertification, and biodiversity loss.

Call for Sustainable Development:

• Promote reforestation and preserve indigenous species.
• Encourage eco-tourism and regulate tourism to minimize environmental impact.
• Support local communities in adopting sustainable practices.

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2. When was the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) established?
A) 1945
B) 1946
C) 1950
D) 1953
E) 1960
Answer: B) 1946

Event and Occasion:

• Event: The 78th UNICEF Foundation Day marks 78 years since the establishment of UNICEF on December 11, 1946.
• Occasion: Commemorates UNICEF’s pivotal role in improving the welfare of children globally.

Historical Background:

• Founding Year: UNICEF was founded by the United Nations General Assembly under the leadership of Ludwik Rajchman.
• Initial Mission: Provide emergency aid, focusing on food and healthcare for children in postwar Europe and China.
• Expanded Focus (1950): Shifted to long-term developmental needs, addressing poverty, education, and healthcare in developing nations.
• Permanent Status (1953): Became a permanent part of the UN system, advocating for children’s rights globally.

Significance:

• Advocates for children’s rights, ensuring protection from exploitation, abuse, and violence.
• Improves health and nutrition by addressing malnutrition and immunizing children against diseases.
• Ensures education access for marginalized children, bridging the gap between privileged and underprivileged groups.

Major Achievements:

• Polio Eradication: Played a key role in ensuring global vaccination.
• Universal Immunization: Saved millions from preventable diseases.
• Emergency Relief: Provided aid during natural disasters and conflicts.
• Gender Equality: Focused on improving education and healthcare access for girls.

Vision and Way Forward:

• Vision: Every child deserves a fair chance to thrive.
• Goals: Address systemic issues like poverty, inequality, and lack of access to essential services.
• Call to Action:
  • Donations: Financial contributions to sustain programs.
  • Volunteerism: Direct involvement in initiatives.
  • Advocacy: Raising awareness about children’s welfare.
  • Partnerships: Collaborations for impactful solutions.

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs December 11

3. Which country won the 20th Asian Women’s Handball Championship in 2024?
A) South Korea
B) Japan
C) China
D) Kazakhstan
E) India
Answer: B) Japan

Event and Venue:

• Event: 20th Asian Women’s Handball Championship.
• Venue: Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium, New Delhi, India.
• Date: December 10, 2024.

Final Match:

• Winner: Japan defeated South Korea with a close score of 25-24 in the final.
• Significance:
  • This victory marked Japan’s second championship title, their first win being in 2004.
  • The win ended South Korea’s dominance, which included seven consecutive titles.

Key Players:

• Japan:
  • Miyuki Nakayama: Played a crucial role with decisive goals during critical moments.
  • Yuki Tanaka: Scored the winning goal in the final seconds.

Implications:

• Qualification for World Championship:
  • Both Japan and South Korea secured their spots in the 2025 World Women’s Handball Championship to be held in Germany and the Netherlands.
• Diplomatic Presence: Ambassadors from Japan and South Korea attended the final match, highlighting the event’s significance.

Other Matches:

• Third Place Match: Kazakhstan defeated Iran 28-22.
• Fifth Place Match: China beat India 41-30.
  • Top Scorer for India: Bhawana (9 goals).
• Seventh Place Match: Hong Kong defeated Singapore 33-18.

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Obituary – Daily Current Affairs December 11

4. At what age did legendary Gujarati singer Purushottam Upadhyay pass away?
A) 80
B) 85
C) 90
D) 95
E) 100
Answer: C) 90

Event and News:

• Event: Renowned Gujarati singer and composer Purushottam Upadhyay passed away on December 11, 2024, at the age of 90 in Mumbai.
• Significance: Upadhyay’s demise marks the loss of an iconic figure in Gujarati music who left an indelible impact on the art world.

Career Highlights:

• Achievements:
  • Recipient of the Padma Shri and Gujarat Gaurav Puraskar.
  • Created timeless songs like “He Ranglo Jamyo”, “Divaso Judaina Jay Che”, and “Ae Jaashe Jarur Milan Sudhi”.
• Legacy:
  • Composed music for over 20 films and 30 plays, earning admiration beyond the Gujarati music fraternity.
  • His work highlighted the richness of the Gujarati language and culture globally.

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Ranking - Daily Current Affairs December 11

5. Which position does Kerala hold in the India Skills Report 2025 for employability?
A) First
B) Third
C) Fifth
D) Seventh
E) Tenth
Answer: C) Fifth

Event and Location:

• Event: India Skills Report 2025 rankings for employability.
• Location: Kerala ranks fifth among Indian states, showcasing a strong talent pool and inclusivity.

