Daily Current Affairs March 11

Dear Champions, as you all know that a lot of competitive exams have been notified consequently. Candidates have to prepare themselves according to the level of competition and expectation of the Recruitment board. Regarding that one of the most important topic is Daily Current Affairs March 11. Current Affairs in the form of contemporary events of national & international play a crucial role in almost every competitive exams like Banking, Insurance, SSC, UPSC, TNPSC, Railway etc.

Current affairs are the most dynamic yet scoring among all sections and need to be prepared from the right source. Here, we cafunsta team, providing Daily GK Updates, Current Affairs Questions, and Monthly current affairs pdf.

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March 11 | Daily Current Affairs 2024

Important Days – Daily Current Affairs March 11

1. CISF Raising Day is observed annually on which date?
A) March 5
B) March 10
C) April 15
D) February 20
E) March 25
Answer: B) March 10

Event and Location:

• Event: 56th CISF Raising Day
• Date: March 10, 2025
• Location: Thakkolam, Tamil Nadu
• Chief Guest: Amit Shah (Union Home Minister).
• Other Attendees: Dr. L. Murugan (Union Minister), Shri Rajvinder Singh Bhatti (CISF Director General).

History of CISF Raising Day:

• Establishment: The CISF was established on March 10, 1969, under the CISF Act of 1968.
• Initial Strength: The force began with 3 battalions comprising approximately 2,800 personnel.
• Current Strength: The CISF has expanded to around 1,88,000 personnel.

Mandates and Objectives:

• Infrastructure Security: Responsible for safeguarding airports, metro networks, seaports, atomic energy plants, space research centers, and industrial sectors.
• Government Protection: Provides security to government buildings and historical monuments.
• Event Security: Ensures safety at major public events.
• Economic Stability: Plays a vital role in protecting critical economic assets.

Celebrations of CISF Raising Day:

• Parades & Ceremonial Events: Flag hoisting, parades, and military drills take place.
• Award Ceremonies: Honors CISF personnel for bravery and outstanding service.
• Training & Skill Development: Conducts security workshops and training programs.
• Cultural Programs: Organizes music, dance performances, and speeches.
• Community Service Initiatives: Arranges blood donation drives, health camps, and awareness programs.

Important Terms Explained:

• CISF (Central Industrial Security Force): A paramilitary force under the Ministry of Home Affairs responsible for securing industrial and critical infrastructure.
• CISF Act, 1968: The legislative framework under which CISF was established, defining its roles and responsibilities.

Tabular Summary:

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2. What is the theme of the 54th National Safety Week 2025?
A) Safety First, Progress Always
B) Ensure Safety, Ensure Growth
C) Safety & Well-being Crucial for Viksit Bharat
D) Safe Workplaces, Strong Nation
E) Industrial Safety for Sustainable Future
Answer: C) Safety & Well-being Crucial for Viksit Bharat

Event and Location:

• Event: 54th National Safety Week 2025
• Observance Period: March 4 – March 10, 2025
• National Safety Day: March 4, 2025
• Theme: Safety & Well-being Crucial for Viksit Bharat.

Origin and Significance of National Safety Week:

• Foundation of National Safety Council (NSC): The National Safety Council (NSC) of India was established on March 4, 1966, as a non-profit organization promoting workplace safety, health, and environmental preservation.
• Inception of National Safety Day & Week: National Safety Day was first observed on March 4, 1972, marking the foundation day of NSC. Later, it was extended into National Safety Week to create greater awareness about safety measures across industries.

Importance of National Safety Week:

• Raises awareness about workplace safety and accident prevention.
• Encourages industries to implement safety protocols and reduce hazards.
• Promotes employee well-being and occupational health.
• Strengthens safety culture in industrial and corporate environments.

Activities & Initiatives During National Safety Week 2025:

• Awareness Campaigns & Safety Pledges: Employees take safety pledges to commit to accident prevention and workplace safety.
• Workshops & Training Programs: Sessions on fire safety, first aid, hazard identification, and emergency response planning are conducted.
• Safety Drills & Demonstrations: Fire drills, emergency evacuations, and mock safety exercises prepare employees for emergencies.
• Competitions & Awards: Organizations host safety quizzes, slogan-writing contests, and poster-making events to engage employees. Awards are given to companies excelling in workplace safety.
• Digital & Social Media Awareness: Social media campaigns, webinars, and digital infographics help spread safety awareness on a larger scale.

Impact of National Safety Week on Workplaces:

• Reduction in Workplace Hazards: Encourages industries to minimize risks and follow best safety practices.
• Improved Compliance: Enhances adherence to safety laws and industrial regulations.
• Strengthening of Safety Culture: Promotes proactive safety measures across different sectors.
• Increased Awareness: Educates employees and employers about workplace and environmental safety.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Safety Council (NSC): A non-profit organization established in 1966 to promote industrial safety, occupational health, and environmental protection in India.
• Occupational Safety: Measures taken to protect employees from workplace hazards, ensuring a safe and productive environment.

Tabular Summary:

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Sports – Daily Current Affairs March 11

3. What is the new name of the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) after its rebranding in 2025?
A) Commonwealth Athletics
B) Commonwealth Sport
C) Commonwealth Games Organization
D) Commonwealth Olympic Council
E) Global Commonwealth Federation
Answer: B) Commonwealth Sport

Event and Location:

• Event: Commonwealth Games Federation Rebrands as ‘Commonwealth Sport’
• Why in the News?
  • The Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) has been rebranded as Commonwealth Sport, with the announcement made on March 10, 2025, in celebration of Commonwealth Day.

Reason for Name Change:

• Shift to a Global Sports Movement: The rebranding reflects CGF’s transition from a sports federation to a global sports movement, focusing on unity, development, and inclusion through sports.

Legal Entity Name:

• Retains Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF): The organization’s legal name will remain Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF), but its public identity and branding will now be under Commonwealth Sport.

