Daily Current Affairs October 28

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October 28 | Daily Current Affairs 2025

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs October 28

1. International Animation Day, celebrated on October 28, commemorates the first public screening of animated images by which inventor?
A) Georges Méliès
B) Émile Reynaud
C) Winsor McCay
D) Walt Disney
E) Max Fleischer
Answer: B) Émile Reynaud

Event and Location:

• Event: Celebration of International Animation Day (IAD) 2025
• Location: Celebrated globally across 50+ countries
• Date: October 28, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: International Animation Day, established by ASIFA in 2002, is observed every year on October 28 to commemorate the first projected animation screening by Émile Reynaud in 1892.
• Objectives: To promote animation as a global art form, foster cross-cultural dialogue, support educational outreach in animation, and celebrate the history and future of animated storytelling.

Important Terms Explained:

• ASIFA (Association Internationale du Film d’Animation): A global non-profit animation society that initiated International Animation Day and promotes the art of animation through festivals, film exchanges, and educational programs.
• Théâtre Optique: An early animation device developed by Émile Reynaud that enabled the projection of hand-drawn images onto a screen, predating traditional film projectors.
• Lucija Mrzljak: An internationally acclaimed animator chosen to design the International Animation Day 2025 official poster, reflecting the artistic spirit of global animation.

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2. The Indian Army celebrates Infantry Day on 27 October each year to commemorate which historic event?
A) Launch of Operation Vijay in Kargil
B) Signing of the Instrument of Accession
C) Landing of troops in Srinagar in 1947
D) Formation of the Indian Army
E) India’s first nuclear test
Answer: C) Landing of troops in Srinagar in 1947

Event and Location:

• Event: 79th Infantry Day observed by the Indian Army
• Location: Nationwide observance by Indian Army units
• Date: 27 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Commemoration of the air-lifting of the 1st Battalion of The Sikh Regiment to Srinagar in 1947
• Objectives: To honour the bravery and sacrifice of infantry soldiers and highlight their critical role in defending national integrity during the 1947 invasion of Jammu & Kashmir

Important Terms Explained:

• Infantry Day: Observed annually on 27 October to commemorate the Indian Army’s first military operation post-independence, when troops were deployed to defend Jammu & Kashmir in 1947.
• Instrument of Accession: A legal document signed on 26 October 1947 by Maharaja Hari Singh, enabling Jammu & Kashmir’s accession to the Indian Union.
• Sikh Regiment: One of the oldest and most decorated regiments of the Indian Army, whose 1st Battalion was the first to be deployed during the 1947 conflict in Kashmir.

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs October 28

3. Which two Indian chess players won individual gold at the European Chess Club Cup 2025?
A) Arjun Erigaisi and Koneru Humpy
B) R Praggnanandhaa and Harika Dronavalli
C) D Gukesh and Divya Deshmukh
D) Vidit Gujrathi and Tania Sachdev
E) Nihal Sarin and Vaishali Rameshbabu
Answer: C) D Gukesh and Divya Deshmukh

Event and Location:

• Event: Indian chess players D Gukesh and Divya Deshmukh win gold at European Chess Club Cup 2025
• Location: European Chess Club Cup (Europe), with next event in Goa, India
• Date: 28 October 2025 (posted)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: D Gukesh won gold on Board 1 for SuperChess; Divya Deshmukh won gold on Board 2 for Cercle d’echecs de Monte Carlo in the women’s event
• Objectives: To boost form, confidence, and international standing ahead of the Chess World Cup 2025 scheduled in Goa, India

Important Terms Explained:

• European Chess Club Cup: An elite annual team chess tournament where top clubs from across Europe compete. Individual board medals are awarded in addition to team rankings.
• SuperChess: The chess club team represented by D Gukesh, which won the tournament; one of Europe’s strongest teams.
• Cercle d’echecs de Monte Carlo: A prestigious women’s chess club based in Monaco, represented by Divya Deshmukh in the event.
• Chess World Cup: A major FIDE event acting as a qualifier for the Candidates Tournament, determining contenders for the World Chess Championship.

