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January 26 & 27 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs January 26 & 27

1. What is the significance of International Customs Day observed on January 26 each year?
A) To celebrate aviation cooperation
B) To promote international tax reforms
C) To honour customs administrations and secure trade
D) To mark United Nations founding day
E) To recognise maritime transport innovations
Answer: C) To honour customs administrations and secure trade

Event and Location:

• Event: International Customs Day 2026 observed globally
• Location: Worldwide (led by World Customs Organization)
• Date: January 26, 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Customs administrations observe International Customs Day through seminars, awareness programs, and the recognition of exemplary officials.
• Objectives:
  • The objective is to recognise the role of customs authorities in facilitating global trade, enhancing border security, combating illegal trade, and promoting international cooperation.

Important Terms Explained:

• International Customs Day (ICD):
  • An annual observance on January 26 to recognise the contribution of customs officials and raise awareness on customs regulations and trade facilitation.
• World Customs Organization (WCO):
  • An intergovernmental body originally established as the Customs Cooperation Council (CCC) in 1952, renamed to WCO, which now includes 183 member countries covering 98% of world trade.
• Trade Facilitation:
  • The simplification, modernization, and harmonization of export and import processes to enhance the movement of goods across borders efficiently and securely.

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2. When is National Geographic Day 2026 observed, and what does it commemorate?
A) 25 January, celebrating global education
B) 26 January, honouring republic governance
C) 27 January, marking the founding of National Geographic Society
D) 28 January, supporting wildlife habitat awareness
E) 29 January, promoting space research
Answer: C) 27 January, marking the founding of National Geographic Society

Event and Location:

• Event: Celebration of National Geographic Day 2026
• Location: Global observance
• Date: 27 January 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The day commemorates the founding of the National Geographic Society and is celebrated to honour its contributions to geography, science, exploration, and environmental conservation.
• Objectives: To inspire global curiosity, promote geographic literacy, support sustainable living, and raise awareness about environmental and cultural preservation.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Geographic Society: A nonprofit organization founded in 1888 that supports global scientific research, exploration, and education through media and storytelling.
• Geographic Literacy: The understanding of Earth’s systems, including landscapes, climate, cultures, and biodiversity, essential for informed global citizenship.
• Environmental Conservation: The sustainable management and protection of natural resources and ecosystems to safeguard the planet’s future.

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs January 26 & 27

3. Who became the first-ever player to score a century in Women’s Premier League (WPL) history?
A) Sophie Devine
B) Smriti Mandhana
C) Hayley Matthews
D) Nat Sciver-Brunt
E) Georgia Voll
Answer: D) Nat Sciver-Brunt

Event and Location:

• Event: First-ever century scored in Women’s Premier League history
• Location: Kotambi Stadium, Vadodara, Gujarat
• Date: January 2026 (WPL Match 16)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Nat Sciver-Brunt scored an unbeaten 100 off 57 balls during a WPL 2026 match between Mumbai Indians and Royal Challengers Bengaluru
• Objectives: To lead her team to a strong total and break the long-standing record of highest individual WPL score, pushing the league into new performance benchmarks

Important Terms Explained:

• Women’s Premier League (WPL): India’s premier women’s T20 franchise cricket league, launched by the BCCI in 2023 to promote women’s cricket at a professional level
• Nat Sciver-Brunt: England women’s cricket team all-rounder and Mumbai Indians player, known for her composure and all-round capabilities in international and franchise cricket
• Century in T20 Cricket: Scoring 100 or more runs in a T20 match—considered a rare and significant achievement due to the short format and limited overs

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Obituary – Daily Current Affairs January 26 & 27

4. Which veteran journalist, known as the “BBC’s Voice of India”, passed away in January 2026?
A) Satish Jacob
B) John Elliot
C) Mark Tully
D) William Dalrymple
E) David Frost
Answer: C) Mark Tully

Event and Location:

• Event: Death of veteran journalist and author Mark Tully
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: January 26, 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Sir William Mark Tully, veteran BBC journalist, passed away at the age of 90 due to multi-organ failure following a stroke
• Objectives: To reflect on the legacy of a foreign correspondent who dedicated his life to reporting on India’s social, political, and cultural landscape with empathy, accuracy, and depth

Important Terms Explained:

• BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation): The UK’s national broadcaster and one of the most influential media organizations globally, where Mark Tully served as New Delhi Bureau Chief
• Operation Blue Star: A 1984 military operation ordered by PM Indira Gandhi to remove Sikh militants from the Golden Temple in Amritsar; covered in detail by Mark Tully
• Padma Bhushan & Padma Shri: Among the highest civilian awards in India, awarded to Mark Tully in recognition of his journalistic contributions

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5. Which former BCCI President, known for revolutionising cricket marketing and broadcasting in India, passed away in January 2026?
A) NKP Salve
B) Jagmohan Dalmiya
C) Sharad Pawar
D) Inderjit Singh Bindra
E) Anurag Thakur
Answer: D) Inderjit Singh Bindra

Event and Location:

• Event: Death of Inderjit Singh Bindra, former BCCI President and cricket administrator
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: January 26, 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Inderjit Singh Bindra, aged 84, passed away in New Delhi. He was known for bringing transformative changes to Indian cricket administration, broadcasting rights, and global commercial outreach
• Objectives: To honour the contributions of a pioneering figure who reshaped cricket’s business model, broke state broadcasting monopolies, and helped bring the 1987 Cricket World Cup to India

Important Terms Explained:

• BCCI (Board of Control for Cricket in India): Governing body for cricket in India, responsible for domestic and international cricket affairs; Bindra served as President from 1993–1996
• 1987 World Cup (Reliance Cup): First-ever ICC Cricket World Cup held outside England, hosted by India and Pakistan, due to the efforts of Bindra, NKP Salve, and Dalmiya
• Doordarshan Monopoly Case: Landmark legal battle initiated by Bindra to end Doordarshan’s exclusive rights on sports broadcasting, leading to private broadcasters entering Indian cricket

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs January 26 & 27

6. Who was awarded the Ashok Chakra in 2026 for becoming the first Indian to visit the International Space Station?
A) Group Captain Prashanth Nair
B) Major Arshdeep Singh
C) Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla
D) Wing Commander Rakesh Sharma
E) Naib Subedar Doleshwar Singh
Answer: C) Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla

Event and Location:

• Event: Approval of gallantry awards including the Ashok Chakra for Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla
• Location: India (across Army, Navy, Air Force personnel)
• Date: January 26, 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • President Droupadi Murmu approved gallantry awards for 70 Armed Forces personnel, including the Ashok Chakra, Kirti Chakras, Shaurya Chakras, and several service decorations.
• Objectives:
  • To honour acts of exceptional courage, selfless service, and contributions by military personnel in both operational and non-operational roles, recognising sacrifice and inspiring national pride.

Important Terms Explained:

• Ashok Chakra:
  • India’s highest peacetime gallantry award, conferred for the most conspicuous bravery or self-sacrifice away from the battlefield. Awarded to Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla in 2026.
• Kirti Chakra:
  • The second-highest peacetime gallantry award, given for courageous actions away from combat. Awarded in 2026 to Major Arshdeep Singh, Naib Subedar Doleshwar Subba Singh, and Group Captain Prashanth Nair.
• Mention-in-Despatches:
  • An official recognition of personnel who have performed distinguished service in operational scenarios. A total of 98 mentions were approved in 2026 for acts in operations like Rakshak, Meghdoot, and Rhino.

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7. Which state’s police force became the 15th in India to receive the President’s Police Colour Award in 2026?
A) Mizoram
B) Tripura
C) Sikkim
D) Assam
E) Nagaland
Answer: C) Sikkim

Event and Location:

• Event: Sikkim Police awarded the President’s Police Colour for distinguished service
• Location: Sikkim, India
• Date: January 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The President’s Police Colour Award (Nishaan) was conferred on the Sikkim Police, making it the 15th state in India and 3rd in the Northeast to receive the honour
• Objectives: To recognise long-standing professionalism, discipline, integrity, and distinguished service in maintaining law and order, especially in strategically sensitive border areas

Important Terms Explained:

• President’s Police Colour (Nishaan): One of the highest ceremonial honours for police forces in India, symbolised by a flag and insignia awarded for exceptional performance, discipline, and institutional legacy
• Colour Presentation Parade: A formal ceremonial event where the President’s Colour is officially handed over, symbolising national trust and the commitment of the force
• Sensitive Border State: A term referring to states like Sikkim, which share international borders and often face unique strategic and security challenges requiring efficient law enforcement

