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August 11 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs August 11

1. In 2025, Nagasaki’s Immaculate Conception Cathedral rang its twin bells together for the first time since which year?
A) 1939
B) 1945
C) 1959
D) 1965
E) 1980
Answer: B) 1945

Event and Location:

• Event: 80th anniversary of the US atomic bombing of Nagasaki, with restored cathedral bell ringing for the first time since 1945
• Location: Nagasaki, Japan
• Date: August 9, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Commemorate the 80th anniversary of the atomic bombing of Nagasaki with memorial ceremonies and the ringing of twin bells at the Immaculate Conception Cathedral.
• Objectives: Honour the victims of the atomic bombing, promote global peace, and symbolise reconciliation and humanity through the restoration of the second cathedral bell.

Important Terms Explained:

• Immaculate Conception Cathedral (Urakami Cathedral): A Catholic church in Nagasaki, destroyed by the atomic bombing in 1945 and rebuilt in 1959, located near the hypocentre of the explosion.
• Manhattan Project: The secret US-led World War II project that developed the world’s first nuclear weapons, leading to the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
• PASSEX (Passage Exercise): A planned naval manoeuvre between two or more ships, not relevant to this event but often part of international military cooperation (included here only if needed for cross-topic CA links).

Tabular Summary:

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs August 11

2. What is India’s bank credit growth so far in FY26, as per RBI’s latest data?
A) 0.9%
B) 1.4%
C) 2.3%
D) 3.4%
E) 10%
Answer: B) 1.4%

Event and Location:

• Event: Slowing of bank credit growth to 1.4% in FY26 so far, while deposit growth remains steady at 3.4%
• Location: India
• Date: 11 August 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Monitor and report credit and deposit growth trends through RBI’s Weekly Statistical Supplement.
• Objectives: Assess the health of the banking sector, track lending activity, and identify shifts in funding sources for the commercial sector.

Important Terms Explained:

• Bank Credit Growth: The rate at which loans and advances given by banks to individuals and businesses increase over a period.
• Deposit Growth: The percentage increase in the total deposits held by banks from customers over a given period.
• Market-linked Instruments: Financial instruments like corporate bonds and commercial papers used by companies to raise funds directly from markets rather than through bank loans.

Tabular Summary:

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Business and Economy – Daily Current Affairs August 11

3. Where is BSNL’s apex telecom training institute BRBRAITT, which will host the new industry-led 5G and AI skilling programs, located?
A) Bengaluru
B) Pune
C) Jabalpur
D) Hyderabad
E) Ahmedabad
Answer: C) Jabalpur

Event and Location:

• Event: BSNL partners with Ericsson, Qualcomm, Cisco, and Nokia to launch industry-led digital skilling programs in telecom technologies
• Location: BRBRAITT, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
• Date: August 11, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: BSNL signed MoUs with Ericsson, Qualcomm, Cisco, and Nokia to deliver advanced skilling programs in 5G, AI/ML, networking, cybersecurity, and digital technologies at BRBRAITT Jabalpur; to establish Centres of Excellence and specialized labs in collaboration with global technology companies.
• Objectives: To create industry-ready skilled manpower, position BRBRAITT as a national hub for telecom R&D and training, support flagship missions like Digital India and Atmanirbhar Bharat, strengthen India’s global competitiveness in next-gen telecom, and train over 2,000 students annually through industry-certified courses.

Important Terms Explained:

• BRBRAITT: Bharat Ratna Bhim Rao Ambedkar Institute of Telecom Training — BSNL’s apex telecom training institute located in Jabalpur, providing advanced telecom and digital skills training.

• Centre of Excellence: A specialized hub dedicated to advancing research, training, and innovation in a particular domain — in this case, 5G, AI/ML, and cybersecurity.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat: Government of India’s initiative promoting self-reliance in manufacturing, technology, and economic growth through indigenous capabilities.

Tabular Summary:

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4. BEML Limited recently secured its first overseas rail and metro contract from which country?
A) Singapore
B) UAE
C) Malaysia
D) Thailand
E) Indonesia
Answer: C) Malaysia

Event and Location:

• Event: BEML Limited bags first overseas contract in rail and metro sector
• Location: Malaysia
• Date: August 9, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Retrofit and reconditioning of Malaysia’s Mass Rapid Transport System under a USD 1 million contract.
• Objectives: Expand BEML’s presence in the global rail and metro market while showcasing India’s engineering capabilities in international projects.