Kerala’s Performance:

• State Ranking: Kerala secures 5th position in employability nationally, after Maharashtra, Delhi, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh.
• Top Age Group: Kerala ranks second in employability for the 18-21 age group and third in B.E./BTech and polytechnic employability.
• City Highlights:
  • Thiruvananthapuram and Kochi are top-ranked cities in Kerala for computer and English skills.
  • These cities are highly preferred work locations.

Key Insights from India Skills Report 2025:

• State-wise Employability:
  • Telangana leads with an employability rate of 85.45%, followed by Haryana, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, and Kerala.
• Skill Rankings:
  • Kerala ranks third in fostering computer skills.
• AI Skill Leadership:
  • India leads globally in AI skill penetration, with demand for AI professionals projected at 1 million by 2026.

Kerala’s Skilling Initiatives:

• ASAP (Additional Skill Acquisition Program):
  • Trained over 2.5 lakh youth with industry-relevant skills and advanced technology training.

Broader Employment Trends:

• Youth Employment: Kerala has the highest youth employment rate in India at 29.9%.
• National AI Trends:
  • India’s AI sector is expanding at a CAGR of 45%, with a 14-fold increase in professionals since 2016.

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6. Which Indian university achieved the highest rank among Indian institutions in the QS World University Rankings: Sustainability 2025?
A) IIT Bombay
B) IIT Delhi
C) IIT Kharagpur
D) IIT Kanpur
E) University of Delhi
Answer: B) IIT Delhi

Event and Location:

• Event: Release of the QS World University Rankings: Sustainability 2025, focusing on universities’ environmental, social, and governance contributions.
• Location: Global ranking with notable recognition of Indian institutions, particularly the IITs.

Key Highlights:

• IIT Delhi is the top-ranked Indian university, achieving the 171st position globally, an improvement of 255 ranks from the previous year (426th in 2024).
• The rankings evaluate universities on sustainability metrics like environmental impact, social responsibility, and governance.

IIT Delhi’s Achievements:

• Recognized for:
  • Green campus initiatives.
  • Innovative research in reducing carbon footprints.
  • Sustainability-focused collaborations and projects.
  • Significant improvement underscores IIT Delhi’s commitment to integrating sustainable practices into academic and operational frameworks.

Other Indian Performers:

• IIT Kharagpur: Ranked 202nd globally, improving by 147 ranks from last year.
• IIT Bombay: Ranked 234th globally, with a 69-rank improvement.
• IIT Kanpur: Achieved a major leap, rising by 277 ranks to secure the 245th position.
• University of Delhi: Despite a dip, it continues to represent non-technical Indian institutions in the rankings.

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Business and Economy - Daily Current Affairs December 11

7. What is S&P Global's GDP growth forecast for India in FY25?
A) 6.6%
B) 6.8%
C) 6.9%
D) 7.0%
E) 5.4%
Answer: B) 6.8%

Event and Context:

• Event: S&P Global retains its 6.8% GDP growth forecast for India in FY25.
• Context: This follows a weaker-than-expected 5.4% growth in Q2FY25, and the RBI lowering its forecast to 6.6%.

Key Projections by S&P Global:

• GDP Growth:
  • FY25: 6.8% (0.2% higher than RBI’s 6.6% forecast).
  • FY26: Expected growth of 6.9%.
• Monetary Policy:
  • S&P anticipates the RBI to reduce the repo rate by 50 basis points in 2025 due to easing inflation.
  • Retail inflation is forecasted to average 4.5% in FY25, slightly lower than RBI’s estimates.

Growth Drivers:

• Urban Consumption: Strong demand and spending in urban areas.
• Service Sector: Steady growth in the services industry.
• Infrastructure Investments: Ongoing projects boosting economic activity.

Challenges and Risks:

• Manufacturing Weakness: Challenges in manufacturing remain a concern.
• Agricultural Growth: Sluggish growth in agriculture.
• Post-Pandemic Recovery: Public and household balance sheet weaknesses.

Government’s Stance:

• The Indian government is aiming for 6.5–7% GDP growth in FY25, anticipating a stronger performance in the second half of the fiscal year.