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8. Who became the first Indian to win the Wiley Research Heroes Prize 2025 in the ‘Impact Beyond Academia’ category?
A) Dr. Devi Shetty
B) Dr. Gagandeep Kang
C) Dr. Chandrakant Lahariya
D) Dr. Soumya Swaminathan
E) Dr. Naresh Trehan
Answer: C) Dr. Chandrakant Lahariya

Event and Location:

• Event: Dr. Chandrakant Lahariya wins Wiley Research Heroes Prize 2025
• Location: Global recognition; award declared internationally
• Date: 2025 (Announced prior to January 2026)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Dr. Chandrakant Lahariya became the first Indian to receive the Wiley Research Heroes Prize in the ‘Impact Beyond Academia’ category for public health research with real-world policy impact
• Objectives: To honour researchers whose work contributes significantly to public policy, health outcomes, and inclusive governance, going beyond academic publishing to tangible, on-ground implementation

Important Terms Explained:

• Wiley Research Heroes Prize: A global award by academic publisher Wiley recognising researchers whose work is inclusive, practically impactful, and addresses real-world challenges beyond academia
• Impact Beyond Academia: A category within the prize that rewards work influencing public policy, governance, and societal benefit, especially in health, education, and social sectors
• Universal Health Coverage (UHC): A global public health goal to ensure all individuals receive the health services they need without suffering financial hardship; Dr. Lahariya’s work aligns with this agenda

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs January 26 & 27

9. What recent operation was successfully executed by BRO under Project Sampark in January 2026?
A) Tunnel construction at Rohtang Pass
B) Rescue and road restoration at Chatergala Pass
C) Evacuation mission in Ladakh
D) Border fencing in Arunachal Pradesh
E) Infrastructure upgrade in Sikkim
Answer: B) Rescue and road restoration at Chatergala Pass

Event and Location:

• Event: BRO’s high-altitude rescue and road restoration operation after heavy snowfall
• Location: Chatergala Pass, Jammu & Kashmir (Bhaderwah-Chatergala axis)
• Date: 23–26 January 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Execution of rescue operations and road clearance after 5–6 feet of snowfall blocked nearly 38 km of road at Chatergala Pass under Project Sampark
• Objectives: To restore critical road connectivity, ensure evacuation of stranded civilians and army personnel, and maintain operational access in strategically vital areas during adverse weather

Important Terms Explained:

• Border Roads Organisation (BRO): A defence infrastructure agency under the Ministry of Defence, responsible for road construction and maintenance in India’s border and high-altitude areas.
• Project Sampark: One of BRO’s specific infrastructure development projects in the Jammu region focused on connectivity along border roads.
• Chatergala Pass: A high-altitude mountain pass (10,500 ft) in Jammu region, vital for movement of civilians and armed forces, often impacted by snowfall and weather-related disruptions.

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs January 26 & 27

10. As part of the India–EU trade negotiations, what is the proposed peak import tariff on EU-made cars under the new plan?
A) 110%
B) 70%
C) 55%
D) 40%
E) 25%
Answer: D) 40%

Event and Location:

• Event: India plans to reduce car import tariffs from the European Union
• Location: India–EU bilateral trade negotiations
• Date: January 26, 2026 (announcement stage)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • India proposes to cut import tariffs on European Union-made internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles from 110% to 40%, with a quota-based initial rollout.
• Objectives:
  • To advance the long-pending India–EU Free Trade Agreement (FTA), improve market access for European automakers, attract foreign investment, and strategically balance domestic industry interests with global trade integration.

Important Terms Explained:

• Import Tariff:
  • A tax levied on goods entering a country. India currently imposes up to 110% import duty on foreign-made cars. The proposed reduction aims to stimulate trade while protecting domestic industry through phased implementation.
• Free Trade Agreement (FTA):
  • A pact between two or more countries to reduce barriers to imports and exports. The India–EU FTA aims to promote trade in goods, services, investment, and digital economy cooperation.
• Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs):
  • Fully electric cars powered by batteries. These are excluded from the tariff cuts for five years, allowing time for India’s domestic EV ecosystem to strengthen before exposing it to foreign competition.