Important Terms Explained:

• BEML Limited: A Government of India ‘Schedule A’ company under the Ministry of Defence engaged in defence, aerospace, mining, construction, and rail/metro manufacturing.
• Retrofit and Reconditioning: Technical processes to upgrade, modernise, and restore equipment or systems to improve efficiency and extend operational life.
• Mass Rapid Transport System (MRTS): A high-capacity urban public transport system designed for quick and efficient movement of passengers.

Tabular Summary:

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5. Which is the first miscellaneous NBFC in India to cross ₹1 lakh crore in business turnover?
A) Muthoot Finance
B) Manappuram Finance
C) Kerala State Financial Enterprises
D) Bajaj Finance
E) Shriram Finance
Answer: C) Kerala State Financial Enterprises

Event and Location:

• Event: KSFE becomes first miscellaneous NBFC in India to achieve ₹1 lakh crore business turnover
• Location: Kerala, India
• Date: 10 August 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Marking the record achievement with a public celebration, launch of KSFE Onam Samriddhi Gift Card, and unveiling of the new company tagline.
• Objectives: Showcase KSFE’s growth, public trust, and contributions to Kerala’s economy while promoting future brand visibility.

Important Terms Explained:

• Miscellaneous NBFC: A category of non-banking financial company engaged in various financial services, such as chitty schemes, loans, and deposits, outside core banking.
• KSFE Onam Samriddhi Gift Card: A newly launched festive financial product by KSFE for Onam celebrations, likely aimed at promoting savings and gifting.
• Business Turnover: The total value of all transactions and operations undertaken by a business within a specific period, here reaching ₹1 lakh crore for KSFE.

Tabular Summary:

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs August 11

6. In which year was the Anubhav portal launched to document memoirs of retiring government employees?
A) 2013
B) 2014
C) 2015
D) 2016
E) 2017
Answer: C) 2015

Event and Location:

• Event: 10th anniversary celebration of National Anubhav Awards and upcoming 8th award ceremony
• Location: Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi, India
• Date: August 18, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Recognize and reward outstanding memoirs submitted by retiring or recently retired employees on the Anubhav portal; encourage documentation of administrative history through personal experiences; promote participation from diverse ministries, pay scales, and organizations.
• Objectives: Preserve institutional memory, inspire future government servants, acknowledge contributions of employees in governance and nation building, and expand inclusivity by involving women, lower pay scales, public sector banks, and CPSEs.

Important Terms Explained:

• Anubhav Portal: An online platform launched in 2015 by DoPPW for retiring and retired employees to share memoirs of their service, aimed at preserving governance history.
• Anubhav Awards: Annual awards recognizing the best memoirs submitted on the Anubhav portal, selected through a structured evaluation process.
• DoPPW (Department of Pension & Pensioners’ Welfare): A department under the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions responsible for policies and programs for pensioners’ welfare.

Tabular Summary:

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs August 11

7. Which shipyards built the Indian Navy’s soon-to-be commissioned stealth frigates Udaygiri and Himgiri?
A) Cochin Shipyard & Hindustan Shipyard
B) Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders & Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers
C) Goa Shipyard & Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders
D) Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Cochin Shipyard
E) Hindustan Shipyard & Goa Shipyard
Answer: B) Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders & Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers

Event and Location:

• Event: Simultaneous commissioning of two Project 17A stealth frigates — Udaygiri (F35) and Himgiri (F34)
• Location: Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
• Date: August 26, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Commission two advanced frontline frigates built indigenously under Project 17A — Udaygiri by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL), Mumbai, and Himgiri by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata.
• Objectives: Strengthen India’s maritime security, enhance naval capabilities with stealth, multi-role platforms, and showcase Make in India & Aatmanirbhar Bharat success in defence shipbuilding.

Important Terms Explained:

• Project 17A: An Indian Navy stealth frigate program to build seven state-of-the-art guided-missile frigates with advanced stealth, weapons, and sensors.
• CODOG (Combined Diesel or Gas): A propulsion system where either diesel engines or gas turbines are used to drive a ship’s propellers, optimizing efficiency and speed.
• Integrated Platform Management System (IPMS): An advanced computer-based system to control and monitor a ship’s propulsion, power generation, and auxiliary machinery.