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Appointments - Daily Current Affairs December 11

8. Who has been appointed as the caretaker Prime Minister of Syria after the fall of Bashar al-Assad?
A) Bashar al-Assad
B) Mohammed al-Bashir
C) Hayat Tahrir al-Sham
D) Ahmed Jibril
E) Khaled Khoja
Answer: B) Mohammed al-Bashir

Event and Location:

• Event: Appointment of Mohammed al-Bashir as caretaker Prime Minister of Syria.
• Location: Syria, following the fall of Bashar al-Assad's regime.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Al-Bashir will serve as the transitional leader until March 1, 2025.
• Responsible for restarting institutions and establishing a constitutional framework.

Background of Mohammed al-Bashir:

• Former head of the Syrian Salvation Government (SSG) in Idlib.
• Previously held the position of development minister in SSG.
• Strong affiliations with Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), the rebel group instrumental in Assad's downfall.

Historical Context:

• The Syrian Civil War, which began in 2011, transitioned from an uprising to a full-scale war.
• Rebel forces recently succeeded in toppling the Assad regime.
• Key cities like Damascus and Aleppo were captured during the rebel offensive.

Current Situation in Syria:

• Life in Damascus is gradually returning to normal, with businesses and banks reopening.
• The transition is monitored amidst Israeli airstrikes on Syrian military bases.

Military and Rebel Movements:

• The lightning offensive led by rebel groups collapsed Syrian military forces.
• Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) played a pivotal role in the rebel victory.

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9. Until which year has Jayen Mehta’s tenure as Amul’s Managing Director been extended?
A) 2026-2027
B) 2027-2028
C) 2028-2029
D) 2029-2030
E) 2030-2031
Answer: D) 2029-2030

Event and Appointment Details:

• Event: Jayen Mehta’s tenure as Managing Director of Amul (GCMMF) has been extended until 2029-2030.
• Context: Mehta took over as interim MD in January 2023, succeeding R.S. Sodhi, and his extended leadership ensures stability for Amul for the next five years.

Jayen Mehta’s Career Highlights:

• Joined GCMMF: In 1991, holding pivotal roles such as brand manager, group product manager, and general manager in the marketing department.
• International Role:
  • Member of the Standing Committee of Marketing at the International Dairy Federation (IDF).
• Impact: Played a key role in shaping the Amul brand into one of India’s most recognized names in the dairy industry.

Interim Role and Leadership:

• Took over as interim MD in January 2023, following R.S. Sodhi’s departure.
• Initially appointed as a temporary leader, his tenure has now been confirmed until 2029-2030, marking a phase of stability and growth for Amul.

About R.S. Sodhi:

• Served as Amul’s MD from 2010 to January 2023.
• Transitioned to Reliance Retail Ventures (RRVL) in April 2023, where he focuses on grocery and consumer brand growth.

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Awards - Daily Current Affairs December 11

10. Who received the Lifetime Achievement award in the 2024 Champions of the Earth?
A) Sonia Guajajara
B) Madhav Gadgil
C) Gabriel Paun
D) Lu Qi
E) SEKEM Initiative
Answer: B) Madhav Gadgil

Event and Purpose:

• Event: The 2024 Champions of the Earth awards were announced on December 10, coinciding with Human Rights Day and Resilience Day at COP16.
• Purpose: To honor exceptional leaders and organizations for their contributions to combat land degradation, drought, and desertification.

About the Award:

• Established: In 2005, it is the United Nations' highest environmental honor.
• Focus for 2024: Restoring degraded land, building drought resilience, and preventing desertification.

Lifetime Achievement: Madhav Gadgil (India):

• Role: Renowned Indian ecologist who influenced environmental policies and grassroots activism.
• Contribution:
  • Seminal work in conserving the Western Ghats, a biodiversity hotspot.
  • Advocated sustainable development through research and local community engagement.

Other 2024 Laureates:

• Sonia Guajajara (Brazil):
  • Awarded for Policy Leadership.
  • Advocated for Indigenous rights and secured recognition of 10 Indigenous territories.
• Amy Bowers Cordalis (United States):
  • Recognized for Inspiration and Action.
  • Focused on restoring the Klamath River ecosystem and sustainable fishing.
• Gabriel Paun (Romania):
  • Also honored for Inspiration and Action.
  • Protected the Carpathian biodiversity and exposed illegal logging.
• Lu Qi (China):
  • Awarded for Science and Innovation.
  • Led the world’s largest afforestation project to combat desertification.
• SEKEM Initiative (Egypt):
  • Honored for Entrepreneurial Vision.
  • Pioneered sustainable agriculture and desert transformation.