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4. Which country won both the boys’ and girls’ U-18 kabaddi gold medals at the 2025 Asian Youth Games in Bahrain?
A) Iran
B) Japan
C) South Korea
D) India
E) Thailand
Answer: D) India

Event and Location:

• Event: India wins double gold in U-18 Kabaddi at Asian Youth Games 2025
• Location: Riffa, Bahrain (Isa Sports City Arena)
• Date: October 28, 2025 (final matches)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Participation of India’s U-18 boys’ and girls’ kabaddi teams in the Asian Youth Games 2025
• Objectives: To compete and excel in youth-level kabaddi, nurture young talent, and enhance India’s standing in continental kabaddi events

Important Terms Explained:

• Asian Youth Games: A continental multi-sport event for athletes aged 14–18 across Asia, aimed at promoting youth sports and international camaraderie
• Kabaddi: A contact team sport that originated in India, involving raiding and defending across a central line on a rectangular court
• Isa Sports City Arena: A major indoor sporting venue in Riffa, Bahrain, used for hosting kabaddi and other indoor sports during the Games

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5. Who won the 2025 Mexico City Grand Prix and took the lead in the Formula 1 Drivers’ Championship?
A) Max Verstappen
B) Charles Leclerc
C) Oscar Piastri
D) Lewis Hamilton
E) Lando Norris
Answer: E) Lando Norris

Event and Location:

• Event: Lando Norris wins Mexico GP, takes 2025 F1 Championship lead
• Location: Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez, Mexico City, Mexico
• Date: October 27, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: McLaren’s Lando Norris secured pole and finished first at the Mexico City GP, gaining the lead in the 2025 F1 Drivers’ Championship
• Objectives: To secure critical points for the Drivers’ and Constructors’ Championship titles in the 2025 Formula 1 season

Important Terms Explained:

• Lights-to-flag victory: A race win where the driver leads from the start (lights out) to the finish line without losing the lead
• Drivers’ Championship: Annual F1 points competition determining the best performing individual driver
• Constructors’ Championship: Points-based contest between F1 teams based on both drivers’ performances
• Penalty: Time added or grid placement loss due to race infractions (e.g., Hamilton’s 10-second penalty)
• DNF (Did Not Finish): A classification for drivers who are forced to retire from the race due to mechanical failure or incidents

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs October 28

6. The World Bank recently approved a $280 million loan to Kerala for which programme?
A) Ayushman Bharat
B) National Digital Health Mission
C) Kerala Health System Improvement Programme
D) Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana
E) Swasthya Bharat Abhiyan
Answer: C) Kerala Health System Improvement Programme

Event and Location:

• Event: World Bank loan approved for Kerala Health System Improvement Programme (KHSIP)
• Location: Kerala, India
• Date: 28 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Approval of a $280 million IBRD loan to Kerala for strengthening digital, chronic care, and climate-resilient health systems.
• Objectives: To improve healthcare access and outcomes for 11 million elderly and vulnerable citizens while enhancing climate-resilient and digital health infrastructure.

Important Terms Explained:

• Kerala Health System Improvement Programme (KHSIP): A state-level health reform initiative focused on chronic disease management, elderly care, digital health platforms, and climate adaptation in healthcare delivery.
• IBRD (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development): A World Bank institution providing financial and technical assistance to middle-income countries and credit-worthy low-income countries.
• eHealth: Digitally enabled health infrastructure involving electronic health records, telemedicine, data integration, and cyber-secure medical information systems.

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs October 28

7. Who has been elected as the 10th President of Ireland in October 2025?
A) Heather Humphreys
B) Simon Harris
C) Mary Lou McDonald
D) Catherine Connolly
E) Micheál Martin
Answer: D) Catherine Connolly

Event and Location:

• Event: Election of Catherine Connolly as Ireland’s 10th President
• Location: Ireland
• Date: 24 October 2025 (election date); announced 28 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Catherine Connolly, an independent left-wing politician, was elected President of Ireland with ~63% of the vote.
• Objectives: To represent a socially just, inclusive, and neutral Ireland; to provide a ceremonial yet morally significant leadership as Head of State.

Important Terms Explained:

• President of Ireland: The ceremonial head of state, with powers primarily symbolic but carrying moral and cultural influence.
• Teachta Dála (TD): A member of the lower house of the Irish Parliament (Dáil Éireann), elected by the people.
• Neutrality: Ireland’s longstanding foreign policy stance of staying out of military alliances and foreign armed conflicts, which Connolly strongly supports.