Tabular Summary:

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8. When was the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the Indian Coast Guard and Sri Lanka Coast Guard signed?
A) 2015
B) 2016
C) 2017
D) 2018
E) 2019
Answer: D) 2018

Event and Location:

• Event: 8th High-Level Meeting between Indian Coast Guard (ICG) and Sri Lanka Coast Guard (SLCG)
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: August 11, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: To review and enhance cooperation between ICG and SLCG in areas such as marine pollution response, maritime search & rescue, maritime law enforcement, capacity building, and technical assistance.
• Objectives: Strengthen bilateral maritime partnership, promote regional maritime stability, share best practices, improve operational coordination, and address contemporary maritime challenges in the shared maritime domain.

Important Terms Explained:

• Marine Pollution Response: Actions and protocols to prevent, control, and clean up pollution in marine environments, often caused by oil spills or hazardous cargo discharge.
• Search & Rescue (SAR): Coordinated operations to locate and assist people or vessels in distress at sea.
• Memorandum of Understanding (MoU): A formal agreement between parties outlining mutual commitments; here, signed in 2018 between ICG and SLCG for maritime cooperation.

Tabular Summary:

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9. What was India’s total defence production value in FY 2024–25, marking an all-time high?
A) ₹1.27 lakh crore
B) ₹1.50 lakh crore
C) ₹1.51 lakh crore
D) ₹79,071 crore
E) ₹1.45 lakh crore
Answer: C) ₹1.51 lakh crore

Event and Location:

• Event: India’s annual defence production reaches an all-time high of ₹1.50,590 crore in FY 2024–25
• Location: Nationwide (India)
• Date: August 9, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Achieve record-high defence manufacturing output through combined efforts of Defence Public Sector Undertakings (DPSUs), other PSUs, and private sector players under policy reforms.
• Objectives: Strengthen India’s defence industrial base, reduce import dependency, boost exports, and promote self-reliance under the Aatmanirbhar Bharat initiative.

Important Terms Explained:

• DPSUs: Defence Public Sector Undertakings – government-owned companies engaged in defence equipment and systems manufacturing.
• Aatmanirbhar Bharat: Government of India’s self-reliance initiative aimed at reducing imports and boosting indigenous manufacturing in key sectors.
• Defence Exports: Sale of defence-related products, technology, or equipment from India to other countries, contributing to foreign exchange earnings and global strategic partnerships.

Tabular Summary:

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10. Which Indian Navy ship recently concluded a port visit to Casablanca, Morocco, to strengthen bilateral naval ties?
A) INS Nilgiri
B) INS Surat
C) INS Tamal
D) INS Kolkata
E) INS Tabar
Answer: C) INS Tamal

Event and Location:

• Event: INS Tamal concludes a three-day port visit to Casablanca, Morocco, enhancing India–Morocco naval cooperation
• Location: Casablanca, Morocco
• Date: August 6–9, 2025 (visit period)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Conduct bilateral engagements, cultural exchanges, and a Passage Exercise (PASSEX) with the Royal Moroccan Navy during a port call.
• Objectives: Strengthen maritime diplomacy, improve operational coordination, and deepen strategic defence cooperation between India and Morocco.

Important Terms Explained:

• INS Tamal: The Indian Navy’s newest stealth frigate, commissioned on July 1, 2025, in Russia.
• PASSEX (Passage Exercise): A naval drill conducted between two or more ships to enhance interoperability, communication, and operational understanding while transiting together.
• Maritime Diplomacy: The use of naval visits, joint exercises, and cooperative activities to strengthen bilateral or multilateral relations between nations.

Tabular Summary:

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11. According to DRDO’s Secretary Dr. Sameer Kamat, India’s defence exports are expected to double within how many years?
A) 1 year
B) 2–3 years
C) 4 years
D) 5 years
E) 6–7 years
Answer: B) 2–3 years

Event and Location:

• Event: India’s defence exports reach ₹23,000 crore, expected to double in the next 2–3 years
• Location: Pune, Maharashtra
• Date: August 9, 2025 (statement date)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Increase India’s defence exports and develop advanced indigenous defence technologies like the smaller BrahMos missile and Zorawar light tank.
• Objectives: Achieve self-reliance in defence production, expand India’s market in global defence exports, and strengthen indigenous R&D capabilities through industry–academia partnerships.

Important Terms Explained:

• BrahMos Missile: A supersonic cruise missile developed jointly by India and Russia, capable of being launched from land, sea, and air platforms; now being developed in a smaller version for wider operational use.
• Zorawar Light Tank: An indigenously developed light tank designed for high-altitude warfare and rapid deployment, enhancing mobility and firepower in challenging terrains.
• Centres of Excellence: Specialized facilities being established to boost innovation and research in defence technology through collaboration between DRDO, industry, and academia.