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Science and Technology - Daily Current Affairs December 11

11. What is the length of the Hyperloop test track completed by IIT Madras?
A) 200 meters
B) 410 meters
C) 1 kilometer
D) 11.5 kilometers
E) 100 kilometers
Answer: B) 410 meters

Event and Achievement:

• Event: IIT Madras has successfully completed the construction of a 410-meter-long Hyperloop test track.
• Significance: This achievement represents a major step forward in India’s exploration of high-speed transportation technology.

Hyperloop Technology:

• Concept: Proposed by Elon Musk in 2012, Hyperloop is a high-speed transportation system utilizing vacuum-sealed tubes to reduce air resistance and friction.
• Speed:
  • Maximum: Up to 1,100 km/h.
  • Operational: Around 360 km/h.
• Advantages:
  • Environmentally friendly with low energy consumption.
  • Drastically reduced travel times, especially in congested corridors like Mumbai-Pune.

Project Phases:

• Phase 1: Construction of an 11.5-kilometer test track for technology validation and certification.
• Phase 2: Expansion to a 100-kilometer track for commercial implementation.

Collaborators:

• Avishkar Hyperloop Team:
  • Composed of 76 students from IIT Madras, focusing on core areas such as propulsion, vacuum systems, and aerodynamics.
• TuTr: A startup incubated at IIT Madras, contributing expertise in system design and integration.
• Indian Railways: A key partner in advancing the project.

Future Implementation:

• The first full-scale Hyperloop system in India is planned for the Mumbai-Pune corridor, reducing travel time to just 25 minutes.

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12. What is the primary objective of the collaboration between Aditya L1 and Proba-3 missions in 2025?
A) Studying Earth's magnetosphere
B) Observing solar flares
C) Detailed study of the Sun’s corona
D) Measuring cosmic radiation
E) Researching interplanetary weather patterns
Answer: C) Detailed study of the Sun’s corona

Event and Collaboration:

• Event: Aditya L1 (India) and Proba-3 (European Space Agency) will collaborate for solar research starting in 2025.
• Objective: The primary goal is to conduct detailed studies of the Sun’s corona using advanced coronagraphs.

Key Instruments:

• Aditya L1: Equipped with the Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC).
• Proba-3: Features the ASPIICS (Association of Spacecraft for Polarimetric and Imaging Investigation of the Corona of the Sun), a unique coronagraph.
• Special Features of ASPIICS:
  • Provides views of the corona from 1.08 to 3 solar radii.
  • Uses a 1.4-meter occulting disk to simulate solar eclipse conditions.

Missions Overview:

• Aditya L1:
  • Launched: September 2023.
  • Operational from Lagrange Point L1 (1.5 million km from Earth) since January 2024.
• Proba-3:
  • Launched: December 5, 2024.
  • First mission involving two satellites flying in formation to mimic a solar eclipse.

Collaborative Campaigns:

• Planning: Indian and ESA scientists met in Chennai to coordinate observation schedules and maximize scientific outcomes.
• Expected Operations: Joint observations will commence in early 2025, with synchronized campaigns conducted during key observation windows.

Significance:

• The collaboration will provide unprecedented insights into solar phenomena, including the dynamics of the corona, and enhance the capabilities of both Indian and European researchers.

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Defence - Daily Current Affairs December 11

13. Where will the advanced radar system acquired from Russia be installed in India?
A) Pune, Maharashtra
B) Hyderabad, Telangana
C) Chitradurga, Karnataka
D) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
E) Jaipur, Rajasthan
Answer: C) Chitradurga, Karnataka

Event and Location:

• Event: India and Russia are finalizing a USD 4 billion deal for an advanced radar system.
• Location: The radar system will be installed in Chitradurga, Karnataka, a hub for advanced defence and aerospace technologies.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Enhance India’s air defence and missile detection capabilities.
• Integrate advanced technology into existing defence infrastructure to strengthen national security.

Technology:

• Voronezh Series Radar:
  • Tracks ballistic missiles and aircraft up to 8,000 kilometers.
  • Extends India’s surveillance capabilities, previously available only to global superpowers.

Strategic Benefits:

• Facilitates early detection and tracking of threats.
• Ensures rapid deployment of countermeasures.
• Provides India with a strategic edge in monitoring regional and global threats.

Make in India Initiative:

• 60% of components will be manufactured domestically.
• Strengthens India’s self-reliance in defence technology and fosters the domestic defence sector.

Economic Impact:

• Boosts defence manufacturing in India.
• Creates new industrial and economic opportunities, contributing to the local economy.