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8. Who has been reappointed as the part-time Chairman of Kotak Mahindra Bank for the term beginning January 1, 2026?
A) Uday Kotak
B) Ashok Vaswani
C) N S Vishwanathan
D) C S Rajan
E) Rajnish Kumar
Answer: D) C S Rajan

Event and Location:

• Event: Reappointment of C S Rajan as part-time Chairman of Kotak Mahindra Bank
• Location: India
• Date: Approved on October 28, 2025; tenure from January 1, 2026 – October 21, 2027

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: RBI has approved the reappointment of C S Rajan as part-time Chairman of Kotak Mahindra Bank for a new term.
• Objectives: To ensure leadership continuity, maintain strong governance, and support the bank’s ongoing digital and financial transformation.

Important Terms Explained:

• Part-time Chairman: A non-executive board member who leads the board meetings and governance framework but is not involved in daily operations.
• Kotak Mahindra Bank: One of India’s leading private sector banks, focused on retail banking, corporate services, and wealth management.
• RBI (Reserve Bank of India): India’s central banking institution, which regulates the issue and supply of the Indian rupee and oversees financial institutions.

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Awards – Daily Current Affairs October 28

9. Who won the 2025 Ursula K. Le Guin Prize for Fiction for the novel Rakesfall?
A) Sequoia Nagamatsu
B) Indra Das
C) Vajra Chandrasekera
D) Rebecca Roanhorse
E) Kelly Link
Answer: C) Vajra Chandrasekera

Event and Location:

• Event: Vajra Chandrasekera wins 2025 Ursula K. Le Guin Prize for Fiction
• Location: Global (Prize administered from the USA; winner from Sri Lanka)
• Date: October 28, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: The Ursula K. Le Guin Prize awards $25,000 annually to a work of imaginative fiction that reflects values like equity, hope, and non-violence.
• Objectives: To honor fiction that challenges dominant power systems and promotes holistic, inclusive perspectives, especially from underrepresented voices.

Important Terms Explained:

• Ursula K. Le Guin Prize for Fiction: An international literary award established in 2022 to celebrate novels that explore societal themes with imagination and moral clarity.
• Speculative Fiction: A genre encompassing science fiction, fantasy, and related sub-genres that examine “what if” scenarios outside realistic norms.
• Rakesfall: The award-winning novel by Vajra Chandrasekera, recognized for its deep exploration of power, colonialism, AI, and human ambition.

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs October 28

10. What is the name of the first satellite constellation dedicated to 3D wind data announced by Hong Kong-based Stellerus Technology?
A) WindMap
B) AeolusNet
C) Feilian Constellation
D) TyphoonNet
E) VayuLink
Answer: C) Feilian Constellation

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of the world’s first 3D wind data satellite network
• Location: Global (by Hong Kong-based company)
• Date: 28 October 2025 (announcement date)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Stellerus Technology announced the deployment of the Feilian Constellation, the first satellite system for global 3D wind data collection.
• Objectives: To close existing meteorological data gaps, improve weather forecasting, enhance renewable energy efficiency, and support aviation safety, disaster management, and climate modelling.

Important Terms Explained:

• Feilian Constellation: A satellite network named after a Chinese wind god, designed to deliver hourly, kilometer-scale 3D wind maps globally.
• 3D Wind Data: Measurement of wind speed, direction, and vertical movement—critical for weather modelling but currently under-observed.
• Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co.: China’s first commercial remote-sensing satellite operator and technical partner in the Feilian project.
• HKUST-FYBB#1: Hong Kong’s first university-led environmental satellite, launched in collaboration between HKUST and Chang Guang in 2023.
• Banner I. Miller Award: A prestigious award from the American Meteorological Society recognizing outstanding meteorological science.

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs October 28

11. Which Indian vessel recently completed its first passenger voyage to Barren Island, India’s only active volcano?
A) M.V. Swaraj Dweep
B) INS Vikrant
C) Sindhu
D) Andaman Queen
E) Rani Lakshmibai
Answer: C) Sindhu

Event and Location:

• Event: Maiden passenger voyage of vessel ‘Sindhu’ to Barren Island
• Location: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India
• Date: 24 October 2025 (departure)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Launch of India’s first passenger voyage to Barren Island using the vessel Sindhu by the Andaman Administration
• Objectives: Promote safe and structured tourism to India’s only active volcano, enhance student outreach and natural heritage tourism in the Andaman region

Important Terms Explained:

• Barren Island: The only confirmed active volcano in the Indian subcontinent, located in the Andaman Sea, about 140 km from Port Blair. It lies along an active tectonic subduction zone and erupts intermittently.
• Sindhu Vessel: A newly launched passenger vessel equipped with multiple accommodation classes, offering India’s first civilian sea-based access to Barren Island.
• Haddo Wharf: The main passenger and cargo terminal in Port Blair from where the vessel departs for Barren Island and other maritime routes.