Tabular Summary:

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs August 11

12. Which organization recently warned that extreme heat is affecting millions worldwide and emphasized the need for heat-health action plans?
A) UNDP
B) WHO
C) WMO
D) UNEP
E) IMF
Answer: C) WMO

Event and Location:

• Event: WMO issues global warning on extreme heat impacts
• Location: Worldwide
• Date: August 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Highlight the increasing frequency and severity of global heatwaves and their impacts on human health, ecosystems, and air quality.
• Objectives: Urge nations to implement early warning systems and heat-health action plans to reduce casualties and manage climate-related risks.

Important Terms Explained:

• WMO (World Meteorological Organization): A UN specialized agency responsible for promoting international cooperation in atmospheric science, climatology, hydrology, and geophysics.
• Heatwave: A prolonged period of excessively hot weather, often accompanied by high humidity, that can cause significant health and environmental impacts.
• Heat-Health Action Plan: A coordinated set of measures aimed at reducing the health impacts of extreme heat through early warnings, public advisories, and emergency responses.

Tabular Summary:

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Schemes – Daily Current Affairs August 11

13. Under the JATAN initiative, which Archaeological Site Museums’ artefacts have been fully digitized?
A) Velha Goa and Nagarjunakonda
B) Sarnath and Hampi
C) Aurangabad and Patna
D) Kolkata and Lucknow
E) Jaipur and Jodhpur
Answer: A) Velha Goa and Nagarjunakonda

Event and Location:

• Event: Digitization of artefacts under the JATAN scheme for Archaeological Site Museums in Goa and Nagarjunakonda
• Location: Velha Goa (Goa) and Nagarjunakonda (Andhra Pradesh), India
• Date: August 11, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: To digitize and document artefacts from Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) protected museums using standardized metadata for public access through the Museums of India portal.
• Objectives: To preserve cultural heritage, improve public access to museum collections, create a digital record for conservation and research, and promote cultural awareness in line with the Ministry of Culture’s vision.

Important Terms Explained:

• JATAN: A software tool developed for virtual museum creation to digitally catalogue and manage artefacts in Indian museums under the Ministry of Culture.
• ASI (Archaeological Survey of India): A Government of India organization responsible for archaeological research and conservation of cultural monuments.
• Dublin Core: An internationally recognized metadata standard for describing digital resources, used in the JATAN initiative for uniform cataloguing.

Tabular Summary:

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14. Which institute partnered with EPFO’s PDUNASS to introduce “Design Thinking” in officer training?
A) Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
B) Indian School of Business Hyderabad
C) National Institute of Design Ahmedabad
D) Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad
E) National Institute of Public Finance and Policy
Answer: C) National Institute of Design Ahmedabad

Event and Location:

• Event: Introduction of Design Thinking training in PDUNASS’s young officers’ program
• Location: Manthan Hall, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya National Academy of Social Security (PDUNASS), India
• Date: August 11, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Organize a one-day training programme on Design Thinking in collaboration with NID Ahmedabad for EPFO officer trainees, with emphasis on future-centric and human-centric governance approaches.
• Objectives: Equip officers with empathy-led, user-centric problem-solving skills; reimagine public service delivery; resolve the dichotomy between facilitative stakeholder service and strict regulatory enforcement; and embed design-led innovation in governance training.

Important Terms Explained:

• PDUNASS: Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya National Academy of Social Security — EPFO’s premier training institution for capacity building and officer development in social security administration.
• Design Thinking: A problem-solving methodology that prioritizes understanding user needs, redefining problems, and developing innovative, human-centric solutions.
• EPFO (Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation): India’s statutory body under the Ministry of Labour & Employment responsible for managing provident fund, pension, and insurance schemes for organized sector employees.

Tabular Summary:

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15. Under the recently enhanced pension scheme in Bihar, what is the new monthly pension amount for the elderly, disabled, and widows?
A) ₹400
B) ₹1,100
C) ₹1,500
D) ₹2,000
E) ₹2,500
Answer: B) ₹1,100

Event and Location:

• Event: Release of ₹1,247.34 crore via DBT for six social security pension schemes
• Location: Patna, Bihar, India
• Date: August 10, 2025
• CM: Nitish Kumar

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Disbursement of first instalment (after hike from ₹400 to ₹1,100) began on July 11, 2025.
  • Benefit covers 1.12 crore beneficiaries, up from 1.11 crore last month.
  • ₹1,247.34 crore allocated for six pension schemes.
• Objectives:
  • Provide direct financial assistance to elderly, disabled, and widows.
  • Link all schemes to the Right to Public Service (RTPS) at the panchayat level for easy access.
  • Ensure no eligible person is left out.