Role of King Charles III in the Announcement:

• Patron of Commonwealth Sport: King Charles III, the Patron of Commonwealth Sport, officially launched the Commonwealth Sport King’s Baton Relay for the Glasgow 2026 Commonwealth Games at Buckingham Palace on Commonwealth Day 2025.

King’s Baton Relay – A Historic Tradition:

• First Batonbearer: Sir Chris Hoy, a British cycling legend, was the first batonbearer.
  Personal Message: King Charles placed a personal message inside the baton to mark the beginning of the 500-day countdown to the Glasgow 2026 Opening Ceremony.

Longest-Ever Baton Relay in Commonwealth Games History:

• Nations Covered: The baton will travel across 74 nations and territories, making it the longest relay in Commonwealth Games history.
• Duration in Each Country: Each country will host the baton for up to six days, organizing events and celebrations.

Significance of the Baton Relay:

• Global Unity: Strengthens connections between Commonwealth nations through sports.
• Celebration of Athletes: Recognizes and promotes athletic talent across the Commonwealth.
• Promotion of Commonwealth Sport’s Vision: Highlights sports as a tool for social development and change.

Future Vision of Commonwealth Sport:

• Sports as a Tool for Social Impact: Promotes education, youth participation, and gender equality in sports.
• Opportunities for Smaller Nations: Increases support for athletes from smaller Commonwealth nations.
• Enhanced Global Engagement: Expands Commonwealth Sport’s international reach beyond just the Commonwealth Games.

Impact on Future Commonwealth Games:

• Increased Sponsorships & Investments: The broader, more inclusive branding is expected to attract global sponsors.
• Stronger Positioning: Commonwealth Games will be positioned as a premier multi-sport event, bringing it closer to the Olympics in prestige.
• Expansion of Athlete Participation: More funding and development programs for athletes from developing nations.

Important Terms Explained:

• Commonwealth Day: Celebrated annually on the second Monday of March, it honors the unity and values of the Commonwealth of Nations.
• King’s Baton Relay: A symbolic relay that carries a message from the Head of the Commonwealth to be read at the Commonwealth Games Opening Ceremony.

Tabular Summary:

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Ranking – Daily Current Affairs March 11

4. Which Indian city was ranked as the most polluted city globally in IQAir’s World Air Quality Report 2024?
A) Delhi
B) Bhiwadi
C) Bynirhat
D) Faridabad
E) Noida
Answer: C) Bynirhat

Event and Location:

• Event: Air Pollution in India – Key Findings from IQAir’s World Air Quality Report 2024
• Why in the News?
  • According to IQAir’s World Air Quality Report 2024, 13 out of the 20 most polluted cities in the world are in India, with Bynirhat (Meghalaya) being the most polluted city globally. Delhi remains the most polluted capital for the sixth consecutive year.

Global and National Pollution Rankings:

• India’s Global Rank in 2024: 5th most polluted country (dropped from 3rd in 2023).
• Most Polluted City (Global): Bynirhat, Meghalaya.
• Most Polluted Capital City: Delhi (6th consecutive year).

PM 2.5 Levels in India:

• India’s Average PM 2.5 Levels:
  • 2023: 54.4 μg/m³
  • 2024: 50.6 μg/m³ (7% decline).
• Delhi’s PM 2.5 Levels:
  • 2023: 102.4 μg/m³
  • 2024: 108.3 μg/m³ (increase despite national decline).
• 35% of Indian cities have PM 2.5 levels 10 times higher than WHO limits.

Most Polluted Indian Cities (2024):

• Northeast: Bynirhat (Meghalaya) – Highest PM 2.5 levels globally.
• Northwest (Rajasthan & UP Belt):
  • Bhiwadi, Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Mullanpur, Faridabad, Gurugram, Loni, Muzaffarnagar, Noida, Greater Noida.

Health Impact of Air Pollution in India:

• Reduces life expectancy by: 5.2 years on average.
• Annual Deaths (2009-2019): 1.5 million deaths per year due to long-term PM2.5 exposure (Lancet study).

Expert Recommendations (Soumya Swaminathan, Former WHO Chief Scientist):

• Expand LPG subsidies to reduce biomass burning.
• Improve public transport and enforce vehicle emission laws.
• Impose strict fines on polluting industries and vehicles.
• Ensure compliance with emission regulations at construction sites and factories.

Important Terms Explained:

• PM 2.5 (Particulate Matter 2.5):
  • Fine airborne particles with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less.
  • Causes serious health risks, including lung disease, heart attacks, and reduced life expectancy.
• IQAir:
  • A Swiss-based air technology company that publishes the World Air Quality Report annually.
  • Uses real-time air quality monitoring from 10,000+ locations worldwide.

Tabular Summary:

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5. According to SIPRI’s Global Arms Transfers Report (2020-24), which country was the largest arms importer?
A) India
B) China
C) Ukraine
D) Pakistan
E) France
Answer: C) Ukraine

Event and Location:

• Event: Ukraine Tops Global Arms Imports, India Ranks Second – SIPRI Report
• Why in the News?
  • According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) Arms Transfers Report (2020-24), Ukraine became the world’s largest arms importer, while India ranked second. Ukraine’s arms imports increased nearly 100 times compared to 2015-19, driven by the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war.

Key Findings of SIPRI’s Report:

1. Global Arms Import Rankings (2020-24):
   • Ukraine – World’s largest arms importer, accounting for 8.8% of global arms imports.
   • India – Second-largest arms importer, reflecting security concerns over China and Pakistan.
   • Pakistan – Ranked among the top 10 importers, with a 61% increase in arms imports from 2015-19 to 2020-24.
   • China – Dropped out of the top 10 arms importers list for the first time since 1990-94.
2. Key Trends in Arms Imports:
   • European arms imports increased by 155% due to security concerns from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
   • Arms imports by NATO European members more than doubled between 2015-19 and 2020-24.
   • East Asian arms imports declined by 22%, with Japan as the only major East Asian state increasing its imports.
3. India’s Arms Imports:
   • India’s imports declined by 9.3% compared to 2015-19, but it remained the second-largest importer.
   • Russia remains India’s largest arms supplier, though the share has reduced.
   • India received the largest share of France’s arms exports, nearly twice the amount received by all European recipients combined.
4. Pakistan’s Arms Imports:
   • Pakistan’s arms imports increased by 61% compared to 2015-19.
   • China accounted for 81% of Pakistan’s arms imports, up from 74% in 2015-19.