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International Affairs – Daily Current Affairs October 27

12. Which country contributed the name “Montha” for the cyclone currently affecting India’s east coast in October 2025?
A) Myanmar
B) Thailand
C) Sri Lanka
D) India
E) Bangladesh
Answer: B) Thailand

Event and Location:

• Event: Formation of Cyclone Montha over the Bay of Bengal; expected to make landfall on India’s east coast
• Location: Bay of Bengal and coastal states of eastern and southern India
• Date: October 28, 2025 (expected SCS status and landfall forecast)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Cyclone Montha, forming over the southeast Bay of Bengal, is forecasted by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) to intensify into a Severe Cyclonic Storm (SCS) by October 28, 2025. It is expected to make landfall between Kakinada and Kalingapatnam in Andhra Pradesh, affecting multiple coastal and inland states.
• Objectives: To alert the public, enable disaster preparedness, and highlight the scientific and geopolitical context behind tropical cyclones, naming protocols, and regional vulnerabilities.

Important Terms Explained:

• Cyclone Montha: A tropical cyclone named by Thailand under the WMO/ESCAP naming convention. Expected to impact India’s eastern coastline in October 2025.
• Bay of Bengal Cyclone Vulnerability: The Bay of Bengal frequently generates cyclones due to warm shallow waters, high humidity, and enclosed geography, especially during pre- and post-monsoon seasons.
• Severe Cyclonic Storm (SCS): As per IMD classification, this is a cyclone with wind speeds between 89–117 km/h, capable of causing widespread damage in coastal and adjacent inland areas.

Tabular Summary:

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13. What is the name of the nuclear-powered cruise missile recently tested successfully by Russia with a claimed range of 14,000 km?
A) Kinzhal
B) Iskander
C) Sarmat
D) Burevestnik
E) Zircon
Answer: D) Burevestnik

Event and Location:

• Event: Successful test of Russia’s nuclear-powered cruise missile Burevestnik
• Location: Russian Federation
• Date: October 28, 2025 (announcement date)

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Russia tested the Burevestnik (9M730) cruise missile, which flew for 15 hours and covered 14,000 km, according to President Putin.
• Objectives: To strengthen strategic nuclear deterrence capabilities and bypass traditional missile defence systems using advanced nuclear propulsion technology.

Important Terms Explained:

• Burevestnik (9M730): A nuclear-powered, long-range cruise missile developed by Russia; it uses a miniaturised reactor for propulsion, enabling extremely long-range flight and unpredictable paths.
• NATO codename SSC-X-9 Skyfall: NATO’s designation for the Burevestnik missile system, believed to be capable of evading missile defence systems due to low-altitude, erratic trajectories.
• Nuclear Propulsion: A propulsion method using a small onboard nuclear reactor, allowing the missile extended flight time and range not possible with conventional engines.

Tabular Summary:

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14. Which year has been declared as the “ASEAN–India Year of Maritime Cooperation”?
A) 2025
B) 2026
C) 2027
D) 2030
E) 2024
Answer: B) 2026

Event and Location:

• Event: India declares 2026 as ASEAN–India Year of Maritime Cooperation
• Location: 22nd ASEAN–India Summit, Kuala Lumpur
• Date: 26 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: India officially announced that the year 2026 will be observed as the ASEAN–India Year of Maritime Cooperation, focusing on joint maritime activities and partnerships.
• Objectives: To strengthen maritime collaboration in areas such as maritime security, blue economy, HADR, and regional maritime connectivity, and reinforce India’s Act East Policy through deeper strategic integration with ASEAN.