Important Terms Explained:

• DBT (Direct Benefit Transfer): System where subsidies or benefits are directly transferred to citizens’ bank accounts to reduce leakages.
• RTPS (Right to Public Service): State mechanism ensuring timely delivery of government services to citizens, often with grievance redressal provisions.
• Social Security Pension Schemes Covered:
  1. Mukhyamantri Vridhjan Pension Yojana
  2. Indira Gandhi Old Age Pension
  3. Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension
  4. Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension
  5. Laxmi Bai Social Security Pension
  6. Bihar State Disability Pension

Tabular Summary:

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16. What is the primary benefit provided under the Seva Bhoj Yojana?
A) Free meals to BPL families by government-run canteens
B) Subsidy on construction of religious institutions
C) Reimbursement of CGST and Central Government’s share of IGST on raw food items for free distribution
D) Direct cash transfer to beneficiaries for temple visits
E) Tax exemption on donations to charitable trusts
Answer: C) Reimbursement of CGST and Central Government’s share of IGST on raw food items for free distribution

Event and Location:

• Event: Financial assistance under Seva Bhoj Yojana for charitable and religious institutions distributing free food
• Location: India (beneficiaries across multiple states, including Punjab and Andhra Pradesh)
• Date: August 11, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: To reimburse the Central Goods and Services Tax (CGST) and the Central Government’s share of Integrated GST (IGST) paid on purchase of specific raw food items by eligible charitable/religious institutions serving free food to the public.
• Objectives: To support institutions involved in community kitchens, langars, and prasad distribution, enabling them to continue large-scale free food services without financial strain from indirect taxes, thereby promoting inclusivity and philanthropy.

Important Terms Explained:

• Seva Bhoj Yojana: A Central Sector Scheme by the Ministry of Culture that reimburses CGST and Central share of IGST paid by eligible charitable/religious institutions for raw food items used in free public meals.
• CGST (Central Goods and Services Tax): Tax levied by the Central Government on intra-state supply of goods and services under the GST regime.
• IGST (Integrated Goods and Services Tax): Tax levied on inter-state supply of goods and services, with the Central Government’s share reimbursable under this scheme.

Tabular Summary:

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17. The tenure of the PM E-DRIVE Scheme has been extended from 31 March 2026 to which date?
A) 31 March 2027
B) 31 March 2028
C) 31 December 2028
D) 30 June 2028
E) 31 March 2029
Answer: B) 31 March 2028

Event and Location:

• Event: Extension of PM Electric Drive Revolution in Innovative Vehicle Enhancement (PM E-DRIVE) Scheme tenure
• Location: India
• Date: 8 August 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Extend the PM E-DRIVE Scheme duration from two years to four years, maintaining the original ₹10,900 crore outlay, to promote electric mobility in India.
• Objectives: Accelerate EV adoption, develop charging infrastructure, strengthen EV manufacturing, and support nascent markets like e-trucks and e-buses through phased manufacturing and milestone-based grants.

Important Terms Explained:

• PM E-DRIVE Scheme: A government initiative launched in September 2024 to promote electric vehicle adoption, charging infrastructure, and local manufacturing under Make in India.
• Phased Manufacturing Programme (PMP): A policy framework encouraging gradual localisation of manufacturing components to boost domestic production capacity.
• Fund-limited Scheme: A scheme where the maximum expenditure is capped at the sanctioned budget, and operations cease once funds are exhausted.

Tabular Summary:

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18. Under the latest release of the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana, how much is the first installment being given to 30 lakh farmers?
A) ₹1,500 crore
B) ₹3,200 crore
C) ₹5,000 crore
D) ₹8,000 crore
E) ₹69,515.71 crore
Answer: B) ₹3,200 crore

Event and Location:

• Event: Release of first installment of crop insurance to farmers under Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana
• Location: India
• Date: 11 August 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Provide financial assistance to farmers affected by natural disasters through direct benefit transfer under the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana.
• Objectives: Mitigate income loss from crop damage, ensure timely compensation to farmers, and promote agricultural resilience against natural calamities.