Global Arms Export Rankings (2020-24):

1. Largest Arms Exporters:
   • United States: Increased its share of global arms exports to 43% (from 35% in 2015-19).
   • France: Became the second-largest arms exporter, overtaking Russia.
   • Russia: Fell to third place, with its arms exports declining by 64% due to the Ukraine war and sanctions.
   • China: Ranked fourth with 5.9% of global arms exports, but faced limited buyers due to political reasons.
2. Key Export Trends:
   • France’s arms exports to European nations tripled between 2015-19 and 2020-24, mainly due to combat aircraft deliveries to Greece and Croatia.
   • The US supplied 64% of NATO Europe’s arms imports, reflecting Europe’s growing reliance on US defense supplies.

Strategic Impact of the Report:

1. Ukraine’s Dependence on Foreign Arms:
   • 35+ countries supplied arms to Ukraine after the 2022 Russian invasion.
   • US, Germany, and Poland were the top suppliers of weapons to Ukraine.
2. India’s Defense Modernization:
   • Shift towards diversification in arms procurement, including increased purchases from France, Israel, and the US.
   • Continued focus on Atmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliant India) in defense production.
3. Decline of Russia’s Arms Exports:
   • Russia’s declining exports indicate a shift in global defense procurement trends.
   • India, China, and Kazakhstan accounted for two-thirds of Russia’s exports in 2020-24.
4. China’s Declining Arms Imports:
   • China dropped out of the top 10 arms importers list for the first time since 1990-94.
   • Many nations avoid buying Chinese arms for political reasons.

Important Terms Explained:

• SIPRI (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute):
  • A Swedish think-tank that provides independent research on global arms transfers, defense spending, and disarmament.
• NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization):
  • A military alliance of 31 countries (including the US, UK, Germany, and France) that coordinates defense and security policies.
• Atmanirbhar Bharat in Defense:
  • India’s initiative to reduce dependence on foreign defense imports and increase domestic arms manufacturing.

Tabular Summary:

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Banking and Finance – Daily Current Affairs March 11

6. Under which section of the RBI Act, 1934, did the Reserve Bank of India impose penalties on the NBFCs?
A) Section 22
B) Section 58G
C) Section 45L
D) Section 35A
E) Section 30
Answer: B) Section 58G

Event and Location:

• Event: RBI Imposes ₹76.6 Lakh Penalty on Four NBFCs
• Why in the News?
  • RBI has penalized four NBFCs with a total fine of ₹76.6 lakh for regulatory violations, including governance failures, risk management lapses, and non-compliance with fair lending norms.

Regulatory Acts Used:

• RBI Act, 1934: Section 58G was invoked for imposing penalties on NBFCs.
  Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007: Section 30 was used for regulatory enforcement.

NBFCs Penalized and Key Violations:

• NBFC A: Penalized for failing to comply with fair lending practices and Know Your Customer (KYC) norms.
• NBFC B: Found violating asset classification and provisioning guidelines.
• NBFC C: Failed to maintain the required capital adequacy ratio.
• NBFC D: Penalized for lapses in fraud risk management and failure to report key transactions.

Penalty on Visionary Financepeer:

• Fine Amount: ₹16.6 lakh.
• Reason: Non-adherence to fair lending practices and compliance failures.

Key Reasons for RBI’s Action:

• Fair Lending Violations: Some NBFCs were found charging excessive interest rates and engaging in unethical loan recovery practices.
• Weak KYC & AML Compliance: Lapses in Know Your Customer (KYC) and Anti-Money Laundering (AML) procedures posed financial risks.
• Risk Management Failures: Certain NBFCs did not meet capital adequacy and risk exposure requirements.
• Improper Reporting: Delayed or incorrect reporting of financial transactions was observed.

Impact of RBI’s Action on the NBFC Sector:

• Increased Compliance Burden: NBFCs will be subject to stricter regulatory scrutiny, requiring improved governance and reporting standards.
• Consumer Protection: The move will safeguard customers against unfair lending practices, ensuring a more transparent financial system.
• Market Confidence: Stricter regulations will enhance the credibility and long-term sustainability of the NBFC sector.

Important Terms Explained:

• Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC): A financial institution that provides banking services like loans and asset management but does not hold a banking license.
• Fair Lending Practices: Regulations ensuring that financial institutions offer loans fairly without charging excessive interest rates or using unethical collection methods.
• Know Your Customer (KYC): A mandatory process to verify the identity of customers to prevent financial fraud and money laundering.
• Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR): A measure of an NBFC’s financial health, ensuring it has sufficient capital to cover its risk exposures.

Tabular Summary:

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7. Which of the following child insurance plans was recently launched by SBI Life Insurance?
A) SBI Life – Smart Child Secure
B) SBI Life – Future Achiever
C) SBI Life – Smart Future Star
D) SBI Life – Young Aspirant
E) SBI Life – Child Wealth Plan
Answer: C) SBI Life – Smart Future Star

Event and Location:

• Event: SBI Life Insurance Expands Product Line with Two New Child Insurance Plans
• Why in the News?
  • SBI Life Insurance has launched two new child insurance plans, SBI Life – Smart Future Star and SBI Life – Smart Platina Young Achiever, to help parents secure their child’s financial future.