Important Terms Explained:

• ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations): A political and economic union of 10 Southeast Asian countries aimed at promoting regional cooperation and integration.
• Maritime Security: Refers to protection of seas and oceans through naval cooperation, surveillance, anti-piracy, and law enforcement across maritime boundaries.
• Blue Economy: A sustainable economic model that utilizes ocean resources for economic growth, improved livelihoods, and ocean ecosystem health, while ensuring environmental sustainability.
• HADR (Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief): A military and civil cooperative initiative providing disaster response, rescue, and relief operations during maritime or coastal emergencies.
• Act East Policy: India’s diplomatic strategy to strengthen relations with Southeast Asian and Asia-Pacific nations through cultural, economic, and strategic initiatives.

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15. What is the name of Japan’s first yen-pegged stablecoin launched in October 2025?
A) YenPay
B) StableYen
C) JPYC
D) JCoin
E) Y-Token
Answer: C) JPYC

Event and Location:

• Event: Launch of the world’s first yen-pegged stablecoin
• Location: Japan (issued by Tokyo-based JPYC Inc.)
• Date: 27 October 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: JPYC Inc. launched JPYC, a yen-pegged stablecoin backed by Japanese yen and government bonds, with a zero transaction fee rollout.
• Objectives: To offer a stable, fast, and low-cost digital payment alternative for startups and global businesses, and establish Japan as a key player in the global crypto-fintech space.

Important Terms Explained:

• Stablecoin: A digital token pegged to a fiat currency or asset to reduce volatility, used for payments and settlements.
• JPYC: Japan’s first yen-backed stablecoin, designed to maintain a 1:1 value with the yen and supported by Japanese government bonds.
• JGBs (Japanese Government Bonds): Debt securities issued by Japan’s government, used as collateral to stabilize JPYC’s value.
• Bank of Japan (BOJ): The central bank of Japan, responsible for monetary policy and financial stability, which monitors the risks of digital currencies.
• Digital Currency: Electronic form of a country’s fiat currency or asset, transacted over blockchain or centralized platforms.

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16. Where was the bust of Rabindranath Tagore sculpted by Yuan Xikun recently unveiled?
A) Indian Museum, Kolkata
B) UNESCO Headquarters, Paris
C) Indian Embassy, Beijing
D) Tagore Centre, Dhaka
E) National Gallery of Modern Art, Delhi
Answer: C) Indian Embassy, Beijing

Event and Location:

• Event: Unveiling of Rabindranath Tagore’s bust by Chinese sculptor Yuan Xikun
• Location: Indian Embassy, Beijing, China
• Date: October 28, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: A bronze bust of Rabindranath Tagore, sculpted by Chinese artist Yuan Xikun, was inaugurated at the Indian Embassy in Beijing.
• Objectives: To honour Tagore’s civilisational impact, strengthen India-China cultural ties, and promote philosophical dialogue through the “Sangamam” symposium.

Important Terms Explained:

• Rabindranath Tagore: India’s first Nobel laureate (Literature, 1913), known for his contributions to literature, music, education, and internationalism.
• Yuan Xikun: Renowned Chinese sculptor and environmentalist known for his portraits of global leaders and cultural icons.
• Sangamam – A Confluence of Indian Philosophical Traditions: A cultural symposium exploring India’s spiritual and philosophical legacy in a global context, held alongside the bust unveiling.

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs October 29

17. Who inaugurated India Maritime Week 2025, highlighting India’s maritime vision of safety, stability, and self-reliance?
A) Sarbananda Sonowal
B) Narendra Modi
C) Amit Shah
D) Devendra Fadnavis
E) Nitin Gadkari
Answer: C) Amit Shah

Event and Location:

• Event: Inauguration of India Maritime Week 2025
• Location: Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
• Date: October 28, 2025

Mandates and Objectives:

• Mandates: Launch of India Maritime Week to promote investment, infrastructure, and international engagement in India’s maritime sector.
• Objectives: To position India as a leading maritime power by focusing on port development, blue economy, shipbuilding, and regional trade connectivity.

Important Terms Explained:

• India Maritime Week: A flagship event showcasing India’s maritime infrastructure, trade policies, and strategic maritime outlook with global participation.
• Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ): A sea zone prescribed by the United Nations over which a country has special rights regarding exploration and use of marine resources—India’s EEZ spans 23.7 lakh sq km.
• Vadhavan Port: An upcoming mega-port in Maharashtra, set to become India’s largest and one of the world’s top 10 ports, aiming to enhance India’s global shipping capacity.

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Over All Review

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