Important Terms Explained:

• Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY): A central government crop insurance scheme launched in 2016 to provide financial support to farmers in case of crop loss/damage due to natural calamities, pests, or diseases.
• Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (RWBCIS): An insurance program that provides payouts based on weather parameters such as rainfall, temperature, and humidity, reducing the need for field-level crop loss assessment.
• Interest Penalty Clause: Under the current guidelines, insurance companies delaying farmer payouts must pay a 12% annual interest directly to the farmer for the delay period.

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs August 11

19. Which bill seeks to reserve seats for Scheduled Tribes in the Goa Legislative Assembly?
A) Goa Tribal Representation Bill 2025
B) Readjustment of Representation of Scheduled Tribes in Assembly Constituencies of the State of Goa Bill 2024
C) Goa Social Justice Bill 2024
D) Goa Assembly Reservation Amendment Bill 2025
E) Goa Tribal Rights and Empowerment Bill 2024
Answer: B) Readjustment of Representation of Scheduled Tribes in Assembly Constituencies of the State of Goa Bill 2024

Event and Location:

• Event: Parliamentary approval of a bill to reserve seats for Scheduled Tribes in the Goa Legislative Assembly
• Location: Goa, India
• Date: August 11, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The bill mandates the reservation of seats for Scheduled Tribes in the Goa Legislative Assembly by amending the Delimitation Order based on population estimates provided by the Census Commissioner.
• Objectives: The objective is to ensure representation for Scheduled Tribes in the Goa Assembly, addressing the lack of reservation despite the significant increase in ST population following the recognition of certain communities in 2003.

Important Terms Explained:

• Scheduled Tribes (STs): Communities recognized under Article 366(25) of the Constitution of India, entitled to affirmative action in education, employment, and political representation.
• Article 332: Constitutional provision that mandates the reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in State Legislative Assemblies in proportion to their population.
• Delimitation Order: A legal order defining constituency boundaries and representation quotas, which is amended periodically to reflect demographic changes.

Tabular Summary:

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20. Which legislation replaces Part XIV of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1958 with a new framework for coastal shipping in India?
A) Merchant Shipping Bill 2025
B) Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill 2025
C) Coastal Shipping Bill 2025
D) National Maritime Development Bill 2025
E) Inland Waterways Reform Bill 2025
Answer: C) Coastal Shipping Bill 2025

Event and Location:

• Event: Parliamentary approval of the Coastal Shipping Bill, 2025 to boost India’s coastal economy
• Location: India (covering nine coastal states and four union territories)
• Date: August 7, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Coastal Shipping Bill, 2025 replaces Part XIV of the Merchant Shipping Act, 1958, simplifies the licensing system for coastal shipping, regulates foreign vessels in coasting trade, establishes a National Coastal and Inland Shipping Strategic Plan, and creates a National Database for Coastal Shipping.
• Objectives: To increase India’s coastal cargo share to 230 million metric tonnes by 2030, strengthen maritime sector contribution to Aatmanirbhar Bharat and Viksit Bharat, enhance competitiveness of Indian vessels, reduce dependence on foreign vessels, improve supply chain security, generate coastal employment, and modernize the maritime legal framework in line with global norms.

Important Terms Explained:

• Coastal Shipping: The transportation of goods and passengers between ports within the same country along its coast, using sea routes.
• Cabotage Norms: International maritime rules governing the right of a country to control transport of goods or passengers between its ports.
• National Coastal and Inland Shipping Strategic Plan: A government policy framework to guide infrastructure development, policy direction, and investment for coastal and inland shipping.

Tabular Summary:

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21. Which newly passed bill in 2025 creates a National Sports Board (NSB) to regulate and ensure accountability in National Sports Federations?
A) National Sports Development Bill 2025
B) National Sports Governance Bill 2025
C) National Sports Excellence Bill 2025
D) National Games Oversight Bill 2025
E) National Sports Tribunal Bill 2025
Answer: B) National Sports Governance Bill 2025

Event and Location:

• Event: Passage of the National Sports Governance Bill 2025 and National Anti-Doping (Amendment) Bill 2025 in the Lok Sabha
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: August 11, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Establish a National Sports Board (NSB) for stringent accountability in National Sports Federations (NSFs).
  • Bring all recognised sports bodies under RTI Act if they receive government funding/support.
  • Create a National Sports Tribunal with civil court powers for resolving disputes in sports governance.
  • Amend the National Anti-Doping Act to align with World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) requirements, ensuring operational independence of NADA.
• Objectives:
  • Build a transparent, accountable, and world-class sports governance system.
  • Prepare India’s sports ecosystem for hosting major global events, including the 2036 Olympics bid.
  • Ensure fair play, financial transparency, and athlete welfare through structural reforms in governance and anti-doping.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Sports Board (NSB): A central regulatory authority to monitor NSFs, ensure elections, financial transparency, and the adherence to governance norms for continued access to government funding.
• National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA): India’s independent agency responsible for promoting, coordinating, and monitoring doping control in sports, aligned with WADA standards.
• Right to Information (RTI) Act: An Indian law enabling citizens to access information from public authorities to ensure transparency and accountability.