New Products Launched:

• SBI Life – Smart Future Star:
  • Type: Individual, Non-Linked, Participating Life Insurance Savings Product.
  • Financial Growth: Provides long-term financial security through bonuses.
  • Waiver of Premium Benefit: If the proposer (parent) dies or suffers Accidental Total Permanent Disability (ATPD), future premiums are waived.
  • Flexible Maturity Payout Options: Designed to adapt to changing financial needs.
• SBI Life – Smart Platina Young Achiever:
  • Type: Individual, Non-Linked, Non-Participating Life Insurance Savings Product.
    Guaranteed Maturity Benefit: Assures financial support for a child’s education, career, or marriage.
  • Waiver of Premium Benefit: Ensures continued financial support in case of proposer’s death or ATPD.
  • Flexible Maturity Payouts: Offers customizable payout options.
  • Risk-Free Savings Approach: Ideal for parents seeking guaranteed returns with minimal risk.
• SBI Life’s Vision and Commitment:
  • Financial Empowerment: Helps parents secure their child’s future with structured savings and protection.
  • Protection with Growth: Balances life coverage with financial growth opportunities.
  • Customer Trust: Builds confidence through need-based, innovative financial products.

Important Terms Explained:

• Non-Linked Insurance Plan: A life insurance product that is not linked to the stock market and provides assured benefits.
• Participating vs. Non-Participating Insurance:
  • Participating Plans (Like Smart Future Star): Policyholders receive bonuses based on the insurer’s profits.
  • Non-Participating Plans (Like Smart Platina Young Achiever): Provides fixed benefits without bonuses.
• Waiver of Premium Benefit: In case of the proposer’s death or disability, future premiums are waived while the policy benefits continue.

Tabular Summary:

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Appointments – Daily Current Affairs March 11

8. Who has been appointed as the new President & CEO of Honda Cars India Ltd. (HCIL), effective April 1, 2025?
A) Takuya Tsumura
B) Gaku Nakanishi
C) Takashi Nakajima
D) Kenichi Ayukawa
E) Toshihiro Mibe
Answer: C) Takashi Nakajima

Event and Location:

• Event: Takashi Nakajima Appointed as the New President & CEO of Honda Cars India
• Why in the News?
  • Takashi Nakajima has been appointed as the new President & CEO of Honda Cars India Ltd. (HCIL), effective April 1, 2025.
• Who is Replacing Whom?
  • Successor: Takashi Nakajima.
  • Predecessor: Takuya Tsumura, who will return to Honda’s headquarters in Japan after completing his three-year tenure in India.

Reason for the Leadership Change:

• Annual Leadership Restructuring: The appointment is part of Honda Motor Company’s annual restructuring process to strengthen global operations.

Who is Takashi Nakajima?

• Honda Veteran: Nakajima has 30 years of experience in the automobile industry.
  Joined Honda: In 1994.

International Roles:

• Russia: Served as President of Honda Motor Russia since 2021.
• Japan: Held key positions in business planning and product strategy at Honda’s headquarters.
• China: Contributed to Honda’s expansion in one of the world’s largest automobile markets.
• Spain & Czech Republic: Played a crucial role in marketing and sales promotions.

Takuya Tsumura’s Contributions to Honda Cars India:

• Premium Brand Positioning: Strengthened Honda’s image in the Indian market.
  Customer-Focused Initiatives: Enhanced customer satisfaction and loyalty programs.
• Profitability & Growth: Navigated challenges while ensuring the company’s financial stability.

Key Achievements Under Tsumura’s Leadership:

• Honda City e:HEV: India’s first mainstream hybrid sedan, setting a new benchmark for fuel efficiency and eco-friendly driving.
• Honda Elevate: A global SUV designed to cater to India’s growing demand for premium SUVs.
• Third-Generation Honda Amaze: A compact sedan that continues to be a popular choice among Indian consumers.

Impact of the Leadership Change:

• New Product Strategies: Focus on strengthening Honda’s lineup in India.
• Hybrid & EV Expansion: Increase Honda’s hybrid and electric vehicle offerings to align with India’s shift towards sustainable mobility.
• SUV Market Growth: Expand Honda’s presence in the rapidly growing SUV segment.
• Global Best Practices: Leverage Nakajima’s international experience to improve Indian operations.

Important Terms Explained:

• Hybrid Vehicle (HEV): A vehicle that combines an internal combustion engine with an electric motor to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions.
• Electric Vehicle (EV): A battery-powered vehicle with zero tailpipe emissions, contributing to sustainable mobility.

Tabular Summary:

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9. Which company has partnered with Salman Khan for the marketing campaign of 10X Classic Chakki Fresh Atta?
A) ITC Ltd.
B) GRM Overseas Limited
C) Adani Wilmar
D) Patanjali Foods
E) Hindustan Unilever
Answer: B) GRM Overseas Limited

Event and Location:

• Event: Salman Khan Teams with GRM for Wheat Flour Campaign
• Why in the News?
  • GRM Overseas Limited has launched a marketing campaign for 10X Classic Chakki Fresh Atta, featuring Bollywood actor Salman Khan as the brand ambassador.

Key Highlights of the Campaign:

1. Brand Ambassador & Campaign Theme:
   • Salman Khan has been appointed as the brand ambassador.
   • The campaign is titled “Better Half Ki Better Choice”, emphasizing quality, hygiene, and nutrition.
   • The tagline “10 Ka Dum” reinforces the strength and superior quality of the product.
2. Marketing Strategy:
   • Advertisements will be aired on leading Hindi news channels.
   • Supported by print media, digital platforms, outdoor billboards, and cinema promotions.
   • The campaign aims to shift consumer preference from unbranded wheat flour to packaged wheat flour.
3. GRM Overseas Limited – Company Overview:
   • Founded in 1974 as a rice processing and trading company.
   • Currently a consumer staples company, processing and exporting rice and wheat products.
   • Operates three rice processing units in Haryana and Gujarat.
   • Among India’s top five rice exporters, exporting to 42 countries.
4. Growth Prospects of the Packaged Wheat Flour Market:
   • Industry reports predict India’s packaged wheat flour market will grow at a 16% CAGR.
   • Expected to reach $197 billion by 2030.
   • GRM Overseas Limited aims to leverage Salman Khan’s mass appeal to capture a larger share of this growing market.
5. Impact on GRM’s Stock Market Performance:
   • GRM Overseas Limited’s share price on NSE:
     • Closed at ₹258.19.
     • Increased by ₹8.85 (+3.55%) post-campaign announcement.
   • The market responded positively to the branding and marketing initiative.
6. Strategic Business Goals:
   • Enhance brand visibility through celebrity endorsement.
   • Expand market share in India’s fast-growing packaged flour segment.
   • Position 10X Classic Chakki Fresh Atta as a premium packaged wheat flour option.