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11. Which international event saw India participate as a Partner Country for the first time in 31 years in 2026?
A) World Food India
B) SIAL Paris
C) Gulfood 2026
D) Global Agri Expo
E) Expo Alimentaria Dubai
Answer: C) Gulfood 2026

Event and Location:

• Event: India participates as Partner Country at Gulfood 2026
• Location: Dubai, UAE (Dubai World Trade Centre & Dubai Exhibition Centre, Expo City)
• Date: January 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India, led by APEDA, is participating as a Partner Country at Gulfood 2026 with 161 exhibitors, showcasing the nation’s agri-food capabilities, export potential, and food processing strength
• Objectives: To boost India’s agri-exports, enhance international brand visibility, attract global investment in food processing and agri-infrastructure, and strengthen India-UAE trade relations

Important Terms Explained:

• Gulfood: The world’s largest annual food and beverage sourcing event held in Dubai, attracting global buyers, investors, and suppliers across the food supply chain
• APEDA: Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority, under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, responsible for promoting the export of agri and processed food products from India
• FIEO: Federation of Indian Export Organisations, a trade promotion body that supports Indian exporters and is participating with 11 exhibitors at Gulfood 2026
• Invest India: A national investment promotion and facilitation agency under the Ministry of Commerce that works to attract foreign investments across various sectors, including agri-logistics and food processing

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12. What major agreement was concluded at the 16th India–EU Summit held in January 2026?
A) India–EU Climate Pact
B) India–EU Defence Treaty
C) India–EU Free Trade Agreement
D) India–EU Cybersecurity Deal
E) India–EU Schengen Visa Waiver
Answer: C) India–EU Free Trade Agreement

Event and Location:

• Event: Conclusion of the India–EU Free Trade Agreement at the 16th India–EU Summit
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: January 27, 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India and the European Union formally concluded negotiations on a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) after nearly two decades, and signed a Security and Defence Partnership (SDP) and Green Hydrogen Task Force agreement
• Objectives: To enhance bilateral trade, promote investment, deepen strategic and defence ties, strengthen cooperation in climate action, and position India–EU as a major economic bloc with a quarter share in global GDP

Important Terms Explained:

• Free Trade Agreement (FTA): A pact between countries to reduce or eliminate tariffs, quotas, and trade barriers to encourage free flow of goods, services, and investments
• Security and Defence Partnership (SDP): A strategic framework signed between India and the EU to boost cooperation in defence production, maritime security, cyber defence, and intelligence sharing
• Green Hydrogen Task Force: A bilateral initiative to promote joint research, development, and investment in green hydrogen, a clean energy source essential to meeting climate goals

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13. Which country officially withdrew from the World Health Organization in 2026, citing failures in COVID-19 management?
A) United Kingdom
B) France
C) China
D) United States
E) Russia
Answer: D) United States

Event and Location:

• Event: Formal withdrawal of the United States from the World Health Organization (WHO)
• Location: Geneva (WHO HQ) and Washington, D.C.
• Date: January 2026 (Exit process initiated in January 2025)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The United States formally exited the World Health Organization after completing a one-year legal notice period following an executive order by President Donald Trump
• Objectives: To protest the WHO’s alleged mishandling of the COVID-19 pandemic, reduce perceived overdependence on multilateral institutions, and redirect global health engagement through bilateral cooperation

Important Terms Explained:

• World Health Organization (WHO): A specialized United Nations agency headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, responsible for international public health, disease surveillance, and global health standards
• Executive Order: A legally binding directive issued by the US President, used here to initiate the withdrawal process from WHO
• Observer Status: A non-member position in international organizations allowing participation in discussions without voting rights; the US declined even this limited role post-withdrawal

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14. Which country recently moved a bill to ban children under 15 from using social media, citing mental health and online safety concerns?
A) United Kingdom
B) Australia
C) Germany
D) France
E) Spain
Answer: D) France

Event and Location:

• Event: France approves bill to ban under-15s from using social media platforms
• Location: France (National Assembly)
• Date: January 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The French National Assembly passed a bill banning children under 15 from accessing social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, YouTube, Snapchat, pending Senate approval
• Objectives: To address rising concerns related to youth mental health, online bullying, digital addiction, and exposure to harmful content, and to set clear age-based boundaries on children’s access to digital platforms

Important Terms Explained:

• National Assembly (France): The lower house of the French Parliament, responsible for passing legislation; passed the bill with a majority vote (116–23)
• Age Verification System: A mechanism to ensure digital platforms comply with age-restriction laws; must be compliant with EU data protection regulations
• Australia’s Social Media Ban (2023): The world’s first national-level ban on social media access for under-16s, introduced as a child safety initiative; cited as the inspiration for France’s legislation