Tabular Summary:

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22. When is the first-ever International Manuscript Heritage Conference scheduled to be held?
A) August 2025
B) September 2025
C) October 2025
D) November 2025
E) December 2025
Answer: B) September 2025

Event and Location:

• Event: Hosting of the first-ever International Manuscript Heritage Conference titled Reclaiming India’s Knowledge Legacy Through Manuscript Heritage
• Location: India
• Date: September 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: To organize a global conference bringing together manuscript scholars, historians, and cultural practitioners to discuss preservation, digitization, decipherment, and promotion of India’s manuscript heritage.
• Objectives: To safeguard, document, and promote India’s manuscript legacy; to strengthen India’s cultural diplomacy; to advance research and technology-driven preservation methods; and to commemorate the 132nd anniversary of Swami Vivekananda’s 1893 Chicago address.

Important Terms Explained:

• Manuscriptology: The scientific study of manuscripts, including their writing, materials, and historical context.
• Codicology: The study of books as physical objects, focusing on the structure, binding, and production of manuscripts.
• IIIF (International Image Interoperability Framework): A set of standards for delivering high-quality digital images online, used in manuscript digitization projects.

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23. Which organization is organizing the Har Ghar Tiranga – Patriotic Film Festival across India from 11–13 August 2025?
A) Central Board of Film Certification
B) Ministry of Culture
C) National Film Development Corporation of India
D) Directorate of Film Festivals
E) Sangeet Natak Akademi
Answer: C) National Film Development Corporation of India

Event and Location:

• Event: Nationwide Har Ghar Tiranga – Patriotic Film Festival showcasing patriotic classics and contemporary films
• Location: Multiple cities across India — New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Pune
• Date: August 11–13, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Organize a three-day national film festival under the Har Ghar Tiranga campaign to screen restored classics, contemporary patriotic films, and documentaries in multiple cities.
• Objectives: Strengthen citizens’ emotional connection with the National Flag, celebrate India’s freedom struggle, honor sacrifices of national heroes, and promote unity through the medium of cinema.

Important Terms Explained:

• Har Ghar Tiranga: A nationwide campaign launched by the Government of India to encourage citizens to hoist or display the Indian National Flag at their homes, fostering patriotism and national unity.
• National Film Development Corporation of India (NFDC): The government’s premier film body responsible for producing, promoting, and preserving Indian cinema, including managing the National Film Archive of India (NFAI).
• Film Restoration: The process of digitally repairing and preserving old films to near-original quality for future screenings and archiving.

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24. Which city is being used as the starting point for the Andhra Pradesh Red Cross Society’s statewide campaign against single-use plastics?
A) Vijayawada
B) Tirupati
C) Guntur
D) Visakhapatnam
E) Kurnool
Answer: C) Guntur

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of a statewide anti-single-use plastic campaign by Andhra Pradesh Red Cross Society
• Location: Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
• Date: August 2025 (Governor S Abdul Nazeer to inaugurate)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Mobilise 50,000+ students from 540 schools under the Junior Red Cross banner as “green warriors.”
  • Equip students with reusable alternatives, structured awareness modules, and behaviour-change training.
  • Implement a six-step execution model: student enrollment, education, habit tracking, waste collection, recognition, systematic review.
• Objectives:
  • Achieve a measurable reduction in single-use plastic use in schools and public spaces.
  • Promote sustained civic engagement that results in visible, trackable environmental improvements.
  • Position Guntur as India’s first plastic-conscious city and replicate the model statewide.

Important Terms Explained:

• Single-use Plastic: Plastic items designed to be used once and discarded, such as carry bags, bottles, and food containers, contributing to environmental pollution.
• Junior Red Cross: The youth wing of the Red Cross movement, engaging school students in humanitarian and civic initiatives.
• Behavioural Change Model: A long-term approach that focuses on altering daily habits rather than just providing information.