Important Terms Explained:

• Packaged Wheat Flour Market: The industry for branded, processed, and hygienically packed wheat flour, which is growing due to health awareness and changing consumer preferences.
• CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate): The annual growth rate of an investment over a specified period of time, assuming it reinvests profits at the same rate.

Tabular Summary:

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Science and Technology – Daily Current Affairs March 11

10. Which Indian state has announced the launch of its own satellite named ASSAMSAT?
A) Karnataka
B) Maharashtra
C) Tamil Nadu
D) Assam
E) Gujarat
Answer: D) Assam

Event and Location:

• Event: Assam Government to Launch Its Own Satellite ‘ASSAMSAT’
• Why in the News?
  • Assam government announced the launch of its own satellite, ASSAMSAT, during the 2025-26 state budget to enhance socio-economic initiatives and border security.

Key Announcement:

• First Indian State to Launch Its Own Satellite: Assam becomes the first Indian state to develop and launch its own satellite.

Developing Agencies:

• IN-SPACe & ISRO: The satellite will be developed in collaboration with the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Center (IN-SPACe) and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Estimated Cost:

• ₹450-500 crore: The geostationary satellite is expected to cost between ₹450 crore and ₹500 crore.

Key Objectives of ASSAMSAT:

• Border Security: The satellite will provide real-time surveillance over Assam’s borders, helping in tracking illegal movements, including infiltration.
• Disaster Management: The satellite will assist in early warning systems for floods and landslides, which are common in Assam, especially along the Brahmaputra River.
• Agriculture: Farmers will benefit from weather forecasts, soil health analysis, and crop monitoring, which will help improve productivity.
• Infrastructure Development: The satellite will support urban planning, monitor developmental projects, and identify infrastructure gaps.
• Law Enforcement: The satellite’s surveillance capabilities will assist police and security agencies in tracking criminal activities and improving law enforcement efficiency.

Budget Allocation for 2025-26:

• Total Budget: ₹2.6 lakh crore.
• Consolidated Fund: ₹1.55 lakh crore.
• Public Account: ₹1.02 lakh crore.
• Contingency Fund: ₹2,000 crore.

CM Himanta Biswa Sarma’s Vision for ASSAMSAT:

• Enhanced Border Surveillance: The satellite will detect illegal crossings along Assam’s borders, improving security.
• Faster Disaster Response: The satellite will provide real-time images to assist in emergency response, reducing reliance on foreign satellites.
• Support for Farmers: Timely weather updates and flood forecasts for the Brahmaputra River will help Assam’s agricultural sector.
• Boosting Research & Innovation: The satellite project will encourage students and researchers in Assam to explore space technology and satellite development.

Other Key Projects Announced in Assam’s Budget 2025-26:

• AI-Powered Anti-Deepfake & Cyber-Surveillance Lab: Will combat digital misinformation and strengthen cybersecurity using AI-based surveillance.
• Green Packaging Industrial Hub: Focuses on sustainable and eco-friendly packaging solutions using biodegradable materials.
• Bamboo Smart City: Aims to utilize Assam’s bamboo resources for sustainable urban development and infrastructure.
• AI & Blockchain-Powered Tea Auction System: Enhances transparency and efficiency in Assam’s tea trading industry through AI-driven pricing models.
• Government OTT Platform: Aims to preserve Assamese cinema, literature, folk music, and cultural heritage through a dedicated streaming service.

Important Terms Explained:

• IN-SPACe (Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Center): A government agency under the Department of Space responsible for promoting private sector participation in space activities.
• Geostationary Satellite: A satellite that orbits the Earth at the same rotational speed as the planet, making it appear stationary relative to the ground.

Tabular Summary:

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Defence – Daily Current Affairs March 11

11. India signed a $248 million deal with which country to procure advanced battle tank engines for its T-72 fleet?
A) United States
B) France
C) Germany
D) Russia
E) Israel
Answer: D) Russia

Event and Location:

• Event: India Signs $248 Million Deal with Russia for Advanced Battle Tank Engines
• Why in the News?
  • India has signed a $248 million agreement with Russia’s Rosoboronexport to acquire 1,000 HP engines for its T-72 battle tanks, enhancing their battlefield mobility and combat strength.

Agreement Details:

• Contract Signing: India signed a $248 million contract with Russia’s Rosoboronexport for T-72 tank engine upgrades.
• Strategic Objective: The deal aims to modernize India’s T-72 tank fleet to improve maneuverability and firepower.

Upgradation of T-72 Tanks:

• T-72 in Indian Service: The T-72 tanks were introduced in the 1970s and remain a vital part of the Indian Army’s armored fleet.
• Current Fleet Strength: The Indian Army operates approximately 2,500 T-72 tanks.
• Existing Engine Power: 780 HP.
• Upgraded Engine Power: 1,000 HP engines will replace the existing ones, enhancing mobility and operational efficiency.

Transfer of Technology (ToT):

• Technology Provider: Russia’s Rosoboronexport will transfer technology for indigenous manufacturing.
• Production Partner in India: Armoured Vehicles Nigam Ltd (AVNL) will undertake licensed production of these advanced engines.
• Alignment with Government Initiatives: Supports Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat by strengthening domestic defense manufacturing.