Geopolitical Context:

• The radar deal reinforces India’s position amid rising geopolitical tensions.
• Highlights the enduring India-Russia defence partnership.

Key Developments:

• High-level talks between Indian officials and Russia’s Almaz-Antey, the radar’s manufacturer.
• Defence Minister Rajnath Singh’s visit to Russia to commission INS Tushil, an advanced frigate under the India-Russia collaboration.

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National Affairs - Daily Current Affairs December 11

14. When will the 4th Eaglenest Bird Festival be held in Arunachal Pradesh?
A) January 10-12, 2025
B) January 14-16, 2025
C) January 17-19, 2025
D) January 20-22, 2025
E) January 25-27, 2025
Answer: C) January 17-19, 2025

Event and Location:

• Event: Unveiling of the new logo for the 4th Eaglenest Bird Festival.
• Location: Khellong and Thongre village, West Kameng District, Arunachal Pradesh.

Mandates and Objectives:

• The festival promotes biodiversity, sustainable eco-tourism, and community-driven conservation.
• Highlights the region's natural beauty and strengthens its cultural and spiritual heritage.

Key Highlights of the Festival:

• Event Dates: January 17-19, 2025.
• Significance: A major event in Arunachal Pradesh’s calendar to emphasize biodiversity conservation.
• Key Attractions:
  • Declaration of the Dalai Lama’s historic trail, showcasing cultural and spiritual heritage.
  • Inauguration of an Eco Bio-Diversity Park, preserving historical and ecological importance.
  • Birdathon and trekking events to celebrate avian diversity and promote eco-tourism.

Cultural and Environmental Impact:

• Boosts awareness of eco-friendly practices and the importance of conservation.
• Enhances Arunachal Pradesh’s visibility in national and international tourism.
• Strengthens local community involvement in environmental preservation efforts.

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15. How many Indian languages, including Sign Language, are the YouTube channels launched by Google and NCERT available in?
A) 10
B) 15
C) 21
D) 29
E) 35
Answer: D) 29

Event and Collaboration:

• Event: Google has partnered with NCERT to launch YouTube channels in 29 Indian languages, including Indian Sign Language, to make free educational content accessible for students in grades 1-12.
• Objective: To bridge language barriers and ensure inclusivity in learning.

Key Highlights of the Initiative:

• Languages: Covers 29 Indian languages to address diverse linguistic needs.
• Content: Broad range of educational resources tailored for students, teachers, and parents, available in various subjects.
• Inclusivity: Indian Sign Language ensures accessibility for hearing-impaired students.

AI-Powered Learning Tools:

• Google employs AI to enhance the learning experience by:
  • Analyzing video content to identify key concepts.
  • Providing definitions, images, and resources sourced from Google’s Knowledge Graph.

Collaboration with NPTEL:

• Google has partnered with the National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning (NPTEL) to offer credentialed courses on YouTube.
• Certification for these courses can be obtained via the NPTEL-SWAYAM portal.

Google for India Initiative:

• In its 2023 event, Google committed Rs 33.2 crore to enhance AI literacy for 5 million students, parents, and educators.
• Includes programs like the fellowship with Rocket Learning for early childhood education and the development of AI-powered tutor Saheli for children aged 3-6.

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16. Under the Group Accidental Insurance Scheme (GAIS), what is the insurance coverage amount for death or permanent total disability of fishers?
A) Rs. 2,50,000
B) Rs. 3,00,000
C) Rs. 5,00,000
D) Rs. 10,00,000
E) Rs. 25,000
Answer: C) Rs. 5,00,000

Event and Program:

• Sagar Parikrama Yatra was launched on March 5, 2022, by the Department of Fisheries under the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying.
• Aimed to promote responsible fisheries, interact with coastal communities, and disseminate information about government schemes.

Group Accidental Insurance Scheme (GAIS):

• Implemented under Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) to provide insurance coverage for fishers.
• Coverage Details:
  • Rs. 5,00,000: Death or permanent total disability.
  • Rs. 2,50,000: Permanent partial disability.
  • Rs. 25,000: Hospitalization expenses in the event of an accident.
• Funding: The premium is entirely borne by the Central and State Governments, with no contribution from the beneficiaries.

Significance of Sagar Parikrama:

• Covered 7440 km across 12 coastal states/UTs, visiting 113 locations in 80 districts.
• Concluded at Ganga Sagar, West Bengal, on January 11, 2024.
• Focused on promoting sustainability and protecting marine ecosystems.

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Over All Review

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