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25. Which district recorded the highest growth in Kerala Fibre Optic Network (KFON) connections as of August 2025?
A) Ernakulam
B) Kozhikode
C) Thiruvananthapuram
D) Kannur
E) Alappuzha
Answer: C) Thiruvananthapuram

Event and Location:

• Event: Kerala Fibre Optic Network (KFON) records highest subscriber growth in Thiruvananthapuram district
• Location: Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
• Date: August 10, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Provide high-speed internet connectivity across households, government offices, and enterprises, with free access to BPL households and priority for tribal areas under Connecting the Unconnected project.
• Objectives: Bridge Kerala’s digital divide, enhance digital governance, improve educational and entrepreneurial access, and ensure inclusion of remote and underprivileged communities.

Important Terms Explained:

• KFON: Kerala Fibre Optic Network – A state-run broadband project delivering affordable, reliable internet to homes, institutions, and enterprises.
• BPL Households: Below Poverty Line families receiving free internet connections under KFON.
• Internet Leased Line (ILL): Dedicated, high-speed internet connection provided to enterprises and institutions for secure and uninterrupted connectivity.

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26. Which newly launched Vande Bharat Express covers the longest route among all Vande Bharat trains in India?
A) Delhi–Varanasi Vande Bharat
B) Mumbai–Gandhinagar Vande Bharat
C) Nagpur–Pune Vande Bharat
D) Chennai–Mysuru Vande Bharat
E) Secunderabad–Visakhapatnam Vande Bharat
Answer: C) Nagpur–Pune Vande Bharat

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of India’s longest-route Vande Bharat Express on the Nagpur–Pune corridor
• Location: Maharashtra, India
• Date: August 12, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Flagging off the Nagpur–Pune Vande Bharat Express along with two other trains via video conferencing by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
• Objectives: Provide a faster, comfortable, and cost-effective travel option for high passenger traffic between Vidarbha and Pune, reducing travel time and reliance on expensive private transport.

Important Terms Explained:

• Vande Bharat Express: India’s semi-high-speed, fully air-conditioned train with modern amenities, designed for faster intercity travel.
• Daund Chord Line: A rail link that allows trains to bypass Pune Junction from the east, reducing travel time.
• Ajni Railway Station: A suburban railway station in Nagpur, functioning as the starting point for certain express train services.

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27. Which state has become the first in India to implement the Disha Abhiyan curriculum for uniform education of students with intellectual disabilities?
A) Gujarat
B) Maharashtra
C) Tamil Nadu
D) Kerala
E) Rajasthan
Answer: B) Maharashtra

Event and Location:

• Event: Implementation of Disha Abhiyan curriculum for students with intellectual disabilities
• Location: Maharashtra, India
• Date: August 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Introduce a uniform and quality curriculum for students with intellectual disabilities across special schools in Maharashtra.
• Objectives: Ensure inclusive, research-based education to empower students with intellectual disabilities, aligning with the vision of an inclusive and self-reliant Developed India 2047.

Important Terms Explained:

• Disha Abhiyan: An educational initiative aimed at providing uniform, quality education for students with intellectual disabilities, developed by Jai Vakil Foundation.
• Jai Vakil Foundation: Established in 1944, this organization has 80 years of expertise in special education and has created a research-based, universally applicable curriculum.
• NIEPID (National Institute for the Empowerment of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities): A government body that certifies educational programs and initiatives for persons with intellectual disabilities.

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28. On the occasion of the first Amma Samman Diwas, which state launched the ‘Nari Adalat’ initiative?
A) Assam
B) Sikkim
C) Meghalaya
D) Nagaland
E) Arunachal Pradesh
Answer: B) Sikkim

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of Nari Adalat community-based women’s forum
• Location: Sikkim (Rongpo)
• Date: August 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Establish a women-led, community-based forum to resolve local disputes and social issues in rural and semi-urban Sikkim.
• Objectives: Empower women to address minor disputes locally in a supportive, non-intimidating setting, reducing reliance on the formal legal system.

Important Terms Explained:

• Nari Adalat: A community forum run by women to resolve minor disputes and social issues through dialogue-based, informal methods instead of lengthy court processes.
• Amma Samman Diwas: A state observance in Sikkim to honor and recognize the contributions of women, especially mothers, to society.
• Community-Based Justice: A localized approach to dispute resolution that prioritizes accessibility, inclusivity, and dialogue over formal legal proceedings.

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Over All Review

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