India-Russia Defense Cooperation:

• Historical Ties: Russia has been India’s largest defense supplier for decades, providing key military platforms.
• Impact of Russia-Ukraine War: The conflict has disrupted Russia’s defense exports, prompting India to explore Western defense suppliers.
• Continued Partnership: Despite diversification, Russia remains a critical defense partner, especially for tanks, aircraft, and missile technology.

Strategic Importance of the Deal:

• Enhancing Combat Power: The 1,000 HP engines will increase the battlefield effectiveness of India’s armored corps.
• Indigenous Production: Reduces dependence on foreign suppliers by promoting local defense manufacturing.
• Geopolitical Significance: Strengthens India-Russia defense ties despite global realignments.

Important Terms Explained:

• Rosoboronexport: Russia’s state-owned defense export agency, responsible for supplying military equipment to foreign nations.
• T-72 Battle Tank: A third-generation main battle tank developed by the Soviet Union, forming the backbone of India’s armored fleet.
• Armoured Vehicles Nigam Ltd (AVNL): An Indian government-owned defense manufacturer specializing in tank and armored vehicle production.

Tabular Summary:

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12. Which Royal Thai Navy ship participated in the PASSEX exercise with the Indian Navy’s First Training Squadron?
A) HTMS Krabi
B) HTMS Phuket
C) HTMS Huahin
D) HTMS Chakri Naruebet
E) HTMS Sukhothai
Answer: C) HTMS Huahin

Event and Location:

• Event: Indian Navy’s First Training Squadron Concludes Visit to Phuket, Thailand
• Why in the News?
  • The First Training Squadron (1TS) of the Indian Navy, comprising INS Sujata, INS Shardul, and ICGS Veera, successfully completed its visit to Phuket Deep Sea Port, Thailand, conducting naval exercises, professional exchanges, and public engagements with the Royal Thai Navy (RTN).

Participating Ships:

• INS Sujata (Indian Navy Offshore Patrol Vessel).
• INS Shardul (Landing Ship Tank).
• ICGS Veera (Indian Coast Guard Offshore Patrol Vessel).

Key Exercise – PASSEX (Passing Exercise):

• Conducted coordinated tactical maneuvers with HTMS Huahin on March 4, 2025.
• Included exchange of sea riders to enhance interoperability between the two navies.

Bilateral Naval Activities:

• Professional training visits and social interactions between Indian and Thai naval personnel.
• Strengthened regional security cooperation and explored joint training opportunities.

High-Level Meetings:

• Capt Anshul Kishore (Senior Officer, 1TS) and Commanding Officers of 1TS ships met Vice Admiral Suwat Donsakul, Commander of the 3rd Naval Area Command.
• Discussions focused on regional security, naval training collaborations, and goodwill initiatives.

Training & Cultural Engagements:

• Sea trainees visited Phangna Naval Port, HTMS Krabi, and the 3rd Naval Area Command to share best practices.
• Organized a ship tour for school children, RTN personnel, and the Indian diaspora.
• Conducted a combined yoga session and friendly sports matches to foster cultural ties.

Public Engagements & Diplomacy:

• Indian Naval Band Concert held at Patong Beach, attracting tourists and local residents.
• Diplomatic Reception hosted onboard 1TS ships, co-hosted by:
  • Indian Embassy
  • Senior Officer, 1TS
  • Senior leadership of the Royal Thai Navy
  • Indian diaspora members and diplomats

Strengthening Maritime Cooperation:

• Reinforced India’s SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) initiative.
• Strengthened maritime and strategic ties between India and Thailand.

Important Terms Explained:

• PASSEX (Passing Exercise): A naval drill conducted when warships of two or more nations operate together to improve coordination and communication.
• SAGAR Initiative: India’s strategic vision for the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), focusing on maritime security, economic cooperation, and regional stability.
• First Training Squadron (1TS): The Indian Navy’s dedicated training squadron for naval cadets and officers, comprising training and patrol ships.

Tabular Summary:

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13. Which of the following exercises was part of the Indian Navy’s TROPEX 2025?
A) INDRA
B) MALABAR
C) AMPHEX
D) VARUNA
E) RIMPAC
Answer: C) AMPHEX

Event and Location:

• Event: Culmination of Indian Navy’s Theatre Level Operational Exercise (TROPEX) 2025
• Why in the News?
  • The Indian Navy conducted its flagship large-scale combat drill, Theatre Level Operational Exercise (TROPEX) 2025, over three months from January to March 2025 in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), including the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal.

Exercise Structure & Phases:

1. Amphibious Exercise (AMPHEX):
   • Focused on coordinated land-sea operations with the Indian Army and Indian Air Force.
2. Joint Work-Up Phase:
   • Emphasized precision ordnance delivery on naval and land-based targets.
3. Cyber & Electronic Warfare:
   • Strengthened defensive and offensive cyber warfare capabilities.
4. Tactical Phase:
   • Assessed combat readiness, response capabilities, and strategic maritime operations.

Scope & Scale of the Exercise:

• Geographical Coverage:
  • North-South: 4,300 nautical miles (nm) up to 35° South Latitude.
  • West-East: 5,000 nm from the Strait of Hormuz to Sunda & Lombok Straits.
• Naval Assets Deployed:
  • 65-70 Indian Navy ships.
  • 9-10 submarines.
  • 80+ aircraft, including fighter jets and surveillance planes.

Joint Forces Participation:

• Indian Air Force (IAF):
  • Deployed Sukhoi-30, Jaguar, C-130, AWACS, and Flight Refueller aircraft.
• Indian Army:
  • 600+ infantry troops participated in the joint land-sea operations.
• Indian Coast Guard (ICG):
  • More than 10 ICG ships joined for maritime security drills.