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs January 26 & 27

15. What does the renaming of Rajpath to Kartavya Path primarily symbolize?
A) Return to pre-colonial urban designs
B) Introduction of foreign investment zones
C) Shift from colonial authority to duty-based democracy
D) Preservation of British architectural heritage
E) Emphasis on tourism over administration
Answer: C) Shift from colonial authority to duty-based democracy

Event and Location:

• Event: Renaming of Rajpath to Kartavya Path under Central Vista Redevelopment
• Location: New Delhi, India
• Date: 2022 (renaming), ongoing relevance as of January 26, 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Renaming of Rajpath to Kartavya Path and redevelopment of the surrounding ceremonial infrastructure as part of the Central Vista Redevelopment Project.
• Objectives:
  • To reflect India’s shift from a colonial, ruler-centric legacy to a citizen- and duty-centric democratic identity, while modernising national infrastructure to support administrative and ceremonial functions.

Important Terms Explained:

• Kartavya Path:
  • The renamed ceremonial boulevard in New Delhi, formerly known as Rajpath. The name Kartavya, meaning duty, highlights the importance of civic responsibility in Indian democracy.
• Central Vista Redevelopment Project:
  • An ambitious initiative by the Government of India to revamp the central administrative area of New Delhi, including new Parliament buildings, secretariats, and the refurbishment of Kartavya Path with sustainable, citizen-friendly features.
• Article 51A (Fundamental Duties):
  • A constitutional provision in the Indian Constitution outlining the duties of every citizen, reinforcing the balance between rights and responsibilities in democratic governance.

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16. How many tableaux were featured in the Republic Day 2026 parade, and what were the central themes?
A) 26 tableaux, Make in India and Beti Bachao
B) 20 tableaux, Digital India and Skill India
C) 30 tableaux, Vande Mataram and Aatmanirbhar Bharat
D) 40 tableaux, Swachh Bharat and Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav
E) 35 tableaux, New Education Policy and National Security
Answer: C) 30 tableaux, Vande Mataram and Aatmanirbhar Bharat

Event and Location:

• Event: Republic Day 2026 Parade featuring 30 tableaux
• Location: Kartavya Path, New Delhi
• Date: 26 January 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates:
  • Republic Day 2026 parade featured 30 tableaux—17 from States/UTs and 13 from Ministries/Departments/Services—on Kartavya Path.
• Objectives:
  • To showcase India’s freedom legacy and progress towards self-reliance, promote national unity through cultural representation, and highlight key government schemes and milestones.

Important Terms Explained:

• Kartavya Path:
  • The ceremonial boulevard in New Delhi where the Republic Day parade is held, symbolising India’s shift from colonial legacy (Rajpath) to duty-based democracy.
• Aatmanirbhar Bharat:
  • A central vision of India’s development focused on self-reliance in sectors like defence, healthcare, education, and technology, introduced in 2020.
• SVAMITVA Scheme:
  • Launched by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj, it provides property cards to rural residents, aiming to promote financial inclusion and rural governance.

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17. What major requirement has the UGC mandated in its 2026 anti-caste discrimination regulations for all colleges and universities?
A) Setting up SC/ST cells only in central universities
B) Offering caste-based scholarships for all students
C) Establishing Equal Opportunity Centres with diverse representation
D) Introducing a new reservation quota in hostels
E) Replacing UGC with a private education board
Answer: C) Establishing Equal Opportunity Centres with diverse representation

Event and Location:

• Event: UGC issues mandatory anti-caste discrimination regulations in higher education
• Location: All higher education institutions across India
• Date: January 2026

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: UGC mandates the establishment of Equal Opportunity Centres (EOCs) in all colleges and universities, along with periodic reporting, national-level monitoring, and strict penalties for non-compliance
• Objectives: To combat caste discrimination, ensure inclusive learning environments, empower marginalized communities, and create fair and transparent grievance redressal mechanisms in Indian higher education institutions

Important Terms Explained:

• University Grants Commission (UGC): A statutory body under the Ministry of Education that coordinates, determines, and maintains standards of higher education in India
• Equal Opportunity Centre (EOC): A mandatory institutional body to handle discrimination complaints, promote inclusivity, and represent marginalized student communities including SCs, STs, OBCs, women, and disabled students
• Thorat Committee (2007): A committee formed to investigate caste-based discrimination in higher education; it exposed the existence of “separate spaces” and exclusion of marginalized students on campuses

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