Key Achievements:

1. Enhanced Interoperability:
   • Strengthened coordination between the Navy, Army, Air Force, and Coast Guard.
2. Operational Synergy:
   • Successfully simulated theatre-level war scenarios, integrating joint-force capabilities.
3. Combat Readiness Assessment:
   • Evaluated the Navy’s capability to counter multifaceted threats, including cyber and electronic warfare.
4. Future-Ready Force:
   • Reinforced the Indian Navy’s preparedness for modern naval warfare and emerging challenges.

Strategic Significance of TROPEX 2025:

1. Defending India’s Maritime Interests:
   • Strengthened security in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) against evolving threats.
2. Showcasing India’s Naval Strength:
   • Demonstrated blue-water naval capabilities, enhancing India’s global maritime presence.
3. Preparedness for Emerging Threats:
   • Assessed combat readiness in cyber warfare, electronic warfare, and high-intensity conflicts.

Conclusion:

• TROPEX 2025 reaffirmed the Indian Navy’s commitment to being a Combat-ready, Credible, Cohesive, and Future-ready Force.
• The exercise successfully tested operational strategies, integrated joint-force capabilities, and ensured India’s maritime security.

Important Terms Explained:

• TROPEX (Theatre Level Operational Exercise): The Indian Navy’s largest biennial war exercise, testing joint warfare capabilities and combat readiness.
• AMPHEX: An amphibious warfare exercise focusing on joint naval and land operations with the Indian Army and Air Force.
• Indian Ocean Region (IOR): A strategic maritime zone, vital for India’s trade, defense, and regional security.

Tabular Summary:

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National Affairs – Daily Current Affairs March 11

14. Which initiative allows power plants in India to import Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) freely under commercial terms?
A) National Gas Grid Expansion
B) SATAT Initiative
C) Open General License (OGL)
D) Priority Allocation of Domestic Gas
E) Competitive Procurement of Power
Answer: C) Open General License (OGL)

Event and Location:

• Event: Government Initiatives to Promote Gas-Based Power Generation
• Why in the News?
  • The Government of India has launched various measures to improve the availability and affordability of natural gas for power generation.

Key Government Initiatives for Gas-Based Power Generation:

• LNG Under Open General License (OGL): LNG has been placed under the OGL category, allowing power plants to import LNG freely on commercial terms, removing regulatory barriers.
• LNG Imports by Power Plants: In FY 2024-25 (April to January), power plants imported approximately 9.58 MMSCMD of gas to meet peak-hour electricity demand.
• Competitive Procurement of Gas-Based Power: Government schemes facilitate competitive procurement of power from gas-based plants during peak demand periods to stabilize electricity supply.
• Expansion of National Gas Infrastructure: The National Gas Grid Pipeline and City Gas Distribution (CGD) network are being expanded to ensure wider access to natural gas. New LNG terminals are also being set up to improve gas import and storage capacity.
• Priority Allocation of Domestic Gas: Domestic gas is allocated on priority to Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) for transport and Piped Natural Gas (PNG) for households to ensure affordability and stable supply.
• Marketing & Pricing Freedom for Gas Producers: Gas producers from high-pressure, high-temperature, deep water, ultra-deep water, and coal seam areas have been granted pricing and marketing freedom, with a ceiling price to prevent excessive fluctuations.
• Promotion of Bio-CNG Through SATAT Initiative: The Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT) initiative aims to promote Bio-CNG as a cleaner alternative to reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

Important Terms Explained:

• Plant Load Factor (PLF): A measure of how efficiently a power plant is operating, calculated as the ratio of actual output to maximum possible output over a period.
• LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas): A natural gas that has been cooled to a liquid state for easy storage and transportation.
• Open General License (OGL): A policy that allows the import of certain goods, such as LNG, without prior government approval.
• SATAT Initiative: A government program aimed at promoting the production and use of Bio-CNG as a sustainable fuel alternative.

Tabular Summary:

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15. Which ministry launched the e-Shram portal to create a National Database of Unorganised Workers (NDUW)?
A) Ministry of Home Affairs
B) Ministry of Rural Development
C) Ministry of Labour & Employment
D) Ministry of Finance
E) Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment
Answer: C) Ministry of Labour & Employment

Event and Location:

• Event: Empowering Unorganised Workers: e-Shram at 30.68 Crore Registrations
• Why in the News?
  • The e-Shram portal, launched by the Ministry of Labour & Employment, has recorded 30.68 crore registrations as of March 3, 2025, providing social security and welfare benefits to unorganised workers.

e-Shram Portal Overview:

• Launch Date: August 26, 2021.
• Developed By: Ministry of Labour & Employment.
• Purpose: To create a National Database of Unorganised Workers (NDUW) linked with Aadhaar.
• Registration Type: Self-declaration basis.
• Document Required: Aadhaar Card.
• Unique ID Provided: Universal Account Number (UAN).
• Languages Supported: 22 Indian languages using the Bhashini platform.
• Mobile App Launch: February 24, 2025.
• One-Stop-Solution Launch: October 21, 2024.

Integration with Social Welfare Schemes:

• The e-Shram portal is integrated with 13 Central Government schemes to provide workers with access to welfare benefits, including:
  • Pradhan Mantri Street Vendors Atmanirbhar Nidhi (PM-SVANidhi): Provides working capital loans for street vendors.
  • Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY): Accidental insurance scheme.
  • Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY): Life insurance scheme.
  • Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA): Provides employment opportunities in rural areas.
  • Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY-G & PMAY-U): Housing schemes for rural and urban poor.
  • Ayushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY): Health insurance scheme.
  • Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maandan (PMSYM): Pension scheme for unorganised workers.
  • Skill India Digital Portal: Provides skill development opportunities.

State-wise Registration on e-Shram (Top & Bottom 5 States):

• Top 5 States with the Highest Registrations:
  • Uttar Pradesh: 8.38 crore.
  • Bihar: 2.97 crore.
  • West Bengal: 2.64 crore.
  • Madhya Pradesh: 1.86 crore.
  • Odisha: 1.35 crore.
• Bottom 5 States/UTs with the Lowest Registrations:
  • Lakshadweep: 2,818.
  • Ladakh: 33,896.
  • Andaman & Nicobar Islands: 32,984.
  • Sikkim: 42,833.
  • Dadra & Nagar Haveli & Daman & Diu: 74,771.
• Top 5 Occupation Sectors Registered on e-Shram:
  • Agriculture: 15.99 crore.
  • Construction: 2.77 crore.
  • Domestic & Household Workers: 2.89 crore.
  • Apparel Industry: 2 crore.
  • Retail Sector: 23.41 lakh.

Steps Taken to Increase Awareness & Accessibility:

• Collaboration with Common Services Centres (CSC): Assisted registrations across rural areas.
• Social Media & SMS Campaigns: Awareness programs to inform workers.
• Integration with National Career Service (NCS): Provides job opportunities for registered workers.
• Onboarding of e-Shram on UMANG App: Enables easier access to the portal and its services.
• State Seva Kendras (SSKs): Assists workers in completing registrations.

Impact of the e-Shram Portal:

• Improved Social Security: Provides unorganised workers with direct access to welfare schemes.
• Women Empowerment: Over 53.68% of registered workers are women, ensuring financial inclusion.
• Financial Support: Workers can directly benefit from PM-SVANidhi, PMSBY, PMJJBY, and other schemes.
• Employment & Skill Development: Integration with Skill India and NCS improves job opportunities.
• One-Stop-Solution Benefits: Helps workers track and avail multiple government benefits through a single platform.

Important Terms Explained:

• National Database of Unorganised Workers (NDUW): A government initiative to register and track unorganised sector workers to ensure they receive social security benefits.
• Universal Account Number (UAN): A unique identification number provided to registered workers for accessing welfare schemes.
• Bhashini Platform: A language translation platform that enables e-Shram to provide services in 22 Indian languages for greater accessibility.

Tabular Summary:

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16. Which existing law is not being repealed by the Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025?
A) The Passport (Entry into India) Act, 1920
B) The Foreigners Act, 1946
C) The Citizenship Act, 1955
D) The Registration of Foreigners Act, 1939
E) The Immigration (Carriers’ Liability) Act, 2000
Answer: C) The Citizenship Act, 1955

Event and Location:

• Event: Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025 Introduced in Parliament
• Why in the News?
  • Minister of State for Home Affairs Nityanand Rai introduced the Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025, aiming to replace colonial-era laws and establish a modernized immigration framework with stricter regulations and penalties.

Existing Laws to be Repealed:

• The bill seeks to replace four existing immigration laws to remove overlapping provisions and ensure better control over foreign nationals in India. The repealed laws include:
  • The Passport (Entry into India) Act, 1920
  • The Registration of Foreigners Act, 1939
  • The Foreigners Act, 1946
  • The Immigration (Carriers’ Liability) Act, 2000

Key Provisions of the Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025:

1. Entry Restrictions for Foreigners:
   • Foreigners posing a threat to national security, sovereignty, or public order will be denied entry or deported from India.
   • Border security and immigration control will be tightened.
2. Mandatory Registration & Movement Restrictions:
   • Foreigners must register upon arrival in India.
   • Restricted movement within protected and sensitive areas without prior approval.
   • Hospitals, educational institutions, and hotels must report the presence of foreign nationals.
3. Stricter Penalties for Violations:
   • Illegal entry without a valid passport or visa: Up to 5 years imprisonment and a fine of ₹5 lakh.
   • Forgery of documents: 2 to 7 years imprisonment and fines between ₹1 lakh and ₹10 lakh.
   • Overstaying or visa violations: Up to 3 years imprisonment and a fine of ₹3 lakh.
   • Trespassing in restricted areas: Detention and deportation.
4. Liability of Transport Carriers:
   • Airlines, shipping companies, and other carriers must ensure passengers have valid documents.
   • Fine of up to ₹5 lakh for transporting foreigners without valid visas.
   • If a foreigner is denied entry, the carrier must remove them immediately.
5. Enhanced Powers of Immigration Officers:
   • Immigration officers can arrest without a warrant if immigration laws are violated.
   • Authorities can restrict the exit of foreigners if their presence is needed for investigation.
6. Advance Passenger Data Requirement:
   • Airlines and shipping companies must share passenger data with immigration authorities before arrival.
   • Enables real-time monitoring of incoming and outgoing travelers.

Impact and Significance of the Bill:

• Strengthening National Security:
  • Prevents illegal immigration, espionage, and terrorism.
  • Enhances border security and surveillance.
• Simplification of Immigration Laws:
  • Replaces four outdated laws with a single comprehensive framework.
  • Eliminates legal ambiguities and streamlines enforcement.
• Stricter Control Over Foreign Nationals:
  • Ensures compliance with visa and immigration rules.
  • Imposes penalties for overstaying and illegal activities.
• Increased Accountability of Transport Carriers:
  • Prevents human trafficking and illegal migration.
  • Holds airlines and transporters responsible for verifying passengers’ documents.

Statistics on Foreign Visitors to India:

• Total Foreign Visitors (2023-24): 9,840,321 foreigners visited India between April 1, 2023, and March 31, 2024.
• The bill is expected to enhance the regulation and monitoring of foreign nationals.

Important Terms Explained:

• Foreigners Act, 1946: Existing legislation governing the entry, stay, and exit of foreigners in India, set to be replaced by the Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025.
• Immigration (Carriers’ Liability) Act, 2000: Holds airlines and transport companies liable for carrying passengers without valid documents, now incorporated into the new bill.
• Advance Passenger Information System (APIS): A security mechanism where airlines submit passenger data before departure, helping authorities screen travelers in advance.

Tabular Summary:

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Over All Review

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